高考英语浙江版二轮专题复习突破检测：专题一 阅读理解模拟检测(三)

阅读理解模拟检测(三)
(共3篇，限时20分钟)
A
(2017·绍兴市鲁迅高级中学一模)I don't think I can recall a time when I wasn't aware of the beauty of the ocean. Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay, I_suddenly_had_the_feeling_of_not_being able_to_feel the_ground_with_my_feet_anymore.
For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to the
Great Barrier Reef. There were fish in different colors, caves and layers of coral. They made such an impression on me. When I learned that only 1 percent of Australia's Coral Sea was
protected, I was shocked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than any other country on earth. But sadly, only 45% of the world's reefs are considered healthy.
This statistic is depressing, so it's important for us to do everything to protect them. The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco­system has led me to take action. I've become involved with the Protect Our Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the ocean's species will all have a safe place forever.
Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be a part of the movement. Angus also shares many beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。

文章向我们介绍了澳大利亚的海洋生物面临的危机以及作者为此所做的一些努力。

1．From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can learn the author ________.
A．seldom went surfing at the sea
B．forgot his experiences about the ocean
C．never went back to his hometown
D．had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay
解析：选D 句意理解题。

根据第一段中的“I don't thi nk I can recall a time when I wasn't aware of the beauty of the ocean.”和“I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side”可知，作者认为大海很美，自己很幸运能经常看到海，故画线句应是对半月湾的赞美。

D
项符合文意。

故选D。

2．According to the second paragraph, Australian marine life ________.
A．is escaping from the Coral Sea gradually
B．depends on reefs for living greatly
C．may be faced with danger
D．is protected better than that in other oceans
解析：选C 推理判断题。

根据第二段最后三句“When I learned that only 1 percent of Australia's Coral Sea was protected ... only 45% of the world's reefs are considered healthy.”可推知，澳大利亚的海洋生命可能面临危险。

故选C。

3．Angus and the author created a little video to ________.
A．urge more people to take action to protect the marine species
B．inspire more people to explore the secret of the ocean
C．share their childhood experiences about the ocean
D．bring back to people their memory of ocean species
解析：选A 细节理解题。

根据最后一段第一句“Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be a part of the movement.”可知，拍摄视频是为了激励人们去采取行动保护海洋生物。

故选A。

B
(2017·长春高三质检)Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?
UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co­operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”．
Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.
Simard talks about “mother trees”， usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree
societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chanc es of survival for the entire forest.
“We didn't take any notice of it，” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them a chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树和树之间不是你死我活的竞争关系，而是相互依赖的互助关系。

快要死的树会将自己的营养传给小树让它们更好地成长。

如果人们知道这些现象，就可以更好地保护这些树。

4．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Old Trees Communicate Like Humans
B．Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection
C．Trees Are More Complex Than You Think
D．Trees Contribute To Our Society
解析：选C 标题归纳题。

根据第一段和第二段第一句并结合全文内容可知，文章介绍了树和树之间不是你死我活的竞争关系，而是相互依赖的互助关系。

快要死的树会将自己的营养传给小树让它们更好地成长，所以树木比我们想象的更复杂。

故答案选C。

5．We can learn from the passage that ________.
A．“mother trees” are usually of no use to other trees
B．Charles Darwin had the same thought as Simard
C．people know much about the complex “tree societies”
D．if “mother trees” are cut down, the survival for the entire forest will be affected
解析：选D 推理判断题。

根据第四段第三句“When humans cut down ‘mother trees’ with no awareness of these highly complex ‘tree societies’ or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.”可推断出，砍掉“母亲树”会影响整片森林的生存状况。

故答案选D。

6．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ________.
A．how trees grow old
B．how “tree societies” work
C．how forestry industry develops
D．how young trees survive
解析：选B 代词指代题。

画线词出现在第五段段首，所以应该到上一段段末寻找it所指代的内容。

上段最后一句指出，砍掉“母亲树”会影响整片森林的生存状况，由此可推断出，it指
的是“树的社会”是如何运转的。

故答案选B。

C
There was a time when a trip to the supermarket in the United States often ended with a seemingly simple question from the cashier：“Paper or plastic？” Well, which type of bag would you choose?
While all types of bags have some influence on the environment,
it has long been supposed that paper bags are kinder. They are made
from a renewable source, break down easily, burn without giving off
thick smoke and can be recycled. However, the producing process behind
paper bags uses more energy than that of plastic ones. How can this
be true?
Studies show that paper bag production requires four times as much energy as plastic bag production. And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher. Besides, the influence on forests is very serious. It takes about fourteen million trees to produce ten billion paper bags, which happens to be the number of bags used in the United States yearly. In terms of recycling, the idea that paper bags are more environment­friendly than plastic ones can be quickly discarded. Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it does paper.
Even though paper bags might be more harmful than plastic ones, plastic still seems to be considered by governments as the more harmful of the two. In Ireland, for example, a tax has been introduced to discourage the use of plastic bags. People have to pay 22 cents for every plastic bag, and as a result, their use has dropped quickly.
There's no doubt that it makes more sense to reuse these bags. However, we don't seem to be doing that at present. That may be because they fall apart quickly. If so, cloth bags are a better choice, but still, their production also has a bad influence on the environment. So what to do? How should we a nswer the question of “Paper or plastic？” It seems that we first need to ask ourselves one more general question: “What can I do to help the environment？”
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。

购物时应该选用纸袋还是塑料袋，还是其他更加环保的方式呢？本文主要就不同的购物袋的利弊进行了讨论。

7．The questions in Paragraph 1 are used to ________.
A．express the author's doubts
B．tell readers how to save money
C．introduce points for discussion
D．show the kindness of the cashier
解析：选C 推理判断题。

根据第一段内容可知，超市购物结束后，收银员会问你一个问题：要哪种购物袋？而第二段提到纸质购物袋的好处，接着提出质疑。

由此可推知，第一段的问题是为了引出下文讨论的话题。

故C项正确。

8．Compared with plastic bags, paper bags ________.
A．need more water to produce
B．require less energy to recycle
C．take more time to break down
D．have less influence on forests
解析：选A 细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“And the amount of water used to make them is twenty times higher.”可知，与塑料袋相比，生产纸质袋所需要的水量更多。

故A项正确。

9．The underlined word “discarded” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．A．shared B．given up
C．discussed D．put forward
解析：选B 词义猜测题。

根据下文“Research shows it requires about 98% less energy to recycle plastic than it d oes paper.”可知，就回收利用而言，纸袋比塑料袋更加环保这种观念显然是错误的，应该予以抛弃。

故画线词“discarded”应意为“抛弃，放弃”。

given up 意思与之更接近，符合语境。

故B项正确。

10．Which question does the author probably hope the cashier will ask?
A．Paper or cloth?
B．Paper or plastic?
C．A small bag or big one?
D．A new bag or your own one?
解析：选D 推理判断题。

根据最后两段内容可知，与纸袋相比，塑料袋依然被人们认为更有害，不管是选择纸袋还是塑料袋，危害都很大。

因此毫无疑问，重新使用这些袋子更有意义。

由此可知，作者很有可能希望收银员的问题是“用新袋子还是你自己的袋子”。

故D项正确。