考研英语作文必背句型+口译考试技巧

2012 年考研英语作文上 24 分必背句型
【译言译语】口译考试之汉译英五大技巧
笔者发现在历年的口译考试中， 考生们往往可以比较轻松地通过笔试， 可通过口试的人却寥 寥无几。

究其原因，口试中的“拦路虎”主要就是口译部分。

因此，本文想结合历年二阶段考 试的真题，谈一些口译技巧，希望对考生们有所帮助。

技巧一：解释 (explanation) 如果你查字典的话，你会发现，口译这个词的英语(论坛)表达 interpretation, 就是“解释” 的意思，所以口译说到底就是在做一件事“解释”，把意思解释明白就是口译员的职责。

“口 译”不可能像“笔译”那样做到“雅”，因为口译是即席的(impromptu)，译员不可能找个安静 的地方仔细推敲译文。

笔者发现在考试过程中， 很多考生都不屑用一些简单的词来解释意思， 而是用一些自己认为的“高级”词汇，似乎觉得这样才能获得考官的好感，其实，在很多情况 下，考生所用的这些难词，往往不是读音错了，就是搭配出了问题。

所以，在考试的时候， 用简单的词把意思说清楚就可以了，当然，用“高级”词也可以，可前提是不出错。

笔者还发 现，在考试过程中，很多考生总是被“语言形式”所吓住，比如四字格，古诗词等，其实在遇 到这些情况的时候，我们武器就是“解释”，下面我们一起来看几个例子： 中国古代有种舞，就是驱鬼逐疫的祭祀仪式上跳的舞。

In ancient China, there were a form of dance which was performed at ritual ceremonies to frighten off the ghosts and to relieve people of epidemics. 当考生们看到“驱鬼逐疫”的时候，大可不必惊慌，一定要冷静。

先在脑子里把 “驱鬼逐疫” 解释一下，意思就是“让鬼和疾病都远离人们”，接着再口译就比较轻松了。

近一时期， 国际上发生了许多大事， 上至政治家，下至老百姓， 都无法视而不见，充耳不闻。

Some major events have taken place in recent months. None of us, from politicians to people in the street, can afford to overlook. “都无法视而不见，充耳不闻。

”的意思就是“不能忽视”，所以这里大可不必费力的翻译成 “turn a blind eye to, turn a deaf ear to”, 只要翻译成 “overlook”. “neglect” 等词就 可以了。

北京，这座古老而充满活力的城市，正以铿锵的步伐昂首阔步迈向国际现代化大都市之列。

Beijing, an energetic city with a long history, is now becoming/ rising to become one of the world’s modern metropolises.


听到这样的句子，对于练习较少的考生来说，肯定会被“铿锵”、“昂首阔步”搞得晕头转向。

其实，原文的意思也就是“北京正在成为一个国际大都市”。

不知道大家发现没有， 我们在解释的同时其实还在做一件事， 就是“简化”原文。

这是必然的， 要解释一个概念， 我们往往都会选择较简单的文字。

这也是 listener-friendly 的一种做法， 在口译实战中， 让听者明白译文， 是最重要的。

由此， 我们也总结出一条口译原则就是 KISS (keep it simple but not stupid). 提醒大家注意，在简化的同时千万不要犯傻。

如：“秋 高气爽，丹桂飘香”有人就译成 “The sky is high and people feel good. The smell of Guihua is good.” 这种译文真是让人啼笑皆非。

“秋高气爽”的意思就是：秋天天气晴朗， 气候凉爽。

译成 the weather in autumn is fine 即可。

“丹桂飘香”的意思就是“到处可 以闻到桂花的香味”，这里如果“桂花”不会译，可以简化成 flower, 但绝不能简化到拼音 Guihua 的程度。

这个词组可译成 the scent of flower can be smelled everywhere. 其 实，这两句并在一起，还可以做更简单的口译：in the golden season of autumn. 技巧二：运用常识 (common sense) 在二阶段考试的时候，笔者经常发现，考生常常会犯一些常识性的错误。

其实，这些错误， 冷静思考是绝对不可能犯的 例 The most spectacular sights of the Yellowstone Park: the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone. It’s 37 km long and 366 meters deep. 这里“黄石公园的大峡谷”应该是37公里长，很多考生考试的时候答成37米。

大峡谷只有37 米长?答题的时候稍微用点常识，就不会犯这样的错误。

例 South of the canyon lies Yellowstone Lake, one of the world’s largest freshwater lakes. Don’t plan on going for a dip—the water is too cold! 请大家注意划线部分，第一处划线 Yellowstone Lake，有考生翻译成“科罗拉多湖”，这里 很明显是没听清原文就瞎猜， 如果对于“黄石公园”有所了解的话， 就不会猜得那么不靠谱了。

第二处划线，freshwater lakes 有考生译成“新鲜水湖”。

有“新鲜水湖”这个名词吗?根据 常识，最有可能翻译成什么呢?对，应该是“淡水湖”。

第三处划线部分 dip 应该怎么翻译? 很多考生没译出来，dip 的原意是“浸、泡”，在根据上下文以及常识推测，这里的意思应该 是“游泳”。

技巧三：运用简单句型及断句 在口译考试的时候碰到些长句是不可避免，不过大家别慌，我们总有办法化解，这方面我们 要向给温总理做口译的译员学习。

笔者最近对温总理今年三月份的记者招待会做了全文听 写，颇有收获。

总理讲话包括记者提问，很多都是长句，可是译员的译文一点都不花哨，最


常用的三个句型居然是：if…then…(在笔译中，then 一般都是会被省去的，这里译员完全 是按照中文里的 “ 如果 … 那么 …” 的句型口译 ) ， not only…but also…, on the one hand…on the other hand.而且，把长句断句的情况也屡见不鲜。

在译员的口译中，基本 是看不见从句或是分词的踪影，即便是要连接两个句子，也基本上是用的 and 或是 but 这 样的词。

请考生看下面几个例子： 去年下半年以来，物价上涨过快，给群众生活，特别是低收入群体带来很大的困难。

In last year, particularly the latter part of last year, the price level rose excessively. This has made the lives of people, particularly those low income groups more difficult. 这个句子并不长，后半句完全可以用一个定语从句接上去，可是译员却做了断句的处理。

笔 者认为， 译员之所以没有用定语从句是为了让听众听得更清楚， 因为听众在听定语从句的时 候，往往要多费脑筋，有的时候还搞不清楚在修饰哪个词。

但是中国是一个有13亿人口的发展中国家，我们还必须保持经济有一定的发展速度来解决 就业的压力，通过发展解决前进中的问题。

At the same time we need to bear in mind that china is a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion. We must ensure that our economy continues to grow at a proper way in order to ease the pressure on employment and in this way we will properly address the problems on our way ahead through further development. 在这句话中，译员在“发展中国家”处断开了。

其实，这句话也可以译成因果句，As china is a developing country with a population of 1.3 billion, we must……,笔者认为译成 因果句使得上下文更连贯，可是这里译员并没有这么处理，可能是现场压力大，根本来不及 仔细思考。

这样的例子在记者招待会中还有很多，所以，笔者在这里大胆地建议考生们，在 听到长句时，不妨就分割成几个小句，这样不仅降低了长句的难度，而且还不易出错。

对于追求译文 elegance 的人来说，看到这些译文恐怕会大失所望。

其实，如果你觉得失望 的话，这说明你对口译和笔译的差异还不了解，在现场压力之下，口译追求 elegance 是不 现实的，国家级的口译员尚且做不到这一点，更何况我们呢?所以，这里要给各位考生提个 醒，切忌追求花哨的句型，考官不会因为你用了花哨的句型给你加分，或是简单的句型给你 扣分，他注意的是你有没有把意思翻译出来，而且，你用了复杂句型后，即使翻译对了，让 人听起来也会很吃力，我们最好要做到 listener-friendly，站在考官的角度上想想吧。

下面我们再来分析真题中的几个句子：


不同社会制度和文化传统的国家，只要以各国人民的根本利益为重，彼此尊重，相互包容， 就完全能够超越意识形态差别，在和平共处五项原则基础上共同发展。

(高口) Countries with different social systems and cultural traditions can transcend ideological differences and enjoy common development on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence provided that they give priority to their people’s fundamental interests and respect and tolerate each other. 这里的参考译文中用了 provided that…巧妙地把“只要….相互包容”译成了条件句，译文 连贯自然。

但在实际的考试过程中，笔者发现很多考生理不清分句之间的关系，更不用说调 整语序了。

其实，在口译考试过程中，要调整语序的话，一定是不得已而为之的事，笔者不 建议考生在考试的时候调整语序， 尽量顺着原句的语序说下来， 适当断句， 这样是最节省“脑 力”的方法。

所以，这个长句可以改译成： Countries with different social systems and cultural traditions must give priority to their people’s fundamental interests and respect and tolerate each other. Finally, those countries can transcend ideological differences and enjoy common development on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. 当然，改译后的句子恐怕让原句的连贯性受到一些干扰，但这也是没要办法的事，在口译中 追求完美是不现实的。

例 Chinese communities are thriving in many American urban centers, and their reputation as a model minority has aroused further interest in this distant land, which is so vastly different.(中口) 许多美国城市的华人社区一片繁荣， 并且享有模范少数民族的美誉， 这让美国人对这个和他 们的文化大相径庭的遥远国度产生了浓厚的兴趣。

参考译文中， 把最后的定语从句前置了， 笔者发现很多考生其实并不具备在短时间内听出定 语从句，并完美翻译出来的能力。

所以，在这里比较省事的方法恐怕是把这个定语从句和主 句断开。

这句话可改译成：许多美国城市的华人社区一片繁荣，并且享有模范少数民族的美誉，这让 美国人对这个遥远过度产生了浓厚兴趣。

然而，他们的文化却大相径庭。

口译技巧之四：重复 笔者发现在记者招待会的口译中， 口译员频频使用的技巧之一就是重复， 这对于各位考生朋 友来说非常值得借鉴。

就拿2008年3月温总理的记者招待会的口译为例： [温家宝]我们不仅有能力维护西藏的稳定和正常的社会秩序， 而且要继续支持西藏的经济发 展和社会进步，提高西藏各族人民的生活，保护西藏的文化和生态环境。

这个立场是不会动 摇的。

We are fully capable of maintaining stability and the normal public order in Tibet and at the same time we will continue to support the effort of Tibet to develop the economy and make social progress. We will continue to help Tibet to improve the livelihood of people of all ethnic groups and we will continue to support the efforts to protect the cultural and natural environment in Tibet. We will never waver in this position. [温家宝]我们之所以反对“入联公投”，就是因为如果这样一些主张得逞的话，它将改变台湾 和大陆同属于一个中国的现状，势必冲击两岸关系，势必危害两岸人民的根本利益，势必造 成台海局势的紧张，破坏台海和平以至亚太地区的和平。

We are opposed to the so-called referendum scheme for Taiwan’s membership in the United Nations because we believe that if such scheme should succeed, it would deny the reality that both Taiwan and mainland belong to one and the same china. And that will deal a serious blow to cross-straits relations. That will harm the fundamental interests of people on both sides. That will cause tension in the Taiwan Straits and that will threaten the peace in the Taiwan Straits and peace in the Asia-Pacific region at large. [温家宝]但是只要中印双方都抱有诚意，本着平等相待、互谅互让的原则，我想解决边界问 题的谈判会有新的进展。

I would like to say that as long as china and India have the sincerity in resolving the issue, as long as we approach the issue on the basis of equality, mutual benefits and mutual accommodation ， new progress will be made in the negotiations. 各位考生朋友不难发现，笔者划线的部分都是重复的部分，例1和例2中，译员重复了主语 和谓语部分，例3重复了连接词 as long as。

在整个记者招待会的口译中，这样的重复可以 说是比比皆是，此外，还有主语，不定式，介词词组的重复等，这里不再一一列举。

这和我 们上一次讲到的“简单句和断句”技巧也是相通的。

重复的好处就在于： 1.增加思考的时间。

笔者看到很多考生在口译的时候结结巴巴，口译中最忌讳的就是停顿， 这样不仅会给考官留下不好的印象， 而且也会让自己失去信心， 所以考生们不妨借鉴国家级 译员的这种做法，利用重复的时间来思考下面的译文。

2.让语言保持连贯。

口译的时候，译员往往不轻易变动原句的语序，因为改动语序会耗费 更多的脑力。

既然语序不轻易变动，那么译文的连贯就是一个问题，这个时候，“重复”就是 一个非常好的解决问题的办法。

3.让语言表达更清楚易懂。

设想我们在做笔译的话，肯定不会有这么多的重复，过多的重 复会让人觉得啰嗦。

而在口译中，重复却可以让听的人快速而又轻松的明白译文，这是由口 译的特点决定的，因为口译的时候，信息输入的方式是耳朵。

其实，这也给各位考生一个启 示，口译考试的时候，关键不在于你用多么出彩的句型，而在于你要让考官听清楚你要表达 的意思。

口译技巧之五：难词猜测 在口译考试中碰到生词可以说是必然的， 笔者发现在考试中很多考生因为一两个生词而放弃 了考试。

考生朋友们对于生词一定要有正确的看法，口译主要是翻译意思，并不是十分注重 细节，如果生词是形容词、副词，不翻译问题也不是太大，即使是关系句子意思的一些词， 我们也可以通过上下文进行推测，考生们要切忌听到生词就停顿下来思考，这个时候，仔细 听下面的内容其实更重要。

请看下面一例： Our high schools are obsolete and out-of-dated. By “obsolete”, I don’t just mean that they are broken, old-fashioned and under-funded. 这是中级口译考试中的一句话，笔者发现考试的时候，很多考生对 obsolete 这个词比较陌 生 ， 其 实 这 个 词 的 意 思 通 过 上 下 文 就 能 猜 出 来 ， 这 句 话 中 obsolete 的 近 义 词 有 out-of-dated, broken, old-fashioned, 所以， obsolete 这个词就可以译成“陈旧的”、 “过 时的”。

I am very happy to meet with so many scholars at this annual astrobiology conference in the beautiful city of Boston, Massachusetts. 这句中的 astrobiology 是个难点，我们可以从构词法猜测出它的意思，astro-表示“外太 空的”，biology 表示“生物学”，所以整个词连起来，译成“外太空生物学”或“天体生物学”， 考生们猜出这个词的意思并不困难。

英文新年祝福：值得珍藏一整年的短信


My wishes for you, 我祝你： Great start for Jan, 一月成功开好头， Love for Feb, 二月幸福满枝头， Peace for March, 三月平和不离手， No worries for April, 四月万事不烦忧， Fun for May, 五月欢乐时时有， Joy for June to Dec, 剩下都是好时候， Have a lucky and wonderful new year. 祝新的一年快乐美满走大运。

句型 1.There be 结构 1) There are other techniques that might help you with you studying. 2) There is more entertainment in a good book than is a month of typical TV programming. 3) Most curious of all, there was no quality control whatsoever. 4) There were no breaks in the day to relieve the boring work. 5) In the past 50 years there has been a great increase in the amount of research being done on the brain. 6) There are so many of thee paths and so many metal particles that it is impossible to land a flying saucer without is being smashed by one. 7) There is much that we can learn from him today. 8) There are two sides to every question. If you take one side with decision and act on it with effect, those who take the other side will of course resent your actions. 9) There is no sense(道理)in leaving important decisions to inexperienced people.


10) There is little sense in treating the child so severely. After all he is too young to know that he was doing wrong. 11) There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently, treat just as well as or better than any other surgeon. 12) There were still situations in which I couldn‟t be certain my decision had been the right one. 13) There‟s no right or wrong in the situation. There‟s just luck. 14) There‟s no way to prepare for the next time—no intelligent response to a gun. 15) There is no way to stop the process of aging. In fact, we can only delay it. 16) There are other indications that high school cheating may be on the rise (还有一些迹象表明……) 17) There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow(起伏波动) 18) Today there is evidence that the time between each of the steps in this cycle has been shortened. 19) There can be on doubt that he is the right person for the job. 20) There is no doubt that their support will make a difference in out cause . 21) There is no doubt that these measures will contribute to the solution of the problem. 22) There is no doubt that Jim had more talent than anybody who ever played football. 23) There‟s no substitute(替代物) for practical experience. 24) There is urgent need to debate this issue openly 25) There are tow ways in which one can own a book. 26) There have been some small fluctuation(波动) in the past year, but by and large prices have remained stable. 2.It 结构 1) It is advisable to exercise(拥有) patience in dealing with such complicated situations. 2) It is advisable to place important telephone numbers nest to the phone in case of an emergency.


3) It is biologically reasonable for deer to reduce their cost of living to increase their chances of surviving in winter. 4) It is essential that the increase in production should be geared to (适应) the increase in public demand. 5) It is necessary that young and old people should communicate more with each other. 6) It is thoughtless of some parents to allow their children to watch whatever program is on television. 7) It is incredible(不可思议) that he ate the big cake just in tow bites. 8) It was obvious to everyone that the marriage would sooner or later end in separation if not diverce. 9) It was clear that Dad could do no more than he was doing already. 10) It is certain that fresh air and exercises are more valuable than medicine. 11) It is certain that with determination and hard work you will succeed eventually. 12) It was quite apparent that both sides were making a great effort to win the prize. 13) It was almost impossible for an Indian to gain even a fair education an extremely difficult, as a result, for an Indian to rese high in life. 14) It is easy to fall into bad habits but very difficult to break away form them. 15) It‟s not easy to size up (估计) the situation right now. For we are not well informed on recent developments. 16) It is not easy to say exactly what each part of the brain does. 17) It is not wise to change you money into U . S. currency. 18) It was not until about 1600B.C. when the chariot (马拉战车) was invented that the maximum speed was raised to roughly twenty miles per hour. 19) It is only recently that science has begun to give us some idea of how the brain really works 20) It was not until the century that man realized that the whole of the brain was involved in the working of the mind.


21) It is conflict and not unquestioning agreement that keeps freedom alive. 22) It was in times of crisis that I finally found out what he was really like. 23) It took the human race millions of years to attain that record. 24) It took a mere twenty-year flick(一瞬) of time to double the limit again. 25) It takes (took) sb. some time to do sth. 26) If it takes less time to bring a new idea to the marketplace, it also takes less time for it to sweep through the society. 27) It will take the council a few weeks to judge the situation before it takes any further action. 28) It is well known that many of our problems are caused at least in part by failure to communicate. 29) It is fairly well known that wild animals survive form year to year by eating as much as they can during times of plenty. 30) It is probably less well known that even with their stored fat, wild animals spend less energy to live in winter than in summer. 31) It remains unknown whether there are intelligent beings outside the solar system. 32) It has been pointed out that in 6000B. C. the fastest transportation available to man over 33) It is now thought that the more work we give our brains, the more w** able to do. 34) It can be argued that such a response may not mean much (有人认 为……) 35) It is reported that the electronic industry is going on rapidly in recent year. 36) It is reported that there has been a decrease in the annual birth rate over the last two decades. 37) It is estimated that the total expenses in the trial manufacture of the new products will come to 30,000 yuan. 38) Once it was thought that nighttime dreams interfered with our needed rest.


39) It has been observed that unemployment brings enormous psychological troubles.
40) Even so, it seemed to him that he was part of the whole event.
41) It seems to me that the Americans are a highly mobile people. Most of them like to travel whenever they get the chance.
42) It seemed to me that the only thing that mattered was to get her husband back to her.
43) But it is only because it is my work to do so.
44) It is an encouraging sign that people‟s purchasing power(购买力)is on the rise.
45) It is common knowledge that chalk absorbs moisture (湿气) from the air.
46) It might be a way to avoid the indignity of having to ask for money all the time.
47) It used to be a popular belief the we could foretell a person‟s future on the basis of the date and time of his birth.
48) It pays in the long run (从长远的角度看……) to introduce new technique
49) It is time for out symbols of technology to change — to catch up with the quickening changes in technology itself.
50) It has been only twenty-five years since television came to one of people‟s pastimes.
51) It may well come as a surprise to learn that not only psychologists but other behavioral scientists have come to accept the positive contribution of work to the individual‟s happiness and sense of personal achievement.
3.动名词或分词结构
1) Improving your study habits will improve your grades.
2) Teaching gives me pace, and variety, and challenge, and the opportunity to keep on learning.
3) Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied.
4) Having little in common is a frequent cause of divorce.
5) Owing sets of books is useless unless you read them.
6) Drinking, eating, and smoking excessively can do severe harm to even a young person‟s health.
7) The art of communication requires learning the language and culture of the audience.
4.递进式结构
1) Fresh vegetables are nutritious(有营养的); furthermore, they re cheaper than frozen ones.
2) We will not only bring joy into other people‟s lives, but also added happiness into our own.
3) But teaching offers something beside money and power; it offers love. Not only the love of learning and go books and ideas, but also the love that a teacher feels for his students.
4) Not only should you limber up (做准备活动) before exercising, but you must also be sure to cool down afterwards.
5) They do not seem to like one anther very much. Neither are they too keen on conventional people (正统的人)
5.主语从句结构
1) What makes it rather disturbing (令人烦恼) was the arbitrary circumstances both of my arrest and my subsequent fate in court.
2) But what was most shocking at the time was the thins my release from the charge so clearly depended on .
3) What I remember then is not her failure, but her courage, the courage to go ahead.
6.过渡句
1) This is not necessarily the case, however.
2) We want to keep up with the times.
3) Good intentions alone are not enough.
4) It was indeed the case.
5) But modern research has found that this is not so.
6) But it is now thought that this in not so.
7) What does this mean as far as our flying saucer program is concerned?
8) As for as I am concerned, some days are lucky while others seem marked by bad fortune.
9) And that last ounce is what really counts.
10) What is the point of being rich? (富有的意义何在呢？)
11) What other power matters? [其他的权力有什么重要的(要紧的)呢？
12) Yet there are advantages to underground life.
7.表示重要性或必要性
1) It‟s important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies , and entertainment as well.
2) Improved consumer confidence is extremely important to an economic recovery.
3) What is important in both stories is that honesty was seen as an important part of the American character.
4) The ability to observe keenly and in detail is necessary for anyone who wishes to become a scientist.
5) To find a solution to a conflict, it is often necessary to make some kind of compromise (妥协)
6) A harmonious atmosphere is essential(necessary / critical / indispensable) to successful reform.
7) It is essential that the increase in production should be geared to (适应) the increase in public demand.
8) The essential point is that military sanctions (军事制裁) cannot be counted on (指望) to produce a sure result.
9) The emphasis of the report is on how technology affects human life rather than business.
10) We should make a careful study of the problem and try to find out a solution to it.
8.表示目的
1) The purpose of a test is to show what you have leaned about a subject.
2) Believe it or not, her only purpose in saying all that is to help you help yourself
3) The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”—students who take tests for other students.
4) The intent is not to catch everyone but rather to catch enough to spread the word.
5) Competitive sports are recommended to young adults to prepare them for the competitive world of college and business.
6) The ultimate object of scientific inquiry is to discover the laws of nature.
9.表示结果
1) Too much discussion will only lead to confusion.
2) Too much work and too little rest may lead to loss of health
3) If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get confused.
4) He had experienced fear and conquered it . In doing so, he had undoubtedly learnt something about himself.
5) Efforts to bring together people of different races and cultures have not met with (获得) complete success.
6) we have made numerous attempts to solve the problem, but so far our efforts have been unsuccessful.
7) state financial support given in the form of scholarships has stimulated.
8) By consistent hard work we have achieved the major economic objectives (目标) of the ninth five-year plan.
9) New machines were introduced into the factory. As a result, not only were time and energy saved but production was greatly increased.
10) The pressures of modern urban life have led to increased occurrences(发生)of alcoholism(酗酒)and drug abuse(吸毒), mental illness, suicide(自杀), and divorce in Western societies.
11) We note with satisfaction that all these activities have helped to promote mutual understanding and friendship between our two countries.
12) The damage done to manmade structures and to human beings by weather would be gone.
13) The population is leveling off (处于平衡状态) in the area as a result of family planning.
14) For large numbers of people, the absence of work is harmful to their health.
10.表示对比和比较
1) Of all American cities, San Francisco is considered by many to be by far the most beautiful.
2) Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.
3) We are much less conscious of the extent to which work provides the more crucial(关键)psychological well-being that can make the difference between a full and an empty life.
4) Work is more than a necessity for most human beings; it is the focus of their lives, the source of their identity and creativity.
5) Rather than a punishment or a burden, work is the opportunity to realize one‟s potential.
6) Few pastimes bring a family closer together than gathering around and listening to mother or father read good story
7) Man differs most from all the other animals in his ability to learn and use language but we still do not know exactly how this is done.
8) Generally speaking(In general), young people are less conservative(保守)than old people.
9) The way the brain works is far more complicated than they had thought.
10) The more scientists find out, the more questions they are unable to answer.
11) Many Americans choose to travel by car rather than by any other means of transportation.
12) Worse perhaps was the idea of Saturday afternoon cricket.
13) There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently, treat just as well as or better that any other surgeon.
14) Social customs are different from what they used to be fifty years ago.
15) He has to feel that he‟s good as and probably better than any other
surgeon in the world.
16) Behavior which may be considered quite strange in one culture is often looked upon as completely normal in another.
17) It is as hard to pass her by without giving her some money as it is to ignore the collection box in church.
18) It is as morally hard to turn her away as it is a lost dog.
19) Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that attitudes towards night dreaming have changed.
20) We accept the authority of our parents when we are young, but as we mature we may begin to question their advice.
11.表示条件或假设的结构
1) Without the distraction of TV, they might sit around together after dinner.
2) As long as the brain is given plenty of exercise it keeps its power.
3) Were it left to me to decide whether we should have a government. without newspapers of newspapers without a government, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.
4) Without a degree and with no experience in teaching my chances of getting the job were slim.
5) With the introduction of a new assembly line, we hope to step up the production of our factory.
6) Whether day or night. Summer or winter, temperatures in the underground world would remain equable and nearly constant.
7) However odd and repulsive(古怪难受)underground living may seem at first thought, there are things to be said for it.
12.表示举例
1) Everything from the generation gap to the high divorce rate to some forms of mental illness.
2) Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night.
3) A case in point is students in New York State who faced criminal misdemeanor chares for possessing and selling advance copies of state。