it的用法及句型总结

It的用法
一、Tell the functions for “it” in each sentence:
1、—-—What’s the weather together?
-——It is fine.
2. It is hard to communicate with him。

3。

I find it hard to communicate with him.
4. It is Li that who cleaned the classroom.
5。

It is a book.
二、It 用法归纳
1，指代it （1）。

用作人称代词：指代物、整个句子
（2)用作非人称代词
2，形式it：(1）作形式主语（2）作形式宾语
3，强调it
4, 特殊句型
5。

在答语中指代this/that：
1).-——Whose book is that? -—-It’s mine.
三、特别注意：it， one和that作替代词的用法及区别
1。

it代替前面提到的同一事物,该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词。

（特指，指代单数，指代物，同名同物)
Can I borrow your pen？—Sorry，I'm using it。

2。

one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。

该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语. （泛指，指代可数名词，指代人或物,同名异物）
I have a bike. Do you have one?
Eg：
（1）。

I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using______ now.
（2）I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _______soon。

(3）。

that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。

该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词，必须要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。

（特指，指代单数或不可数，指代物,后面有定语）
四：形式主语、宾语、强调句及其他
1、形式主语It
It is important to give the money back to him on time。

不定式
It is no use arguing with such a person。

动名词
It is said that he was the No.1 in the competition。

主语从句
it作句子的形式主语, 后面被指代的主语包括：
不定式
动名词
主语从句
It替代作主语的动名词
It‘s no good/use doing…
It’s (well）worth doing…
例 It's no use crying over spilt milk。

形式主语中的虚拟语气
1.It is important ( necessary，strange，natural.。

.）that 。

It is important that we (should) have enough rice.
2.It's surprising that…（should)………竟然……
例 It's surpring that you should apologize to her without any reason。

3.It is suggested ( ordered /demanded/insisted/commanded..。

) that ..。

that后的从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形），should 可以省；常译为“据建议；有命令．．．）
4.It is suggested that the meeting （should ) be put off.
5.It is a pity ( a shame 。

. ）that ..。

that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），常译为“竟然"。

没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

例如;It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class。

6、It is adj ( for sb。

) to do sth.
important，necessary, natural ，impossible ，unusual , rare ，normal ，easy ，hard , difficult ，dangerous ，pleasant ， likely， right, wrong,, , clear,
obvious， certain， suitable, proper， useful，等、
7. It is adj ( of sb。

）to do sth.
good （好心的），nice(有教养的)，polite，kind ，brave , careless，honest ，modest ，considerate， naughty ，wise ，clever ，thoughtful, careful, crazy，bad ，lazy ，rude ，cruel , foolish ，silly ，stupid ,. 等.
这个句型可以改写为：sb。

is adj to do sth. 。

It is kind of you to say so.
= You are kind to say so.
2、形式宾语it
I think it important to give the money back to him on time。

I find it no use arguing with such a person.
I knew it when he left without saying a word.
it 作形式宾语时，句子的真正宾语是：
不定式
动名词
宾语从句
固定句型：
1、owe it to sb。

that…把…归功于…
2、see to it that:务必。

.。

/负责.。

3、I like (enjoy，hate，dislike…) it when…。

：我喜欢/讨厌。

.。

4、I would appreciate it if…：如果.。

.我将不胜感激
5、keep it in mind that…把…记在心里
6、I like （enjoy, hate…) it when…。

7、I would appreciate it if…
3、强调句it
It is/was+被强调部分+ that（who)…
用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。

当
被强调部分是人时也可以用who。

4、其他含有it的句式
It is time （about time ，high time ）that ..。

例如：It is the first （second .。

）time that 。

It is the first time I have been here。

= This is the first time I have been here
It is ..。

. since ....
since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。

“做某事已经多久了”
例如：It is （has been ） 5 years since his father died.
It is… since +延续性动词的过去式“不做某事已经多久了”
例。

It‘s 10 years since he had breakfast
It is ... when 。

.。

.
when 引导时间状语从句，主句中的it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译为＂当．．．的时候，是．．．＂
例如：It was 5 o'clock when he came here.
It be 。

.。

before 。

..
when从句中常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的it 指时间,表语多是long，not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语,常译为＂．．．后．．．＂。

例如：It was 3 days before he went to Beijing。

It will be not long before he finishes his job.。