2021高考英语一轮选练习题Unit3Inventorsandinventions(含解析)新人教版

2021高考英语一轮选练习题
Unit3Inventorsandinventions（含解析）新人教版
选修8
李仕才
Ⅰ.阅读明白得
Oliver and the Seawigs
by Philip Reeve
Published by OUP Press
ISBN: 978-0-192-73455-6
Oliver grew up in a family of explorers—but his biggest adventure is about to begin! Along with his new friends, Oliver goes off to look for his missing parents.
I really like this book because it’s not one of those short stories that are over too quickly, but a longish book that takes time to read. I recommend this book and give it 5 stars.
Ginny, age 8
Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story
by Anne Lavis
Published by A H Stockwell
ISBN: 978-0-722-34327-2
Lady Lydia is old and eccentric (惊奇的), but she is never lonely. She shares her home with bats and mice and spiders, and all the animals round about are her friends too. My lovely daughter Alice likes all the pictures of the animals in this book, but she doesn’t like it when the pages have lots of writing on with no pictures. Alice rates this book 2 out of 5.
Alice, age 4
I Am a Woolly Hat (EARLY READER)
by Salma Koraytem
Published by Orion Books
ISBN: 978-1-444-00844-9
Early Readers are stepping stones from picture books to reading books. A blue Early
Reader is perfect for sharing and reading together.
This book makes my sweetheart Lucie feel lovely inside and the drawing are not as good because the colors are not bright like other books. Lucie rates this book 3 out of 5.
Lucie, age 4
A Royal Fairytale
by Ink Robin
Published by Egmont
ISBN: 978-1-405-26843-1
See Kate and Will’s romance develop from their studying days at Edinburgh through to their happy wedding at Buckingham Palace with the royal family, even the queen, in tow.
My little angel Amy likes the book. The best parts are the wedding and fireworks as she likes fireworks and the colors on the page are really bright. Amy rates it 4 out of 5.
Amy, age 4
1.Which book might an animal lover prefer?
A. A Royal Fairytale.
B. Oliver and the Seawigs.
C. Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story.
D. I Am a Woolly Hat (EARLY READER).
2.Who likes bright colors?
A. Ginny and Alice.
B. Lucie and Amy.
C. Ginny and Amy.
D. Alice and Lucie.
3.Whose book shows romance and happiness?
A. Philip Reeve.
B. Anne Lavis.
C. Salma Koraytem.
D. Ink Robin.
【文章大意】这篇文章为读者举荐了一些书。

1.C 【解析】细节明白得题。

由Lady Lydia is old and eccentric (惊奇的), but she is
never lonely. She shares her home with bats and mice and spiders, and all the
animals round about are her friends too.可知一位动物爱好者更喜爱阅读Lady Lydia: Read Me a Story.选C。

3.D 【解析】细节明白得题。

由See Kate and Will’s romance develop from their studying
days at Edinburgh through to their happy wedding at Buckingham Palace with the royal family, even the queen, in tow.可知Ink Robin的书表现了欢乐和浪漫，选D。

二、完形填空
I'm sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart.
A woman is running, in circles trying to gather family members together for a __1__. When the final moment comes before __2__， she wraps her arms around her son, giving him a __3__ hug that should protect him until he __4__.
I sit with a book in my hands, waiting my turn to leave __5__ because the ones I love have a different __6__ from mine.
I think of other departures and arrivals. I __7__ seeing my daughter. I wrapped myself around her as if she'd been __8__. That year she was in her first year at university, coming home for the first time.
Today my flight is two hours late. When my flight is __9__ called, I gather my book and luggage. __10__ there is no one to see me off, I do not __11__ to see where I have come from. __12__， I think of my husband at work __13__ if I have left yet.
As I head towards the plane, I find myself __14__ yet another arrival and departure. That year, my 91­year­old grandfather died. After retu rning from his funeral, I arrived at the airport __15__. My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms. Because of my tears, __16__ was looking at us, but I didn't __17__.
Life needs the important __18__ all the time. I wish that all the people who went on a __19__ could come back to find someone __20__ them. I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off.
【文章大意】作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和夫君的温馨往事，意识到人一辈子中需要团圆与离别这些重要的时刻。

1．A.lecture B．goodbye
C．dinner D．party
答案与解析：B'结合上文中显现的“arrive or depart”和下文中的“the final moment”可知，空处应该是一个辞别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。

2．A.gathering B．boarding
C．announcing D．landing
答案与解析：B'依照语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。

3．A.powerful B．gentle
C．warm D．common
答案与解析：A'结合下文中的“protect him”可知，母亲在亲小孩登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。

gentle“温柔的”；warm“温顺的”；common“共同的，普遍的”。

4．A.leaves B．survives
C．returns D．recovers
答案与解析：C'依照语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了亲小孩一个强有力的拥抱，自然是希望亲小孩能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。

leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰巨渡过”；recover“复原”。

5．A.frightened B．anxious
C．relaxed D．alone
答案与解析：D'依照空后的“... because the ones I love have a different '6' from mine.”和下文中的“there is no one to see me off”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，因此选D。

frightened“可怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，期望的”；relaxed“放松的”。

6．A.schedule B．attitude
C．position D．target
答案与解析：A'依照语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。

schedule“日程安排，打算表”符合语境，故选A。

7．A.imagine B．enjoy
C．recall D．consider
答案与解析：C'结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，因此选C项。

8．A.stolen B．cheated
C．lost D．punished
答案与解析：C'依照语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，看起来她走失了专门久。

lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境。

故选C。

9．A.punctually B．finally
C．abruptly D．repeatedly
答案与解析：B'结合语境可知，作者等待专门久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。

punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。

10．A.Although B．While
C．Till D．Since
答案与解析：D'依照语境可知，“'10'there is no one to see me off”和“I do not '11' to see where I have come from”是因果关系，因此空处应用Since“因为，既然”。

11．A.slow down B．get off
C．look back D．run away
答案与解析：C'既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(look back)。

slow down“放慢，减速”；ge t off“下车，离开”；run away“突然离开，逃离”。

12．A.However B．Besides
C．Instead D．Therefore
答案与解析：C'结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的夫君不明白作者是否差不多离开。

故选C项。

13．A.doubting B．asking
C．predicting D．wondering
答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。

wonder if...“不明白是否……”符合语境，故选D。

14．A.remembering B．forgetting
C．planning D．rejecting
答案与解析：A'结合语境可知，作者发觉自己记得(remembering)另一件往常的迎接与送行，故选A。

15．A.shouting B．crying
C．laughing D．whispering
答案与解析：B'结合下文中的“Because of my tears”可知，此处应用crying。

shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”；whisper“低语，悄声说”。

16．A.someone B．everyone
C．none D．anyone
答案与解析：B'此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的夫君。

故选B。

17．A.care B．respond
C．scold D．flee
答案与解析：A'尽管大伙儿都在看，然而作者并不在意(care)，故选A。

respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“斥责，责骂”；flee“逃离”。

18．A.arrival B．chance
C．departure D．moment
答案与解析：D'依照语境可知，人一辈子中一直需要如此重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。

arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。

19．A.journey B．diet
C．picnic D．holiday
答案与解析：A'依照语境可知，作者期望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waiting for)他们。

故选A。

20．A.worrying about B．smiling at
C．talking of D．waiting for
答案与解析：D'参见上题解析。

三、七选五
The book A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It by Deborah Cohen, a senior natural scientist, is very popular now. 1 But according to this book, the following are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.
1. If you’re obese, blame your genes.
2 Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubled — too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible. At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.
2. If y ou’re obese, you lack self-control.
Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet. 3 Even the most vigilant(警觉的) people may not be good controllers of themselves.
3. 4
Although the US Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 percent of Americans live in the ＂food deserts＂, about 65 percent of the nation’s population is obese. For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.
4. The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we don’t exercise.
Michelle Obama’s ＂Let’s Move＂ campaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease. 5 In fact, although a drop in work-related physical activity may explain up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.
A. Lack of access to fresh fruits and vegetables is a cause of obesity.
B. Obesity rates have increased.
C. Fresh fruits and vegetables we choose in a supermarket are related to obesity.
D. But there was no obvious decrease in physical activity levels as obesity rates
climbed in the 1980s and 1990s.
E. People hold different views on obesity.
F. People benefit a lot from physical activities.
G. Our world has become so rich in food that we can be led to consume too much
in ways we can’t understand.
【语篇解读】肥胖是现代社会的要紧问题之一。

Deborah Cohen 的A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind Obesity and How We Can End It一书中，作者介绍了人们对肥胖问题的几种误解。

1.E 【解析】依照下句由转折意义的内容＂But according to this book, the following
are some misunderstandings of obesity or being overweight.＂（但该书认为下面几点是关于肥胖的几点误解）可知，人们对肥胖问题观点不一，故E项正确。

2.B 【解析】依照下句内容＂Yet, between 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who
are obese has doubled —too quickly for genetic factors to be responsible.＂（然而，在1980年到2000年，美国肥胖的人数就翻了一番。

该速度太快，可见肥胖并非遗传因素所致）可知，此处表示＂肥胖比例有所增加，故B项正确。

3.G 【解析】依照上句＂Research shows that if we are faced with too much information,
we have a tendency to make poor choices on diet.＂（研究说明，假如我们面临太多信息，我们专门可能会就节食作出糟糕的选择）可知，该句应表示＂我们现在的食物如此丰富以致于我们会被引导以自己难以想象的方式去消耗食物＂，故选G 项。

5.D 【解析】依照下句＂although a drop in work-related physical activity may explain
up to 100 fewer calories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.＂（尽管跟工作相关的体力活动减少导致人们少燃烧多达100卡路里，但休闲体力活动看起来有所增加）可知，在二十世纪八十年代和九十年代，人们的体力活动并未明显减少，故选D 项。

四、短文改错
The day before Mother's Day ，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers were what most students would do.However ，I wanted to do something differently.As then I lived in school and couldn't go back home on Mother's Day ，so I decided to call her and sent her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions ，what were very useful ，and I read it carefully.When I called my mother ，however ，I had the feel that someone else's words would have no meaning to her.So I gave in and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to all she had done for me.
【答案】
The day before Mother's Day ，everybody around me was talking about what was ∧the
most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers were was
what most students would do.However ，I wanted to do something differently different
.As then I lived in school and couldn't go back home on Mother's Day ，﹨s o I decided to call her and sent send
her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions ，what which
were very useful ，and I read it them carefully.When I called my mother ，however ，I had the feel feeling
that
someone else's words would have no meaning to her.So I gave in up
and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to for
all she had done for me. 第一处：most 前加the 。

考查冠词。

母亲节前一天，我周围的所有人都在谈论什么是他们将为母亲买的最合适的礼物。

依照句意可知，此处为形容词的最高级，故在most 前加the 。

第二处：were→was。

考查主谓一致。

动名词短语Buying flowers 作主语时谓语动词需用单数形式，故将were 改为was 。

第三处：differently→different。

考查形容词。

修饰不定代词something 需用形容词。

注意：different 在此作后置定语。

第四处：去掉so 。

考查连词。

as“因为”，引导缘故状语从句，故后面的so 余外。

第五处：sent→send。

考查动词。

and 连接的不是并列的谓语动词，而是不定式，第二个不定式前的to 承前省略了。

第六处：what→which。

考查定语从句。

先行词为suggestions ，非限制性定语从句缺主语，故用关系代词which 引导。

注意：what 不可引导定语从句。

第七处：it→them。

考查代词。

指代前面的suggestions ，需用复数代词them 。

第八处：feel→feeling。

考查名词。

feel 作名词表示“触觉，印象”，而feeling 作名词表示“方法，意见，感受”，明显此处要用feeling 。

第九处：in→up。

考查动词短语。

give in 是“让步，屈服”的意思，与语义不符。

give up 意为“舍弃”，符合语境要求。

第十处：to→for。

考查介词。

此处表示我感谢妈妈为我做过的一切。

thank sb.for sth.“为某事感谢某人”为固定用法。