2016年北京科技大学翻硕百科知识考研真题,考研笔记

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2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士百科知识地理历史考研真题,考研笔记

2016年翻译硕士考研信息地理历史琐罗亚斯德教起源于什么地方：中东不属于“汉初三杰”的是：陈平最深的湖泊是：贝加尔湖世界上火山最多的洲的是：亚洲太阳中心说是谁提出的：哥白尼英国“Beatles”乐队哪一年在沙利文首场演出之后风靡整个美国：1964历史上，为什么统治者将岳阳划在湖南：便于监督和牵制最先发现了白色光组成的是:牛顿我国的二滩、五强溪水电站分别位于:西南和中南我国蓝宝石的主要产地在哪里:山东南极洲中无长年冰雪覆盖面积占整个洲的：7%在理想大陆上，无论沿哪一条经线前进，几乎都要有秩序地经历多种自然带，这是反映了：纬度地带性乐山大佛在：四川省我国著名的赵州桥建于哪个朝代：明石达开担任的是：翼王以下哪一项，不是明治维新的内容：实行按户征兵商汤至太甲统治时期出现大好局面，得益于哪位政坛元老的辅佐：伊尹刘邦在秦朝曾经做过：亭长马可•波罗在叙述中国时言过其实，因此人们叫他：百万先生石灰岩地区中有许多满布着钟乳石、石笋的岩洞，这些岩洞形成的主要原因是：流水的溶蚀作用英国历史上哪位是第一个以自己的名字来命名一个时代的君主：伊丽莎白一世在大陆西岸南北到两个萨尔纳带之间的自然带是：温带森林带有“无烟城市”之称的是：雷克雅末克云冈石窟位于我国哪个省：山西省不属于三玄的是：《礼记》世界上第一条地铁在1863年建于：伦敦中国面积最大的省份是哪一个：新疆陕西省的渭河谷地，在地质构造上属于：地堑兴凯湖是哪两个国家共有：中俄云冈石窟位于我国哪个省：山西省蒙语称内陆湖为：海子我国铁路的铁轨有多宽：1.43M约翰•克里斯朵夫有几卷：5下列四组地点中，按经度由东向西依次排列的是：南京、天津、北京千佛坛是哪个国家的：印度尼西亚斯拉夫人信仰的是：天主教四合院是以正房、东西厢房围绕中间庭院形成平面布局的传统住宅的统称。

在何时，形式就已初具规模：西周地球上的第50亿个人类居民出生在：南斯拉夫荆轲出现在《史记》中的：《刺客列传》贝尔福宣言是哪个国家发表的：英国天文台的观测室都是园顶的，是因为：有利于天文望远镜观测目标秃头歌女是谁的作品:萨特一座将东西柏林隔离开来的墙建立于何时:1961与农作物种类分布、复种制度和产量关系最密切的是：光热世界上面积最大的淡水湖是：安大略湖第一次登陆月球的两名宇航员在月面上活动了多长时间：2小时多在商店里，大部分商品都是尾数价格，如一双皮鞋的价格是298元，而不是300元，请问商店根据什么这样定价：心理国际红十字会的旗帜是什么形状的：正方形世界最深处位于：太平洋苏伊士运河是哪个国家的:埃及瓯绣”是哪里出产的刺绣品:温州横断山脉的走向是：南北走向太阳大气的中间一层是日冕“大陆架”是什么：大陆在海底的延伸以下能从月球上看到的建筑物是：万里长城下列罢工中，坚持时间最长的是：省港工人大罢工北伐前锋“独立团”的领导人是：叶挺中国民族资产阶级产生于19世纪那个年代：六七十年代光球厚度约为多少公里：500公里甲骨文是写在什么上面的：龟骨“瓯绣”是哪里出产的刺绣品：温州西欧和美国两大工业地带形成于：第二次技术革命中三大金字塔中最大的是：胡夫金字塔太阳大气的中间一层是：日冕以“无字碑”名扬天下的是：武则天下列关于领土的说法，正确的是：领土包括国家全部的陆地、领海、领水和领空慕田峪长城位于北京市的：怀柔西亚和北非绿洲农业的代表植物是：枣椰树玄武是什么东西：龟李寻欢在考试中考了第几名：第三名下列关于领土的说法，正确的是：领土包括国家全部的陆地、领海、领水和领空世界上最长的山脉是：安第斯山加拿大的领土面积在世界上排第几：第2最轻的金属是：锂天文学家把全天空的星星按区域划分成多少个星座：88个苏伊士运河是哪个国家的：埃及下列哪个是好现象的征兆：清晨浓雾在九大行星中，被称为最小最冷的行星是哪一颗：冥王星司马迁受腐刑是在哪个皇帝统治下：汉武帝哪个国家有“千湖国”的称号:芬兰东帝汶的首都在：帝力为什么长江、黄河都是从西往东流：我国的地势是西部高，东部低东南亚著名的矿产是:锡和石油祁连山是哪两个省（区）的分界线:青海与甘肃伊斯兰会议召开于哪一年：1971下列哪一个星座不属于黄道十二宫：魔羯座我国周口店发现的“北京人”，距今有几万年：30三种水循环各自的运动过程中，都具备的环节是：蒸发和降水黄河在潼关折向东流，又穿行在峡谷中，其中最有名的是：三门峡世界上最曲折的海岸线分布在哪个洲：欧洲“织女星”位于哪个星座：天琴座枪杆子里出政权”是谁提出的：毛泽东中国的尼姑最早是何时出现的：南北朝伊斯兰会议召开于哪一年：1971目前世界上水力发电功率最大的水坝是：伊泰普大坝在古代任官授职中兼职的官比本官大，称兼职为：守最低盆地最低可达海平面以下多少：154被称为“科学管理之父”的是：泰罗美国的国花是什么花：玫瑰《隋唐演义》是哪个朝代的人写的：清朝电视发明于本世纪的：20年代被称为“智慧之都”的是那一座古代名城：亚历山大古史传说中出现了尧举荐舜、舜举荐禹，禹先举荐皋陶、皋陶死后又举荐益当部落首领的故事，历史上称这种作法为：禅让天坛原名：天地坛以下哪一座山不属于中国佛教四大名山：嵩山“匈奴未灭，何以家为”是谁的豪言：霍去病给楚庄王猜“一鸣惊人”的是：伍举以谁为代表的出海求仙药的方士是我国历史上最早的航海探险家：徐福世界上火山最多的洲是：亚洲第一架实用直升机的发明人为：西科斯基西欧农奴没有以下哪种权利义务：定期服兵役以下哪个国家设立了海底打捞博物馆：新西兰整个地球的生物圈：可算是最大的生态系统唐高祖即位以后，李世民被封为：秦王约翰内斯堡是南非最大的采矿中心，它被称为：黄金城夏启死后，太康即位后，政事不修，沉湎于酒色之中，谁乘机夺取了政权：羿有声电影何时问世：1926《新五代史》的作家是：欧阳修破除满汉不通婚这个祖训的是：乾隆《几何原理》的作者是：欧几里德15世纪至18世纪时，欧洲航海家所进行的一系列航海探险活动通称为：新航海时代狮子座流星雨第一次爆发是哪一年：1833年不属于四维的是：仁以下那个机构不参与诺贝尔奖的颁发：法国皇家科学院汉白玉是什么：一种名贵的石头经过什么战役，商汤的军队战胜夏桀的军队，桀出逃后死于南巢，夏王朝从此灭亡：鸣条之战万里长城横跨我国多少省（包括直辖市和自治区）：7个七十年代后世界能源消费比重增加最为迅速的是：核能我国在什么时候开始在航海中使用指南针：11世纪末电磁感应的发现者是：法拉第在泰国，百分之九十以上的人信仰：佛教最早期的热气球是用来做什么的：空中监视隋朝所取代的“周”，属于：南北朝时的周“玄武门之变”中，射死太子李建成的是：李世民最早用棉花织布的是在：印度河流域佛教传入中国中原的第一座佛庙是：白马寺中国名山北岳恒山在哪里：山西浑源怒江不流经：西藏拿破仑百日王朝哪一年建立：1815下列哪一个星座不属于黄道十二宫：魔羯座铁芒萁的生长反映了：酸性土壤环境刘邦建立汉朝不久，淮南王是：英布与农作物种类分布、复种制度和产量关系最密切的是：光热风切变对飞机的安全有很大危害，它：对飞机起飞和着陆时危害最大拿破仑曾经建立过：百日王朝石器时代分为哪两种：新石器时代和旧石器时代影响植物分布最重要的条件是：气候1937年发生了飞艇史上著名的空难，当时起火爆炸导致35人丧生的飞艇名字为：兴登堡号华盛顿什么时候定为首都：1791韩世忠平生战功赫赫，全身刀痕箭疤累累，双手仅余几指：5秦汉时代陵墓的建筑形式，一般采用：卧斗形黄河流经几个省自治区：9南岳衡山的最高峰是：祝融峰迫使英国承认美国独立的是：《巴黎和约》商周时期中原已进入什么时代的繁盛时期：青铜美国加入反法西斯同盟是在：1941年在距今9000年前，就已经出现栽培稻，水稻的发源地是在：中国下列各地区中，地壳最厚的地方是：青藏高原第一艘成功飞过火星的探测船是：先锋10号秦汉时代，人们说的“关中”指哪一带：函谷关以西维吾尔族人信奉的宗教是：伊斯兰教温带落叶林分布地区的主要气候类型是：温带季风气候世界上历来有“西珠不如东珠，东珠不如南珠”之说法，其中“南珠”的产地是：中国在大陆西岸南北两个萨瓦纳带之间的自然带是热带雨林带股票交易里面通常说成交多少多少“手”，这一“手”是指多少股：100我国北方半干旱地区适宜发展：畜牧业在大陆西岸南北两个萨瓦纳带之间的自然带是:热带雨林带“紫土地”是指我国哪个地形区域的土地：四川盆地“千湖之国”芬兰大约有多少个湖泊：6万世界上最早种植棉花的国家是：印度据文献记载，商代曾经几次迁都：五亚洲是世界上的第一大洲，它的面积约占全球陆地面积的：30%人类的出现与劳动有关，人类最初制作和使用的工具是：打制石器鞭尸三百的是：伍子胥在地质年代中，铁矿形成的重要时期是：太古代据文献记载，商代曾经几次迁都：五马可.波罗以各种身份服务忽必烈多长时间：17年亚洲是世界第一大洲，它的面积约占全球陆地面积的：30%新中国第一部临时宪法的简称是：《共同纲领》最早的扇子是用什么做的：羽毛孔子去世是在：公元前479年林肯的宅地法颁布于：1862年俄国十月革命发生在俄历几月几号：10月25日塔西提岛在哪里：太平洋1976年唐山发生7.8级强地震，此时北京测得震级与烈度与唐山相比：震级相同，唐山的烈度较大不属于隋代三师的是：太尉人权宣言是在哪个会议上通过的：制宪会议1898年发生的变法是：戊戌变法下列哪个地方的日照时间最长：撒哈拉沙漠不属于佛教三宝的是：禅武汉长江大桥建于：1957伊朗的官方语言是：波斯语维吾尔族人信奉的宗教是：伊斯兰教“土木之变”中被捉的皇帝是：明英宗来源于太阳能的新能源是：风能“金戈铁马，气吞万里如虎”是谁写的词句：辛弃疾大约在1882年，世界上出现了：电车被称为“国际会议之都”的城市是：日内瓦岛屿数量最少的洲是哪个洲：非洲我国和世界目前森林覆盖率分别是：13.4%，22%泰坦尼克号沉船事故中，只有多少人生还：695人阖闾和夫差是什么关系：父子南北朝时期西南地区有一次大规模移民事件，叫做“僚人入蜀”。

2016年北京科技大学翻硕百科知识考研真题,重点解析

2016年翻译硕士考研解析世界上最大的宫殿是:(A)故宫白宫爱丽舍宫克里姆林宫482.电度表上的一度电表示耗电量为:(B)1百瓦/小时1千瓦/小时1瓦/小时10瓦/小时483.郭沫若的诗集有:(C)《死水》《野草》《女神》《红烛》484.根据有关规定,职工的试用期最长不得超过:(B)3个月6个月一年两年485.中国民间为什么要吃腊八粥?(B)迎接春节纪念释迦牟尼纪念小寒来临纪念冬天来临486.发射第一颗人造卫星的国家是:(A)前苏联美国中国日本487.《新人口论》的作者是哪国人?(A)中国人英国人美国人俄国人488.下列行星中,卫星最多的是:(C)水星地球土星火星489.太阳的年龄约有多大?(B)30亿岁50亿岁80亿岁100亿岁490.男子竞技体操项目不包括:(C)单杠鞍马高低杠吊环491."食色,性也"是谁说的?(A)孟子孔子老子韩非子492.被称作东方威尼斯的是:(A)杭州苏州桂林上海493.下列哪一个不是我国的领海?(C)黄海东海北海渤海494.山东山西的"山"是指:(B)泰山太行山沂蒙山恒山495.中国在国际货币基金组织中属于:(B)观察员正式成员准成员非成员496.人的心脏共有几个心房和心室?(D)1个2个3个4个497.我国第一部在国际电影节上获奖的影片是:(B)《定军山》《渔光曲》《祝福》《红高梁》498.亡羊补牢中的"牢"指的是:(B)牢房牲口圈院子栅栏499."打蛇打七寸"的七寸是指:(B)咽喉心脏头部尾巴500.以下哪个不属于使馆馆长的级别?(D)大使公使代办临时代办501.下列名称不属于二十四节气的是:(C)谷雨芒种大伏霜降502.国画《愚公移山》的作者是:(D)张大千李可染赵无极徐悲鸿503.Internet最初用作:(A)军事工业民用商业电信业504.最清洁的能源是:(B)石油太阳能煤气沼气505.世界上最深的海沟位于:(A)太平洋大西洋北冰洋印度洋506.康熙皇帝的庙号是:(D)仁宗太宗穆宗圣祖507."五角大楼"是美国哪个机构的代称?(B)中情局国防部信息工程部劳工部508.四大名茶之一的龙井茶产地是:(B)浙江绍兴浙江杭州福建安溪509.我国的海岸线有多少公里?(B) 17000180001900020000510."二人转"是:(A)东北曲艺陕北曲艺河南曲艺山东曲艺一、关于MTI学硕和专硕的区别可以百度，目前的形式是国家要把学硕和专硕的比例变为3：7（今年已经是这样）。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士MIT考研真题,参考书

16年翻译硕士考研详解与指导178、南宋最伟大的爱国主义诗人---陆游-----唱出了时代的最强音。

179、南宋后期—永嘉四灵和江湖派。

180、小说和讲史----是话本的主要内容。

181、宋元话本----确立后世白话小说的基础。

182、韩愈、柳宗元-----文以载道、惟陈言之务去。

183、欧阳修-----北宋文坛的领袖、宋代散文的奠基人。

184、北宋初期诗文革新运动的领导人是-----欧阳修。

185、醉翁亭记----欧阳修抒情散文的代表作。

186、朋党论----欧阳修政论文中的名篇。

187、前赤壁赋----苏轼散文中最富盛名、影响最深远的篇章。

188、唐宋八大家---唐代韩愈和柳宗元、北宋的欧阳修、苏轼、王安石、曾巩、苏洵、苏辙。

189、先天下之忧而忧、后天下之乐而乐----岳阳楼记----范仲淹。

190、范仲淹------开宋词豪放之先风。

191、王安石-----答司马谏议书。

192、王安石一---被列宁誉为“中国十一世纪的改革家”。

193、办洵—六国论。

194、北宋前期的诗歌流派----白居易体、贾岛姚合体、李商隐体。

195、王安石咏史诗----明妃曲两首最为著名。

196、王安石后期成就最高的诗作-----人称王荆公体。

197、春风又绿江南----泊船瓜洲----王安石。

198、黄庭坚-----山谷体-----江西诗派的创始人----与苏轼并称苏黄-----其代表作是寄黄几复。

199、宋代最大的诗歌流派-----江西诗派。

200、一祖三宗-----杜甫为一祖，黄庭坚、陈师道、陈与义为三宗----提倡诗歌语言艺术点石成金、夺胎换骨。

201、杨万里-----与陆游、范成大、尤袤并称"南宋四家"、"中兴四大诗人"。

形成独具特色的诚斋体。

202、示儿----陆游临终的遗嘱，也是诗人最后呼喊的爱国之声。

203、陆游——人称“小李白”。

中国古代最高产的诗人(有诗9000多首)。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,考研参考书,重难点笔记,复试分数线

=============================================================================================================一、英汉互译短语翻译（30分）IAEA(International Atomic Energy Agency)GNP(Gross National Product)Gini coefficientcarbon taxresource recyclingquantitative easinggenetically modified foodurbanization ratio核心竞争力资源配置绿色增长可燃冰社交网络雾霾碳交易二、将下列段落译为汉语（25分）In1992,Deng underscored the need to follow through on the“modernisation”course that heinitiated in the1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented.These policies,pursued by Deng’s successors,spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.Now,however,Xi and Li accept that the era of double-digit annual GDP growth has ended.They are building Communist Party support—and this is why the forthcoming plenary session is important—for rapid action on an economic agenda that they hope can deliver sustained annual growth of between7and7.5per cent.三、将下列短文译为汉语（35分）Seven years ago Beijing’s government set a target of making the city a“liveable”one by2020, with“fresh air and a beautiful environment”.Few praise its plaints abound about its congestion,pollution,desperate shortage of water and hugely expensive housing.Even in the state-controlled media,suggestions are sometimes made that it is time to build a new capital. Beijing has been China’s capital for most of the past600years.Since the Communist victory in 1949,the Chinese have been taught to revere the city as an embodiment of China’s power,the party’s might and their country’s glorious history.To propose a move strikes many as heretical.In recent years,however,some have broken ranks.In2000even China’s then Prime Minister,Zhu Rongji,joined the sceptics.The capital,he declared,might have to move if measures to curb its sandstorms failed.Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities.But other problems have grown.Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word“shoudu”,meaning capital,in a different tone so that it sounds like“the most congested”.For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city.The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade.The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested,in newspapers as well as online,that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.Beijing’s bureaucrats are unlikely to be persuaded.Their privileges,common to all those registered as Beijing citizens(ie,not migrants from other provinces),include readier access thanmost other Chinese have to some of the country’s best educational and medical facilities.Some local officials in places favoured by scholars as potential capital sites have been proclaiming their merits.But given the allure of Beijing’s amenities,it is little wonder that the central authorities keep quiet.四、将下列段落译为英语（25分）今年是中国发展进程中不平凡的一年。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书

育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题=============================================================================================================试题编号：211试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共12页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.D.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.英语热点词汇总裁助理assistant president综合治理comprehensive treatment安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information-based;informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power;knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law-and-order situation民族国家nation state台独"independence of Taiwan"台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研历年真题,考研参考书,重难点笔记,学姐经验

=============================================================================================================I.Vocabulary and Structure(30points,1point each,60minutes)Directions:Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C,or D.Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government,although some club members acted_______their own initiative.A.byB.onC.withD.in2.He redesigned the process,thereby________the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB.to saveC.savedD.save3.Modern bodies are especially______to cancer,because technology produces waste thatinhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB.invulnerableC.proneD.attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and________good for his work,but he never wavered inwhat he considered just.A.too muchB.much tooC.so muchD.much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution,but critics condemned it as______and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB.indisposedC.hastyD.imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth,______instead people’s charactershould be measured by their value to society.A.whileB.soC.becauseD.when7.During the17th century many artists became involved in color theory and______painting forenlightenment.A.looked up toB.looked outC.looked onD.looked to8.No government can meet the_______demand for ever more sophisticated medical technologyby an aging population.A.intransigentB.insatiableC.ingeniousD.inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do______and those that arecarefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB.publiclyC.spontaneouslyD.prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group,because primates are inevitably______and build theirlives around each other.A.socialB.independentC.stableD.curious11.When economy,language,culture and history interact,people begin to view them as_______subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB.integralC.synchronizedD.synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to_______their time to help with community project.A.give outB.give awayC.give ofD.give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region,people were unprepared for the_______of the blizzard that year.dnessB.ferocityC.inevitabilityD.probability14.The committee provides funding to_______artists like those of women and of color,in thehopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB.prominentC.promisingD.marginalized15.All are in the_____stages,until architectural historians survey each house to determine whichhave historic value.A.preliminaryB.primaryC.prevalentD.predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination,which has made him succeed in______new andfundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB.discerningC.acknowledgingD.dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lesser characters_______to the central events.A.consequentialB.peripheralC.indispensableD.permeating18.Once I finally_______finding a definition,I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB.get away withC.get round toD.get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separate stages,thoseperiods are not truly_______.A.distinctB.continuousC.reflexiveD.codependent20.In spite of_______among scientists,and years of contentious discussion,the claim thatearthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB.popularityC.skepticismD.antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and______as slang.A.equivocalB.equitableC.equableD.ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them______as valuable antiques.A.outB.byC.awayD.off23.That reason was unique human has come_____increasingly skeptical scrutiny:moreresearchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB.underC.toD.with24.Sam was a complete country man,with a pronounced______with nature in all its forms.A.infinityB.conformityC.affinityD.fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing,for it is calculated to undermine anumber of beliefs they have long_______.A.cherishedB.deniedC.anticipatedD.misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to his poetry,even nowonly a few independent observers_______his works.A.neglectB.criticizementD.praise27.The exhibition,though small in scale,succeeded in_______its members with a firm sense ofself-worth and purpose.A.endowingB.imbuingdeningD.providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly________of Virginia Woolf’snovels.A.reminiscentB.symptomaticC.indicativeD.imitative29.Historian can_______“Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that this peace in manyrespects resemble that of death.A.demandB.ridiculeC.applaudD.disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time,particularly when its history and date of manufacturecan be________.A.describedB.acknowledgedC.overlookedD.authenticatedII.Reading Comprehension(40points,2points each,60minutes)Section IDirections:In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet.Passage OneConstant vigilance:that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way.It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights.Edward Snowden,a young security contractor,has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency(NSA)spied on millions of Americans’phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents,published by the Guardian and the Washington Post,include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon,a telecoms company,to hand over“metadata”,such as the duration,direction and location of subscribers’calls.The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM,which collects e-mails,files and social-networking data from firms such as Google,Apple and Facebook.Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised,and none of it is necessarily illegal.America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies.They are overseen by Congress and courts,which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he“welcomes”a debate on the trade-off between privacy,security and convenience.Despite the president’s words,however,the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws.Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on.But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent,not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary.Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September11th2001demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety.With Islamist bombers,there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate,and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet.The NSA’s boss,Keith Alexander,says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots.The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq.And the public seems happy:if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work,nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat.One concern is the size,scope and cost of the security bureaucracy:some1.4million people have“top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries.The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear:it touched only foreigners.That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies:the European Union,in particular,fastidiously protects its citizens’data.Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap,in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry:the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted.James Clapper,America’s director of national intelligence,told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on“millions of Americans”.He now says he answered in“the least untruthful manner”possible.Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms,especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy.Those on“no-fly lists”,which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel,are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation,13American citizens,including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban,are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things,but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress.Without these,officials will be tempted to abuse their powers,because the price of doing so is small.This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy,but not on everything,always and everywhere.Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight.Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing,because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing.Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine,Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage,which of the following statements about vigilance is true?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two“if there were another attack on America,Mr Snowden wouldsoon be forgotten”probably means________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph7is presented to illustrate________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public.翻译硕士词汇辨析5award,rewardaward,reward的用法award v.指正式地或官方地颁发，授予，给予；也可以指法庭裁决给予。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,重难点笔记

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士百科知识考研真题,考研笔记

2016年翻译硕士考研信息上海浦东的金茂大厦是世界第几高楼：3建筑行业中的鲁班奖是于哪一年创建的：1987现在已发现的最早的宫殿在：偃师下面哪个不是汉代应用较多的楼阁形式：厢楼墙身接近室外地面的部分称为：勒脚竹楼是我国哪个民族的传统民居：傣族旧称紫禁城的是北京故宫北京互国寺在什么时候重修：元云岩寺塔俗称：虎丘塔以下哪一种木板不是人造板：水曲柳在钢筋混凝土梁中，受力钢筋是分布在梁的横截面的：下方1996年后鲁班奖每年的奖励数额为几个：45我国第一座石拱桥叫什么桥：赵州桥以下的建筑构件中属于受压构件的是：柱针对客厅活动方式和面积大小的不同，沙发的布置有多种方式，其中（）适用于以静态活动机能为主的空间，例如电视观赏、音乐欣赏或阅读等。

集中型把宫城的正门称为“午门”，这开始于哪个朝代：元枫丹白露宫是哪个国家的：法国至今所见最早的砖在哪里发现的：洛阳我国第一条水下公路隧道是：上海打浦路隧道中国现存最著名的三大殿不包括嵩山少林寺的大雄宝殿亚洲最高旋转餐厅在东方明珠塔中，可容纳300多人就餐，多少时间旋转一圈：一小时自春秋至汉代的六七百年间，台榭是什么建筑中常用的形式：宫室北京互国寺本名是崇国寺最初“店”的含义是：储存货物的仓库目前世界第一高楼位于哪个国家：马来西亚鲁班是中国古代著名的建筑工程家，被建筑工匠尊为祖师。

他姓什么：公输建筑中的券拱结构是由什么时期发明的：古罗马花岗岩属于哪一类岩石：岩浆岩云岩寺塔俗称：虎丘塔南浦大桥于哪一年建成通车：1991年中国现存最著名的三大殿不包括1嵩山少林寺的大雄宝殿针对客厅活动方式和面积大小的不同，沙发的布置有多种方式，其中（）适用于以静态活动机能为主的空间，例如电视观赏、音乐欣赏或阅读等。

4集中型座落于美国密执安州的麦基那克海峡大桥，它的悬索跨度为几米41158雅典卫城的巴台农神庙是为敬奉哪一位女神而建造的：2雅典娜“砼”这个字的意思是：1混凝土混凝土的强度是用标号来表示的，以下混凝土中，强度最高的是：4C20世界建筑构造的奇观——悬空寺在2北岳恒山都江堰是谁修建的：3李冰父子故宫建成于哪个朝代：2明被称作紫禁城的是下列那所建筑物：1故宫河北境内的安济桥又名什么桥：1赵州桥苏伊士运河连接哪里：2地中海与红海北京故宫文渊阁是哪个朝代造的：4清朝亚洲最高旋转餐厅在东方明珠塔中，可容纳300多人就餐，多少时间旋转一圈：一小时鲁班奖是我国建筑行业工程质量的最高荣誉奖，其共设多少个奖项：80埃及金字塔中最大的一座是：胡夫被喻为“世界建筑的华裔皇帝”的建筑大师是贝聿铭秦汉时称皇帝居住的宫殿为：禁中苏伊士运河连接哪里：地中海与红海用石建造，一般为八棱形，上刻陀罗尼经文的柱形构筑物叫做：幢在建筑工程中，概算、预算、结算、决算时间最早的是：概算工业建筑上的白色是什么标志：界线标志《营造法式》这部建筑学专著出现于：北宋屏风一般有（）两种，其表现形式有透明、半透明、封闭式及镂空式等。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士百科知识科学常识考研真题,考研重点

2016翻译硕士考研信息科学常识大熊猫和小熊猫是同一科的吗：不是现存鸟类中的最大的鸟蛋是：鸵鸟狼獾在中国仅见于：大兴安岭森林北极星在哪个星座中：小熊星座海绵是一种：动物在电子显微镜下才能观察到的细胞结构被称为：亚显微结构催化剂在化学反应中的作用是：改变化学反应速度地球有近日点、远日点，我们北半球冬季时地球处于：近日点关于磷的下列叙述中，正确的是：红磷没有毒性而白磷剧毒农夫有17只羊，除了9只以外都病死了，农夫还剩几只羊：9只氮在地球上主要以什么形式存在：氮气红药水能否和碘酒一起使用：不能，会有毒性物质产生人体最大块的肌肉是：臀肌以下那一种鱼是胎生：鲨鱼市场上为什么没有活的带鱼出售：带鱼被捕捞上来时由于压强变化巨大而立刻死亡梅花鹿属：偶蹄目以下哪些果实是坚果：栗子世界上哪一种动物的寿命最长：乌龟白兔的眼睛为什么是红的：是血液的颜色穿山甲是用什么捕食的：舌头白暨豚在水中依靠什么探测和识别物体：听觉（声纳）请问长颈鹿有多少节颈椎：（提示：老鼠的颈椎是7节）7节如果长观察星空，那么在哪个城市观察到的星座数量最多：广州遗传学家孟德尔的职业是：牧师太阳系九大行星中位于最外侧的是：冥王星牛吃了下面哪种东西会中毒：烂山芋熊猫是什么科动物：猫科世界上熔点最高的金属是：钨下列属于我国特产的是：柿子对病毒的治疗，目前的方法是：使用干扰素以下哪一项不属于种子植物：孢子植物下列属于种子植物的是：柳树爱因斯坦是哪国科学家：美国在空气的什么位置，同样是打炮，人感觉声音最大：地面既不溶于水，又不溶于硝酸的一种物质是：AgCl空气中行量最多的是：氮气菠萝属于什么类水果：复果类1869年3月，哪位科学家正式公布了元素周期律：门捷列夫极地越野车是模仿什么动物行走而设计制造的：企鹅我们看到的月光是：月亮反射太阳光人感觉到的“辣”是：热和痛的综合感觉蕨类植物比苔藓类植物进化的根据是：有维管组织以下哪种不是脂溶性维生素：维生素BHTML的正式名称是：超文本标识语言青蛙吞咽食物时眼睛是怎样的：闭眼下面不属于同源器官的是：人的手和蝙蝠的翼手菊花一般在什么季节开放：秋天政治【学科概述】不用因为政治纷繁复杂的知识点而担心政治会不过线，只要肯下功夫，60分是很容易达到的。

2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科知识生活常识考研真题,考研笔记

2016年翻译硕士考研信息生活常识个人收入中可以用来消费支出和储蓄的部分，叫做什么收入：个人可支配收入国际风筝节我国哪一城市举行：潍坊老年人吃菜应多加些：醋坐飞机时若遇险情，应将安全带缚住自己的：腰部通过土地使用权出让方式取得有限期的土地使用权，应支付：土地使用权出让金假如被流沙陷住，应该：身体后倾，平躺在沙面上砌砖墙时，码砖的规则是：错缝我国哪一银行执行中央银行的职能：中国人民银行如果有猛兽要袭击你，你逃跑时选择怎样的路线：“之”字形有“金边债券”美誉的债券品种是：国债远视眼患者应该少吃：高脂肪食品按我国汽车型号的命名规则，7180型的“180”指：气缸容量1.8升如果破了伤口，用什么擦可以消炎：盐水56K速率的调制解调器，其理论上能够达到的最大下载传输速率是：7K沿房檐柱砌筑的砖墙叫做：檐墙人民币八年定期存款所得利息交税吗：不交利息税对于拥有剩余资金的人来说，将资金投向哪里既有较大的收益，又安全、便利：分散投资哪种水果可以止咳：梨搪瓷口杯是以什么划分的：内径尺寸夜晚在树林迷路对辨别方向无用的是：太阳青霉素与哪类药同服会降低药效：四环素类牛奶不宜与何种水果同食：桔子以下哪一种牛奶不能直接饮用：生鲜奶近视眼患者不应该常吃：甜食债券与股票的区别是什么：债券风险小、收益稳定、股票风险大、收益高红烧菜肴为什么放白糖：呈色、提香下列哪种物品可以帮助降低血脂：豆浆我国股票交易中的竞价规则是：集合竞价和连续竞价厂商利用各种手段把竞争对手的顾客争取过来，使其购买本企业的产品，这种做法是什么策略：市场渗透宰杀家禽前先给它灌喝什么，宰杀后拔毛时就会既快又干净：酒橡皮放在哪里会变软：煤油拯救地球就是拯救未来”是哪一年世界环境日的主题口号：1999“水俣病”产生的原因是:汞中毒准妈妈可以喝可乐吗：可以但是不要用量过大数字手机大部分机型都具备非连续性发射省电模式的先进功能，为了省电，当手机处在暂时不发话状态时，可降低手机发射电波的功率。

2016年北京外国语大学翻译硕士百科考研真题,重点解析

2016年翻译硕士考研解析汉语写作与百科知识一、百科知识：解释出现在下列短文中划线的名词，共25个名词，50分。

1.原始人对自然界不只是简单地解释和探索，为了更好地生活，他们还要与自然做不屈的斗争，于是就创造了歌颂与自然作斗争的英雄的故事，如精卫填海、夸父逐日、鲧禹治水等。

2.从天宝十五载六月潼关失守，杜甫到奉先携家属北上避难，到乾元二年秋赴秦州之前，产生了两个系列的作品，一是自叙经历，兼抒优家国心情的作品，如《月夜》、《春望》、《喜达行在所》、《述怀》、《羌村三首》、《北征》、《彭衙行》等。

二是集中写时事见闻的新乐府诗，如《哀王孙》、《悲陈陶》、《悲青坂》、《哀江头》、《塞芦子》、《洗兵马》及“三吏”、“三别”等。

3.佛教对中国文化的影响广泛而深刻，远不止与上述几方面。

佛教是中国民众的一种普遍信仰，因此形成了很多佛教圣地，如佛教四大名山，它们分别是文殊菩萨、普贤菩萨、观音菩萨、地藏菩萨的道场。

4.在明清之际三大思想家中，王夫之的哲学思想丰富而深刻，代表了中国古代哲学发展的高峰。

他对前代哲人提出的问题几乎都进行了重新审视，或引申发挥，或批判匡正。

5.五代时，在南方和河东地区，先后存在过十个割据政权（不包括一些小的割据势力），史称“十国”。

6.唐代书法作品流传至今者比前代为多，留下了大量宝贵的艺术珍品。

“初唐四大家”、“颜柳”并称，成为书法史上的高峰。

7.《本草纲目》共分16部60类，以部为纲，以类为目。

每一种药又以正名、余名为目。

这个纲目分类法已经具有与现代科学双名法相同的性质，有的科学史家将之与林标的分类法相提并论。

8.古代四大发明是我国之所以成为文明古国的标志之一。

古代，我国的科学技术在许多方面居于世界的前列。

5世纪后的千余年里，欧洲处在封建社会中。

在这个漫长的时期里，我国的科学技术一直在向前发展，而欧洲的科学技术却停滞不前。

四大发明在欧洲近代文明产生之前陆续传入西方，成为“资产阶级发展的必要前提”。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,重难点笔记,考研参考书,考研经验

育明教育孙老师、夏老师为大家整理了全国各高校翻译硕士历年考研真题及解析，最全、最完整版，来育明，赠送真题、免费答疑
北京科技大学 2014 年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题
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一、英汉互译短语翻译（30 分） IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
GNP (Gross National Product)
Gini coefficient
carbon tax
resource recycling
quantitative easing
genetically modified food
试题编号： 357 试题名称：
英语翻译基础
（共 3 页）
适用专业：
翻译
说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。
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Since then officials have claimed some success in reducing the frequency of these lung-clogging calamities. But other problems have grown. Beijingers fed up with traffic gridlock sometimes pronounce the word “shoudu”, meaning capital, in a different tone so that it sounds like “the most congested”. For much of the year a grey blanket of pollutants shrouds the city. The rate of birth defects has doubled over the past decade. The environment is thought to be a contributory factor. Several scholars have suggested, in newspapers as well as online, that these and other problems would best be solved by relocating the central government.

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,重难点笔记考研参考书

2016年北京科技大学日语翻译硕士考研真题回忆

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士考研真题2016年初试刚结束，很多17年考研的同学已经忙碌起来了，根据16年考研的情况，咱们育明教育的老师整理了最新的信息帮助17年同学考研，也为16年考研估分，复试提供了及时更新的信息，育明教育热线每天不停的为大家服务，欢迎大家咨询。

育明教育考研考博第一品牌，育明教育孙老师整理。

2016年北京科技大学真题回忆
翻译硕士日语
一、日汉互译
速度、提高、吉他、刹车
二、看假名写汉字并翻译
小偷、傍晚
三之后都是选择题大致N2难度吧！
敬语要特别准备一下！
最后一题是短句中译日
⊙日语翻译基础
一、词汇&短句互译
网购
双赢
百闻不如一见
青出于蓝而胜于蓝
智能手机
二、日译中
两小段文章翻译。

一篇是关于法律的。

三、中译日
两小段翻译。

四、日译中
一大段文章翻译。

关于友情。

五、中译日
一大段文章翻译。

关于男人流泪的原因。

资料来源：育明考研考博官网。

2016年北京科技大学翻译硕士英语翻译基础考研历年真题,考研参考书,考研经验,考研大纲

initiated in the 1980s and he emphasised the need for the economy to strengthen investment and become far more export-oriented. These policies, pursued by Deng’s successors, spurred extraordinary overall economic growth including the emergence from poverty into the mainstream of hundreds of millions of Chinese.
urbanization ratio 核心竞争力
资源配置
绿色增长
可燃冰
社交网络
雾霾
碳交易
二、将下列段落译为汉语（25 分）
In 1992, Deng underscored the need to follow through on the “modernisation” course that he
中国政府将可持续发展作为基本国策，强调不能再走先污染、后治理的老路，为子孙后代负责，为国际社会负责。我们正积极落实以人为本、全面协调可持续的科学发展观，既发展经济，也保护好环境，维护人民的根本和长远利益。
当前中国的新能源和可再生能源投资已经位居全球第一，森林覆盖率在新世纪的头十年内提高了 3.8%，森林面积增加了 36.51 万平方公里。
日益增长的
从事贸易 engage in trade 融资渠道 financing channels
从重处罚情节 aggravating circumstances
入户摸底调查 door-to-door survey

2016年北科大MTI考研真题回忆版

2016年北科大MTI考研真题回忆版
⊙翻译硕士日语
一、日汉互译
速度、提高、吉他、刹车
二、看假名写汉字并翻译
小偷、傍晚
三之后都是选择题大致N2难度吧！
敬语要特别准备一下！
最后一题是短句中译日
⊙日语翻译基础
一、词汇&短句互译
网购
双赢
百闻不如一见
青出于蓝而胜于蓝
智能手机
二、日译中
两小段文章翻译。

一篇是关于法律的。

三、中译日
两小段翻译。

四、日译中
一大段文章翻译。

关于友情。

五、中译日
一大段文章翻译。

关于男人流泪的原因。

⊙汉语写作与百科
一、名词解释25个
三严三实
东盟
TPP
IMF
同妻
做空
靖康耻
寒食
纪传体
创业板
辟雍
孔子学院
埃博拉
互联网+
刷剧
黄金比例
二、应用文
2016年新年致辞450字左右
三、命题作文
论操守800到1200字。

2016年北京大学翻译硕士百科知识欧美文学考研真题,考研重点

2016翻译硕士考研信息维多利亚时期（Victorian Era1819年—1901年）威廉·华兹华斯（William Wordsworth）：“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets），“桂冠诗人”（Poet Laureate）。

代表作《独自云游》（I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud），《孤寂的割麦女》（The Solitary Reaper），《丁登寺杂咏》（Lines Composed a Few Miles about Tintern Abbey），《序曲》（The Prelude）。

塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治（Samuel Taylor Coleridge）：“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets）。

代表作《古舟子咏》（The Rime of the Ancient Marine），《忽必烈汗》（Kubla Khan），《克里斯塔贝尔》（Christabel）。

罗伯特·索西（Robert Southey）：最年轻的“湖畔派”诗人（Lake poets），“桂冠诗人”（Poet Laureate）。

代表作短诗《布莱尼姆之战》（The Battle of Blenheim），《我与死者做伴的日子已经结束》（My Days among the Dead are Past），《撒拉巴》（Thalaba the Destroyer），长诗《克哈马的诅咒》（The Curse of Kehama）。

乔治·戈登·拜伦（George Gordon Byron）：伟大的诗人，英国浪漫主义文学运动的杰出代表。

代表作《恰尔德·哈罗尔德游记》（Child Harold’s Pilgrimage），长诗《唐·璜》（Don Juan）。

波希·比希·雪莱（Percy Bysshe Shelley）：著名诗人，浪漫主义文学运动的杰出代表。

2016年北京大学翻译硕士百科考研真题,报录比

16年考研详解与指导321、五月花号在马萨诸塞州登陆，并建立第一个永久的新英格兰殖民地322、威尔士是在亨利三世统治时期被占领的323、英国两大国教----英格兰和苏格兰教会324、伦敦西区是贸易中心325、门罗帕克的奇才---爱迪生----新泽西州326、辉格党和托里党名字起源于光荣革命327、爱尔兰最古老的政党是工党328、联合法把英格兰和苏格兰统一329、美国联邦法院----区法院、上诉法院和最高法院330、世界上最大淡水湖----苏必利尔湖331、密西根湖---睢一面积全在美国本土332、金雀花王朝----亨利二世----1154年创建333、1882年---排华法案334、英国内战----1642-1646年335、帝国大厦----位于纽约336、美国众议院议员每2年选举一次337、民主党的象征是驴338、美国人口最稠密的地区---东北部339、个底斯堡战役是美国南北战争的转折点340、美国最大规模的移民运动在1815年后341、美国只有路易斯安那州不受不受普通法的约束342、埃格伯特----赢得封建君主权位的英格兰第_位国王343、1928年英国全民实现选举权344、自助者天助----富兰克林的名句345、菲利普-西德尼的作品----阿卡迪亚346、古英语文学时期----449-1066年347、乔森纳-爱德华兹---新英格兰大觉醒-北美殖民地时期最富创建的神学家348、彭斯---前期浪漫主义，苏格兰民谣著称349、公元前146年，罗马征服希腊350、礼节日---圣诞节次日，英国法定假日351、1611年詹姆斯钦定圣经是最重要影响最大的英文圣经352、1636年---哈佛大学在马萨诸塞州建立，以约翰-哈佛的名字命名353、大峡谷---亚利桑那州354、伊利亚特----叙述了由阿伽门农领导的特洛伊战争355、圣经最初是以希伯来语写的356、五月花号到达马萨诸塞州的普利茅斯357、所罗门---希伯来（以色列）国王，使犹太达到鼎盛时期，以智慧著称358、欧洲中世纪被称为信仰时代359、大熔炉----因为美国多民族性360、加尔文----16世纪法国神学家，欧洲宗教改革家，著有基督教原理361、肯尼迪---美国历史上最年轻的总统和第一个罗马天主教徒362、查理一世----断头台，斯图亚特王朝国王363、4世纪末，来自中亚的匈奴人扫荡欧洲，杀害日耳曼部落364、美国众议院有435名议员，任期2年365、英国历史上的共和国----1649年-1658年366、大西洋宪章---1947年罗斯福和丘吉尔签订，四大自由367、英国下议院---不信任投投票，650个席位，任期5年368、罗马教会在1054年分裂为罗马天主教和东正教369、蒙田----文艺复兴时期法国思想家，散文家，随笔录，我知道什么？是他的名言370、公元前5世纪，希腊文化达到顶峰371、观察家报---世界上历史最悠久的全国性周报372、霍布斯---英国政治哲学家，机械睢物主义者，拥护君主专制，提出社会契约论，认为人的知识源于经验，著作是----利维坦373、图腾---从印第安语借用过来374、旧制度的西欧，人被分为3个等级----牧师或教士，庄园主和农民375、文艺复兴在16世纪达到鼎盛376、美国的实用主义----20世纪20年代对于绝大多数考生来说，英语是考研的重头戏，很多时候，可谓是“成也英语，败也英语”。

2016年北京大学翻译硕士百科知识资料考研真题,参考书目

2016年翻译硕士考研指导传统皮影戏发源于哪个地区？A• A.陕西• B.河北• C.甘肃又称羊皮戏,俗称人头戏,影子戏.发祥于中国陕西，成熟于唐宋时代的秦晋豫，极盛于清代的河北。

顾名思义，皮影是采用皮革为材料制成的，出于坚固性和透明性的考虑，又以牛皮和驴皮为佳。

上色时主要使用红、黄、青、绿、黑等五种纯色的透明颜料。

正是由于这些特殊的材质，使得皮影人物及道具在后背光照耀下投影到布幕上的影子显得瑰丽而晶莹剔透，具有独特的美感。

沿袭传统戏曲的习惯，皮影人物被划分为生、旦、净、末、丑五个类别，更加特别的是，每个人物都由头、上身、下身、两腿、两上臂、两下臂和两手十一件连缀组成，表演者通过控制人物脖领前的一根主杆和在两手端处的两根耍杆来使人物做出各式各样的动作。

在中国，不少的地方戏曲剧种都是从皮影戏中派生出来的，而皮影戏所用的幕影演出道理，以及表演艺术手段，对近代电影的发明和现代电影美术片的发展也起到了重要的先导作用。

中国皮影被世界各国的博物馆争相收藏，同时也是中国政府与其他国家领导人相互往来时的馈赠佳品，由此可见，皮影艺术在中国乃至世界上拥有很高的艺术价值。

82“压轴”最初指的是第几？B• A.倒数第一• B.倒数第二• C.倒数第三“压轴”本是京剧的“术语”。

京剧一场戏如有五出的话，第一出叫作“开锣戏”，第二出名曰“早轴”；第三出为“中轴”；第四出（倒数第二）称之为“压轴”；第五出（最后一出）则叫“大轴”。

有以上五种名称的时代，京剧还不是像现在这样只演出两三个小时的，那时的京剧演出是从大白天就开始——一般是下午一两点钟就唱开锣戏了。

演到了一两个小时之后，一些观众可能有点疲倦啦，就唱一出“硬整”一些的剧目，给大家“提提神”，这就是“早轴子”。

到了快吃完晚饭的时候，再唱一出热闹戏，叫叫座儿，这是“中轴子”的作用。

晚上的演出才是比较重要的“正戏”，要一直演出到半夜才完结呢。

所以，最好的“角儿”、最硬的剧目都要放在最后才拿出来。