仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage2-117-118SEGMENT1REVIEW
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仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage5210APPROACHPROCEDURES
APPROACH
Approach Procedures
Safely Finding The Airport
Precision Approaches
Precision Approaches provide vertical guidance in addition to lateral guidance, most often through the use of an electronic glideslope. Precision Approaches include:
Final Segment of a VOR Approach (non-precision with FAP)
Missed Approach Segment
Navigate from MAP to missed approach holding point. Depicted on every approach
• NDB
• RNAV (GPS)
• ASR – Airport Surveillance Radar
• Localizer (front & back courses)
• LDA / SDF / RNAV
The United States Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures (TERPS) is the approved criteria for formulating instrument approach procedures.
–Intermediate fix (IF) –Begins at point where you are
proceeding inbound to the final approach fix, properly aligned. –Not all approaches have an intermediate fix
Approach Procedures
Safely Finding The Airport
Precision Approaches
Precision Approaches provide vertical guidance in addition to lateral guidance, most often through the use of an electronic glideslope. Precision Approaches include:
Final Segment of a VOR Approach (non-precision with FAP)
Missed Approach Segment
Navigate from MAP to missed approach holding point. Depicted on every approach
• NDB
• RNAV (GPS)
• ASR – Airport Surveillance Radar
• Localizer (front & back courses)
• LDA / SDF / RNAV
The United States Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures (TERPS) is the approved criteria for formulating instrument approach procedures.
–Intermediate fix (IF) –Begins at point where you are
proceeding inbound to the final approach fix, properly aligned. –Not all approaches have an intermediate fix
仪表等级理论训练大纲-仪表飞行航图
3.1.2 .4着陆最低标准
3.1.2 .5飞机进近种类
3.1.2 .6所需能见度
3.1.2 .7最低下降要求
3.1.2 .8不工作部分
3.1.3其它进近程序
3.2机场图
3.2.1表头部分
3.2.2机场概览和使用说明
3.2.3起飞和备降最低标准
2.1.5机场
2.1.6空域
2.2区域图
3仪表进近图
3.1进近图
3.1.1进近航段
3.1.1 .1进场航段
3.1.1 .2起始进近航段
3.1.1 .3中间进近航段
3.1.1 .4最后进近航段
3.1.1 .5复飞航段
3.1.2航图布局
3.1.2 .1表头部分
3.1.2 .2计划概览
3.1.2 .3剖面图示
1、概述
阶段名称
第2阶段
课程名称
仪表飞行航图
课程编号
2.2
课程时间
6.0(小时)
2、课程内容
1离场图和进场图
1.1标准仪表离场图
1.1.1飞行员引导型标准仪表离场
1.1.2引导型标准仪表离场
1.2标准终端进场航图
2航路图和区域图
2.1航路图
2.1.1使用信息
2.1.2导航设备
2Hale Waihona Puke 1.3全向信标航路2.1.4通信联络
3.1.2 .5飞机进近种类
3.1.2 .6所需能见度
3.1.2 .7最低下降要求
3.1.2 .8不工作部分
3.1.3其它进近程序
3.2机场图
3.2.1表头部分
3.2.2机场概览和使用说明
3.2.3起飞和备降最低标准
2.1.5机场
2.1.6空域
2.2区域图
3仪表进近图
3.1进近图
3.1.1进近航段
3.1.1 .1进场航段
3.1.1 .2起始进近航段
3.1.1 .3中间进近航段
3.1.1 .4最后进近航段
3.1.1 .5复飞航段
3.1.2航图布局
3.1.2 .1表头部分
3.1.2 .2计划概览
3.1.2 .3剖面图示
1、概述
阶段名称
第2阶段
课程名称
仪表飞行航图
课程编号
2.2
课程时间
6.0(小时)
2、课程内容
1离场图和进场图
1.1标准仪表离场图
1.1.1飞行员引导型标准仪表离场
1.1.2引导型标准仪表离场
1.2标准终端进场航图
2航路图和区域图
2.1航路图
2.1.1使用信息
2.1.2导航设备
2Hale Waihona Puke 1.3全向信标航路2.1.4通信联络
仪表等级飞行员理论培训
理论培训的考核标准
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仪表等级飞行员理论培训的考核 内容
仪表等级飞行员理论培训的考核 标准
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仪表等级飞行员理论培训的考核 方式
仪表等级飞行员理论培训的考核 结果
P仪A表R等T级5飞行员理论培训的实
践应用
仪表等级飞行员在飞行中的实践应用
仪表等级飞行员的基本要求：具备相应的理论知识和技能，能够熟练操作飞行仪表和设备。
法与要求
理论培训的方法
制定培训计划：根据学员的实际 情况和需求，制定合理的培训计 划
教学方法：采用多种教学方法， 如讲解、演示、模拟训练等
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教学内容：包括仪表等级飞行员 的理论知识、操作技能、安全知 识等
教学评估：对学员的学习情况进 行评估，及时调整教学计划和教 学方法
YOUR LOGO
仪表等级飞行员理 论培训
,a click to unlimited possibilities
汇报人：
时间：20XX-XX-XX
目录
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03
04
05
06
仪表等级飞行 员培训的重要 性
仪表等级飞行 员理论培训的 内容
仪表等级飞行 员理论培训的 方法与要求
仪表等级飞行 员理论培训的 实践应用
先进技术的应用：随着科技的不断进步，无人机、人工智能等先进技术的应用将为仪表等级飞行 员培训提供更多的实践机会和培训手段。
国际化趋势：随着全球化的加速，跨国航空公司的不断扩张将为仪表等级飞行员提供更多的就业 机会和国际化发展机遇。
最新飞行员国外培训飞行的培训一共...
最新飞行员国外培训飞行的培训一共...一般情况下，从出国到达航校开始，你的培训就开始了，从达到航校到离开航校之前，英语都是大家学习的重点，这个也是国内航空公司送大家出国培训的一个原因，英语的培训可以分为两个方面，第一是日常英语，这个是大家在国外立足生活的根本。
另外一方面的是陆空通话，陆空通话是大家飞行的一个重点，基本的飞行大家都没有问题，但是问题往往就是陆空通话是大家的难点。
飞行的培训一共分为三个大的阶段，私照（PPL）、仪表等级（IR）、多发商照（MECPL），其中每个阶段都是40课。
每个阶段一般都分为不同的小的阶段分别对学习的内容进行考核，每小个阶段的考核基本都分为两部分——口试部分和飞行部分，口试部分先进行，如果口试部分不通过，则不进行飞行部分的考试，如果考核不通过则重新和教员进行复习飞行，直到考核通过则进行下一个阶段的学习。
私照（PPL）共分为3个阶段，其中第一阶段为第19课，口试的内容包含：Takeoff and landing Data / Weight and Balance / Weather（起飞着陆的数据的计算/装载和配平的计算/基本的天气信息的获得和分析）、FAR Part 61 and 91（联邦航空飞行条例61部和91部相关内容）、Airspace pertaining to the local airports and practice areas（与飞行训练区和训练机场有关的空域分析）、Performance and Limitations of the PA 28- 181（训练用飞机PA28-181的基本性能参数和限制）；飞行的学习和考核的内容包含：Normal Crosswind Takeoffs（正常和侧风起飞）、Traffic Pattern Operations（起落航线的操作）、Normal and Crosswind Landings （正常和侧风情况下的降落）、Steep Turn（大坡度转弯）、Slow Flight（慢速飞行）、Stalls（失速：带动力和不带动力失速）、Emergency Landings（紧急着陆）、ATC Communications（陆空通话）、Rejected Landing（中断着陆、复飞）。
仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage2-116REGSPART91,NTSB
equipment requirements – For IFR operation, aircraft must be
equipped with an operable VOR or TACAN receiver
will not cause interference with navigation or communication systems of the aircraft
14 CFR 91.103
• Preflight Action: NW KRAFT • (a) For a flight under IFR, pilot should know:
14 CFR 91.21
• Portable Electronic Devices
– Not allowed to be operated while an aircraft is under IFR
• Not included in the list is:
– Portable voice recorders – Hearing aids – Heart pacemakers – Electric shavers – Any other device the operator has determined
• N- Notams (all available info concerning flight) • W- weather reports and forecasts • K - known traffic delays • R –runway lengths • A- alternatives available • F -fuel requirements • T –Take Off/Landing Distance info, Section (b)
equipped with an operable VOR or TACAN receiver
will not cause interference with navigation or communication systems of the aircraft
14 CFR 91.103
• Preflight Action: NW KRAFT • (a) For a flight under IFR, pilot should know:
14 CFR 91.21
• Portable Electronic Devices
– Not allowed to be operated while an aircraft is under IFR
• Not included in the list is:
– Portable voice recorders – Hearing aids – Heart pacemakers – Electric shavers – Any other device the operator has determined
• N- Notams (all available info concerning flight) • W- weather reports and forecasts • K - known traffic delays • R –runway lengths • A- alternatives available • F -fuel requirements • T –Take Off/Landing Distance info, Section (b)
仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage2-110-AIRPORTS
• Blast Pad / Stopway Areas
– Yellow chevrons – May not be used for taxi, takeoff, or landing – At military bases, this is called an “Overrun”
Airport Signs
– Includes all on Visual plus: –Threshold Markings –Aiming Point Markings (1000 ft)
Precision Runway Markings
• Precision Instrument Runways
– Includes all on Visual & Non-precision plus:
– Xs or simply blocked off
• Displaced Threshold
– Begin/end normal operations for takeoff and landing rollout, not for landing.
– White arrows leading to displaced threshold
• Hold lines
– keep aircraft clear of runways
– Solid line on taxiway side: Do not cross without clearance!
– Dashed line on runway side: “dash across dashed
– Touchdown Zone Markings
• 500 ft intervals for first 3000 ft or half, whichever is less
– Yellow chevrons – May not be used for taxi, takeoff, or landing – At military bases, this is called an “Overrun”
Airport Signs
– Includes all on Visual plus: –Threshold Markings –Aiming Point Markings (1000 ft)
Precision Runway Markings
• Precision Instrument Runways
– Includes all on Visual & Non-precision plus:
– Xs or simply blocked off
• Displaced Threshold
– Begin/end normal operations for takeoff and landing rollout, not for landing.
– White arrows leading to displaced threshold
• Hold lines
– keep aircraft clear of runways
– Solid line on taxiway side: Do not cross without clearance!
– Dashed line on runway side: “dash across dashed
– Touchdown Zone Markings
• 500 ft intervals for first 3000 ft or half, whichever is less
仪表等级飞行员理论培训
仪表等级飞行员理论培训概述仪表等级飞行员（Instrument Rating，简称IR）是指具备在飞行中依赖于仪表设备进行导航与飞行操作的能力。
仪表飞行是在无法直接依赖于目视条件进行飞行的情况下，通过仪器设备和导航工具来进行飞行。
仪表等级飞行员理论培训是获得仪表等级飞行资质的重要步骤，本文将详细介绍该理论培训的内容和要求。
仪表等级飞行员理论培训的目标仪表等级飞行员理论培训的主要目标是让飞行员具备通过仪器设备进行飞行操作和导航的能力。
具体目标包括：1.理解和应用仪表飞行规则（Instrument Flight Rules，简称IFR）；2.掌握基本仪器的操作技巧和原理；3.熟悉仪表导航系统和导航工具的使用；4.理解仪表飞行中的气象条件和飞行特性；5.掌握仪表飞行中的通讯规范和流程；6.具备正规仪表进近和着陆的能力。
培训内容仪表等级飞行员理论培训包括多个科目和模块。
以下是主要的培训内容：1. 仪表飞行规则仪表飞行规则（IFR）是飞行员在飞行中依赖仪器设备进行导航和飞行操作的规则。
培训内容包括：•IFR的基本原则和要求；•IFR飞行计划和航路的规划；•IFR飞行中的大气条件和气象对飞行的影响；•IFR航空器的仪表配备和系统。
2. 仪表飞行的基本概念和技巧培训内容包括：•仪表飞行中的姿态和自动驾驶系统；•仪表飞行中的操纵技巧和飞行规程；•仪表飞行中的急进和急减技术。
3. 仪表飞行导航系统培训内容包括：•仪表飞行导航系统的原理和功能；•仪表飞行导航系统的操作和维修；•仪表飞行导航系统的故障排除。
4. 仪表飞行通讯培训内容包括：•仪表飞行通讯的标准和流程；•仪表飞行通讯的基本术语和短语；•仪表飞行通讯中的常见问题和解决方法。
5. 仪表飞行中的气象条件培训内容包括：•仪表飞行中的气象条件和飞行特性；•仪表飞行中的天气观察和飞行计划；•仪表飞行中的天气报告和预报。
6. 仪表进近和着陆培训内容包括：•仪表进近和着陆的基本概念和程序；•仪表进近和着陆的仪表要素和要求；•仪表进近和着陆的常见问题和处理方法。
仪表等级飞行员 理论培训
• Mandatory Instruction Signs • Location Signs • Direction Signs • Destination Signs • Information Signs • Runway Distance Remaining Signs
Airport Signs • Most airfield signs are standardized.
LAHSO
• Land and Hold Short Operations
– In effect at some controlled airports
• Could be at:
– Intersecting runway – Intersecting taxiway – Designated point on the runway
– Xs or simply blocked off
• Displaced Threshold
– Begin/end normal operations for takeoff and landing rollout, not fordisplaced threshold
• Determination of available landing distance (ALD)
Lighting Systems
• Approach Light System • Visual Glide Slope Indicators • Tri Color VSI • Runway Lighting • Airport Beacon and Obstruction Lights
intending to land.
Causes of Runway Incursion
Airport Signs • Most airfield signs are standardized.
LAHSO
• Land and Hold Short Operations
– In effect at some controlled airports
• Could be at:
– Intersecting runway – Intersecting taxiway – Designated point on the runway
– Xs or simply blocked off
• Displaced Threshold
– Begin/end normal operations for takeoff and landing rollout, not fordisplaced threshold
• Determination of available landing distance (ALD)
Lighting Systems
• Approach Light System • Visual Glide Slope Indicators • Tri Color VSI • Runway Lighting • Airport Beacon and Obstruction Lights
intending to land.
Causes of Runway Incursion
仪表等级飞行员理论培训stage2-116REGSPART91,NTSB
• N- Notams (all available info concerning flight) • W- weather reports and forecasts • K - known traffic delays • R –runway lengths • A- alternatives available • F -fuel requirements • T –Take Off/Landing Distance info, Section (b)
14 CFR 91.109
• Flight Instruction; Simulated Instrument Flight and Certain Flight Tests
• Section (b) No person may operate an aircraft in simulated instrument flight unless
– 29.92 “Flight Levels”
• Lowest usable flight levels
– determined by atmospheric pressure to avoid overlap of MSL & pressure altitude if current altimeter setting is lower than 29.92 (see table in 91.121)
– Safety pilot = private pilot rated in aircraft (Category/Class)
– Safety pilot has adequate vision forward and side
– Fully functioning dual controls
14 CFR 91.109
• Flight Instruction; Simulated Instrument Flight and Certain Flight Tests
• Section (b) No person may operate an aircraft in simulated instrument flight unless
– 29.92 “Flight Levels”
• Lowest usable flight levels
– determined by atmospheric pressure to avoid overlap of MSL & pressure altitude if current altimeter setting is lower than 29.92 (see table in 91.121)
– Safety pilot = private pilot rated in aircraft (Category/Class)
– Safety pilot has adequate vision forward and side
– Fully functioning dual controls
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• POWER: AIRSPEED INDICATOR
POWER CHANGE PITCH
BANK
STRAIGHT & LEVEL
What is the instrument used to establish a CHANGE in flight attitude?
•.
What is the instrument used to establish a CHANGE in flight attitude?
• 2) Primary/Support
– PITCH
– BANK – POWER
INSTRUMENTS
What is a Primary Instrument?
What is a Primary Instrument?
The instrument that provides the
most pertinent and essential information
clearance? 6. What is an Alternate, and why would one be needed? 7. What takeoff minimums apply to Sierra Academy? What takeoff
minimums apply to an aircraft carrying passengers? 8. What are the IFR cruising altitudes? 9. You have filed an IFR flight plan, and received a clearance from
List the 3 fundamental skills of attitude instrument flying:
List the 3 fundamental skills of attitude instrument flying
Crosscheck, Interpretation, Aircraft Control
Extra Credit: What is an EFC time, and why would we receive one?
NOTE:
• This is only a partial review of some of the basic information to remember for the instrument rating. It is recommended that you review the other powerpoints, notes, reading, and FAA test questions from the material listed for Segment 1 on your syllabus.
2 Attitude Instrument Flying Concepts
• 1) Control and Performance
• ATTITUDE + POWER = PERFORMANCE
– Control: Attitude Indicator & Tachometer (or MP) – Performance: everything else
What are the primary instruments for straight & level flight?
What are the primary instruments for straight & level flight?
• PITCH: ALTIMETER
• BANK: HEADING INDICATOR
AS 232 SEGMENT I REVIEW
Quiz # 5
1. What is the purpose of a circle-to-land approach? 2. Explain what a clearance void time is. 3. What must an instrument pilot do to remain current? 4. What is a safety pilot? 5. What are a few reasons why a pilot may deviate from a ATC
ATTITUDE INDICATOR
What is a Supporting Instrument?
What is a Supporting Instrument?
• Supporting instruments backup the primary instruments
List the 3 crosscheck errors:
• Approximately Every 15 minutes (only in straight & level unaccelerated flight)
What is a standard rate turn?
What is a standard rate turn?
List the 3 crosscheck errors:
•
Fixation•Omission•
Emphasis
How often should the heading indicator be reset in flight?
How often should the heading indicator be reset in flight?
castle ground. On upwind we have a radio communication failure. What do we do concerning our route of flight, and altitude? 10. If one of our VOR’s stop working while on an IFR flight plan do we need to tell ATC? What about if one of our radios fail?
POWER CHANGE PITCH
BANK
STRAIGHT & LEVEL
What is the instrument used to establish a CHANGE in flight attitude?
•.
What is the instrument used to establish a CHANGE in flight attitude?
• 2) Primary/Support
– PITCH
– BANK – POWER
INSTRUMENTS
What is a Primary Instrument?
What is a Primary Instrument?
The instrument that provides the
most pertinent and essential information
clearance? 6. What is an Alternate, and why would one be needed? 7. What takeoff minimums apply to Sierra Academy? What takeoff
minimums apply to an aircraft carrying passengers? 8. What are the IFR cruising altitudes? 9. You have filed an IFR flight plan, and received a clearance from
List the 3 fundamental skills of attitude instrument flying:
List the 3 fundamental skills of attitude instrument flying
Crosscheck, Interpretation, Aircraft Control
Extra Credit: What is an EFC time, and why would we receive one?
NOTE:
• This is only a partial review of some of the basic information to remember for the instrument rating. It is recommended that you review the other powerpoints, notes, reading, and FAA test questions from the material listed for Segment 1 on your syllabus.
2 Attitude Instrument Flying Concepts
• 1) Control and Performance
• ATTITUDE + POWER = PERFORMANCE
– Control: Attitude Indicator & Tachometer (or MP) – Performance: everything else
What are the primary instruments for straight & level flight?
What are the primary instruments for straight & level flight?
• PITCH: ALTIMETER
• BANK: HEADING INDICATOR
AS 232 SEGMENT I REVIEW
Quiz # 5
1. What is the purpose of a circle-to-land approach? 2. Explain what a clearance void time is. 3. What must an instrument pilot do to remain current? 4. What is a safety pilot? 5. What are a few reasons why a pilot may deviate from a ATC
ATTITUDE INDICATOR
What is a Supporting Instrument?
What is a Supporting Instrument?
• Supporting instruments backup the primary instruments
List the 3 crosscheck errors:
• Approximately Every 15 minutes (only in straight & level unaccelerated flight)
What is a standard rate turn?
What is a standard rate turn?
List the 3 crosscheck errors:
•
Fixation•Omission•
Emphasis
How often should the heading indicator be reset in flight?
How often should the heading indicator be reset in flight?
castle ground. On upwind we have a radio communication failure. What do we do concerning our route of flight, and altitude? 10. If one of our VOR’s stop working while on an IFR flight plan do we need to tell ATC? What about if one of our radios fail?