语法填空-自由填空

◆自由填空题解题技巧
• 1. 分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分 确定填哪类词。 • 2. 再根据全文大意和句子意思，确定 具体填词，或根据句子间的逻辑关系 确定填哪个关联词。 • 具体技巧如下：
技巧1．空格后有名词，序数词，最高级， 冠词 考虑填_ _。
a farm, which looked almost 3. He owned ____ abandoned. 4. The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest the most modern of are admired by even ____ architects and engineers. 冠词+（形容词）+名词（代词） • 总结：________________________
定从检测
5.(2017北京卷31) The little problems_______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. A.that B. as C. where D when 6.(2017江苏卷28) In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of _______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A.which B. its C. whose D. whom 7.(2017天津卷9）My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A.that B. whose C. his D. who
从句的引导词要根据 从句所缺的句子成分 以及句子意思进行判断
总结: 技巧1．空格后有名词，序数词，最高级，考虑 填_______。 技巧2. 空格后有名词(代/动-ing/从句)，且不作主 语，也不是动词的宾语，考虑填_____ 技巧3 句子缺主语或宾语，考虑填______ 技巧4. 如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没 有分号或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填 并列连词或从属连词。 技巧5：填情态动词主要从语境考虑，助动词主 要用在否定、疑问、强调、倒装句中。
自由填空快捷指导
1. 若横线后面接句子，则考虑并列句和复合句：若横线前后句子 成分完整，意思完整，考虑并列连词，若差成分、意思不完整， 考虑关系词。 2.横线后面是单词、名词短语，则考虑冠词、介词、代词。 3、人称代词填不同的格。
4、介词+冠词+名词 冠词+形容词+名词 5、时间、地点前面多为介词 6、特殊句式考点: so/such that it 作形式主语/宾语 强调句 it is... that not only...but also as is reported/known
常考点：1、 3-4个自由填空。每空限填一词。填虚词。 2、冠词、介词、并列连词、从属连词。
自由填空
冠词：a, an, the 介词：in, on, at, with, as(作为), before, after, by, from, through, to, for等 代词：one, another, other, both, none等 I, we, you等人称代词 连词：
3.He knew what he wanted. __________, However he didn’t know how to get it. 4.He was very tired after doing this for a but whole day, ________ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.
技巧4. 如果两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有分号 或句号，也没有关联词连接或引导，则填并列连词或从 属连词。
1. He is a shy man,_____ but he is not afraid of anything or anyone. whether/if 2. He asked the old man __________ he had money to pay the fare.
。
有 提 示 词
谓语动词时态、语态 ；非谓语动词； 名词单复数；形容词，副词：形容词或副词的比
较级或最高级等。 实词间词性转化（构词法）：名词—动词—形容词—副词。
全国卷考察统计
年份 2017 2016 1卷 as a which to when its the 2卷 from the it on as a 3卷 a who in and as/when who with
11.This is the park ___________ that/ which they visited last year. 12.I still remember many of the games we played _________ I was about ten. when what 13.I would hear them talk about _________ happened during their day.
并列连词： 并列关系：and , neither… nor…, not only…but also…, both…and…, not…but… 转折关系：but, yet 因果关系：so, for 选择关系：or, either… or… 对比关系：while
从属连词: 要确定是哪种从句，高考语法填空常考 的有状语从句和定语从句，其次是名词性从句。
定从检测
1 . (2016北京）I live next door to a couple ____ children often make a lot of noise. A.whose B. why C. where D. which 2. (2016天津）We’ll put off the picnic in the park until next week, _____the weather may be better. A.that B. where C. which have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of ____ has been proved. A.whom B. which C. what D. that 4. (2016江苏) Many young people, most ____ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A.of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those
先行词是人who做主语whom做宾语whose做定语先行词是物thatwhich做主宾whose做定语先行词是时间和地点做主语用thatwhich做状语用whenwhere先行词是原因做主语用thatwhich做状语用why注意
语法填空
自由填空（无提示词）
语法填空
自由填空 介词，连词，代词，冠词(a,an,the)， 从句引导词:名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句； 并列连词：and, but, so, while, when，for，because； 情态动词，助动词等
从属连词 (1) that, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why (引导定语从句) (2) that, whether, if, whose, which, who, what, when, where, how, why (引导名词性从句) (3) when, before, after, until, while, because, so, if, unless, although, as (引导状语从句)
人称代词
主格 宾格 me
形容 my 词性 物主 代词
I
we us our
you he
she
it
they
you him her your his her
it them its their
反身 myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, 代词 himself, herself, itself, themselves
技巧2
总结:空格后有名词(代/动-ing/从句)，且不作主语，也不是动词的 介词 宾语，考虑填_____
固定搭配： in the morning /afternoon /evening, in English /Chinese, by bus /car/air, to one’s surprise, be good /bad at, be worried about…
两个完整的句子之间， 可考虑填and, or, but, however等连词
考的很少，可以不做要求 技巧5：填情态动词主要从语境考虑，助动词主要用在 否定、疑问、强调、倒装句中。
can • 1. Only in this way ____we solve the problem. did • 2…. the driver stood up and asked, “ ____ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”
介词多考搭配，平时要多积累。 名词或代词在句中不作主语、 表语，也不作动词的宾语时， 它的前面很可能填介词。
技巧3. 句子缺主语或宾语，考虑填代词 ______ 代词的考查分有提示词（一般为人称代词） 及无提示词：it ,something, nothing, both ,
all, other, another either, neither, none等
by 1.No one helped me. I did it all _______ myself. 2.Bob and Mary are going to see a movie on _______ Christmas Day. 3.It was a pity that the great writer died with his work unfinished. _______
定语从句的关系词
1、关系词常有3个作用：①连接作用，连接主句和定语从句。 ②指代先行词。③在定语从句中担当成分。 2、判断：“命中注定”名词后面多为定语从句。 3、看名词是人还是物，看横线后面句子是否缺成分，看是限制性还是非限制性。
先行词是人，who 做主语， whom 做宾语，whose做定语， 先行词是物，that/which做主宾 whose做定语 先行词是时间和地点，做主语用that/which,做状语用when/where 先行词是原因，做主语用that/which,做状语用why 注意：介词后面用which/whom/whose 逗号后面的that必须改成which，逗号后面的which一定要在从句做主语或者宾 分不清先行词是人还是物，就用that
1.I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ________ gets there almost in it a second. 2.If you give your children the impression that they can never do anything quite themselves as right, then they will regard __________ unfit or unable persons. 3.He is also an author, and _________ new his book will come out next month. 句子缺主语、宾语或 定语，可考虑填代词