广东省广州市天河区2021届普通高中毕业班综合测试(三)英语试题

广东省广州市天河区2021届普通高中毕业班综合测试（三）
英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
British Museum
Located in Great Russell Street, London WC1B 3DG, the British Museum houses a vast collection of world art and artifacts and is free to all visitors. The British Museum’s remarkable collection spans over two million years of human history and culture, and it has more than 7 million objects, so it would probably take a week to see everything.
Over 6 million visitors every year experience the collection, including world-famous objects such as the Rosetta Stone and Egyptian mummies.
Admission and opening times
Free, open daily 10:00 to 17:30.
Open until 20:30 on Fridays, except Good Friday.
Closed on 24, 25 and 26 December and 1 January.
Large luggage, suitcases and cabin baggage
For everyone’s safety, all bags, packages and personal items may be searched before entry. Wheeled cases and large items of luggage are not allowed on British Museum premises for safety and security reasons. Storage for luggage is available at major rail stations, including Euston, King’s Cross and Charing Cross.
Membership
Membership allows you to discover 2 million years of human history with free unlimited entry to special exhibitions, an exclusive discount offer on magazine subscription and many more benefits.
Individual membership: £74
Under 26 membership: £54
Young friends (ages 8-15): £25
Shops
The Museum has four shops where you can buy books, souvenirs, and family gifts. 1．When can you visit the British Museum?
A．At 9:00 Friday.B．On Good Friday.
C．At 12:00 Monday.D．On Christmas Day.
2．Where can visitors store their large luggage?
A．At some crossings.B．At major train stations.
C．In the hall of the Museum.D．At the entrance to the Museum.
3．If two friends aged 14 and 18 apply for membership of the Museum, how much should they pay?
A．£79B．£99
C．£128D．£148
Cuckoos don’t bother building their own nests—they just lay eggs that perfectly imitate those of other birds and take over their nests. But other birds are wishing up, evolving some seriously impressive tricks to spot the cuckoo eggs.
Cuckoos are often know as parasites, meaning that they hide their eggs in the nest of other species. To avoid detection, the cuckoos have evolved so that eggs seem reproduction of those of their preferred targets. If the host bird doesn’t notice the strange egg in its nest, the little cuckoo will actually take the entire nest for itself after it comes out, taking the other eggs on its back and dropping them out of the nest.
To avoid this unpleasant fate for their young, the other birds have evolved a few smart ways to spot the fakes, which we’re only now beginning to fully understand. One of the most amazing finds is that birds have an extra colour-sensitive cell in their eyes, which makes them far more sensitive to ultraviolet wavelengths and allows them to see a far greater range of colours than humans can. This allows cautious birds to detect a fake egg which might be exactly the same to our eyes.
Fascinatingly, we’re actually able to observe different bird species at very different points in their evolutionary war with the cuckoos. For instance, some cuckoos lay their eggs in the nests of the redstarts. The blue eggs these cuckoos lay are practically alike to those of the redstarts, and yet they are still sometimes rejected. Compare that with cuckoos who target dunnocks. While those birds lay perfectly blue eggs, their cuckoo invaders just lay white eggs with brown irregular shaped spots. And yet dunnocks barely ever seem to notice the obvious trick.
Biologists suspect these more easily fooled species like the dunnocks are on the same evolutionary path as the redstarts, but they have a long way to go until they evolve the same
levels of suspicion. What’s remarkable is that the dunnocks fakes are so bad and the redstart ones so good, and yet cuckoos are still more successful with the former than the latter.
It speaks to just how thoroughly a species’ behavior can be changed by the pressures of natural selection, or it might just be a bit of strategic cooperation on the part of the dunnocks. Biologists have suggested that these birds are willing to tolerate a parasite every so often because they don’t want to risk accidentally getting rid of one of their own eggs.
4．This passage can be most likely found in a ________.
A．science survey B．nature magazine
C．zoo advertisement D．travel journal
5．What does the underlined word “parasite” in paragraph 2 most probably refer to? A．Animals that work together to raise young.
B．Small harmful animals such as worms or mice.
C．Animals that can adapt to changing environments.
D．Animals which live on or inside other host animals.
6．Which of the following is TRUE about the dunnock according to the passage?
A．It is colour-blind and therefore cannot identify foreign eggs in the nest.
B．It can easily remove cuckoo eggs from the nest because fakes are so bad.
C．It is a host bird that is more likely to raise a cuckoo chick than the redstart.
D．It is unable to evolve and hence accepts cuckoo eggs that appear in the nest.
7．Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A．Dunnocks may eventually learn to recognise foreign eggs.
B．Redstarts seem to be less suspicious compared to dunnocks.
C．Cuckoo birds are good at taking responsibility for their own young.
D．It is very easy for cuckoos to imitate the colouring of the dunnock’s egg.
Disease-carrying mosquitoes can spread diseases without affecting themselves. Nearly 700 million people get a mosquito-borne illness each year, which results in over one million deaths. Humans experience continuous pressures from disease-carrying mosquitoes in many parts of the world, so we have to find ways to fight against those insects because they keep getting scarier.
Even though DEET remains the most commonly used, and most powerful, mosquito repellent ever developed, scientists are actively pursuing effective products based entirely on
plant oils. While DEET is an effective contact repellent, many people dislike the oily feel and smell on their skin, and sometimes some people are sensitive to it. Consumers are always interested in alternatives to DEET and other synthetic repellents, so there are numerous natural repellents on the market.
In his lab at Iowa State University, Dr. Joel Coats and his team have successfully tested these repellents against three species of dangerous mosquitoes. The first group of the new repellents act through the air. These chemicals have a vapor action that provides protection, and they are called “spatial” repellents, since they act through space. These are potentially most useful in backyards, parks, and houses. The other group are the classic ones that stop insects from standing on a treated surface, such as human skin, clothing or tents; collaborators at the USDA-ARS and BioGents have conducted testing with humans to confirm the effectiveness and identify the very best ones.
The new repellents were designed and made from the natural materials in plant essential oils. They maintain many of the advantages of the natural repellents: They are fully biodegradable, with no ecological concerns or environmental wastes, and generally considered safe like the thousands of types of plant essential oils used in the flavor and perfume industries. However, thorough testing will be conducted to determine if they are truly non-poisonous because there is still no enough evidence.
8．What does the author mainly want to show in paragraph 1?
A．The way mosquitoes spread disease.
B．The high death rate of mosquito-borne illness.
C．The difficulty of fighting disease-carrying mosquitoes.
D．The urgency of finding tools to fight against mosquitoes.
9．What is a disadvantage of DEET?
A．It won’t be effective for long.B．It can’t be applied universally.
C．It causes discomfort to the users.D．It greatly harms people’s health. 10．What can we learn about the second group of the new repellents?
A．They can kill mosquitoes indirectly.B．They are mainly used in the open air. C．They are more effective on human skin.D．They can prevent mosquitoes from contacting users.
11．What’s the author’s attitude to the new repellents?
A．Subjective.B．Objective.C．Doubtful.D．Disapproving.
In order to help discover spoilage and reduce food waste for supermarkets and consumers, researchers have developed new low-cost, smart phone-linked, eco-friendly spoilage sensors for meat and fish packaging.
One in three UK consumers throw away food just because it reaches the use-by date, but 60% of the £12.5 billion-worth of food we throw away each year is safe to eat.
The researchers, whose findings were published in ACS Sensors, say the sensors could also eventually replace the use-by date—a widely used indicator of being fresh and eatable.
The sensors cost two US cents each to make. Known as “paper-based electrical gas sensors (PEGS)”, they detect spoilage gases like ammonia (a poisonous gas with a strong unpleasant smell) in meat and fish products. The information provided by the electronic nose is received by a smart phone, and then you can know whether the food is fresh and safe to eat.
The Imperial College London researchers who developed PEGS made the sensors by printing carbon electrodes onto a special type of paper. The materials are eco-friendly and harmless, so they don’t damage the environment and are safe to use in food packaging. The sensors, combined with a tiny electronic system, then inform nearby mobile devices, which identify and understand the data about spoilage gases.
Lead author Dr Firat Guder of Imperial’s Department of Bioengineering, said, “Although they’re designed to keep us safe, use-by dates can lead to eatable food being thrown away. They don’t always reflect its actual freshness. In fact, people often get sick from food-borne diseases due to poor storage, even when an item is within its use-by date.”
“These sensors are cheap enough so we hope to see supermarkets using them within three years. Our goal is to use PEGS in food packaging to reduce unnecessary food waste.”
The authors hope that PEGS could have applications beyond food processing, like sensing chemicals in agriculture, air quality, and detecting disease markers in breath like those involved in kidney disease.
12．What is the function of PEGS according to the text?
A．To improve the taste of foods.B．To improve the service of stores. C．To help supermarkets store foods.D．To help people test food freshness. 13．What role does the smartphone play while PEGS are functioning?
A．It acts as an electronic nose.B．It reads the data collected by PEGS. C．It helps print the gas sensors onto paper.D．It discovers the spoilage gases from
foods.
14．What does Dr. Firat Guder say about use-by dates?
A．They are not completely reliable.B．They can help reduce food waste. C．They are based on scientific research.D．They are not accepted by the consumers. 15．What does the author mainly talk about in the text?
A．The process of researching spoilage sensors.
B．A new technology in packaging to reduce food waste.
C．The application of spoilage sensors beyond food processing.
D．The influence of use-by dates on supermarkets and consumers.
二、七选五
The Adoption Option
There are many wonderful pets looking for new homes. ____16____. The following is some advice about introducing a rescue dog into your life.
●Choose wisely
No matter how cute a dog is, it’s important not to let the heart rule the head when choosing a rescue dog. People naturally love puppies, but mature dogs are a great choice for many people. ____17____. The dog’s personality and size are usually apparent, so there should be no surprises.
●____18____
That a dog is available for adoption doesn’t mean they are automatically a problem dog. ____19____. However, some may exhibit unruly（难以驾驭的）behavior due to a lack of training. It’s important not to confuse a lack of training with more serious behavioral issues. Good shelters and rescue groups will have every dog assessed by a qualified behavioral trainer to identify potential problem behaviors.
●Coming home
Arriving in a new home can be stressful for an adult dog. For many dogs you will have to take a trial-and-error approach to understanding what they like, what makes them feel secure and what they fear. You had better gradually expose your rescue dog to a range of different experiences and other dogs to judge and manage their behavior appropriately.
____20____. In this way, they will have company and can be supervised in the early stages.
A．What to expect
B．What you see is what you get
C．Common problems and special behaviors
D．Adoption provides a pet that second chance
E．Many rescue dogs are well trained and well behaved
F．Most of these issues can be overcome with good training
G．Therefore, it’s wise to get time off work when the dog arrives
三、完形填空
I was always complaining about wind or rain. Although it was nothing unusual for the arrival of wind or rain, it caused inconvenience for me to go out, and sometimes it even created an awful atmosphere, so I ____21____ it strongly.
On a rainy day a meteorologist (气象学家) I met was very ____22____ at my great anger caused by rain that made a little inconvenience for me.
He asked, “Have you ever seen typhoon? Do you know what would happen to the world if there were no typhoon?” I shook my head. I had no experience of how overwhelming it was when it ____23____ everything away in its way.
“Well, let me tell you,” the meteorologist said. “Without it the ____24____ of fresh water will be more serious, for it is a great ____25____ of water supply on earth. Without it, there would be a greater imbalance in the distribution of ____26____. The equatorial area that receives the most sunshine on earth ____27____ entirely on typhoon to disperse (驱散) heat. Without typhoon the tropics would be even ____28____ while the frigid zones much colder. As a result the temperate zones (温带) would ____29____ from the world...”
Ignorance made me____30____. I disliked wind only because it ruffled (吹乱) my hair. I hated rain merely because I had to carry an umbrella. But I had no idea at all that typhoon—something much more violent, something a thousand times more____31____ than wind or rain—was a(n) ____32____ to the existence of mankind.
____33____ no road on earth goes all the way on level ground, there’s no person in the world who can do whatever he pleases. Wrong as it is for people to guard against typhoon, it is advisable for a man to stop to think for a moment before he complains. “____34____ typhoon disappeared all together? What would the world become then?” The ____35____
will keep him calm and lead him closer to truth—he will be better aware of the world he lives in.
21．A．blamed B．refused C．fought D．punished 22．A．excited B．puzzled C．delighted D．encouraged 23．A．frightened B．washed C．swept D．swung 24．A．supply B．shortage C．waste D．amount 25．A．power B．resource C．source D．strength 26．A．time B．wealth C．energy D．warmth 27．A．moves B．relies C．keeps D．holds 28．A．better B．cooler C．hotter D．warmer 29．A．remove B．escape C．move D．disappear 30．A．shortsighted B．anxious C．frightened D．worried 31．A．frightening B．appealing C．disturbing D．exciting 32．A．success B．advantage C．lead D．must 33．A．As B．Since C．While D．When 34．A．What about B．How come C．Even if D．What if 35．A．answers B．theories C．complaints D．phenomena
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many of van Gogh’s paintings were inspired by warm, yellow sunlight because he loved how it could light up the world in different ways. His painting Sunflowers, for example,
____36____ (fill) with vivid yellows and browns. These colors give ____37____ painting a feeling of warmth and well-being. ____38____, the sunflowers are actually dead and dying.
The result is a painting that combines the warmth of life that van Gogh loved with the feelings of sadness that were all around him. It is a painting that is warm, beautiful and sad, all at the same time.
Van Gogh’s most famous painting, The Starry Night, takes this ____39____ (mix) of joy and sadness one step further. It is a landscape full of deep blues and shadows ____40____ represent the sadness van Gogh was feeling as he ____41____ (paint), rather than what he was actually seeing.
This is why van Gogh’s ____42____ (image) in his painting look more imagined
____43____ real. The stars and moon in The Starry Night are ____44____ (unusual) bright, their light swirling (旋动) above the darkening hills. A tree that looks like black fire cuts through the view of the night, _____45_____ (interrupt) its beauty.
五、其他应用文
46．假定你在伦敦某校做交换生。

学校准备成立一个以中国文化为活动主题的俱乐部，请你用英语写一篇短文，向同学们介绍你希望成立的俱乐部。

内容包括：
1. 情况简介；
2. 目的和意义；
3. 你的期待。

注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

What I have in mind is
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________
六、读后续写
47．阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Over the years, I've been guilty of hurriedly shutting the front door to many strangers when they came to my home knocking with the intention of selling things. I hated it when they tried their best to persuade me to buy the things they promoted. But earlier this year, around Easter time, a dear friend of mine, Linda, had an experience that changed my mind and attitude towards these "intruders".
Last winter, Linda went through a very messy divorce and was very depressed. So she quit her job and left Los Angeles, where she encountered her ex-husband in college. She flew to Boston on the east coast of the US. Later, she settled in a new neighborhood in East Boston. However, shortly afterwards, the company where she worked went bankrupt（破产）.
Suffering a series of bitter blows. she fell ill, a severe case of flu. She had to stay at home for the whole week, feeling extremely bad and hopeless.
Early one morning, Linda lay in bed, feeling painful all over. Then all of a sudden, there was an upsetting knock on her front door. Struggling out of the bed, she dragged herself to the window. There, outside, she saw a young lady carefully holding some leaflets（传单）and a TV set model. She knew of a large TV set establishment nearby and assumed a message was about to be gently delivered. "This is the last thing I need today." She muttered to herself and hesitantly opened the door.
Coughing bitterly, Linda stuck her head out. "Excuse me, madam…" the young lady said with a smile. "I'm sorry but I am not the slightest bit interested in any TV whatever." Linda interrupted her impatiently. "As a matter of fact, I am feeling terribly awful." "Is there anything I can do for you, madam?" the young lady asked with concern. "No thanks, just leave me alone." Linda then shut the door in her face. The young lady politely turned and left in silence.
注意：
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
Paragraph 1:
A few hours later, another knock.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________
Paragraph 2:
Linda was surprised by this lovely action.
___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ______________________。