2021年河北省秦皇岛市马圈子中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析

2021年河北省秦皇岛市马圈子中学高一英语上学期期末试卷
含解析
一、选择题
1. You’ve failed to do what you ___to and I’m afraid you are to blame.
A. will expect
B. were expected
C. will be expected
D. expected
参考答案：
B
略
2. Going to bed early and getting up early _______ considered to be a good habit.
A. is
B. are
C. be
D. were
参考答案：
A
3. The artist made up his mind to devote all he could __________ his English
before going abroad.
A. improve
B. to improve
C. improving
D. to improving
参考答案：
D
4. He is the sort of person that is not fit for the kind of work that ____ carefulness and patience.
A. calls up
B. calls for
C. calls on
D. calls at
参考答案：
B
5. John has got a fever these days, and he says he doesn't want to see a doctor, but I'm afraid he has
no______.
A．alternative B．extra C．treatment D．possibility
参考答案：
A
6. Computer games are easily____ to children，and many senior high students are also __to them.
A. addicted；addictive
B. addictive；addicted
C. addicted；addicted
D. addictive；addictive
参考答案：
B
7. that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 per-cent.
A.Such construction robots are clever
B.So clever the construction robots are
C.So clever are the construction robots
D.Such clever construction robots are
参考答案：
C
8. The medical team _______ two doctors and six nurses was sent to the front.
A. made up of
B. was made up of
C. made of
D. made from
参考答案：
A
9. The village is ______what it looked like when they settled their homes there 20 years ago.
A. not any longer
B. no longer
C. no more
D. not any more
参考答案：
B
10. Instead of making progress, my work ______ seems to be going backwards.
A. actually
B. exactly
C. hardly
D. eventually
参考答案：
A
11. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without __________we would have lost our way.
A. it
B. that
C. this
D. which
参考答案：
D
12. Although I don’t regret that I decided to go abroad to take a rest, I wish that I ______ the job so easily.
A. won’t give up
B. wouldn’t give up
C. haven’t given up
D. hadn’t given up
参考答案：
D
13. As a young man，he didn’t know that he ________ famous later on.
A．was to become B．will become
C．had become D．Became
参考答案：
A
14. The telephone system _______ after the terrible flood hit the area the day before yesterday.
A. broke down
B. broke out
C. broke up
D. broke into
参考答案：
A
15. Bob used to __________ a difficult person to get along with. But _________ he has got used to __________ with others in a friendly way.
A. be … recent … working
B. be … recently … working
C. being … now … work
D. being… recent … working
参考答案：
B
16. Many of the earth’s plants and animals have already ______, and many other species are endangered.
A. died out
B. left out
C. watched out
D. stood out
参考答案：
A
17. When I heard the news ______ our team had won the swimming competition, I couldn’t help crying.
A. while
B. which
C. as
D. that
参考答案：
D
18. The man ______ you talked on the street the day before yesterday is my uncle.
A. who
B. to who
C. to whom
D. that
参考答案：
C
二、短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ )划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last summer, I got a part-time job like a waiter. I worked hardly and was very helpful. Everyone in the restaurant including some regular customer liked me. One day, a foreign couple, which were in their fifties, entered the restaurant. I was happy to have a chance to practice my spoken English. I went up to greet them warmly. After I took their order, I told them their food will be served quickly because us Chinese respect the elderly. Hearing my words, a look of displeasure was appeared on the wife's face. Seen my confused look, her husband explained to me the westerners disliked the description "old". I made a apology to them, keeping in mind the lesson cultural differences should never be ignored.
参考答案：
Last summer, I got a part-time job like a waiter. I worked hardly and was very helpful.
as hard
Everyone in the restaurant including some regular customer liked me. One day, a foreign
customers
couple, which were in their fifties, entered the restaurant. I was happy to have a chance to
who
practice my spoken English. I went up to greet them warmly. After I took their order, I told
them their food will be served quickly because us Chinese respect the elderly. Hearing my
would we
words, a look of displeasure was appeared on the wife's face. Seen my confused look, her
was Seeing
husband explained to me the westerners disliked the description "old". I made a apology to
an
them, keeping in mind the lesson ∧cultural differences should never be ignored.
that
三、阅读理解
20. A study showed that fat was socially catching among friends. People were actually making one another gain and, sometimes, lose weight. The finding has been proved in other populations. So how does friends’ body weight affect each other? One way is imitation (模仿). Brain scans show that when you watch someone else eat or run, your brain activity is the same as if you were eating or running yourself, causing you to do the same things.
People in experiments seated next to heavy eaters would eat more than those seated next to light
eaters. Social examples also play a role: If your friend gains weight, you might become less willing to go to the gym because you r friend’s example showed you that weight gain isn’t the end of the world. She’s heavier but still the same person you know and love. And now that 66 percent of the American population is overweight, that’s a pretty well-fixed social example.
Happily, this effect could be turned up side down if people worked to create an opposite social example—weight loss can affect each other just as easily as weight gain if you form the fat-fighting habits, starting a running club including friends of friends so that you’re making close friends with more exercisers. You can also make healthier food choices and eat with greater self-control. If you give up the fries and eat more vegetables, your friends are more likely to make the same choices.
If you’re thinking those sou nd like a lot of work, maybe it would just be easier to ditch friends who gain weight to stop them from affecting you. People who kept away from a fat friend didn’t lose weight, possibly because the cost of losing a friend stopped weight-loss efforts.
32. What will people in the experiments do if they eat with heavy eaters?
A. Hate them.
B. Leave them.
C. Follow them.
D. Lose weight.
33. How might people respond to their fat friends according to the text?
A. Go to the gym with them often.
B. Think nothing of becoming fat.
C. Warn them the danger.
D. Like them better.
34. What can you do to make good use of the discovery?
A. Set a good example for your friends.
B. Make up your mind to make more friends.
C. Set up health club as a business.
D. Drink more water.
35. What does the underlined word “ditch” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Depend on.
B. Relieve in.
C. Watch over.
D. Give up.
参考答案：
32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【分析】
本文为说明文。

一项研究表明，肥胖会在朋友间传染。

人们实际上是在互相增重，有时还在减肥。

这一发现已在其他人群中得到证实。

【32题详解】推理判断题。

根据第二段中的People in experiments seated next to heavy eaters would eat more than those seated next to light eaters.（在实验中，坐在重食者旁边的人会比坐在轻食者旁边的人吃得更多）可推知，在实验中，如果人们和食量大的人一起吃饭，他们也会跟着吃。

故C选项正确。

【33题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第三段中的If your friend gains weight, you might become less willing to go to the gym because your friend’s example showed you that weight gain isn’t the end of the world. She’s heavier but still the same person you know and love.（如果你的朋友体重增加了，你可能就不太愿意去健身房了，因为你朋友的榜样告诉你，体重增加并不是世界末日。

她更胖了，但仍然是你认识和爱的那个人）可知，对于长胖了的朋友，人们认为变胖没有什么大不了的。

故B选项正确。

【34题详解】
细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段中的If you give up the fries and eat more vegetables, your friends are more likely to make the same choices.（如果你放弃薯条而多吃蔬菜，你的朋友更有可能做出同样的选择）可知，根据这项发现，你可以为你的朋友树立一个好榜样。

故A选项正确。

【35题详解】
词义猜测题。

根据最后一段中的People who kept away from a fat fr iend didn’t lose weight, possibly because the cost of losing a friend stopped weight-loss efforts.（远离肥胖朋友的人并没有减肥，可能是因为失去朋友的代价让减肥的努力停止了）可知，划线词所在句句意为“如果你认为这些听起来需要做很多工作，那么也许甩掉那些体重增加的朋友会更容易些，这样他们就不会影响你了。

” 由此可知，划线词ditch意为“甩掉，丢弃”。

A. Depend on依靠；B. Relieve in缓解；C. Watch over监视；D. Give up放弃。

故D选项正确。

【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。

要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。

在第4小题中，考生可以根据该划线词所在的上下文语境来推测其指代对象。

根据下一句People who kept away from a fat friend didn’t lose wei ght, possibly because the cost of losing a friend stopped weight-loss efforts.（远离肥胖朋友的人并没有减肥，可能是因为失去朋友的代价让减肥的努力停止了）可知，划线词所在句句意为“如果你认为这些听起来需要做很多工作，那么也许甩掉那些体重增加的朋友会更容易些，这样他们就不会影响你了。

” 由此可知，划线词ditch意为“甩掉，丢弃”。

A. Depend on依靠；B. Relieve in缓解；C. Watch over监视；D. Give up放弃。

故D选项正确。