Unit 5 The Real Truth About Lies

About the author
• Randy Fitzgerald, a freelance writer, columnist and blogger. • “The Real Truth about Lies” is an article from Readers’ Digest published in November 1999.
Part I: Para. 1—6 Vocabulary and Grammar
• 1. (Para 1) volunteer : v. to give or offer willingly or without
being paid • n. a person who gives help willingly
English Debate
• positive side: White lies are welcomed in our society
• negative side: White lies are not welcomed in our society
Hale Waihona Puke Text 1 The Real Truth About Lies
Unit 5 Influence of lies in real life
A Survey
• Have you ever lied to someone?
• Write down one of your lies and the reason why you lied.
Different lies
an earth-shattering discovery
• eg: 震撼世界的重大事件。
an event of earth-shattering importance
Part I: Para. 1—6 Vocabulary and Grammar
4. (Para 3)feign: v. to pretend to have or be; to put on a false air of She feigned to be ill/ feigned illness in order not to do the exercises.
Part I: Para. 1—6 Questions for comprehension
1. What is the result of Professor Bella DePaulo’s survey? What conclusion can we draw from the result? (Paragraphs 1-4) According to the survey done by Professor DePaulo, 140 out of 147 people admitted having told lies. As some of the lies are wellintentioned, people may not regard them as lies. This result shows that telling lies is common.
Part I: Para. 1—6 Questions for comprehension
2. What is the result of the survey conducted by Josephson Institute of Ethics? What can we learn from it? (Paragraph 5) According to this survey, among 20,000 students surveyed, 92 percent professed to have told lies and meanwhile, 91 percent never doubted about their own ethics or character. Again, this result shows that telling lies is common and people seldom relate telling lies to morality.
The tone of the author
• • • • • What is the tone of the author? A. Objective B. Subjective C. Critical D. Indifferent
Further Reading
• 1. Questions and answers for comprehension • 2. Grammar and Vocabulary • 3. Paraphrase
1. What are the common white lies? A white lie is one that lacks evil intent, as opposed to a black lie, which is most certainly malevolent, though normally we don’t bother to specify that lies are evil. A white lie is harmless or trivial. 2. Why do people tell white lies?
Part I: Para. 1—6 Questions for comprehension
1. What is the result of Professor Bella DePaulo’s survey? What conclusion can we draw from the result? (Paragraphs 1-4) 2. What is the result of the survey conducted by Josephson Institute of Ethics? What can we learn from it? (Paragraph 5)
To lie or not to lie, that is a question.
Thank you so much! I just love it!
Yeah, you look great in that dress.
A: He said he got 5A in this exam. B: He bragged and lied.
Should lies be avoided at all costs?
Structural analysis of the text
• Part I: Para. 1—6 Introducing the topic by reporting two survey results • Part II: Para. 7-11 Telling little white lies is a common practice and the reason for telling such lies is familiar —— we do not want to hurt others. • Part III: Para. 12-15 The consequences of telling lies • Part IV: Para. 16-18 Whether lies should be avoided at all costs
2. (Para. 2)profess: v. to make a claim (of / about) • 他自称对雕塑无所不知。
James professed to know everything about sculpture.
v. to declare openly or freely (a personal feeling, belief, etc.) 总统表示对该项计划非常感兴趣。
A project
what is the result?
A survey
• Telling little white lies is a common practice • What is the reason?
What are the consequences of telling lies?
Directions: Figure out the expressions with the word “lie”.
LIE
Behavioral scientist Wendy Gamble identified four basic types of lies for a University of Arizona study in 2000: Prosocial: Lying to protect someone, to benefit or help others. Self-enhancement: Lying to save face, to avoid embarrassment, disapproval or punishment. Selfish: Lying to protect the self at the expense of another, and/or to conceal a misdeed. Antisocial: Lying to hurt someone else intentionally.
Global-reading Activities
1. The main idea of the passage 2. Structural Analysis 3. Rhetorical device 4. The tone of the author
How is the topic Introduced?
Text Comprehension (Page 81)
• Decide which of the following best sums up the argument of the passage. • A. We must not tell lies under any circumstances. • B. There are many occasions in our daily life when we have to tell lies. • C. Lies, or even little lies, can produce dire consequences on social integrity.
The president has professed his enthusiasm for the scheme.
Part I: Para. 1—6 Vocabulary and Grammar
3. (Para 3)earth-shattering: of the greatest importance to the whole world, very important, shocking • eg: 震惊全世界的发明
Rhetorical Features
• The citing of examples and specific figures
– Para. 1: At the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, …77 students and 70 town people to …. – Para. 2: One student and six … residents…. The other 140 participants told 1535. – Para. 5: For example, 20,000 middle- and highschoolers were surveyed by the Josephson Institute of Ethics…. – Philosopher Sissela Bok warns us that…