译林小学英语6B主要考点及拓展2024.4.21 共8页

译林小学英语6B主要考点及拓展
1、形容词adj.和副词adv.的区别：
漂亮的花→beautiful flowers 跳得高→jump high
形容词 + 名词 adj. + n. 动词+副词v. + adv.
跑得快→run fast / quick ly笑得欢→laugh happi ly
动词+副词v. + adv. 动词+副词v. + adv. Nancy is a beautiful girl, and she dances beautiful ly.
adj. + n. v. + adv.
规律1：形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词，即“形名动副”。

◆副词的构成：
beautiful → beautifully quiet → quietly
quick → quickly happy → happily
规律2：一般情况下，副词由形容词加“ly”构成，但并非所有以“ly”结尾的都是副词。

例如：lovely（可爱的）、friendly(友好的)是形容词。

2、The grandfather was happy to see his grandson playing happily.
a.be happy to do sth. be动词后接形容词；
b.see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事；
c.play happily，修饰动词用副词；
Here comes the big lion. And there goes the small animals.
◆完全倒装：
here / there等副词位于句首时，构成完全倒装，即动词位
于主语之前。

又如：
Here comes the bus.车来了。

There goes the bell. 铃响了。

Please bring your crayons tomorrow for the art lesson.
a.以please开头的祈使句用动词原形；
b.bring和take的区别：
以说话人为中心，把东西带到离说话人近的地方，用bring；
反之，把东西带到离说话人远的地方，则用take;
You can find animal stories in the book.
◆名词作定语：
two men teacher s，男老师性别和职业
three women doctor s，女医生同时变复数
shoe factor ies，鞋厂，厂家是做鞋的
flower shop s，花店，店铺是卖花的
the key to the door门的钥匙
answer the question回答问题
the answer to the question问题的答案
3、The farmer is too busy. He always has a lot of work to do every day.
a.busy的用法：be busy doing sth. / be busy with sth. Nancy is busy doing her homework.
Nancy is busy with her homework.
b.have a lot of work to do 有许多工作要做
Wang Bing brushes his teeth twice a day.
A.频率副词：always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom(很
少)>never（从不），表示动作发生的频率，通常也是一般现在时的时间标志;对频率副词提问，用How often / How many
times.
B.how系列特殊疑问词组的用法：
●how many（多少）后接可数名词复数，问数量；
●how much（多少）后接不可数名词，问数量或价格；
●how soon (多久)问多久以后‘
How soon will you be back? I will be back in five minutes.
●how long （多长）问多长时间
How long will you stay here? I will stay here for three days.
●how far (多远) 问距离；
◆改错：My home is two kilometers far away from our school. 正确1：My home is two kilometers away from our school. 正确2：My home is far away from our school.
●how often(多久一次) 问频率，一次、两次、三次的表达：
He goes to the supermarket once a week.
How often do you brush your teeth?
I brush my teeth twice a day.
Take this medicine three times a day.
You should finish your work on time. Don't put it off until tomorrow.
on time 准时；in time 及时；put off推迟
hand in your homework on time 准时上交你的作业
get to the train station in time 及时到达火车站
put off the meeting / put the meeting off 推迟会议
Going to bed late is a bad habit for us.
动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

stay up late at night 熬夜到很晚
王兵和刘涛是好朋友。

他们非常了解对方。

Wang Bing and Liu Tao are good friends.
They know each other well.
help each other 相互帮助 / learn from each other相互学
习
你为什么早上觉得困? 因为我总是睡得晚。

Why do you feel sleepy in the morning? （注意sleepy拼写）
B ecause I always go to bed late.
●smell/ taste / look / sound / feel感官动词后接形容词●B ecause…可以回答Why引导的特殊疑问句，首字母大写；How about watching the running race?
What/How about doing sth. about是介词；
Listen to your mother carefully, please.
1、含有please的祈使句，listen要用原形；
2、听得认真，修饰动词listen用副词carefully；
Did Tim put his exam paper in the bag last night? (改陈述句)
Tim put his exam paper in the bag last night.
1、一般疑问句中的did说明句子是一般过去时；
2、put原形和过去式形式一致，不要写错；
We all need family time. Talk with your family.
family含义为“家庭”时，谓语动词用单数；含义为“家人（家庭成员）”时，谓语动词用复数：
My family is very big. / My family are watching TV.
talk with / to sb. about sth. 和某人谈论某事
take care of…=look after照顾
wear sunglasses戴太阳镜
stay too close to our books距离书本太近
think actively in class上课积极思考 make a list做一个清单
try one’s best to do sth.尽最大努力做某事
◆spend用法：人 spend 钱或时间on sth. / (in) doing sth.
I spent two hours on my homework yesterday.
= I spent two hours(in) doing my homework yesterday.
= It took me two hours to do my homework yesterday. Spend more time in learning.
Don't spend too much time on computers or mobile phones.
4、我有一个主意！我知道我们接下来应该怎么做了。

(翻译句子)
解题步骤：
1、某人拥有某物，用have / has;“我有”，即为I have…
2、“一个主意”是an i dea, idea,首字母发音为元音，用an；拓展1：an umbrella / a useful book / a university(大学) There is a“u” and an“h” in the word “hour”.
3、“我知道”是I know…;know是动词，动词之后要接宾语，当宾语是一个句子的时候，即为宾语从句；
4、题目中给出了“I know what…”,说明这是一个由特殊疑问词what引导的宾语从句，其结构是“what + 主语 + 谓语”即what之后要用陈述语序；
5、由汉语原文可知，宾语从句的主语是“我们”we;动词是“应该做…”,即should do…
综上所述，该题的参考答案为：
I have an idea! I know what we should do next.
拓展2：
I have no idea. = I don’t know. 我不知道。

come up with an idea 想出一个主意
5、Billy must go on a diet(节食), because he is too fat. Are there enough vegetables in your meals?
enough的用法：
a.enough + n.
b. adj.+ enough
记忆：enough是一个害羞的姑娘，总是习惯躲在修饰她的形容词后面；
There is only a little milk in the glass.
注意：a little girl:一个小女孩
Lucy has a lot of rice for lunch.
have lunch吃午饭 / have a big lunch吃一顿丰盛的午饭have fish for lunch
make 3个用法 + help2个用法：
make a salad / make me happy / make us do our homework help me (to) do my homework = help me with my homework
“You are late for school again,”said the teacher angrily.
修饰动词said，用副词angrily.
Listening to the teachers carefully is a good habit.
动名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。

Look! Here comes the big tiger.
副词here位于句首时，构成完全倒装，动词要放在主语之前。

You shouldn’t have an un healthy diet.
●初识派生构词法：
词形变化：health n.健康→ health y adj.健康的
→un health y adj.不健康的
“-y”为形容词后缀，一般可以把名词变为形容词：
cloud → cloud y / rain→ rain y；
“-un”为否定前缀，含义为not，一般可以把一个形容词变为其反义词：
happy →un happy / lucky →un lucky；
◆结论：一般情况下，前缀改变词义；后缀改变词性；
Health is very important.
a healthy lifestyle 一种健康的生活方式
6、keep your room clean and tidy / keep the road safe follow the traffic rules
-How do you get to your aunt’s house?
-I will take a bus / there. = I will go there by bus.
三个“到达”：
●get to +地点
◆arrive in +大地点：arrive in Shanghai
arrive at +小地点 arrive at the train station
★reach + 地点：reach our school
there为副词，前面不需要介词；
take a bus there = go there by bus
Children should not drink too much ice cola.
too many + 可数名词复数；too much + 不可数名词：
too many sweets / too much ice cola
much too + 形容词： The question is much too difficult. 这个问题太难了。

Suzhou Museum is open except on Mondays.
除了周一，苏州博物馆每天都开放。

（每周一博物馆闭馆，不开放）
except：除了，除去的东西不包含在内。

besides：除了，除去的东西包含在内。

I like a lot of sports besides tennis.
除了网球，我还喜欢很多的运动。

（网球我也喜欢。

）
Liu Tao only wants to drink a little tea. (想要喝一点茶)
1、想要做某事：want to do sth. ；
2、喝一些茶：drink some tea，题目中是喝一点茶，把some替换为修饰不可数名词的a little即可；
3、Liu Tao三单，want要加s；
He got a bad stomachache.得了严重的胃疼病
get a ticket for speeding 吃一张超速罚单
hand in your homework上交你的家庭作业
Jack and his mother went into a supermarket and bought some food for Father’s Day.
The boy is looking for some books about science in the bookshop now.
exercise的主要用法:
◆作可数名词，含义为“练习”或“做操”：
Let’s do English exercise s.
We do morning exercise s every day.
◆作不可数名词，含义为“运动”：
do / take more exercise做更多运动
pay attention to food safety关注食品安全
动词短语pay attention to，含义为“注意”，to为介词：
pay attention to sth. / doing sth.
cross the road:穿过马路（平面）
go through the forest 穿过森林（立体空间）across 和through 两者均为介词，注意词性的区分What’s the weather like in the UK?
=How is the weather in the UK?
It’s sometimes rainy.
关于time的短语：
on time准时 / in time及时 / at a time一次some time一些时间 / some times一些次数sometime(将来)某个时刻
sometimes有时候，频率副词，一般现在时标志词There is a little sheep on the farm.
1、sheep可数名词，单复数同形；
2、is说明句子是单数；
3、 a little sheep “一只小绵羊”,符合题意。