使役动词的用法详解(用))

使役动词的用法详解

使役动词

1.使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的不完全及物动词,主要有leave.get.keep.make(使,令),let(让),help(帮助), have(有；让；从事；允许；拿)等。

2.使役动词后接受词,再接原形不定词作受词补语。

接宾语时，人称代词用宾格。

He made me(宾格)laugh.

他使我发笑。

I let him go.

我让他走开。

I helped him repair the car.

我帮他修理汽车。

Please have him come here.

请叫他到这里来。

3.使役动词还可以接过去分词作受词补语。

I have my hair cut every month.

我每个月理发。

4.使役动词的被动语态的受词补语用不定词,不用原形不定词。

(主)He made me laugh.

他使我笑了。

(被)I was made to laugh by him.

我被他逗笑了。

使役动词有以下用法：

a.have somebody do sth让某人去做某事

I had him arrange for a car.

b.have somebody doing sth.让某人持续做某事。He had us laughing all through lunch.

注意：用于否定名时，表示“允许”

i won't have you running around in the house.

我不允许你在家里到处乱跑。

“使役动词”的用法

1.have sb do让某人干某事

e.g:What would you have me do?

have sb/sth doing让某人或某事处于某种状态，听任e.g:I won't have women working in our company. The two cheats had the light burning all night long. have sth done让别人干某事，遭受到

e.g:you'd better have your teeth pulled out.

He had his pocket picked.

notes:"done"这个动作不是主语发出来的。

2.make sb do sth让某人干某事

e.g:They made me repeat the story.

What makes the grass grow?

notes:I was made to repeat the story.

make sb/sth done/adj./n

e.g.The news made him happy.

He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.

His actions made him universally respected.

He made her his wife.

3.get sb to do使某人干某事

e.g:I can't get anyone to do the work properly.

get sth done让别人干某事

e.g:I must get my hair cut.

Can you get the work finished in time?

4.leave sb to do sth让某人干某事

e.g:We left him to paint the gate.

I'll leave you to settle all the business.

leave sb doing让继续处于某种状态

e.g:Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.

We left him painting the gate.

leave sth done/adj./prep.phrase

e.g:Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.

His illness has left him weak.

I was left with a ray of hope.

使役性动词（Causative Verb）

1.make/have/let+sb+do sth.

2.get/set/leave+sb to do/doing sth.

(一)have使，让，不用于被动语态

.have+宾语+done

(1)叫、让、请，致使别人做某事，动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。（强调主观的意志，即主语的意志致使某事发生或被做到）—I’ll have my bike repaired this afternoon.今天下午我要请人修自行车。

—I have my hair cut every month.我每个月都理发。

表示主观意志的have也可以用get代替，例如：

—Where can I get（have）this printed？我在哪里能（找人）把这份东西打印出来呢？

(2)遭遇不幸事件（与主观意志完全无关）

—He had his wallet stolen at the station.他的钱包在火车站不幸遭窃。

—He has his leg broken in a fall．他的腿摔断了。

2．have+宾语+do让……做某事，动作执行者为宾语—He had her go there.他让她去那儿。

—I have my children clean the house before you arrive．在你们来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。

这个结构中have有时也可以用get代替，但这时后面的动词不定式需带to，例如：

—I got him to write a letter to my boss．我要他写一封信给我的雇主。

3.have+宾语+adj.（形容词）/adv.（副词）/prep.（介词）促使某一动作发生，或使役动作产生的变化结果或状态。

—Please have your money ready.请准备好钱。