2021年翻译资格《笔译实务》英译汉习题及答案(卷一)

2021年翻译资格《笔译实务》英译汉习题及答案（卷一）
Old people in Widou Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees that you couldn’t see the sky. Now, miles of reddish-brown sand surround this village in northwestern Senegal, dotted with occasional bushes and trees. Dried animal dung is scattered everywhere, but hardly any dried grass is.
Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance, said Gilles Boetsch, an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegalese researchers in the region. “The local Peul people are herders, often nomadic. But the pressure of the herds on the land has become too great,”Mr. Boetsch said in an interview. “The vegetation can’t regenerate itself.”
Since 2008, however, Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert. Each year it has planted some two million seedling trees along a 545-kilometer, or 340-mile, ribbon of land that is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project, the Great Green Wall. First proposed in 2005, the program links Senegal and 10 other Saharan states in an alliance to plant a 15 kilometer-wide, 7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the desert. While many countries have still to start on their sections of the barrier, Senegal has taken the lead, with the creation of a National Agency for the Great Green Wall.
“This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable. We want to make it possible for people to continue to live here,”Col. Pap Sarr, the agency’s technical director, said in an interview here. Colonel Sarr has forged working alliances between Senegalese researchers and the French team headed by Mr. Boetsch, in fields as varied as soil microbiology, ecology, medicine and anthropology. “In Senegal we hope to experiment with different ways of doing things that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,”the colonel said. Each year since 2008, from May to June, about 400 people are employed in eight nurseries, choosing and overseeing germination of seeds and tending the seedlings until they are ready for planting. In August, 1,000 people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings, about 2 million plants, allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long, dry season sets in.
After their first dry season, the saplings look dead, brown twigs sticking out of holes in the ground, but 80 percent survive. Six years on, trees planted in 2008 are up to three meters, or 10 feet, tall. So far, 30,000 hectares, or about 75,000 acres, have been planted, including 4,000 hectares this summer. There are already discernible impacts on the microclimate, said Jean-Luc Peiry, a physical geography professor at the UniversitéBlaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, France, who has placed 30 sensors to record temperatures in some planted parcels.
“Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have an important impact on temperature,”Professor Peiry said in an interview. “The transpiration of the trees creates a microclimate that moderates daily temperature extremes.”“The trees also have an important role in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind, reducing the dust, and acting like a large rough doormat, halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,”he added. Wildlife is responding to the changes. “Migratory birds are reappearing,”Mr. Boetsch said.
The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in 1954, before Senegal achieved its independence from France in 1960. The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals, tree nurseries and gardens where fruit and vegetables are grown.
健康是促进人的全面发展的必要求。

提高人民健康水平，实现病有所医的理想，是人类社会的共同追求。

在中国这个有着13亿多人口的发展中大国，医疗卫生关系亿万人民健康，是一个重大民生问题。

中国高度重视保护和增进人民健康。

宪法规定，国家发展医疗卫生事业，发展现代医药和传统医药，保护人民健康。

多年来，中国坚持“以农村为重点，预防为主，中西医并重，依靠科技与教育，动员全社会参与，为人民健康服务，为社会主义现代化建设服务”的卫生工作方针，努力发展具有中国特色的医疗卫生事业。

经过不懈努力，覆盖城乡的医疗卫生服务体系基本形成，疾病防治能力不断增强，医疗保障覆盖人口逐步扩大，卫生科技水平日益提高，居民健康水平明显改善。

随着中国工业化、城市化进程和人口老龄化趋势的加快，居民健康面临着传染病和慢性病的双重威胁，公众对医疗卫生服务的需求日益提高。

与此同时，中国卫生资源特别是优质资源短缺、分布不均衡的矛盾依然存在，医疗卫生事业改革与发展的任务十分艰巨。

It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.
The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.
Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds of thousands of dollars. “It all traced back to this one word,”says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn't reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. “Things spiralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”
When such misunderstandings happen, it’s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language,
according to Chong.
A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world’s global language. They feel they don’t have to spend time learning another language,”says Chong.
The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.
“The native English speaker…is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,”she adds.
With non-native English speakers in the majority worldwide, it’s Anglophones who may need to up their game.
“Native speakers are at a disadvantage when you are in a lingua franca situation,”where English is being used as a common denominator, says Jennifer Jenkins, professor of global Englishes at the UK’s University of Southampton. “It’s the native English speakers that are having difficulty understanding and making themselves understood.”
Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there’s cultural style, Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying, “That’s interesting” a fellow Brit might recognise this as
understatement for, “That’s rubbish.”But other nationalities would take the word “interesting”on face value, he says.
“English speakers with no other language often have a lack of awareness of how to speak English internationally.”
In Berlin, Coulter saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via video link. Despite being competent in English, the Germans gleaned only the gist of what their American project leader said. So among themselves they came up with an agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intended by the California staff.
“Too many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not ‘losing face’—and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all,”he says.
That’s why Nerriere devised Globish —a distilled form of English, stripped down to 1,500 words and simple but standard grammar. “It’s not a language, it’s a tool,”he says. Since launching Globish in 2004 he’s sold more than 200,000 Globish text books in 18 languages.
“If you can communicate efficiently with limited, simple language you save time, avoid misinterpretation and you don’t have errors in communication,”Nerriere says.
When trying to communicate in English with a group of people with varying levels of fluency, it’s important to be receptive and adaptable,
tuning your ears into a whole range of different ways of using English, Jenkins says.
“People who’ve learned other languages are good at doing that, but native speakers of English generally are monolingual and not very good at tuning in to language variation,”she says.
In meetings, Anglophones tend to speed along at what they consider a normal pace, and also rush to fill gaps in conversation, according to Steggles.
He recommends making the same point in a couple of different ways and asking for some acknowledgement, reaction or action.
气候变化已不是单纯的环境保护问题，而成为人类生存与发展问题。

中国需要改变以煤为主的能源结构和高污染、高能耗的产业结构，以治理环境和应对全球气候变化。

同时，积极应对气候变化也是中国参与全球治理的责任，也是实现可持续发展的迫切需要。

中国作为世界最大的发展中国家，需要积极推动经济与能源的转型，以推动全球可持续发展。

长期以来，中国高度重视气候变化问题，把积极应对气候变化作为国家经济社会发展的重大战略，把绿色低碳发展作为生态文明建设的重要内容，采取了一系列行动，为应对全球气候变化做出了重要贡献。

到2020年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40%-45%，非化石能源占一次能源消费总量的比重达到15% ，森林
面积比2005年增加4000万公顷，森林蓄积量2005年增加13亿立方米。

中国还将在农业、林业、水资源等重点领域和城市、沿海、生态脆弱地区形成有效抵御气候变化风险的机制，提高抵抗能力。

All Luciano Faggiano wanted when he purchased the seemingly unremarkable building at 56 Via Ascanio Grandi, was to open a restaurant. The only problem was the toilet. Sewage kept backing up. So Mr. Faggiano enlisted his two older sons to help him dig a trench and investigate. He predicted the job would take about a week. “We found underground corridors and other rooms, so we kept digging,”said Mr. Faggiano, 60. His search for a sewage pipe, which began in 2000, became one family’s tale of discovery.
Lecce was once a critical crossroads in the Mediterranean. Severo Martini, a member of the City Council, said archaeological relics turn up on a regular basis —and can present a headache for urban planning. A project to build a shopping mall had to be redesigned after the discovery of an ancient Roman temple beneath the site of a planned parking lot.
One week quickly passed, as father and sons discovered a tomb of the Messapians, who lived in the region centuries before the birth of Jesus. Soon, the family discovered a chamber used to store grain by the ancient Romans.
If this history only later became clear, what was immediately
obvious was that finding the pipe would be a much bigger project than Mr. Faggiano had anticipated. He did not initially tell his wife about the extent of the work. He tied a rope around the chest of his youngest son, Davide, then 12, and lowered him to dig in small, darkened openings. “I made sure to tell him not to tell his mama,”he said. His wife, Anna Maria Sanò, soon became suspicious. “We had all these dirty clothes, every day,”she said. “I didn’t understand what was going on.”
After watching the Faggiano men haul away debris in the back seat of the family car, neighbors also became suspicious and notified the authorities. Investigators arrived and shut down the excavations, warning Mr. Faggiano against operating an unapproved archaeological work site. Mr. Faggiano responded that he was just looking for a sewage pipe.
A year passed. Finally, Mr. Faggiano was allowed to resume his pursuit of the sewage pipe on condition that heritage officials observed the work. An underground treasure house emerged, as the family uncovered ancient vases, Roman devotional bottles, an ancient ring with Christian symbols, medieval artifacts, hidden frescoes and more. Today, the building is Museum Faggiano, an independent archaeological museum authorized by the Lecce government.
Mr. Faggiano is now satisfied with his museum, but he has not forgotten about the restaurant. A few years into his excavation, he finally found his sewage pipe. It was, indeed, broken. He has since bought
another building and is again planning for a restaurant, assuming it does not need any renovations. “I still want it,”he said of the restaurant. “I’m very stubborn.”
Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)
Translate the following passage into English.
本研究院成立于1968年2月20日。

隶属中国航天科技集团公司。

经过40年的发展，已成为中国主要的空间技术及产品研制基地，是中国空间事业最具实力的骨干力量。

主要从事空间技术开发，航天器研制，空间领域对外技术交流和合作，航天技术应用等服务。

还参与制定国家空间技术发展规划，研究有关探索、开发、利用外层空间的技术途径，承接用户需求的各类航天器和地面应用设备的研制业务并提供相应的服务。

本研究院下设研究机构，卫星制造厂等，拥有一家上市公司和多家全资子公司，建立了多个国家重点实验室和一家以研究生培养，员工培训，客户培训为中心任务的学院，形成了七个产业基地，拥有空间飞行器总体设计，分系统研制生产，卫星总装测试，环境试验，地面设备制造及卫星应用，服务保障等配套完整的研制生产体系。

本研究院拥有员工一万余人，其中包括8名两院院士，12名国家突出贡献专家和1700多名高级专业技术人才。

本研究院已与10多个国家和地区的宇航公司及空间研究机构建立了广泛联系。

重阳节，由于它是在中国农历九月初九这一天，所以又被称为重九节，至今有约两千年的历史。

在中国古代，重阳节是一个重要的节日，这一天要举行各种庆祝活动，如:登高、赏菊(chrysanthemum )、插茱萸(cornel)、吃重阳糕等。

登髙是重阳节的主要习俗。

古人认为，在这一天登高可以避祸免灾。

近年来，这个古老的节日被赋予新的含义，逐渐成为开展各种敬老活动、一年一度的“老年节”。

参考翻译:
Chongyang Festival，falls on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, because of which，it is also named as the Double-ninth Festival, which has a history of some 2,000 years.
As an important festival in ancient China, Chongyang Festival was celebrated by holding various activities, such as climbing mountains, appreciating chrysanthemums, wearing cornel and eating Chongyangcakes.
Climbing mountains is a major custom in Chongyang Festival. Ancient people thought climbing mountains on this day could help them avoid misfortune and prevent disasters.
Inrecent years, a new meaning has been given to the old festival，and it gradually becomes an annual Seniors’Day, on which various activities are held in honor of senior people.
岁月悠悠，沧桑巨变。

历史是最生动的教材。

法西斯发动的侵略战争给人类带来了浩劫，也教育了世界人民。

世界人民赢得了战争的胜利，赢得了和平与进步。

半个世纪过去了，痛苦的回忆，胜利的喜悦，
深深的思考，使人们更加清醒。

历史证明，和平来之不易。

世界大战的悲剧绝不能重演。

必须经常保持高度警惕，不断发展和壮大和平力量，遏制和消除导致战争的一切因素。

历史表明，人民终究是自己命运的主人，是社会前进的推动者。

凡是正义的和进步的事业必要胜利，这是任何力量也扼杀不了和阻挡不住的。

参考答案：
As time moves on everything changes in the world. History is indeedthe most vivid textbook. War of aggression launched by fascists has broughtscourges to mankind but also enlightened people throughout the world.People have not only won the war but also achieved peace and progress. Halfa century later the painful memories joy of victory and soul-searchingpondering have made people more sober-minded. History has demonstrated that peace has not come about easily. Thetragedy of a world war shall never be allowed to repeat itself. One mustalways maintain sharp vigilance develop and strengthen forces for peace andcheck and eliminate all factors leading to war. History has demonstrated that people are in the end masters of theirdestiny and powerful forces promoting social progress. Anything that is justand progressive is bound to win and cannot be smothered or stopped by anyforce.
Old people in Widou Thiengoly say they can remember when there were so many trees that you couldn’t see the sky. Now, miles of
reddish-brown sand surround this village in northwestern Senegal, dotted with occasional bushes and trees. Dried animal dung is scattered everywhere, but hardly any dried grass is.
Overgrazing and climate change are the major causes of the Sahara’s advance, said Gilles Boetsch, an anthropologist who directs a team of French scientists working with Senegalese researchers in the region. “The local Peul people are herders, often nomadic. But the pressure of the herds on the land has become too great,”Mr. Boetsch said in an interview. “The vegetation can’t regenerate itself.”
Since 2008, however, Senegal has been fighting back against the encroaching desert. Each year it has planted some two million seedling trees along a 545-kilometer, or 340-mile, ribbon of land that is the country’s segment of a major pan-African regeneration project, the Great Green Wall. First proposed in 2005, the program links Senegal and 10 other Saharan states in an alliance to plant a 15 kilometer-wide, 7,100-kilometer-long green belt to fend off the desert. While many countries have still to start on their sections of the barrier, Senegal has taken the lead, with the creation of a National Agency for the Great Green Wall.
“This semi-arid region is becoming less and less habitable. We want to make it possible for people to continue to live here,”Col. Pap Sarr, the agency’s technical director, said in an interview here. Colonel Sarr
has forged working alliances between Senegalese researchers and the French team headed by Mr. Boetsch, in fields as varied as soil microbiology, ecology, medicine and anthropology. “In Senegal we hope to experiment with different ways of doing things that will benefit the other countries as they become more active,”the colonel said. Each year since 2008, from May to June, about 400 people are employed in eight nurseries, choosing and overseeing germination of seeds and tending the seedlings until they are ready for planting. In August, 1,000 people are mobilized to plant out rows of seedlings, about 2 million plants, allowing them a full two months of the rainy season to take root before the long, dry season sets in.
After their first dry season, the saplings look dead, brown twigs sticking out of holes in the ground, but 80 percent survive. Six years on, trees planted in 2008 are up to three meters, or 10 feet, tall. So far, 30,000 hectares, or about 75,000 acres, have been planted, including 4,000 hectares this summer. There are already discernible impacts on the microclimate, said Jean-Luc Peiry, a physical geography professor at the UniversitéBlaise Pascal in Clermont-Ferrand, France, who has placed 30 sensors to record temperatures in some planted parcels.
“Preliminary results show that clumps of four to eight small trees can have an important impact on temperature,”Professor Peiry said in an interview. “The transpiration of the trees creates a microclimate that
moderates daily temperature extremes.”“The trees also have an important role in slowing the soil erosion caused by the wind, reducing the dust, and acting like a large rough doormat, halting the sand-laden winds from the Sahara,”he added. Wildlife is responding to the changes. “Migratory birds are reappearing,”Mr. Boetsch said.
The project uses eight groundwater pumping stations built in 1954, before Senegal achieved its independence from France in 1960. The pumps fill giant basins that provide water for animals, tree nurseries and gardens where fruit and vegetables are grown.
健康是促进人的全面发展的必要求。

提高人民健康水平，实现病有所医的理想，是人类社会的共同追求。

在中国这个有着13亿多人口的发展中大国，医疗卫生关系亿万人民健康，是一个重大民生问题。

中国高度重视保护和增进人民健康。

宪法规定，国家发展医疗卫生事业，发展现代医药和传统医药，保护人民健康。

多年来，中国坚持“以农村为重点，预防为主，中西医并重，依靠科技与教育，动员全社会参与，为人民健康服务，为社会主义现代化建设服务”的卫生工作方针，努力发展具有中国特色的医疗卫生事业。

经过不懈努力，覆盖城乡的医疗卫生服务体系基本形成，疾病防治能力不断增强，医疗保障覆盖人口逐步扩大，卫生科技水平日益提高，居民健康水平明显改善。

随着中国工业化、城市化进程和人口老龄化趋势的加快，居民健康面临着传染病和慢性病的双重威胁，公众对医疗卫生服务的需求日益提高。

与此同时，中国卫生资源特别是优质资源短缺、分布不均衡的矛盾依然存在，医疗卫生事业改革与发展的任务十分艰巨。

Harper Lee was an ordinary woman as stunned as anybody by the extraordinary success of “To Kill a Mockingbird.”
“It was like being hit over the head and knocked cold,”Lee —who died Friday at age 89，said during a 1964 interview. “I didn’t expect the book to sell in the first place. I was hoping for a quick and merciful death at the hands of reviewers but at the same time I sort of hoped that maybe someone would like it enough to give me encouragement.”
“To Kill a Mockingbird”may not be the Great American Novel. But it’s likely the most universally known work of fiction by an American author over the past 70 years, Lee was cited for her subtle, graceful style and gift for explaining the world through a child’s eye, but the secret to the novel’s ongoing appeal was also in how many books this single book contained.
“To Kill a Mockingbird”was a coming-of-age story, a courtroom thriller, a Southern novel, a period piece, a drama about class, and —of course —a drama of race.”All I want to be is the Jane Austen of South Alabama,”she once observed. The story of Lee is essentially the story of her book, and how she responded to it. She was a warm, vibrant and
witty woman who played golf, fished, ate at McDonald’s, fed ducks by tossing seed corn out of a Cool Whip tub, read voraciously, and got about to plays and concerts. She just didn’t want to talk about it before an audience.
“To Kill a Mockingbird”was an instant and ongoing hit, published in 1960, as the civil rights movement was accelerating. It’s the story of a girl nicknamed Scout growing up in a Depression-era Southern town. A black man has been wrongly accused of raping a white woman, and Scout’s father, the resolute lawyer, defends him despite threats and the scorn of many. Praised by The New Yorker as “skilled, unpretentious, and totally ingenious,”the book won the Pulitzer Prize and was made into a memorable movie in 1962.
“Mockingbird”inspired a generation of young lawyers and social workers, was assigned in high schools all over the country and was a popular choice for citywide, or nationwide, reading programs, although it was also occasionally removed from shelves for its racial content and references to rape. By 2015, sales topped 40 million copies.
When the Library of Congress did a survey in 1991 on books that have affected people’s lives, “To Kill a Mockingbird”was second only to the Bible. Lee herself became more elusive to the public as her book became more famous. At first, she dutifully promoted her work. She spoke frequently to the press, wrote about herself and gave speeches,
once to a class of cadets at West Point.But she began declining interviews in the mid-1960s and, until late in her life, firmly avoided making any public comment about her novel or her career.
Her novel, while hugely popular, was not ranked by many scholars in the same category as the work of other Southern authors Decades after its publication, little was written about it in scholarly journals. Some critics have called the book naive and sentimental, whether dismissing the Ku Klux Klan as a minor nuisance or advocating change through personal persuasion rather than collective action.
Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)
Translate the following passage into English.
本公司是一家大型国有房地产上市公司，国家一级房地产开发资质企业，连续五年荣膺中国房地产行业领导公司品牌。

2006年7月，公司股票在上海证券交易所上市，截止至2014年底，公司总资产破3600亿元，实现签约金额1366.76亿元。

本公司成立于1992年，经过十年扎实发展，2002年成功完成股份制改造，遂开始实施全国化战略，加强专业化运作，连续实现跨越式发展。

目前，公司已完成以广州、北京、上海为中心，覆盖57个城市的全国化战略布局，拥有292家控股子公司，业务拓展到房地产开发、建筑设计、工程施工、物业管理、销售代理以及商业会展、酒店经营等相关行业。

本公司坚持以四大产品为主，适度发展持有经营性物业。

在住宅
开发方面，逐渐形成了四大产品系列，多元化优质住宅物业的先进创新格局，覆盖中高端住宅、公寓、别墅多种物业形态。

商业物业囊括商业写字楼、高端休闲地产、星级酒店、商贸会展、购物中心、城市综合体等，具备多品类物业综合开发的实力。

For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”
But recently, fear has settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.
As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.
“There are a lot of people worried,”said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.
But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to
meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.
For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.
The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.
“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,”said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants.
For many here, coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.
But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change —if not now, soon.
Pete Palacios, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first
mining job. He was 12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, so I’ll be fine. But these young guys?”Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.
Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)
Translate the following passage into English.
天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通往两广、江浙的重要门户。

素有“黔东第一关”、“中国重晶石之乡”、“贵州高原黄金县”之称。

天柱县总面积2201 平方千米，辖16 个乡镇，326 个行政村，总人口41 万余人，以侗，苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%，是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之一。

天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源，气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地，素有“黔东粮仓”的美誉。

当地年产烟叶 2.6 万担，是中国烟叶主产区。

这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185 万亩，覆盖率达56%，是贵州十林业基地之一。

重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源丰富。

天柱乘西部大开发的东风，迅速崛起。

全县国民经济稳步发展，综合实力日益增长，人民生活水平不断提高，产业结构调整日益优化，基础设施建设加强，城镇面貌日新月异。

“生态环境优美，综合服务优越，人居条件优良，经济充满活力”的新天柱呈现在世人面前。

Ireland is a sovereign state in western Europe, occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, whose metropolitan area is home to around a quarter of the country’s 4.6 million inhabitants. The state shares its only land border with
Northern Ireland. It is a unitary, parliamentary republic with an elected president serving as head of state. The head of government is nominated by the lower house of parliament.
Following the Irish War of Independence and the subsequent Anglo-Irish Treaty, Ireland gained independence from the United Kingdom in 1922. Initially a dominion, Ireland received official British recognition of full legislative independence in the Statute of Westminster of 1931. A new constitution was adopted in 1937, by which the name of the state became “Ireland.”In 1949, Ireland was declared a republic under the Republic of Ireland act 1948.
Ireland ranks among the wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita. In 1973, Ireland enacted a series of liberal economic policies that resulted in rapid economic growth, coupled with a dramatic rise in inequality. The country achieved considerable prosperity from 1995 to 2007. This was halted by an unprecedented financial crisis that began in 2008, in conjunction with the concurrent global economic crash.
In 2011 and 2013 Ireland was ranked as the seventh-most developed country in the world by the United Nations Human Development Index.[14] It also performs well in several metrics of national performance, including freedom of the press, economic freedom and civil liberties. It pursues a policy of neutrality through
non-alignment.
The population of Ireland stood at 4,588,252 in 2011, an increase of 8.2% since 2006. As of 2011, Ireland had the highest birth rate in the European Union (16 births per 1,000 of population. In 2012, 35.1% of births were to unmarried women. Annual population growth rates exceeded 2% during the 2002-2006 period, which was attributed to high rates of natural increase and immigration. This rate declined somewhat during the subsequent 2006-2011 period, with an average growth rate of 1.6%.
Ireland ranks fifth in the world in terms of gender equality. In 2011, Ireland was ranked the most charitable country in Europe, and second most charitable in the world. Contraception was controlled in Ireland until 1979; however, the receding influence of the Catholic Church has led to an increasingly secularized society. In 1983, the Eighth Amendment recognized “the right to life of the unborn”, subject to qualifications concerning the “equal right to life”of the mother. The passage of the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments, guaranteeing the right to have an abortion performed abroad, and the right to learn about “services”that are illegal in Ireland but legal abroad. The prohibition on divorce in the 1937 Constitution was repealed in 1995 under the Fifteenth Amendment. Divorce rates in Ireland are very low compared to European Union averages while the marriage rate in Ireland。