山西省专升本综合英语模拟2

山西省专升本综合英语模拟2
Ⅰ．Vocabulary & Structure
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence.
1、 Do not ______ me to help you unless you work harder.
A. expect
B. hope
C. depend
D. think
2、 The question ______ now is where to build the new factory.
A. discusses
B. discussing
C. be discussed
D. being discussed
3、 John decided to ______ the present job in order to travel around the world.
A. give up
B. put up
C. wake up
D. break up
4、 Michael's new house looks like a palace, compared ______ his old one.
A. of
B. with
C. for
D. in
5、 Computer technology makes it ______ for people to work from home.
A. harmful
B. serious
C. possible
D. difficult
6、 We are delighted at the news ______ they have started the business cooperation with your company.
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. what
7、 The computer program is designed for the ______ of easy online reading.
A. experience
B. purpose
C. invitation
D. decision
8、 The business talk ______ next week when the CEO of your company comes.
A. was held
B. is being held
C. will be held
D. has been held
9、 It was so noisy that we found it hard to ______ the conversation.
A. carry on
B. set for
C. turn on
D. go against
10、 You cannot cancel your order ______ you change your mind within three days.
A. as if
B. while
C. so that
D. unless
11、 The reason for my refusal is ______ you're unreliable.
A. because
B. that
C. due to
D. for
12、 ______ to find the proper job, he decided to give up job-hunting in this city.
A. Failed
B. Being failed
C. To fail
D. Having failed
13、 If you don't mind, I ______ do my homework than play cards with you.
A. had better
B. would rather
C. prefer
D. would like
14、 No one, except his two best friends, ______ where he is.
A. know
B. to know
C. knows
D. knowing
15、 The condition being ______, he may succeed.
A. favorite
B. favorable
C. favoring
D. favored
16、 I haven't decided which hotel ______.
A. to stay
B. is to stay at
C. to stay at
D. is for staying
17、 Our teacher had us ______ a report on our investigation of the case.
A. write
B. to writing
C. to write
D. written
18、 Make a note of it ______ you should forget it.
A. so
B. to
C. how
D. lest
19、 Eggs, though good to health, have ______ of fat content.
A. large number
B. a large number
C. a high number
D. a high amount
20、 Our main concern is to ______ the living standard of the people.
A. raise
B. rise
C. arise
D. arouse
Ⅱ．Cloze
Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the one that best fits into the passage.
To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor: you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your students; you must be a 21 speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to 22 what you are teaching in order to make its meaning clear. 23 a good teacher and you will see that he does not sit still 24 his class: he stands the whole time when he is teaching; he walks about, using his 25 , hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will 26 the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is 27 about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn't mean that he will indeed be able to act 28 on the stage, for there are very important 29 between the teacher's work and the actor's. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the 30 words each time he plays a certain part; 31 his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem 32 on the stage.
A good teacher 33 in quite a different way. His students take an active part in his 34 ; they ask and answer questions; they obey orders; and if they don't understand something, they will say so. The teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needs of his students. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must 35 it as he goes along.
21、 A. clear B. slow C. quick D. loud
22、 A. act B. talk C. say D. repeat
23、 A. Listen B. Look C. Watch D. Observe
24、 A. for B. before C. behind D. with
25、 A. tongue B. words C. sound D. arms
26、 A. hear B. see C. think D. guess
27、 A. talking B. thinking C. hearing D. saying
28、 A. good B. badly C. well D. actively
29、 A. things B. differences C. points D. jobs
30、 A. different B. same C. above D. following
31、 A. just B. never C. ever D. even
32、 A. natural B. real C. false D. clear
33、 A. is B. works C. has D. teaches
34、 A. group B. party C. class D. paly
35、 A. invent B. discover C. teach D. continue
Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension
Directions: There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer.
Passage 1
Being a salesman, the most important thing is to understand people. You've got to know what they're thinking. If you can figure that out, you cab get them to do a lot. They come in with an idea about what they want. You get them talking about themselves, about what they like.
If it's a man, you talk about football, or something like that. If it's a woman, you ask her about fashions. That way they get comfortable with you. You ask them a lot of questions and get them saying yes. Then they just get into the habit of saying yes.
In the end, you can put them into anything you want, if you're really good. For example, if they need a little ear for the city, you send them home a truck. Of course, I wouldn't really do that. It wouldn't be right. You've got to sell on this job, but you also have to be fair. It's not fair to take advantage of people too much. There are some people in this business who'd do anything. But I don't believe in that.
36、 To be a good salesman, the most important thing is to ______.
A. learn from different kinds of people
B. understand what people are thinking
C. see what people usually do in daily life
D. watch what changes people have made
37、 According to the passage, you can make a woman feel comfortable by ______.
A. talking about fashions
B. playing football together
C. sending a small gift to her
D. saying yes to her questions
38、 One way to make people get into the habit of saying yes is to ______.
A. ask them to say what they like
B. tell them to do anything you want
C. help them feel confident in themselves
D. get them to say yes to a lot of your questions
39、 According to the last paragraph, the author believes that ______.
A. it is right to do anything in business
B. it is useless to believe in what customers say
C. it is unfair to take too much advantage of people
D. it is dangerous to listen to the advice of a salesman
40、 Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Most women like to talk about sports events.
B. Some business people would do anything to sell.
C. It's difficult to understand other people very well.
D. You can make people do anything by talking with them. Passage 2
When it comes to human resources, hiring highly-skilled staff is not usually enough for a company to function successfully. Besides the knowledge in their particular fields, employees must always have additional skills—those of co-operation. In the case that work tasks can only be carried out by communicating with people, accepting common decisions, solving problems, sharing information and helping one another, teamwork skills are vital. While some jobs may require talent, the ability to work as a team is learned. There are no complicated formulas; you don't need to have any special qualities or exceptional mental abilities. Individuals can be effective as a team if they have developed certain behaviors or habits of communication. Many companies, clubs and organizations use team building activities. Team building activities may include a number of teamwork elements. They are aimed at encouraging active participation in task accomplishment while all members have their roles as individuals and are able to co-operate towards a common goal as a team.
Many team building activities focus on problem solving and discussing team issues; thus argument as a way to common consensus (共识) is encouraged. Team building activities often involve recognition and identification of team member skills, talents, knowledge, and experiences which allow the team members to learn more about each other and fully utilize those skills where appropriate. Many team activities are focused on developing keys to trust during challenging times.
41、 In the author's opinion, which of the following is vital for a company to be successful?
A. Specialized knowledge.
B. Highly-skilled staff.
C. Exceptional talent.
D. Teamwork skills.
42、 According to the second paragraph, co-operation skills ______.
A. require special qualities and abilities
B. are learned while working in a team
C. need exceptional mental abilities
D. are quite complicated to learn
43、 Team building activities are good for ______.
A. hiring employees with special talent
B. encouraging employees to co-operate
C. helping employees work independently
D. training employees in their special fields
44、 Why are team members encouraged to argue in team building activities?
A. To come to an agreement.
B. To identify their own skills.
C. To learn more about the company.
D. To build up their own confidence.
45、 What is the best title of the passage?
A. Team Building
B. Problem Solving
C. Communication Skills
D. Company Management Passage 3
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. "I was a clothes addict(迷)," he jokes. "I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled(皱的)." Today David wears casual clothes—khaki pants and a sports shirt—to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. "I'm working harder than ever," David says, "and I need to feel comfortable."
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work. In the United States, the changes from formal to casual office wear have been slow. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their workers to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as "dress-down Friday" or "casual Friday". "What started out as an extra
one-day-a-week benefit for workers has really become an everyday thing," said business adviser Maisly Jones.
Why have so many companies started allowing their workers to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it's easier for a company to attract new workers if it has a casual dress code. "A lot of young people don't want to dress up for work," says the owner of a software company, "so it's hard to hire people if you have a conservative dress code." Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study made by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that casual dress improves employee morale. Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work. Supporters of casual office wear also say that a casual dress code helps them save money. "Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day," one person said. "For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes."
46、 David Smith refers to himself as having been "a clothes addict" because ______.
A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B. he couldn't stand a clean appearance
C. he wanted his clothes to look tidy and clean all the time
D. he didn't want to spend much money on clothes
47、 David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______.
A. they make him feel at ease when working
B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C. he looks handsome in casual clothes
D. he no longer works for any company
48、 According to this passage, which of the following is FALSE?
A. Many workers don't like a conservative dress code.
B. Comfortable clothes make workers more productive.
C. A casual clothes code is welcomed by young workers.
D. All the employers in the U.S. are for casual office wear.
49、 According to this passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.
B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.
C. "Dress-down Friday" was first given as a favor from employers.
D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.
50、 In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned EXCEPT ______.
A. saving worker's money
B. making workers more attractive
C. improving worker's feeling
D. making workers happier
Passage 4
Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know.
First, we know that all men in the world have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that it has no language. And, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many peoples whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of years in developing. This has not always been well understood; indeed, the direct contrary has often been stated. Popular ideas of the language of the American Indians will illustrate. Many people have supposed that the Indians communicated in a very primitive way. Study has proved this to be nonsense. There are, or were, hundreds of American Indian languages, and all of them turn out to be very complicated and very old. They are certainly different from the languages that most of us are familiar with, but they are no more primitive than English and Greek.
A third thing we know about language is that all languages are perfectly adequate. That is, each one is a perfect means of expressing the culture of the people who speak the language.
Finally, we know that language changes. It is natural and normal for language to change; the only languages which do not change are the dead ones. This is easy to understand if we look backward in time. Change goes on in all aspects of language. Grammatical features change as do speech sounds, and changes in vocabulary are sometimes very extensive and may occur very rapidly. Vocabulary is the least stable part of any language.
51、 What can be inferred from the second paragraph?
A. Some backward race of men doesn't have a language of their own.
B. Some race of men in history didn't possess a language of their own.
C. Any human race, whether backward or not, has a language.
D. Some race of men on earth can communicate without language.
52、 What kind of language can peoples of undeveloped cultures have?
A. Complicated.
B. Uncivilized.
C. Primitive.
D. Well-known.
53、 People used to think Indians communicated ______.
A. with complicated language
B. in a primitive way
C. with hand gestures
D. through body movements
54、 What does the word "adequate" (Line 1, Para. 4) most probably mean?
A. Primitive.
B. Unique.
C.
Sufficient. D. Proper.
55、 According to the author, language changes are most likely to occur in ______.
A. grammar
B. pronunciation
C. vocabulary
D. intonation
Ⅳ．Writing
56、Directions: For this part, you're required to write a composition on the topic Raising Pets. You should write at least 100 words, and your composition should be based on the outline given in Chinese below and write your composition on the Answer Sheet.
Outline:
(1)有些人喜欢养宠物，理由……
(2)有些人反对养宠物，理由……
(3)你的观点。

答案:
Ⅰ．Vocabulary & Structure
1、A
[解析] 句意：除非你更努力学习，否则别指望我会帮助你。

词语搭配题。

此处后面跟的是不定式结构to help you，在四个选项中，只有expect一个选项在意思上与句意相符，且能构成expect sb. to do sth. 的结构，因此本题选A。

2、D
[解析] 句意：现在正在讨论的问题是新工厂该建在哪里。

现在分词。

由句子结构可知，空格处属于句子的主语，且空格处内容是对The question的修饰，又由now一词可知，这里表示一个动作正在进行，由于问题是被讨论，需要使用被动语态，所以D是正确答案。

3、A
[解析] 句意：为了去环球旅行，约翰决定放弃现在的工作。

短语辨析。

根据句意，约翰为了能去环球旅行，决定不再从事现在的工作，give up“放弃”符合句子意思，其他三个词组的意思均与句子意思不符，故A为正确选项。

4、B
[解析] 句意：和以前的老房子相比，麦克的新房子看起来就像是一座宫殿。

动词搭配。

本题考查动词compare的用法。

compare with sb./sth.表示“和……相比”，故B为正确答案。

5、C
[解析] 句意：电脑技术使得人们在家工作成为可能。

形容词辨析。

此处的形容词需要表达的意思是“可能的，可行的”，由此可知C为正确答案。

harmful：有害的；serious：严重的；difficult：困难的；三个选项的意思都与句意不符，都可以排除。

6、A
[解析] 句意：听到他们已经开始和贵公司进行商业合作的消息，我们很高兴。

同位语从句。

本题考查的是同位语从句。

此处空格所引导的句子是news的同位语，也就是说空格所引导的是同位语从句，且在这个从句中关联词不充当句子成分，故本题选A。

7、B
[解析] 句意：这个电脑程序的设计目的是实现简便的在线阅读。

固定搭配。

for the purpose of 是固定搭配，意为“为了……，目的是”。

A、C、D三个选项都不能与for the...of构成符合句子意
思的搭配，因此B为正确答案。

8、C
[解析] 句意：此次商业会谈将在下周贵公司的首席执行官抵达后举行。

此处考查的是一般将来时的用法。

句中有明显的时间状语next week，因此句中需要使用一般将来时，且主语business talk 与谓语动词hold之间是被动关系，因此需要will be done的结构，故本题选C。

9、A
[解析] 句意：太吵了，我们发现很难再将谈话进行下去。

句意推断。

本句中so... that结构表示“如此……以至于”，根据本句的意思可知此处需要选择一个表示“进行”的短语，B、C、D的意思均不符合句意要求，可以排除，故A为正确答案。

10、D
[解析] 句意：除非你在三天之内改变主意，否则订单将不能取消。

连词辨析。

本题考查的是双重否定的使用，主句中cannot为否定表达，故此处的条件状语从句中也需要表达相应的否定含义。

A选项后面常跟虚拟语气，B选项后面常跟时间状语从句，C选项后常引导结果状语从句。

unless意为“除非，若不”。

11、B
[解析] 句意：我拒绝的原因是你不可靠。

本题考查表语从句。

在复合句中做表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。

可用从属连词that，whether，as if引导。

虽然because有时也可以引导表语从句，但是当句子主语为reason时，从句只能用that来引导，所以本题应选B。

12、D
[解析] 句意：由于找不到合适的工作，他决定放弃在这个城市里继续寻觅工作了。

该题考查的是现在分词的完成式做原因状语的用法。

该句的后半部分是一个完整的句子，与前半句之间无任何连词连接，因此可以判断：前半句为非谓语动词结构。

fail的逻辑主语与主句主语he一致，且与he之间又是主谓关系，不能用被动语态，排除A和B；另外，逻辑上，找不到合适的工作是决定放弃找工作的原因，而非目的，所以排除C；时间上，应该是找不到合适工作之后决定放弃，所以应该用fail的现在分词完成式having failed。

13、B
[解析] 句意：如果你不介意的话，我宁可做家庭作业，也不要和你打牌。

本题考查词组语义辨析。

“would rather...than...”意为“宁可(愿)……而不要(愿)……”，用以表达主观的意愿，强调经过选择后做一件事，而不愿做另一件事。

had better表示“最好”，后跟动词原形，但不与than连用；prefer sth. to sth. 表示“喜欢……而不喜欢……”；would like to do sth. 表示“宁愿、愿意做某事”。

14、C
[解析] 句意：除了他两个最好的朋友，没有人知道他在哪儿。

本题考查主谓一致。

当主语部分为“主语+后置定语”时，谓语动词只看主语，不看后置定语部分。

引起这种后置定语的单词有：with, along with, together with, as well as, except, besides等。

由于本句主语为不定代词no one，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，与主语保持一致。

15、B
[解析] 句意：条件很有利，他可能会成功。

本题考查形容词词义辨析。

选项中的四个词都可做形容词用，但意思有所差别：favorite意为“特别喜爱的”；favorable意为“称赞的，有利的，有助于……的”；favoring只是favor的词形变化，意为“赞同，偏爱”；favored意为“受到宠爱的；得到偏爱的”，根据句意，可知B为正确选项。

16、C
[解析] 句意：我还没有决定下榻哪家宾馆。

此题考查疑问代词+不定式的用法，又因stay为不及物动词，需加介词at后才可跟宾语。

17、A
[解析] 句意：我们老师要我们写一份案例调查报告。

词语搭配题。

have somebody do something 意为“让某人做某事”。

18、D
[解析] 句意：把这件事记一下，免得你忘了。

虚拟语气题。

lest(以防，以免)后接从句，须用虚
拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可省略。

根据句意，应选D。

19、D
[解析] 句意：鸡蛋虽然对健康有好处，但是含有大量的脂肪。

词语搭配题。

fat content意为“脂肪含量”，为不可数名词，只有amount词组可以修饰不可数名词，所以排除A、B、C。

20、A
[解析] 句意：我们主要关注的是提高人民的生活水平。

动词词义辨析题。

raise：增加，提高(后可直接加宾语)；rise：上升，达到较高的水平(不及物动词)；arise：呈现，发生(不及物动词常与from连用)；arouse：唤醒，激起。

根据句意答案应选A。

Ⅱ．Cloze
21、A
[解析] 空格后由with引导的部分是对speaker的具体说明，结合其中提到的a good, strong...voice可知，选项中只有clear(清晰的)与之相符，所以A正确。

22、A
[解析] 文章一开始就将教师与演员的角色联系在了一起，再结合句意可知，本句所要表达的是根据教学内容进行表演以使讲解清晰易懂，所以A正确。

23、C
[解析] listen和look为不及物动词，应与介词连用才能接宾语，故排除；observe(观察)虽然在语法上正确，但意义上过于严肃，故排除；只有watch在意思和语法上均符合，故选C。

24、B
[解析] 结合上下文可知，好教师并不是一动不动地坐在学生前面的，所以B正确。

要注意的是，此处class指的是班级里的学生，而不是课程。

25、D
[解析] 结合空格后的hands and fingers可知，空格处应填入与之相近的词，以表达“教师借动作来解释教学内容”，所以D正确。

26、A
[解析] 空格前的listen to表示“听”的动作，再结合表并列的and及空格后的内容可知，本句所要表达的是听到教师上课时那抑扬顿挫、悦耳动听的讲课声，而hear表示的就是“听”的结果，所以应选A。

27、A
[解析] 选项中talk和say在含义上符合句意，但say是及物动词，强调说的内容，不能与about搭配，故排除，talk可作不及物动词，与about构成同定搭配，意为“谈论”，所以A正确。

28、C
[解析] act为动词，应用副词修饰，首先可排除A；badly意为“恶劣地，非常”，actively意为“活跃地”，均不符合句意，排除；本句要表达的意思是优秀教师虽有演戏的天赋却未必会很好地演戏，故选C。

29、B
[解析] 由下文对演员和教师的职业特点的比较可知，此处指的应该是两者的区别。

所以B正确，此处的there are differences between...and...意为“……与……有区别”。

30、B
[解析] 上文提到，演员只需将事先背好的台词说出来就可以了，也就是说演员在演一个固定的角色时，台词都是相同的，所以用the same，故选B。

31、D
[解析] 结合上下文可知，空格后的内容与前文是递进关系，即除了台词一样以外，甚至连动作，以及说话的方式都是事先安排好的，故选D。

32、A
[解析] 结合句意可知，演员们所要做的就是把准备好的台词和动作在舞台上自然地表演出来，所以A正确。

33、B
[解析] 结合上下文及本句句意可知，教师与演员在工作方式上有很大的区别，所以B正确。

本句是过渡句，与上文形成了对比。

34、C
[解析] take an active part in意为“在……中起着积极的作用”，因为本段讲的是教师的工作，所以应选C。

35、A
[解析] 句意：教师无法把所有要讲的内容全背下来，他必须在讲课的过程中______。

由此可知，A 正确，此时invent it指的就是创造性地进行教学。

discover意为“发现”，指的是原本就存在的东西现在发现了，与句意不符，故排除。

Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension
Passage 1
36、B
[解析] 事实细节题。

根据第一段第一、二句：“Being a salesman，the most important thing is to understand people. You've got to know what they're thinking.”可知B项正确。

37、A
[解析] 事实细节题。

根据第二段第二、三句：“If it's a woman，you ask her about fashions. That way they get comfortabl e with you.”可知A项正确。

38、D
[解析] 事实细节题。

根据第二段最后两句：“You ask them a lot of questions and get them saying yes. Then they just get into the habit of saying yes.”可知D项正确。

39、C
[解析] 事实细节题。

根据最后一段倒数第三句：“It's not fair to take advantage of people too much”，可知C项正确。

unfair是not fair的同义替换。

40、B
[解析] 事实细节题。

根据最后一段倒数第二句：“There are some people in this business who'd do anything.”可知有些销售人员为了销售会不择手段，什么事都做。

故B项说法正确。

Passage 2
41、D
[解析] 推理判断题。

本题询问“依作者的观点，一家公司想要获得成功，最重要的因素是什么?”文章第一段最后一句指出teamwork skills are vital(团队合作的技能尤为重要)，接下来的第二段和第三段内容围绕的仍然是“团队合作”，由此可推断，作者认为“团队合作”是公司获得成功的关键，因此，本题应选D。

42、B
[解析] 事实细节题。

本题要求找到与第二段对“团队合作技巧”的描述相符的选项。

题干中的
co-operation skill与第二段第一句提到的the ability to work as a team同义，而原文表明“团队合作技巧是后天学习的(...is learned.)”，因此，本题应选B。

其余选项与文章不符。

43、B
[解析] 推理判断题。

本题询问“团队建设活动对什么有利。

”文章第二段最后一句提到团队建设活动的目的，从该句可推断团队建设活动是鼓励员工互相合作、完成任务，选项B与此内容最为相近，故为本题答案。

44、A
[解析] 事实细节题。

本题询问在团队建设活动中鼓励员工相互争论的目的。

最后一段第一句里第二个分句中的argument as a way to common consensus表明争论的目的是为了使员工之间达
成一致的看法，选项A与此意思相同，故为本题答案。

45、A
[解析] 主旨大意题。

本题询问“最适合全文的标题是什么?”文章第一段最后一句指出teamwork skills are vital(团队合作的技能尤为重要)，接下来的第二段和第三段内容围绕的是“培养团队合作”的途径——“团队建设活动”及其主要内容。

由此可见，全文的中心内容应为“团队建设”，因此，本题应选A。

Passage 3
46、C
[解析] 推理判断题。

由文章第一段第二、三句“I was a clothes addict...so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.”可知David想要一直保持他的衣服干净整洁，因此他称自己是个“衣服迷”。

所以选C项。

47、A
[解析] 事实细节题。

从文中第一自然段后半部分可知David “working harder than ever... need to feel comfortable”，因此选A，comfortable与at ease同义。

48、D
[解析] 事实细节题。

由文章最后一段第六句“only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a side effect on work.”可知并非All the employers赞成穿便服上班，故D项表述错误。

49、C
[解析] 推理判断题。

由第二段最后一句“what started out...an everyday thing”可知“一周一天的额外奖励已经变成了日常的事情”。

extra one-day-a-week即dress-down Friday，而dress-down Friday又是雇主给雇员的benefit，即favor，因此C项正确。

50、B
[解析] 事实细节题。

通读最后一段可知选项A(为雇员省钱)、C(提高雇员工作热情)、D(使雇员高兴)在文中均被提及。

而B(使雇员更具吸引力)则是对原文的误解，原文是It's easier for a company to attract new workers(公司更容易吸引雇员)。

因此选B。

Passage 4
51、C
[解析] 推理判断题。

根据第二段第一句可知，世界上所有的人都有某种形式的语言。

故C为正确答案。

52、A
[解析] 推理判断题。

根据文章第三段第二、三句可知，有许多文化不发达的民族，也就是我们所说的不文明民族，他们的语言却并不简单。

在所有的已知语言中，我们可以看到发展了成千上万年的复杂性。

故A为正确答案。

53、B
[解析] 事实细节题。

根据文章第三段第六句可知，过去很多人认为印第安人交流的方式很原始。

故B为正确答案。

54、D
[解析] 词语理解题。

根据文章第四段第二句中的That is(也就是说)可知，第二句具体解释了第一句内容。

故由第二句内容：每种语言都是讲本语言的人表达其文化的完美工具，可推知adequate在本句意为D“合适的，恰当的”。

55、C
[解析] 推理判断题。

根据文中最后一句可知，同汇是任何语言中最容易发生变化的部分。

故C为正确答案。

Ⅳ．Writing
56、Raising Pets
Nowadays, it has become a fashion that people raise the pet eats, birds,
fish, etc. They argue that raising pets can enhance the affection between humans and animals, and increase their sense of happiness. They also believe that raising pets will improve the quality of life.
However, some people oppose raising pets. They think, on the one hand, pets will disturb people's life. For example, pets' waste pollutes the environment, and the dog's barking disrupts people's rest. On the other hand, some pets might spread certain diseases.
As for me, I disapprove of raising pets, because pets, like their wild counterparts, should also belong to nature. When they are restricted to a house, they are actually deprived of their natural rights. We should give them back their freedom.。