外研版高一英语必修1_Module2_考点剖析-介词与关系词的搭配常考点

Module2 考点剖析-介词与关系词的搭配常考点
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句中较复杂的一种。

这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which，whom, whose,它们既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。

1.注意介词的选取。

(1)根据介词和定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配。

Who is the man with whom you just shook hands?
刚才和你握手的那个人是谁？
(2) 根据定语从句意思的需要，不但要注意其前的搭配，也要注意其后的搭配。

(3) 根据意思也可用复合介词。

如:by means of，in front of, in the back of, all of, most of, the taller of，none of 等。

There are forty students in the classroom, all of whom are working hard at a difficult problem in mathematics.教室里有四十个学生，他们都在努力计算着一道数学难题。

2. 注意关系代词的选取。

在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，如果关系代词指代事物就用which;指代人则用whom;若表示“……的”则用whose。

3.注意关系代词的可替换性。

(1) 介词in，on，at，for等与关系代词which—起引导定语从句时,可与相关的关系副词when, where, why等替换。

America is the country in which George Washington.
美国是乔治.华盛顿出生的国家。

（in which 替换）
(2)“名词+ of +关系代词”引导定语从句时，可与“whose+名词”替换。

She lives in the house the windows of which face to the east.
她住在一栋窗户朝东的房子里。

（the windows of…用whose windows替换）4.注意“介词+ where”引导的定语从句，要和“介词+which”引导的定语从句从意思上加以区别。

His head soon appeared out of the window, from where nothing but trees.
他的头很快从窗子里探出来，从那里除了树木他什么也没看到。

（from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)
【例1】（2011 年江西）She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ______had taken more three years.
A. for which
B. with which
C. of which
D. to which
【解析】句意：她带着游客参观了这座博物馆____花了三年多才建成的建筑。

the construction of ……的建筑，which指代the museum。

【答案】C
【例2】（2012年四川）In our class, there are 46 students, _____half wear glasses.
A. in whom
B. in them
C. of whom
D. of them
【解析】句意：我们班有46位学生，一半戴眼镜，of whom half相当于Half of whom，of表示所属关系【答案】C
【例3】（2012 年陕西咸阳）Mr. David has been to many cities in China，________Xi’ an has impressed him most.
A. of which
B. in which
C. with which
D. on which
【解析】句意：大卫先生去过中国的很多城市，在这些城市中西安留给他的印象最深刻。

分析句子结构可知，“Xi’an has impressed him most”是定语从句，“Xi’an”是“many cities”中的一个，故空处用of which 【答案】A
【例4】(2012 年河南洛阳）If you come across a word ______meaning you have forgotten, please look it up in the dictionary.
A. in which
B. which
C. whose
D. that
【解析】分析句子结构可知，“____ meaning you have forgotten”是定语从句，且空处与meaning之间是所属关系，故用关系代词whose。

【答案】C
【例5 】（2013 年山东潍坊）We have gathered nearly 100,000 quilts,_____ up to half have gone to the flood-hit areas.
A. of which
B. in which
C. with which
D. for which
【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。

句意：我们收集了将近十万床被子，其中有半数以上送到了洪灾地区。

of which表示整体中的一部分，符合题意。

【答案】A。