Part A to C

■Income statement
Form of income statement P15
company
expense revenue
把教材中的报表与这个报表相比较：
I/S
Sales
xx
12*100
Cost
xx
10*100
Gross profit
xx
200
Expense
xx
8
Profit before tax xx
Contents
Part A Part B Part C
Part A
The context and purpose of financial reporting
Chapter 1 Introduction to accounting
■Introduction: We will begin by looking at the aim of
Sole traders: one owner , unlimited liability.
Partnerships: two or more owners, unlimited liability.
Limited liability companies: two or more owners, limited liability
Example:
If you want to sale clothes, the unit cost is $10, the transposition expense is $8, the unit price is $12, the amount is 100 units. Then:
Answer:
其中，Balance brought forward (or down) 是上期结转，又称 opening capital,简写为
:Bal b/f (or Bal b/d);
Balance carried forward capital是结转下期， 又称closing capital ,简写为:Bal c/f
Is not strictly in law
Partnershi 2 ≤ ≤
ps
number
unlimited No
Is not strictly in law
Limited liability Co.
two or more owners
limited Yes
Limited liability
4 Users` and stakeholders` needs
The use of double-entry and accounting systems ( C )
Preparing a trial balance ( E )
Recording transactio ns and events (D)
Preparing basic financial statements ( F )
■ Why their need financial statements?
■Those users and their needs
4.1 Why their need financial statements?
The objective of financial statements is to provide information about the financial position, performance and changes in financial position of an entity that is useful to a wide range of users in making economic decisions.
Accounting
Users
Table 1.3
注释：transaction ：仅仅指的是”economic events” 所以，会计处理的是：能用货币计量的经济事项！！！
2 Types of business entity
2.1 What is a business? Business of whatever size or
⊙ Providers of finance to the company The ability to pay the credit
4.2 Those users and their needs
⊙ The taxation authorities To know the tax
⊙ Employees of the company Company's financial situation
I/S
Sales xx
12*100
Cost xx
10*100
Gross profit xx
200
Other income xx 0
Expense xx
8
Net profit xx
192
(了解书中所说的其他几个观点）
2.2 :辨别：独立 法人
2.2 Types of business entity
1 The purpose of financial reporting
1.1What is financial reporting? Financial reporting is a way of recording, analysing and summarising financial data.
Chapter 17 to chapter 23 是一个单 元，主要讲述三种企业形式报表的 编制。
RELATIONAL DIAGRAM OF MAIN CAPABILITIES
The context and
purpose
of
financial reporting
(A)
The qualitative characteristics of financial information and the fundamental bases of accounting (B)
comply with local law or IASs
satisfy the internal and informatio external n needs users
⊙ Financial analysts and advisers
⊙ Government and their agencies
⊙ The public
5 Governance(公司治理)
The shareholder
s
Fiduciary(委托，受托）
auditor
The board
of directores
nature exit to make profit.
企业就是以盈利为目的的组织
Answer:
Business ＞ profit ＜loss
Cost Expenses
expenditure Revenue
Table 2.1
Key term : profit & loss ( revenue &expenditure)
■What is financial data?
■The relation of recording, analysing and summarising
Example: One company sales goods, the price is $100.
Answer:
Transaction: sales; financial data: $100; recording: sales day book; analyzing: DR: cash 100 CR: sales 100; summarsing: 在对应 的financial statements 中表达出 来，最终给users进行使用
元
收入
500+600=1100
成本
480+300=780 = 200
利润总额
120
所得税
净利润
■The advantages and disadvantages of operating as a limited liability company, sole trader or partnership.
3 Nature, principles and scope of financial reporting
3.1 Comparative table
nature princi aim addresse
ples
d to
financial accountin g
result and financial position
paper F3 To develop knowledge and understanding of the underlying principles and concepts relating to financial accounting and technical proficiency in the use of doubleentry accounting techniques including the preparation of basic financial statement .
4.2 Those users and their needs
⊙ Managers of the company Make planning and control
⊙Shareholders of the company To assess the performance
⊙ Trade contacts Suppliers: the ability to pay its debits; Customers: if it is a secure source of supply
Financial statements
6 The main elements of financial reports
■Statement of financial position (Balance sheet)
Asset = liabilities + capital or equity
Form of the balance sheet is “柱式结构”。
ACCA : Paper F3
Financial Accounting
Part A、B and C
Shandong Management University
About paper F3
1 What the paper is about? 2 What are the students expected
Advantages
Disadvantages
Table2.2
The business
The owners
If limited If separated Advantage
Liability legal
or disadv..
identity
Sole traders
one owner unlimited No
What is accounting?
Transactio n
Financial data 财务数据： Document resource
Recordin g 记录 Book of prime entry
Analyzing 分析
Post
to
ledger
accounts
Summering 汇总 Financial reporting
192
(Net profit)
The income tax
(rate:15%)
xx
28.8
Net profit
xx
163.2
6.3 Purpose of financial statements
Summaries of accumulated data
The statement of financial position and the income statement Form the basis of the accounts of most businesses.
to do? 3 The content and the relational.
The contents
Chapter1 to chapter 6 是一个单元， 主要讲述会计处理的流程
Chapter 7 to chapter 13 是一个单元， 主要讲述具体业务的处理
Chapter 14 to chapter 17 是一个单 元，主要讲述失算平衡及会计处理 过程中错误的更正。