2013年12月六级真题第2套

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2013年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案（卷二）

2013年12月英语六级阅读真题及答案（卷二）Part3 Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections： In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before asking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.To get a sense of how women have progressed in science, take a quick tour of the physics department at the University of California, Berkeley. This is a storied place, the 36 of some of the most important discoveries in modern science--- starting with Ernest Lawrence’s invention of the cyclotron (回旋加速器）in 1931.A generation ago, female faces were 37 and, even today, visitors walking through the first floor of LeConte Hall will see a full corridor of exhibits 38 the many distinguished physicists who made history here, 39 all of them white males.But climb up to the third floor and you’ll see a 40 display. There, among the photos of current faculty members and students, are portraits of the 41 head of the department, Marjorie Shapiro, and four other women whose research 42 everything from the mechanics of the universe to the smallest particles of matter.A sixth woman was hired just two weeks ago. Althoughthey're still only about 10 percent of the physics faculty, women are clearly a presence here. And the real 43 may be in the smaller photos to the right: graduate and undergraduate students, about 20 percent of them female. Every year Berkeley sends its fresh female physics PhDs to the country's top universities. That makes Shapiro optimistic, but also 44 "I believe things are getting better，" she says, "but they're not getting better as 45 as I would like."注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题之第二套（含答案）

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题之第二套（含答案）2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第II套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of the information explosion by referring to the saying “A wealth of information crea tes a poverty of attention.” You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explain what you can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) Labor problems.B) Weather conditions.C) An error in the order.D) Misplacing of goods.2. A) What the woman says makes a lot of sense.B) The rich are opposed to social welfare.C) He is sympathetic with poor people.D) He agrees with Mr. Johnson?s views.3. A) He will be practicing soccer.B) He has work to finish in time.C) He will be attending a meeting.D) He has a tough problem to solve.4. A) Mary should get rid of her pet as soon as possible.B) Mary will not be able to keep a dog in the building.C)Mary is not happy with the ban on pet animals.D)Mary might as well send her dog to her relative.5.A) The twins? voices are quite different.B) Lisa and Gale are not very much alike.C) He does not believe they are twin sisters.D) The woman seems a bit hard of hearing.6.A) The serious economic crisis in Britain.B) A package deal to be signed in November.C) A message from their business associates.D) Their ability to deal with financial problems.7.A) It is impossible to remove the stain completely.B) The man will be charged extra for the service.C) The man has to go to the main cleaning facility.D) Cleaning the pants will take longer than usual.8.A) European markets.B) A protest rally.C) Luxury goods.D) Imported products.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A) He made a business trip.B) He had a quarrel with Marsha.C) He talked to her on the phone.D) He resolved a budget problem.10.A) She may have to be fired for poor performance.B) She has developed some serious mental problem.C) She is in charge of the firm?s budget planning.D) She supervises a number of important projects.11.A) She failed to arrive at the airport on time.B) David promised to go on the trip in her place.C) Something unexpected happened at her home.D) She was not feeling herself on that day.12.A) He frequently gets things mixed up.B) He is always finding fault with Marsha.C) He has been trying hard to cover for Marsha.D) He often fails to follow through on his projects.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A) They are better sheltered from all the outside temptations.B) They are usually more motivated to compete with their peers.C) They have more opportunities to develop their leadership skills.D) They make an active part in more extracurricular activities.14.A) Its chief positions are held by women.B) Its teaching staff consists of women only.C) Its students aim at managerial posts.D) Its students are role models of women.15.A) It is under adequate control.B) It is traditional but colourful.C) They are more or less isolated from the outside world.D) They have ample opportunities to meet the opposite sex.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) By invading the personal space of listeners.B) By making gestures at strategic points.C) By speaking in a deep, loud voice.D) By speaking with the local accent.17.A) To promote sportsmanship among business owners.B) To encourage people to support local sports groups.C) To raise money for a forthcoming local sports event.D) To show his family?s contribution to the community.18.A) They are known to be the style of the sports world.B) They would certainly appeal to his audience.C) They represent the latest fashion in the business circles.D) They are believed to communicate power and influence.19.A) To cover up his own nervousness.B) To create a warm personal atmosphere.C) To enhance the effect of background music.D) To allow the audience to better enjoy his slides.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20.A) She was the first educated slave of John Whitley?s.B) She was the greatest female poet in Colonial America.C) She was born about the time of the War of Independence.D) She was the first African-American slave to publish a book.21.A) Revise in a number of times.B) Obtain consent from her owner.C) Go through a scholarly examination.D) Turn to the colonial governor for help.22.A) Literary works calling for the abolition of slavery.B) Religious scripts popular among slaves in America.C) A rich stock of manuscripts left by historical figures.D) Lots of lost works written by African-American women.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23.A) It is a trait of generouscharacter.B) It is a reflection of self-esteem.C) It is an indicator of high intelligence.D) It is a sign of happiness and confidence.24.A) It was self-defeating.B) It was aggressive.C) It was the essence of comedy.D) It was something admirable.25.A) It is a double-edged sword.B) It is a feature of a given culture.C) It is a unique gift of human beings.D) It is a result of both nature and nurture.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.It is important that we be mindful of the earth, the planet out of which we are born and by which we are nourished, guided, healed—the planet, however, which we have(26)_______to a considerable degree in these past two centuries of (27)_______ exploitation. This exploitation has reached such (28)_______ that presently it appears that some hundreds of thousands of species will be (29)_______ before the end of the century.In our times, human shrewdness has mastered the deep (30)_______ of the earth at a level far beyond the capacities of earlier peoples. We can break the mountains apart; we can drain the rivers and flood the valleys. We can turn the most luxuriant forests into throwaway paper products. We can (31)_______ the great grass cover of the western plains and pour (32)_______ chemicals into the soil until the soil is dead and blows away in the wind. We can pollute the air with acids, the rivers with sewage(污水), the seas with oil. We can invent computers (33)_______ processing ten million calculations per second. And why?To increase the volume and the speed with which we move natural resources through the consumer economy to the junk pile or the waste heap. Our managerial skills are measured by the competence (34)_______ in accelerating this process. If in these activities the physical features of the planet are damaged, if the environment is made inhospitable for (35)_______ living species, then so be it. We are, supposedly, creating a technological wonderworld.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: Inthis section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although theseeducators may have good36 ,their advice to families is misguided, and it 37 from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition. Educators may fear that children hearing two languages will become 38 confused and thus their language development will be 39 ;this concern is not documented in the literature. Children are capable of learning more than one language, whether 40 or sequentially(依次地). In fact, most children outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in many cases, multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an 41 and even a necessity in many areas.It is also of concern that the misguided advice that students should speak only English is given primarily to poor families with limited educational opportunities, not to wealthier families who have many educational advantages. Since children from poor families often are 42 as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate.Teachers consider learning two languages to be too 43 for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicate in English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is 44 to telling them not to communicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the 45message is that the family's native language is not important or valued.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年12月六级真题及答案(共三套)

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Some performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employees who receive a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their36 and reduce their effort or search for a new job at a firm that will37 them for high performance. Supervisors should acknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future.Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must 38 the reasons for poor performance. Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse 39 on performance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a bad attitude, may not be temporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation, they must decide whether to take any 40 actions. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation can pinpoint(指出) the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simply need to monitor the employees 41 and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected.If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period, however, they may be unable or unwilling to correct them. This situation is more serious, and the supervisor may need to take action. The action should be 42 with the f irm‟s guidelines and may include reassigning the employees to new jobs, 43 them temporarily, or firing them. A supervisor‟s action toward a poorly performing worker can 44 the attitudes of other employees. If no 45 isimposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well.Section BDirections:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The College Essay: Why Those 500 Words Drive Us CrazyA) Meg is a lawyer-mom in suburban Washington, D.C., where lawyer-moms are thick on theground. Her son Doug is one of several hundred thousand high-school seniors who had a painful fall. The deadline for applying to his favorite college was Nov. 1,and by early October he had yet to fill out the application. More to the point, he had yet to settle on a subject for the personal essay accompanying the application. According to college folklore, a well-turned essay has the power to seduce (诱惑) an admissions committee. “He wanted to do one thing ata time,”Meg says, explaining her son‟s delay. “But really, my son is a huge procrastinator (拖延者). The essay is the hardest thing to do, so he‟s put it off the longest.” Friends and other veterans of the process have warned Meg that the back and forth between editing parent and writing student can be traumatic (痛苦的).B) Back in the good old days—say, two years ago, when the last of my children suffered theordeal (折磨)—a high-school student applying to college could procrastinate all the way to New Year‟s Day of their senior year, assuming they could withstand the paren tal pestering (烦扰).But things change fast in the nail-biting world of college admissions.The recent trend toward early decision and early action among selective colleges and universities has pushed the traditional deadline of January up to Nov. 1 or early December for many students.C) If the time for heel-dragging has been shortened, the true source of the anxiety and panicremains what it has always been. And it‟s not the application itself. A college application is a relatively straightforward questionnaire asking for the basics: name, address, family history employment history. It would all be innocent enough—20 minutes of busy work—except it comes attached to a personal essay.D) “There are good reasons it causes such anxiety,” says Lisa Sohmer, directo r of collegecounseling at the Garden School in Jackson Heights, N.Y. “It‟s not just the actual writing. By noweverything else is already set. Your course load is set, your grades are set, your test scores are set. But the essay is something you can still control, and it‟s open-ended. So the temptation is to write and rewrite and rewrite.” Or stall and stall and stall.E) The application essay, along with its mythical importance, is a recent invention. In the1930s,when only one in 10 Americans had a degree from a four-year college, an admissionscommit tee was content to ask for a sample of applicants‟ school papers to assess their writing ability. By the 1950s, most schools required a brief personal statement of why the student had chosen to apply to one school over another.F) Today nearly 70 percent of graduating seniors go off to college, including two-year andfour-year institutions. Even apart from the increased competition, the kids enter a process that has been utterly transformed from the one baby boomers knew. Nearly all application materials are submitted online, and the Common Application provides a one-size-fits form accepted by more than 400 schools, including the nation‟s most selective.G) Those schools usually require essays of their own, but the longest essay, 500 words maximum,is generally attached to the Common Application. Students choose one of six questions.Applicants are asked to describe an ethical dilemma they‟ve faced and its impact on them, or discuss a public issue of special concern to them, or tell of a fictional character or creative work that has profoundly influenced them. Another question invites them to write about the importance (to them, again) of diversity―a word that has assumed magic power in American higher education. The most popular option: write on a topic of your choice.H) “Boys in particular look at the other questions and say, …Oh, that‟s too much work,‟” says JohnBoshoven, a counselor in the Ann Arbor, Mich., public schools. “They think if they do a topic of their choice, “I‟ll just go get that history paper I did last year on the Roman Empire and turn it into a first-person application essay!‟ And they end up producing something utterly ridiculous.”I) Talking to admissions professionals like Boshoven, you realize that the list of “don‟ts” in essaywriting is much longer than the “dos.”“No book reports, no history papers, no character studies,”says Sohmer.J) “It drives you cra zy, how easily kids slip into clichés(老生常谈),”says Boshoven. “They don‟t realize how typical their experiences arc. …I scored the winning goal in soccer against our arch-rival.‟…My grandfather served in World War II, and I hope to be just like him someday.‟That may mean a lot to that particular kid. But in the world of the application e ssay, it‟s nothing. You‟ll lose the reader in the first paragraph.”K) “The greatest strength you bring to this essay,” says the College Board‟s how-to book, “is 17 years or so of familiarity with the topic: YOU. The form and style are very familiar, and best of all, you are the world-class expert on the subject of YOU ... It has been the subject of your close scrutiny every morning since you were tall enough to see into the bathroom mirror.”Thekey word in the Common Application prompts is “you.”L) The college admission essay contains the grandest American themes―status anxiety, parental piety (孝顺), intellectual standards—and so it is only a matter of time before it becomes infected by the country‟s culture of excessive concern with self-esteem. Even if the question is ostensibly (表面上) about something outside the self (describe a fictional character or solve a problem of geopolitics), the essay invariably returns to the favorite topic: what is its impact on YOU?M)“For all the anxiety the essay causes,”says Bill McClintick of Mercersburg Academy in Pennsylvania, “it‟s a very small piece of the puzzle. I was in college admissions for 10 years. I saw kids and parents beat themselves up over this. And at the vast majority of places, it is simply not a big variable in the college‟s decision-making process.”N) Many admissions officers say they spend less than a couple of minutes on each application, including the essay. According to a recent survey of admissions officers, only one in four private colleges sa y the essay is of “considerable importance” in judging an application.Among public colleges and universities, the number drops to roughly one in 10. By contrast,86 percent place “considerable importance” on an applicant‟s grades, 70 percent on “strengthof curriculum.”O) Still, at the most selective schools, where thousands of candidates may submit identically high grades and test scores, a marginal item like the essay may serve as a tie-breaker between two equally qualified candidates. The thought is certainly enough to keep the pot boiling under parents like Meg, the lawyer-mom, as she tries to help her son choose an essay topic. For a moment the other day, she thought she might have hit on a good one. “His father‟s fromFrance,” she says. “I said maybe you could write about that, as something that makes you different. You know: half French, half American. I said, …You could write about your identity issues.‟He said, …I don‟t have any identity issues!‟And he‟s right. He‟s a well-adjusted, normal kid. B ut that doesn‟t make for a good essay, does it?”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

大学英语六级卷二真题2013年12月-推荐下载

A He made a business trip. B He had a quarrel with Marsha. C He talked to her on the phone. D He resolved a budget problem. 10. A She may have to be fired for poor performance. B She has developed some serious mental problem. C She is in charge of the firm's budget planning. D She supervises a number of important projects. 11. A She failed to arrive at the airport on time. B David promised to go on the trip in her place. C Something unexpected happened at her home. D She was not feeling herself on that day. 12. A He frequently gets things mixed up. B He is always finding fault with Marsha. C He has been trying hard to cover for Marsha. D He often fails to follow through on his projects. Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 13. A They are better sheltered from all the outside temptations. B They are usually more motivated to compete with their peers. C They have more opportunities to develop their leadership skills. D They make an active part in more extracurricular activities. 14. A Its chief positions are held by women. ) B Its teaching staff consists of women only.

2013年12月英语六级真题第二套听力详解

1.W: Hasmy order arrived yet? I have been expecting it last week.M：I called the company thismorning. They had some labor problems, so your order will be shipped late. Itshould be here by the end of the week.Q；What has caused the delayof the shipment?2.W:Idon’t agree with Mr. Johnson’s views on social welfare. He seems to suggest thepoor are robbing the rich.M: Hemight have used better words to express his idea, but I think what he saidmakes a lot of sense.Q：What does the man mean?3.M：Liz, I just f ound out Ihave a meeting and I can’t pick up the kids after their soccer practice. Wouldyou be able to pick them up in time?W：Yes, that won’t be aproblem. I think I can finish early today.Q：Why does the man say he can’tpick up the kids?4.W: Maryis going to get a little dog from one of her relatives.M: Really?But I hear her apartment building is about to place a ban on pet animals.Q：What does the man imply?5.W：I can never tell whether it’sLisa or Gale on the phone. Their voices sound incredibly similar.M:That’sabout the only thing they have in common for twins, believe it or not.Q：What does the man mean?6.W: Jay,what does the fax from our associates in Britain say?M：They want to know if theeconomic crisis would affect our ability to carry out the deal we signed lastNovember.Q：What are the speakerstalking about?7.M: Doyou think you'll be able to get this ink stain out of my pants?W: Itwon't be a problem, but I need to send them over to our main cleaning facility.That’s an extra day’s time.Q：What does the woman mean?8.W: Thatlooks like a protest rally. I wonder what they are protesting against.M: Thatsign says they are against importing luxury goods from Europe. They seemed tobe getting so worked up about that.Q：What are the speakerstalking about?听力长对话原文1Conversation OneW：What isit, Bob? (9)You sounded pretty serious on the phone. Have we still got a budgetproblem?M：I don’ know. I hope not. Themeeting's on Friday. But that’s not what I want to talk to you about. Er, closethe door, will y ou? It’s Marsha.W: Marsha?What about her?M:I'mworried. I don’t know what to do. (10)She’s just not performing. We may have tolet her go.W:Fireher? She’s been with us a long time, Bob. If she leaves, it’ll be a big loss tous. She’s done really excellen t work.M：Yes. But lately, the lastmonth or so, in fact, there have been a lot of problems. She’s changed. Notonly does she have a tendency to be moody all the time, but she missesappointments, doesn’t follow through on projects, and doesn't seem to plananything till the last minute.W:Em, didshe ever explain why she didn’t show up for the Denver trip?M：No. She said she was sorryand that it wouldn’t happen again. (11) Something about a mix-up onarrangements to get to the airport. Now, whenever anybody men tions the subjectto her, she just goes silent. I don’t know. Thank goodness, David pulled us outof the hole on that one.W: Yes, hedid a really fine job, filling in for Marsha like that at the last minute.M：(12)I don’t think it was thefirst time he’s had to do that. If we knew all the facts, I think we’d findthat he's been covering for Marsha on quite a few projects.9. Whatdid the man do before he came to see the woman?10. Whatdoes the man say about Marsha?11. Howdid Marsha explain why she didn't show up for the Denver trip?12. Whatdoes the man say about David?听力长对话原文2Conversation TwoM：You also hire the mistressesof Oxford High School for girls. How many girls do you have here?W：We have 615 girls.M: in yourexperience, do girls do better academically and later professionally insingle-sex schools?W：Yes. I think they do betteracademically and you can measure that very crudely from the examinationresults, (13) I also think they do better academically because they have moreopportunities to take the leading role in discussions and in managerial responsibilities.(14)I think they see the role models of the chief positions in the school beingheld by women.M：I wonder if you could saythen in a few words what the advantages are for a girl at a single-sex sch ool.Well, I think within the classroom, she’s going to have full opportunity toexpress her own opinions. She isn’t going to be shouted down by over-confidentyoung gentlemen.W: Areteenagers in particular, do you think, sheltered too much from contact with theopposite sex? Does this cause them difficulties when they find themselves inmixed groups?M：Well, I would like to findthe parents who could shelter girls from the opposite sex if they live in Oxford.(15)They encounter boys all the time socially out of school, and throughdebating societies and things like that, some school activities as well.M: So, nodisadvantages at all?W：I don’t think there are anydisadvantages. I think that it’s grossly overstated that one needs to havecontact with the opposite sex right through the whole of life, in the classroomand outside the classroom and at all ages.13. Whatdoes the woman say about the girls in her school?14. Whatdo we learn about the woman's school?15. What does the woman say about the girls' social life?听力短文原文Passage OneLarry arrivedearly for his speaking engagement. He positioned the table so that he couldmove close to the audience that's the strategic point in the speech.(16)He hadread that speakers can be more persuasive if they invade the personal space oflisteners, encouraging an emotional response. For the same reason, he placedthe chairs close to each other and raised the temperature to a slightlyuncomfortable level. (17)The purpose of the speech was to encourage theaudience of corporate executives and local business owners to support localsports groups. To enhance his credibility with the audience, Larry had broughtsome slides of his family attending sports events. One photo showed him at anaward ceremony, where he had been honored for his financial contribution to alocal baseball team. Realizing that this particular audience would find hisregional accent unattractive, Larry planned to speak with an accent that wouldbe more acceptable to his audience. (18)After reading a book on how to addressfor success, he had purchased an expensive dark navy suit and golden tie. Hechose colors and styles known to communicate power and influence. (19)Justbefore people began entering the hall, Larry dimmed the lights and turned upthe sound system, which was playing soft music, hoping tocreate a warmpersonal atmosphere for the speech. He hoped that these added effects wouldencourage his audience to support local sports teams. He had also planned thecontent of his speech to focus on the teams with the best records, the onesthat had won the most games in the last season.16.How cana speaker make himself more persuasive when delivering a speech?17.Forwhat purpose was Larry going to make a speech?18.Why didLarry purchase an expensive navy suit and golden tie?19.Why didLarry dim the lights and turn up the sound system before people entered thehall?Passage TwoPhillisWheatley was a young African-American slave who belonged to landowner JohnWheatley in Colonial America. (20)She was also a poet and the firstAfrican-American ever to publish a book. Her poems on various subjects,religious and moral were printed in Boston in 1773, three years before thesigning of the Declaration of Independence. Early slaves were generally deniededucation, but Wheatley was allowed by her owner to study poetry, Latin and theBible. And by the time she reached her late teens, she had written enoughpoetry to put together a slender book of verse. Even so, publication wasdifficult. (21)The publisher, fearful of being cheated, forced her to submit tohis scholarly examination by a board of educated men, including the colonialgovernor. The board of judges questioned Wheatley extensively and ruled thatshe was educated enough to have written the book. Only then was publicationpermitted. Wheatley may have been the first, but she was not the only slave towrite books during the growing days of the Republic. Unfortunately, most of theearly popular African-American writers have been all but forgotten in moderntimes until now. A chronicle professor, Henry Louis Gates, recently studied aresearch project looking into 19th century African-American fiction and poetry.(22)In the process he uncovered numerous lost works, almost half of which werewritten by African-American women. In very literary styles, the newlyresurfaced manuscripts offered a rich stock of African-American culture,recreating among other things the early days of slavery and the importance ofreligion to the slaves.20. Whatdoes the speaker say about Phillis Wheatley?21. Whatwas Wheatley forced to do to get her book published?22. Whatdid Prof. Henry Louis Gates uncover in the process of his research?Passage ThreeIn today'spersonality stakes, nothing is more highly valued than the sense of humor. Weseek it out in others and are proud to claim it in ourselves, perhaps even morethan good looks or intelligence. (23) If someone has a great sense of humor, wereason, it means that they are happy, socially confident and have a healthyperspective on life. (24)This attitude would have surprised the ancient Greeks,who believed humor to be essentially aggressive. And in fact our admiration forthe comically gifted is relatively new and not very well-founded, says RodMartin’s a psychologist at the University of Western Ontario. "Being funnyisn't necessarily an indicator of good social skills and well-being,” hisresearch has shown, "it may just exactly be a sign of personalityflaws." (25)He has found that humor is a double-edged sword. It can forgebetter relationships and help you cope with life, or it can be corrosive eatingaway your self-esteem and irritating others. "It’s a form of communicationlike speech, and we all use it differently*" says Martin. We use bondinghumor to enhance our social connections* but we also may employ it as a way ofexcluding or rejecting an outsider. Though humor is essentially social, how youuse it says a lot about your sense of self. Those who use self-defeating humor,making fun of themselves, of the enjoyment of others, tend to maintain thathostility toward themselves even when alone. Similarly, those who are able toview the world with amused tolerance are often equally forgiving of their ownshortcomings.23. How dopeople today view humor according to the speaker?24. Whatdid ancient Greeks think of humor?25. What has psychologist Rod Martin found about humor?听力填空It isimportant that we be mindful of the earth, the planet out of which we are bornand by which we are nourished, guided, healed-the planet, however, which wehave abused to a considerable degree in these past two centuries of industrialexploitation. This exploitation has reached such extremes that presently itappears that some hundreds of thousands of species will be extinguished beforethe end of the century.In our times, human shrewdness has mastered the deep mysteriesof the earth at a level far beyond the capacities of earlier peoples. We canbreak the mountains apart; we can drain the rivers and flood the valleys. Wecan turn the most luxuriant forests into throwaway paper products. We can tear apartthe great grass cover of the western plains and pour toxic chemicals into thesoil until the soil is dead and blows away in the wind. We can pollute the airwith acids, the rivers with sewage(污水), the seas with oil. We caninvent computers capable of processing ten million calculations per second. Andwhy"? To increase the volume and the speed with which we move naturalresources through the consumer economy to the junk pile or the waste heap. Ourmanagerial skills are measured by the competence manifested in acceleratingthis process. If in these activities the physical features of the planet aredamaged, if the environment is made inhospitable for a multitude of living species,then so be it. We are, supposedly, creating a technological wonder world.【听力短对话解析】1.A)【精析】事实细节题。

2013年12月英语六级听力试题及答案第2套

2013年12月英语六级听力原文第2套Section A1. A) Dr. Smith's waiting room isn't tidy.B) Dr. Smith enjoys reading magazines.C) Dr. Smith has left a good impression on her.D) Dr. Smith may not be a good choice.2. A) The man will rent the apartment when it is available.B) The man made a bargain with the landlady over the rent.C) The man insists on having a look at the apartment first.D) The man is not fully satisfied with the apartment.3. A) Packing up to go abroad.B) Brushing up on her English.C) Drawing up a plan for her English course.D) Applying for a visa to the United States.4. A) He is anxious to find a cure for his high blood pressure.B) He doesn't think high blood pressure is a problem for him.C) He was not aware of his illness until diagnosed with it.D) He did not take the symptoms of his illness seriously.5. A) To investigate the causes of AIDS.B) To raise money for AIDS patients.C) To rally support for AIDS victims in Africa.D) To draw attention to the spread of AIDS in Asia.6. A) It has a very long history.B) It is a private institution.C) It was founded by Thomas Jefferson.D) It stresses the comprehensive study of nature.7. A) They can't fit into the machine.B) They have not been delivered yet.C) They were sent to the wrong address.D) They were found to be of the wrong type.8. A) The food served in the cafeteria usually lacks variety.B) The cafeteria sometimes provides rare food for the students.C) The students find the service in the cafeteria satisfactory.D) The cafeteria tries hard to cater to the students' needs. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) He picked up some apples in his yard.B) He cut some branches off the apple tree.C) He quarreled with his neighbor over the fence.D) He cleaned up all the garbage in the woman's yard.10. A) Trim the apple trees in her yard.B) Pick up the apples that fell in her yard.C) Take the garbage to the curb for her.D) Remove the branches from her yard.11. A) File a lawsuit against the man.B) Ask the man for compensation.C) Have the man's apple tree cut down.D) Throw garbage into the man's yard.12. A) He was ready to make a concession.B) He was not prepared to go to court.C) He was not intimidated.D) He was a bit concerned.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) Bad weather.B) Human error.C) Breakdown .D) Failure of the communications system.14. A) Two thousand feet.B) Twelve thousand feet.C) Twenty thousand feet.D) Twenty-two thousand feet.15. A) Accurate communication is of utmost importance.B) Pilots should be able to speak several foreign languages.C) Air controllers should keep a close watch on the weather.D) Cooperation between pilots and air controllers is essential. Section BPassage OneQuestions16 to 19 are based on the conversation you have just heard.16. A) His father caught a serious disease.B) His mother passed away.C) His mother left him to marry a rich businessman.D) His father took to drinking.17. A) He disliked being disciplined.B) He was expelled by the university.C) He couldn't pay his gambling debts.D) He enjoyed working for a magazine.18. A) His poems are heavily influenced by French writers.B) His stories are mainly set in the State of Virginia.C) His work is difficult to read.D) His language is not refined.19. A) He grieved to death over the loss of his wife.B) He committed suicide for unknown reasons.C) He was shot dead at the age of 40.D) He died of heavy drinking.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) Women.B) Prisoners.C) Manual workers.D) School age children.21. A) He taught his students how to pronounce the letters first.B) He matched the letters with the sounds familiar to the learners.C) He showed the learners how to combine the letters into simple words.D) He divided the letters into groups according to the way they are written.22. A) It can help people to become literate within a short time.B) It was originally designed for teaching the English language.C) It enables the learners to master a language within three months.D) It is effective in teaching any alphabetical language to Brazilians.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) The crop's blooming period is delayed.B) The roots of crops are cut off.C) The topsoil is seriously damaged.D) The growth of weeds is accelerated.24. A) It's a new way of applying chemical fertilizer.B) It's an improved method of harvesting crops.C) It's a creative technique for saving labor.D) It's a farming process limiting the use of ploughs.25. A) In areas with few weeds and unwanted plants.B) In areas with a severe shortage of water.C) In areas lacking in chemical fertilizer.D) In areas dependent on imported food.Section CAdults are getting smarter about how smart babies are. Not long ago. researchers learned that 4-day-old could understand (26)______ and subtraction. Now. British research psychologist Graham Schafer has discovered that infants can learn words for uncommon things long before they can speak. He found that 9-month-old infants could be taught, through repeated show-and-tell, to (27)______ the names of objects that were foreign to them, a result that (28)______ in some ways the received wisdom that, apart from learning to (29)______ things common to their daily lives, children don't begin to build vocabulary until well into their second year. "It's no (30)______ that children learn words, but the words they tend to know arc words linked to (31)______ situations in the home." explains Schafer. "This is the first demonstration that we can choose what words the children will learn and that they can respond to them with an unfamiliar voice (32)______ in an unfamiliar setting."Figuring out how humans acquire language may (33)______ why some children learn to read and write later than others. Schafer says, and could lead to better treatments for developmental problems. What's more, the study of language (34)______ offers direct insight into how humans learn. "Language is a test case for human cognitive development." says Schafer. But parents eager to teach their infants should take note: even without being taught new words, a control group (35)______ the other infants within a few months. "This is not about advancing development." he says. "It's just about what children can do at an earlier age than what educators have often thought."1-25 DCBCDABABD ACBCA BCCDA DACDB26.addition27.recognize28.challenges29.identify30. secret31.specific32. giving instructions33. shed light on34.acquisition35. caught up with。

2013年12月英语六级真题及答案汇总

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2013年12月英语六级真题(含答案共3套)

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Youshould decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2with asingle line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Among the government’s most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend ontheir children. Not surprisingly, the costs are steep. For a middle-class, husband-and-wife family(average pretax income in 2009: $76,250), spending per child is about $12,000 a year. With.inflation the family’s spending on a child will total $286,050 by age 17The dry statistics ought to inform the ongoing deficit debate, because a budget is not just acatalog of programs and taxes. It reflects a society’s priorities and values. Our society does not despite rhetoric(说辞) to the contrary—put much value on raising children. Present budgetpolicies tax parents heavily to support the elderly. Meanwhile, tax breaks for children are modest.If deficit reduction aggravates these biases, more Americans may choose not to have children or tohave fewer children. Down that path lies economic decline.Societies that cannot replace their populations discourage investment and innovation. Theyhave stagnant (萧条的) or shrinking markets for goods and services. With older populations,theyresist change. To stabilize its population—discounting immigration—women must have an2.0.Many countries with struggling economiesaverage of two children. That’s a fertility rate ofare well below that.shaped by culture, religion, Though having a child is a deeply personal decision, it’sa good answer” asto why fertility varies amongeconomics, and government policy. “No one hascountries, says sociologist Andrew Cherlin of The Johns Hopkins University. Eroding religiousbelief in Europe may partly explain lowered birthrates. In Japan young women may be rebellingisolated lives of child rearing. General optimism and pessimism count.against their mothers’　Hopefulness fueled Ameri ca’s baby boom. After the Soviet Union’s collapse, says Cherlin,Russiaand Eastern Europe.“anxiety for the future” depressed birthrates inIn poor societies, people have children to improve their economic well-being by increasingthe number of family workers and providing supports for parents in their old age. In wealthysocieties, the logic often reverses. Government now supports the elderly, diminishing the need forchildren. By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children inthe United States and almost 1.0 in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journalNational Affairs. Similarly, some couples don’t have children because they don’t want to sacrificetheir own lifestyles to the lime and expense of a family.Young Americans already face a bleak labor market that cannot instill (注入) confidenceabout having children. Piling on higher t axes won’t help, “If higher taxes make it more expensiveto raise children,” says Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, “peopletwice about having another child.” That seems like common sense, despite the multiple influences on becoming parents.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年12月英语六级真的题目及问题详解下载(第二套)(word版)

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题(第2套)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay about the impact of the information explosion by referring to the saying "A wealth of information creates apoverty of attention. " You can give examples to illustrate your point and then explainwhat you can do to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information. You shouldwrite at least 150 words but no more than 200 words._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end ofeach conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A．, B．, C． and D), anddecide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.1.A． Labor problems.B． Weather conditions.C． An error in the order.D．Misplacing'of goods.2. A． What the woman says makes a lot of sense.B． The rich are opposed to social welfare.C． He is sympathetic with poor people.D．He agrees with Mr. Johnson's views.3. A． He will be practicing soccer.B． He has work to finish in time.C． He will be attending a meeting.D．He has a tough problem to solve.4. A． Mary should get rid of her pet as soon as possible.B． Mary will not be able to keep a dog in the building.C． Mary is not happy with the ban on pet animals.D．Mary might as well send her dog to her relative.5. A． The twins' voices are quite different.B． Lisa and Gale are not very much alike.C． He does not believe they are twin sisters.D．The woman seems a bit hard of hearing.6. A． The serious economic crisis in Britain. 、B． A package deal to be signed in November.C． A message from their business associates.D．Their ability to deal with financial problems.7. A． It is impossible to remove the stain completely.B． The man will be charged extra for the service.C． The man has to go to the main cleaning facility.D．Cleaning the pants will take longer than usual.8. A． European markets.B． A protest rally.C． Luxury goods.D．Imported products.Conversation OneQuestions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A． He made a business trip.B． He had a quarrel with Marsha.C． He talked to her on the phone.D．He resolved a budget problem.10. A． She may have to be fired for poor performance.B． She has developed some serious mental problem.C． She is in charge of the firm's budget planning.D．She supervises a number of important projects.11. A． She failed to arrive at the airport on time.B． David promised to go on the trip in her place,C． Something unexpected happened at her home. D．She was not feeling herself on that day.12. A． He frequently gets things mixed up.B． He is always finding fault with Marsha.C． He Ires been trying hard to cover for Marsha.D．He often fails to follow through on his projects.Conversation TwoQuestions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A． They are better sheltered from all the outside temptations.B． They are usually more motivated to compete with their peers.C． They have more opportunities to develop their leadership skills.D．They take an active part in more extracurricular activities.14. A． Its chief positions are held by women.B． Its teaching staff consists of women only.C． Its students aim at managerial posts.D．Its students are role models of women.15. A． It is under adequate control.B． It is traditional but coloufful.C． They are more or less isolated from the outside world.D．They have ample opportunities to meet the opposite sex.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you willhearsome questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you heara question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A．, B．, C． andD ). Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through thecentre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A． By invading the personal space of listeners.B． By making gestures at strategic points.C． By speaking in a deep, loud voice.D．By speaking with the local accent.17. A． To promote sportsmanship among business owners.B． To encourage people to support local sports groups.C． To raise money for a forthcoming local sports event.D．To show his family's contribution to the community.18. A． They are known to be the style of the sports world.B． They would certainly appeal to his audience.C． They represent the latest fashion in the business circles.D．They are believed to communicate power and influence.19. A． To cover up his own nervousness.B． To create a warm personal atmosphere.C． To enhance the effect of background music.D．To allow the audience to better enjoy his slides.Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A． She was the first educated slave of John Wheatley's.B． She was the greatest female poet in Colonial America.C． She was born about the time of the War of Independence.D．She was the first African-American slave to publish a book.21. A． Revise it a number of times.B． Obtain consent from her owner.C． Go through a scholarly examination.D．Turn to the colonial governor for help.22. A． Literary works calling for the abolition of slavery.B． Religious scripts popular among slaves in America.C． A rich stock of manuscripts left by historical figures.D．Lots of lost works written by African-American women.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A． It is a trait of generous characterB． It is a reflection of self-esteem. .C． It is an indicator of high intelligence.D．It is a sign of happiness and confidence.24. A． Itwas self-defeating.B． It was aggressive.C． It was the essence of comedy.D．It was something admirable.25. A． It is a double-edged sword.B． It is a feature of a given culture.C． It is a unique gift of human beings.D．It is a result of both nature and nurture.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read forthe firsttime, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for thesecond time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you havewritten.It is important that we be mindful of the earth, the planet out of which we are born andby which weare nourished, guided, healed—the planet, however, which we have 26________ to a considerable degree inthese past two centuries of 27________ exploitation. This exploitationhas reached such 28________that presently itappears that some hundreds of thousands of specieswill be 29________ before the end of the century.In our times, human shrewdness has mastered the deep 30________ of the earth at a levelfar beyond thecapacities of earlier peoples. We can break the mountains apart; we can drain therivers and flood thevalleys. We can turn the most luxuriant forests into throwaway paper products.We can 31________the greatgrass cover of the western plains and pour 32________chemicals intothe soil until the soft is dead and blowsaway in the wind. We can pollute the air with acids,the rivers with sewage (污水), the seas with oil. Wecan invent computers 33________processingten million calculations per second. And why? To increase thevolume and the speed with which wemove natural resources through the consumer economy to the junkpile or the waste heap. Our managerial skills are measured by the competence 34________in accelerating thisprocess. If inthese activities the physical features of the planet are damaged, if the environment is madeinhospitable for 35________living species, then so be it. We are, supposedly, creating a technological wonderworld.PartIII Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirection：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select oneword foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identifiedby a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more thanonce~Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second languageto speakonly English, and not their native language, at home. Although these educators may havegood 36________,their advice to families is misguided, and it 37________from misunderstandingsabout the process of languageacquisition. Educators may fear that children hearing two languageswill become 38________ confused and thustheir language development will be 39________; thisconcern is not documented in the literature. Children arecapable of learning more than one language,whether 40________or sequentially (依次地). In fact, mostchildren outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in manycases,multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an 41________ and evena necessity inmany areas. It is also of concern that the .misguided advice that students should speak only Englishis givenprimarily to poor families with limited educational opportunities, not to wealthierfamilies who have manyeducational advantages. Since children from poor families often are42________as at-risk for academic failure,teachers believe that advising families to speak Englishonly is appropriate. Teachers consider learning twolanguages to be too 43________for childrenfrom poor families, believing that the children are alreadyburdened by their home situations. If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicatein English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is 44________to telling them not tocommunicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the 45________message is that the family's nativelanguage is not important or valued.A． asset I．permanentlyB． delayed J． prevalentC． deviates K．simultaneouslyD．equivalent L． stemsE．identified M． successivelyF． intentions N． underlyingG．object O．visualizingH． overwhelmingSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.The Uses of DifficultyThe brain likes a challenge—and putting a few obstacles in its way may well boost its creativity.[A] Jack White, the former frontman of the White Stripes and an influential figure among fellowmusicians, likes to make things difficult for himself. He uses cheap guitars that won't stay in shape orin tune. When performing, he positions his instruments in a way that is deliberately inconvenient, sothat switching from guitar to organ mid-song involves a mad dash across the stage. Why? Becausehe's on the run from what he describes as a disease that preys on every artist: "ease of use". Whenmaking music gets too easy, says White, it becomes harder to make it sing.[ B] It's an odd thought. Why would anyone make their work more difficult than it already is? Yet weknow that difficulty can pay unexpected dividends. In 1966, soon after the Beatles had finished workon "Rubber Soul", Paul McCartney looked into the possibility of going to America to record theirnext album. The equipment in American studios was more advanced than anything in Britain, whichhad led the Beatles' great rivals, the Rolling Stones, to make their latest album, "Aftermath", in LosAngeles. McCartney found that EMI's (百代唱片) contractual clauses made it prohibitively expensiveto follow suit, and the Beatles had to make do with the primitive technology of Abbey Road.[C] Lucky for us. Over the next two years they made their most groundbreaking work, turning therecording studio into a magical instrument of its own. Precisely because they were working with oldofashioned machines, George Martin and his team of engineers were forced to apply every ounce oftheir creativity to solve the problems posed to them by Lennon and McCartney. Songs like"Tomorrow Never Knows", " Strawberry Fields Forever", and "A Day in the Life" featuredrevolutionary sound effects that dazzled and mystified Martin's American counterparts.[D] Sometimes it's only when a difficulty is removed that we realise what it was doing for us. For morethan two decades, starting in the 1960s, the poet Ted Hughes sat on the judging panelof an annualpoetry competition for British schoolchildren. During the 1980s he noticed an increasing number oflong poems among the submissions, with some running to 70 or 80 pages. These poems were verballyinventive and fluent, but also "strangely boring". After making inquiries Hughes discovered that theywere being composed on computers, then just finding their way into British homes.[E] You might have thought any tool which enables a writer to get words on to the page would be anadvantage. But there may be a cost to such facility. Ifi an interview with the Paris Review Hughesspeculated that when a person puts pen to paper, "you meet the terrible resistance of what happenedyour first year at it, when you couldn't write at all". As the brain attempts to force the unsteady handto do its bidding, the tension between the two results in a more compressed, psychologically denserexpression. Remove that resistance and you are more likely to produce a 70-page ramble (不找边际的长篇大论).[F] Our brains respond better to difficulty than we imagine. In schools, teachers and pupils alike oftenassume that if a concept has been easy to learn, then the lesson has been successful. But numerousstudies have now found that when classroom material is made harder to absorb, pupils retain more of it over the long term, and understand it on a deeper level.[G] As a poet, Ted Hughes had an acute sensitivity to the way in which constraints on self-expression,like the disciplines of metre and rhyme (韵律), spur creative thought. What applies to poets andmusicians also applies to our daily lives. We tend to equate (等同)happiness with freedom, but, asthe psychotherapist and writer Adam Phillips has observed, without obstacles to our desires it'sharder to know what we want, or where we're heading. He tells the story of a patient, a first-timemother who complained that her young son was always clinging to her, wrapping himself around herlegs wherever she went. She never had a moment to herself, she said, because her son was "alwaysin the way". When Phillips asked her where she would go if he wasn't in the way, she repliedcheerfully, "Oh, I wouldn't know where I was!"[H] Take another common obstacle: lack of money. People often assume that more money will makethem happier. But economists who study the relationship between money and happiness haveconsistently found that, above a certain income, the two do not reliably correlate. Despite the easewith which the rich can acquire almost anything they desire, they are just as likely to be unhappy asthe middle classes. In this regard at least, F. Scott Fitzgerald was wrong.[I] Indeed, ease of acquisition is the problem. The novelist Edward St Aubyn has a narrator remark ofthe very rich that, "not having to consider affordability, their desires rambled on like unstoppablebores, relentless (持续不断的) and whimsical (反复无常的) at the same time. " When BostonCollege, a private research university, wanted a better feel for its potential donors, it asked thepsychologist Robert Kenny to investigate the mindset of the super-rich. He surveyed 165 households,most of which had a net worth of $ 25m or more. He found that many of his subjects were confusedby the infinite options their money presented them with. They found it hard to know what to want,creating a kind of existential bafflement. One of them put it like this: "You know, Bob, you can justbuy so much stuff, and when you get to the point where you can just buy so much stuff, now what are you going to do?"[J] The Internet makes information billionaires out of all of us, and the architects of our onlineexperiences are catching on to the need to make things creatively difficult. Twitter's huge success isrooted in the simple but profound insight that in a medium'with infinite space for serf-expression, themost interesting thing we can do is restrict ourselves to 140 characters.The music service This Is MyJam helps people navigate the tens of millions of tracks now availableinstantly via Spotify andiTunes. Users pick their favourite song of the week to share with others.They only get to chooseone. The service was only launched this year,,but by the end of September650,000 jams had beenchosen. Its cofounder Matt Ogle explains its raison d'etre (存在的理由) likethis: "In an age ofendless choice, we were missing a way to say: This. This is the one you shouldlisten to'. "[K] Today's world offers more opportunity than ever to follow the advice of the Walker Brothersand make it easy on ourselves. Compared with a hundred years ago, our lives are less tightlybound bysocial norms and physics! Constraints. Technology has cut out much of life's donkeywork,and wehave more freedoms than ever: we can wear what we like and communicate with hundreds offriendsat once at the click of a mouse. Obstacles are everywhere disappearing. Few of us wishto turn theclock back, but perhaps we need to remind ourselves how useful the right obstaclescan be.Sometimes, the best route to fulfilment is the path of more resistance.46. The rigorous requirements placed on the writing of poetry stimulate the poet's creativity.47. With creativity, even old-fashioned instruments may produce spectacular sound effects.48. More money does not necessarily bring greater happiness.49. It is a false assumption that lessons should be made easier to learn.50. Obstacles deliberately placed in the creation of music contribute to its success.51. Thosewho enjoy total freedom may not find themselves happy.52. Ted Hughes discovered many long poems submitted for poetry competition were composed on computers.53. Maybe we need to bear in mind that the right obstacles help lead us to greater achievements.54. An investigation found that many of the super-rich were baffled by the infinite choices theirmoney made available.55. One free social networking website ttwned out to be successful because it limited each postingto one hundred and forty characters.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A , B, C andD ). You shoulddecide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.There was a time not long ago when new science Ph. D. s in the United States were expectedtopursue a career path in academ/a (学术界).But today, most graduates end up working outsideacademia, not only in industry but also in careers such as science policy, communications,and patentlaw. partly this is a result of how bleak the academic job market is, but there's alsoa rising awareness ofcareer options that Ph.D. scientists haven't trained for directly—but forwhich they have usefulknowledge, skills, and experience. Still, there's a huge disconnect betweenthe way we currently trainscientists and the actual employment opportunities available for them,and an urgent need for dramaticimprovements in training programs to help close the gap, One criticalstep that could help to drive changewould be to require Ph.D. students and postdoctoral scientiststo follow an individual development plan(IDP).In 2002, the U. S. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology recommendedthat everypostdoctoral researcher put together an IDP in consultation with an adviser. Since then, several academicinstitutions have begun to require IDPs for postdocs. And in June, the U. S. National Institutes of Health(NIH) Biomedical Research Workforce Working Group recommended that the NIH require IDPs for theapproximately 32,000 postdoctoral researchers they support. Other funding agencies, public and private,are moving in a similar direction.IDPs have long been used by government agencies and the private sector to achieve specific goals forthe employee and the organization. The aim is to ensure that employees have an explicit tool to help themunderstand their own abilities and aspirations, determine career possibilities , and set ( usually short-term)goals. In science, graduate students and new Ph.D. scientists can use an IDP to identify and navigate aneffective career path.A free Web application for this purpose, called myIDP, has become available this week. It's designed to guide early-career scientists through a confidential,,rigorous process of introspection (内省) to create acustomized career plan. Guided by expert knowledge from a panel of science-focused career advisers,each trainee's self-assessment is used to rank a set of career trajectories (轨迹). After the user hasidentified a long-term career goal, myIDP walks her or him through the process of setting short-term goalsdirected toward accumulating new skills and experiences important for that career choice.Although surveys reveal the IDP process to be useful, trainees report a need for additional resourcesto help them identify a long-term career path and complete an IDP. Thus, myIDP will be most effective.when it's embedded in larger career-development efforts. For example, universities could incorporate IDPsinto their graduate curricula to help students discuss, plan, prepare for, and achieve their long-termcareer goals.56. What do we learn about new science Ph.D. s in the United States today?A． They lack the skills and expertise needed for their jobs.B． They can choose from a wider range of well-paying jobs.C． They often have to seek jobs outside the academic circle.D．They are regarded as the nation's driving force of change.57. What does the author say about America's Ph, D. training?A． It should be improved to better suit the job market.B． It is closely linked to future career requirements.C． It should be re-oriented to careers outside academia.D．It includes a great variety of practical courses.58. What was recommended for Ph. D. s and postdoctoral researchers?A． They meet the urgent needs of the corporate world.B． A long-term career goal be set as early as possibleC． An IDP be made in consultation with an adviser.D．They acquire an explicit tool to help obtain jobs.59. Government agencies and the private sector often use IDPs to________A． bring into full play the skills and expertise of their postdoctoral researchersB． help employees make the best use of their abilities to achieve their career goalsC． place employees in the most appropriate positionsD．hire the most suitable candidates to work for them60. What do we know about myIDP?A． It is an effective tool of self-assessment and introspection for better career plans.B． It enables people to look into various possibilities and choose the career they love.C． It promises a long-term career path.D．It is part of the graduate curricula.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Just over a decade into the 21st century, women's progress can be celebrated across a rangeof fields.They hold the highest political offices from Thailand to Brazil, Costa Rica to Australia.A woman holds thetop spot at the International Monetary Fund; another won the Nobel Prize in economics. Self-madebillionaires in Beijing, tech innovators in Silicon Valley, pioneering justices in Ghana—in these andcountless other areas, women are leaving their mark. But hold the applause. In Saudi Arabia, women aren't allowed to drive. In Pakistan,1,000 womendie in honor killings every year. In the developed world, women lag behind men in pay and politicalpower. The poverty rate among women in the U.S. rose to I4.5% last year.To measure the state ofwomen's progress. Newsweek ranked 165 countries, looking at five areas thataffect women's lives: treatment under the law, workforce participation, political power, and access toeducation and health care. Analyzing data from the United Nations and the World EconomicForum,among others, and consulting with experts and academics, we measured 28 factorsto come up with ourmakings.Countries with the highest scores tend to be clustered in the West, where gender :discrimination isagain.st the law, and equal rightsare constitutionally enshrined (神圣化). But there were some surprises.Some otherwise high-'ranking countries had relatively low scores for political representation. Canadaranked third overall but 26th in power, behind countries such as Cuba and Burundi. Does this suggest thata woman in a nation's top office translates to better lives for women in general? Not exactly. "Trying toquantify or measure the impact of women in politics is hard because in very few countries have there beenenough womenin politics to make a difference," says Anne-Marie Goetz, peace and security adviser forU.N. Women.Of course, no index can account for everything. Declaring that one country is better than another inthe way that it treats more than half its citizens means relying on broad strokes and generalities. Somethings simply can't be measured. And cross-cultural comparisons can't accountfor differences of opinion.Certain conclusions are nonetheless clear. For one thing, our index backs up a simple but profoundstatement made by Hillary Clinton at the recent Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit. "When weliberate the economic potential of women, we elevate the economic performance of communities, nations,and the world," she said. "There's a stimulative effect that kicks in when women have greater access tojobs and the economic lives of our countries: Greater political stability. Fewer military conflicts. Morefood. More educational opportunity for children. By harnessing the economic potential of all women, weboost opportunity for all people. "61. What does the author think about women's progress so far?A． It still leaves much to be desired.C． It has greatly changed women's fate.B． It is too remarkable to be measured.D．It is achieved through hard struggle.62. In what countries have women made the greatest progress?A． Where women hold key posts in government.。

2013年12月英语六级考试完整真题及参考答案

2013年12月英语六级考试一、Writing(共1题，合计15分)1For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring tothe saying "Happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them. "You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can developyour ability to deal with problems and be happy. You should write at least 150 wordsbut no more than 200 words.__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________二、听力部分(共2题，合计35分)回答2-26题：2A. The rock band needs more hours of practice.B.The rock band is going to play here for a month.C.Their hard work has resulted in a big success.D.He appreciates the woman's help with the band.3A. Go on a diving tour in Europe.B.Travel overseas on his own.C.Add 300 dollars to his budget.D.Join a package tour to Mexico.4A. In case some problem should occur.B.Something unexpected has happened.C.To avoid more work later on.D.To make better preparations.5A. The woman asked for a free pass to try out the facilities.B.The man is going to renew his membership in a fitness center.C.The woman can give the man a discount if he joins the club now.D.The man can try out the facilities before he becomes a member.6A. He is not afraid of challenge.B.He is not fit to study science.C.He is worried about the test.D.He is going to drop the physics course.7A. Pay for part of the picnic food.B.Invite Gary's family to dinner.C.Buy something special for Gary.D.Take some food to the picnic.8A. Bus drivers' working conditions.B. A labor dispute at a bus company.C.Public transportation.D. A corporate takeover.9A. The bank statement.B.Their sales overseas.C.The payment for an order.D.The check just deposited.10．Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A. A hotel receptionist.B. A private secretary.C. A shop assistant.D. A sales manager.11A. Voice.B.Intelligence.C.Appearance.D.Manners,12A. Arrange one more interview.B.Offer the job to David Wallace.C.Report the matter to their boss.D.Hire Barbara Jones on a trial basis.13．Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A. He invented the refrigerator.B. He patented his first invention.C.He got a degree in Mathematics.D.He was admitted to university.14A. He distinguished himself in low temperatu, re physics.B.He fell in love with Natasha Willoughby.C.He became a professor of Mathematics.D.He started to work on refrigeration.15A. Finding the true nature of subatoraic particles.B.Their work on very high frequency radio waves.ying the foundations of modern mathematics.D.Their discovery of the laws of cause and effect.16A. To teach at a university.B.To patent his inventions.C.To spend his remaining years.D.To have a three-week holiday.17．Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.A. They have fallen prey to wolves,B. They have become a tourist attraction.C.They have caused lots of damage to crops.D.They have become a headache to the community.18A. To celebrate their victory.B.To cheer up the hunters.C.To scare the wolves.D.To alert the deer19A. They would help to spre, ada fatal disease.B.They would pose a threat to the children.C.They would endanger domestic animals.D.They would eventually kill off the deer.20．Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.A. She is an interpreter.B.She is a tourist guide.C.She is a domestic servant.D.She is from the royal family.21A. It was used by the family to hold dinner parties.B.It is situated at the foot of a beautiful mountain.C.It was frequently visited by heads of state.D.It is furnished like one in a royal palace.22A. It is elaborately decorated.B.It has survived some 2,000 years.C.It is very big, with only six slim legs.D.It is shaped like an ancient Spanish boat.23A. They are uncomfortable to sit in for long.B.They do not match the oval table at all.C.They have lost some of their legs.D.They are interesting to look at.24．Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.A. It is an uncommon infectious disease.B. It destroys the patient's ability to think,C. It is a disease very difficult to diagnose.D. It is the biggest crippler of young adults.25A. Search for the best cure.B.Hurry up and live life.C.Write a book about her life.D.Exercise more and work harder.26A. Aggressive.B.Adventurous.C.Sophisticated.D.Self-centered.回答27-36题It's difficult to estimate the number of youngsters involved in home schooling, where children are notsent to school and receive their formal education from one or both parents.26__________and court decisionshave made it legally possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home, and each yearmore people take advantage of that opportunity. Some states require parents or a home tutor to meetteacher certification standards, and many require parents to complete legal forms to verify that their children are receiving27__________in state-approved curricula.Supporters of home education claim that it's less expensive and far more 28__________ than mass publiceducation. Moreover, they cite several advantages: alleviation of school overcrowding, strengthenedfaintly relationships, lower 29_________ rates, the fact that students are allowed to learn at their ownrate,increased 30 _________, higher standardized test scores, and reduced 31_________ problems.Critics of the home schooling movement 32_________ that it creates as many problem as it solves.Theyacknowledge tha|, in a few cases, home schooling offers educational opportunities superior to those foundin most public schools, but few parents can provide such educational advantages. Some parents whowithdraw their children from the schools 33_________ home schooling have an inadequate educationalbackground and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children.Typically, parents have fewer technological resources 34_________than do schools. However, the relativelyinexpensive computer techoology that is readily available today is causing some to challenge the notionthat home schooling is in any way35_________ more highly structured classroom education.三、阅读理解(共4题，合计35分)Questions 37-46 are based on the following passage.Some performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employees who receive a veryfavorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do notacknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their 36_________ and reduce theireffort or search for a new job at a firm that will 37_________ them for high performance. Supervisors shouldacknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future.Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must38_________ the reasons for poor performance. Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporaryadverse 39_________ on performance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a bad attitude, may not betemporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation, they must decide whether to takeany 40 _________action,s. If the, employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluationcan pinpoint (指出) the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simplyneed to monitor the employees 41_________and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected.If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period, however, theymay be unable or unwilling to correct them. This situation is more serious, and the supervisor may need totake action. The action should be 42_________with the firm's guidelines and may include reassigning theemployees to new jobs,43_________them temporarily, or firingthem. A supervisor's action toward a poorlyperforming worker can 44_________ the attitudes of other employees. If no 45_________is imposed on an employeefor poor performance, other employees may react bv reducing their productivity as well.A． additionalB． affectC． aptlyD．assimilateE． circulationF． closelyG． consistentH, enthusiasmI．identifyJ．impactK．penaltyL． rewardM． simplifyingN． suspendingO．vulnerable回答47-56题The College Essay: Why Those,500 Words Drive Us Crazy[A] Meg is a lawyer-mom in suburban Washington, D. C., where lawyer-morns are thick on the ground.Her son Doug is one of several hundred thousand high-school seniors who had a painful fall. Thedeadline for applying to his favorite college was Nov.1, and by early October he had yet to fill outthe application. More to the point, he had yet to settle on a subject for the personal essayaccompanying the application. According to college folklore, awell-turned essay has the power toseduce (诱惑) an admissions committee. "He wanted to do one thing at a time," Meg says,explaining her son's delay. "But really, my son is a huge procrastinator (拖延者). The essay is thehardest thing to do, so he's put it off the longest. " Friends and other veterans of the process havewarned Meg that the back and forth between editing parent and writing student can be traumatic ( 痛苦的).[B] Back in the good old days--say, two years ago, when the last of my children suffered the ordea/( 折磨)--a high-school student applying to college could procrastinate all the way to New Year's Day oftheir senior year, assuming they could withstand the parental pestering (烦扰). But things changefast in thenail-biting world of college admissions. The recent trend toward early decision and earlyaction among selective colleges and universities has pushed the traditional deadline ofJanuary up toNov.1 or early December for many students.[C]If the time for heel-dragging has been shortened, the true source of the anxiety and panicremainswhat it has always been. And it's not the application itself. A college application is a relativelystraightforward questionnaire asking for the basics: name, address, family history, employmenthistory. It would all be innocent enough--20 minutes of busy work--except it comes attached to apersonal essay.[D]"There are good reasons it causes such anxiety," says Lisa Sohmer, director of collegecounseling atthe Garden School in Jackson Heights, N.Y. "It's not just the actual writing. By now everything elseis already set. Your course load is set, your grades are set, your test scores are set. But the essay issomething you can still control, and it's open-ended. So the temptation is to write and rewrite andrewrite. " Or stall and stall and stall.[E]The application essay, along with its mythical importance, is a recent invention. In the 1930s,whenonly one in 10 Americans had a degree from a four-year college, an admissions committee wascontent to ask for a sample of applicants' school papers to assess their writing ability. By the 1950s,most schools required a brief personal statement of why the student had chosen to apply to oneschool over another.[F] Today nearly 70 percent of graduating seniors go off to college, including two-year and fouryeariustitutions. Even ap .art from the increased competition, the kids enter a process that has been utterlytransformed from the one baby boomers knew. Nearly all application materials are submitted online,and the Common Application provides a one-size-fits form accepted by more than 400 schools,including the nation's most selective.[G]Those schools usually require essays of their own, but the longest essay,500 words maximum,isgenerally attached to the Common Application. Students choose one of six questions. Applicants areasked to describe an ethical dilemma they've faced and its impact on them, or discuss a public issueof special concern to them, or tell of a fictional character or creative work that has profoundlyinfluenced them. Another question invites them to write about theimportance (to them, again) ofdiversity -- a word that has assumed magic power in American higher education. The most popularoption: write on a topic of your choice.[H]“Boys in particular look at the other questions and say, ' Oh, that's too much work, ’ ” saysJohnBoshoven, a counselor in the Ann Arbor, Mich., public schools. "They think if they do a topic oftheir choice, ' I'll just go get that history paper I did last year on the Roman Empire and turn it into afirst-person application essay! ' And they end up producing something utterly ridiculous. "[I]Talking to admissions professionals like Boshoven, you realize that the list of "don'ts" inessaywriting is much longer than the "dos. ”“No book reports, no history papers, no character studies,"says Sohmer.[J]"It drives you crazy, how easily kids slip into cliches ( 老生常谈) ," says Boshoven. "Theydon'trealize how typical their experiences are. 'I scored the winning goal in soccer against our arch-rival. ’‘ My grandfather served in World War H, and I hope to be just like him someday.That maymean a lot to that particular kid. But in the world of the application essay, it's nothing.You'll losethe reader in the first paragraph. "[K]"The greatest strength you bring to this essay," says the College Board's how-to book, "is 17 years or so of familiarity with the topic: YOU. The form and style are very familiar, and best of all, you arethe world-class expert on the subject of YOU... It has been the subject of your close scrutiny everymorning since you were tall enough to see into the bathroom mirror. " The key word in the CommonApplication prompts is "you. "[L]The college admission essay contains the grandest American themes--status anxiety, parentalpiety(孝顺), intellectual standards--and so it is only a matter of time before it becomes infected by thecountry's culture of excessive concern with self-esteem. Even if the question is ostensibly ( 表面上)about something outside the self ( describe a fictional character or solve a problem of geopolitics),the essay invariably returns to the favorite topic: what is its impact on YOU?[M]"For all the anxiety the essay causes," says Bill McClintick of Mercersburg AcademyinPennsylvania, "it's a very small piece of the puzzle. I was in college admissions for 10 years. I sawldds and parents beat themselves up over this.And at the vast majority of places, it is simply not abig variable in the college's decision-making process. "[ N] Many admissions officers say they spend less than a couple of minutes on each application, includingthe essay. According to a recent survey of admissions officers, only one in four private colleges saythe essay is of "considerable importance" in judging an application. Among public colleges anduniversities, the number drops to roughly one in 10. By contrast,86 percent place"considerableimportance" on an applicant's grades,70 percent on "strength of curriculum. "[O] Still, at the most selective schools, where thousands of candidates may submit identically high gradesand test scores, a marginal item like the essay may serve as a tie-breaker between two equallyqualified candidates. The thought is certainly enough to keep the pot boiling under parents like Meg,the lawyer-mom, as she tries to help her son choose an essay topic. For a moment the other day, shethought she might have hit on a good one. "His father's from France," she says. "I said maybe youcould write about that, as something that makes you different. You know；half French, halfAmerican. I said, ' You could write about your identity issues. ' He said, ' I don't have any identityissues!' And he's right. He's a well-adjnsted， normal kid. But that doesn't make for a good essay,does it?" 47Today many universities require their applicants to write an essay of up to five hundred words.48．One recent change in college admissions is that selective colleges and universities have moved the traditional deadline to earlier dates.49．Applicants and their parents are said to believe that the personal essay can sway the admissions committee.50．Applicants are usually better off if they can write an essay that distinguishes them from the rest.51．Not only is the competition getting more intense, the application process today is also totally different from what baby boomers knew.52．In writing about their own experiences many applicants slip into cliches, thus falling to engage the reader.53．According to a recent survey, most public colleges and universities consider an applicant's grades highly important.54．Although the application essay causes lots of anxiety, it does not play so important a role in thecollege's decision-making process.55．The question you are supposed to write about may seem outside the self, but the theme of the essay should center around its impact on you.56．In the old days, applicants only had to submit a sample of their school papers to show their writing ability.根据下列材料，回答57-61题Among the government's most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on theirchildren. Not surprisingly, the costs are steep. For a middle-class, hnsband-and-wife family (averagepretax income in 2009: $76,250), spending per child is about $12,000 a year. With inflation the family's spending on a child will total $ 286,050 by age 17.The dry statistics ought to inform the ongoing deficit debate, because a budget is not just a catalog ofprograms and taxes. It reflects a society's priorities and values. Our society does not-despite rhetoric(说辞) to the contrary--put much value on raising children. Present bridget policies tax parents heavily tosupport the elderly. Meanwhile, tax breaks for children are modest. If deficit reduction aggravates thesebiases, more Americans may choose not to have children or to have fewer children. Down that path lieseconomic decline.Societies that cannot replace their populations discourage investment and innovation. They havestagnant (萧条的) or shrinking markets for goods and services. With older populations, they resistchange. To stabilize its population--discounting immigration--women must have an average of twochildren. That's a fertility rate of 2.0. Many countries with struggling economies are well below that.Though having a child is a deeply personal decision, it's shaped by culture, religion, economics, andgovernment policy. "No one has a good answer" as to why fertility varies among countries, sayssociologist Andrew Cherlin of The Johns Hopkins University. Eroding religious belief in Europe may partlyexplain lowered birthrates. In Japan young women may be rebelling against their mothers' isolated lives ofchild rearing. General optimism and pessimism count. Hopefulness fueled America's baby boom. After theSoviet Union's collapse, saysCherlin, "anxiety for the future" depressed birthrates in Russia and EasternEurope.In poor societies, people have children to improve their economicwell-being by increasing thenumber of family workers and providing support for parents in their old age. In wealthy societies, the logicoften reverses. Govenunent now supports the elderly, diminishing the need for children. By some studies,the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children in the United States and almost 1.0in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journal National Affairs. Similarly, somecouples don't have children because they don't want to sacrifice their own lifestyles to the time andexpense of a family.Young Americans already face a bleak labor market that cannot instill (注入) confidence abouthaving children. Piling on higher taxes won't help, "If higher taxes make it more expensive to raisechildren," says Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, "people will think twice abouthaving another child. " That seems like common sense, despite the multiple influences on becomingparents.57．What do we learn from the government report?A. Inflation increases families' expenses.B.Raising children is getting expensive.C.Budget reduction is around the corner.D.Average family expenditure is increasing.58．What is said to be the consequence of a shrinking population?A. Weakened national strength.B.Increased immigration.C.Economic downturn.D.Social instability.59．What accounted for America's baby boom?A. Optimism for the future.B.Improved living conditions.C.Religious beliefs.D.Economic prosperity.60．Why do people in wealthy countries prefer to have fewer children?A. They want to further improve their economic well-being.B. They cannot afford the time and expenses of rearing children.C. They are concerned about the future of the coming generation.D. They don't rely on their children to support them in old age.61．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A. To instill confidence in the young about raising children.B. To advise couples to think twice before having children.C.To encourage the young to take care of the elderly.D.To appeal for tax reduction for raising children.Questions 62-66are based on the following passage.Space exploration has always been the province of dreamers: The human imagination readily soarswhere human ingenuity (创造力) struggles to follow.A Voyage to the Moon, often cited as the firstscience fiction story, was written by Cyrano de Bergerac in 1649. Cyrano was dead and buried for a goodthree centuries before the first manned rockets started to fly.In 1961, when President Kennedy declared that America would send a man to the moon by thedecade's end, those words, too, had a dreamlike quality. They resonated (共鸣) with optimism and ambition in much the same way as the most famous dream speech of all, delivered by Martin Luther KingJr. two years later. By the end of the decade, both visions had yielded concrete results and transformedAmerican society. And yet in many ways the two dreams ended up at odds with each other.The fight forracial and economic equality is intensely pragmatic (讲求实用的) and immediate in its impact. The urgeto explore space is just the opposite, It is figuratively and literally otherworldly in its aims. When the dust settled, the space dreamers lost out. There was no grand follow-up to the Apollomissions. The technologically compromised space shuttle program has just come to an end, with nosuccessor. The perpetual argument is that funds are tight, that we have more pressing problems here onEarth. Amid the current concerns about the federal deficit, reaching toward the stars seems a dispensableluxury--as if saving one-thousandth of a single year's budget would solve our problems. But human ingenuity struggles on. NASA is developing a series of robotic probes that will get the mostbang from a buck. They will serve as modern Magellans, mapping out the solar system for whateverexplorers follow, whether man or machine. On the flip side, companies like Virgin Galactic are plotting abottom-up assault on the space dream by making it a reality to the public. Private spaceflight could liewithin reach of rich civilians in a few years. Another decade or two and it could go mainstream.The space dreamers end up benefiting all of us--not just because of the way they expand human knowledge, or because of the spin-off technologies they produce, but because the two types of dreamsfeed off each other. Both Martin Luther King and John Kennedy appealed to the idea that humans cantranscend what were once considered inherent limitations. Today we face seeming challenges in energy,the environment, health care. Tomorrow we will transcend these as well, and the dreamers will deserve alot of the credit. The more evidence we collect that our species is capable of greatness, the more we willactually achieve it.62．The author mentions Cyrano de Bergerac in order to show that__________ A. imagination is the mother of inventionB.ingenuity is essential for science fiction writersC.it takes patience for humans to realize their dreamsD.dreamers have always been interested in science fiction63．How did the general public view Kennedy's space exploration plan? A.It symbolized the American spirit.B. It was as urgent as racial equality.C.It sounded very much like a dream.D.It made an ancient dream come true.64．What does the author say about America's aim to explore space?A. It may not bring about immediate economic gains.B. It cannot be realized without technological innovation.C.It will not help the realization of racial and economic equality.D.It cannot be achieved without a good knowledge of the other worlds.65．What is the author's attitude toward space programs?A. Critical.B.Reserved.C.Unbiased.D.Supportive.66．What does the author think of the problems facing human beings?A. They pose a serious challenge to future human existence.B. They can be solved sooner or later with human ingenuity.C.Their solutions need joint efforts of the public and private sectors.D.They can only be solved by people with optimism and ambition.四、翻译(共1题，合计15分)67．中国园林(the Chinese garden)是经过三千多年演变丽成的独具一格的园林景观(1andscape)。

2013年12月大学英语六级真题及详解(第二套)【圣才出品】

2013年12月大学英语六级真题及详解（第二套）Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying“Happiness is not the absence of problems,butthe ability to deal with them.”You can cite examples to illustrate yourpoint and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal withproblems and be happy.You should write at least150words but no morethan200words.【审题构思】这是一篇典型的六级分析型习作，需要考生就“幸福/快乐不是没有问题，而是培养能力解决问题”展开讨论并给出建议。

考生应首先弄清题意，对现象进行分析，并在第一段阐明自己的观点。

第二段结合具体实例予以具体说明，并给出具体的解决策略，注意论述条理清晰。

最后一段总结全文，重申观点，与开头呼应。

【参考范文】The Way to Happiness(1)In the long journey of life,we are always(2)in the pursuit of happiness for which different people have different opinions.Most people would regard the path without obstacles as the best one,while I agree with the saying that“Happiness is not the absence of problems,but the ability to deal with them”.For the reason that there is no such a kind of life that can get rid of problems,our ability to solve problems should be enhanced.(3)Firstly,in my opinion,the attitude of optimism(4)has a great effect on our feeling of happiness.According to many surveys,confident and optimistic people’s feeling of happiness is stronger than those with a negative outlook.Secondly, courage plays a great role in the fight with problems in some degree.There are numerous examples for us to follow:disabled people become confident;patients struggle with diseases;ordinary people become the(5)big stly,persistence is the best way to success which will(6)be accompanied with satisfaction.People yearn for success because a life without satisfaction would be too dull to put up with.(7)In conclusion,it is essential to develop the ability of dealing with problems, which is the only path to achieve happiness.If we have developed the quality of optimism,courage and persistence,a happy life would be(8)around the corner.【行文点评】(1)第一段开宗明义，幸福不在于没有困难，而在于解决困难的能力，因而培养解决问题的能力至关重要。

2013年12月六级考试真题答案解析(第二套)

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(二)答案与详解Part ⅠWriting1、审题:这是一篇评论性话题作文。

首先，抓住题目中的主题词happiness, problems和ability, 避免跑题。

接着，借助谚语内容（幸福不在于不出现问题，而在于拥有解决问题的能力），谚语与题目相结合，可提炼出主题：怎样提高解决问题的能力并因此而感到幸福。

然后，弄清题目与谚语的关系：主题与例证关系。

最后，确定行文思路：引出话题+解释谚语+提出观点+举例论证+总结意义；总结时，注意观点要明确，贴合所给主题，切勿模棱两可。

2、写作思路：第一段：以“总—分—总”形式引出话题，解释谚语，提出观点。

第二段：指出怎样通过提高解决问题的能力而获得幸福，并举例论证。

第三段：总结全文，点明意义，呼应主题。

On HappinessAs the saying goes, happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them. Happiness to our society does not mean that we ignore problems, such as environmental problems, unfair income among citizens, and corruption of the government officials, and so forth. Happiness to the individual is the ability to deal with problems. We will feel happy if we try our best to deal with various problems in our daily life.I can develop my ability to deal with problems and be happy with the following ways. Firstly, I will learn logic reasoning to master the skills of dealing with problems. Secondly, when I come across problems, I will face them bravely and analyse them thoroughly. Thirdly, when they are too difficult to solve, I will discuss with my family or friends around me, and ask them for help.The ability to deal with problems and be happy is significant to all of us. It helps us to create a good environment to the family, and a friendly community as well. Wha t’s more, it helps us build a harmonious society. PartⅡListening Comprehension1.听力原文：W: What a wonderful performance! Your rock band has never sounded better.M: Many thanks. I guess all those hours of practice in the past month are finally paying off.Q: What does the man mean?【预测】选项中的the rock band, practice, hard work 以及 a big success表明，本题可能与摇滚乐队付出的努力和获得的成功有关。

2013年12月英语六级真题及答案解析(3套)

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying“Happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to dea l with them.”You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal with problems and be happy. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题及答案

2013年12月全国大学生英语六级考试试卷及答案Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Digital Age. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below: 1．如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用，例如……2．数字化产品的使用对人们的工作、学习、生活产生的影响。

Digital Age__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.1. A) Proceed in his own way. C) Compromise with his colleague.B) Stick to the original plan. D) Try to change his colleague’s mind.2. A) Mary has a keen eye for style. C) Nancy and Mary went shopping together in Rome.B) Nancy regrets buying the dress. D) Nancy and Mary like to follow the latest fashion.3. A) Wash the dishes. C) Pick up George and Martha.B) Go to the theatre. D) Take her daughter to hospital.4. A) She enjoys making up stories about other people.B) She can never keep anything to herself for long.C) She is eager to share news with the woman.D) She is the best informed woman in town.5. A) A car dealer. C) A driving examiner.B) A mechanic. D) A technical consultant.6. A) The shopping mall has been deserted recently.B) Shoppers can only find good stores in the mall.C) Lots of people moved out of the downtown area.D) There isn’t much business downtown nowadays.7. A) He will help the woman with her reading.B) The lounge is not a place for him to study in.C) He feels sleepy whenever he tries to study.D) A cozy place is rather hard to find on campus.8. A) To protect her from getting scratches. C) To prevent mosquito bites.B) To help relieve her of the pain. D) To avoid getting sunburnt. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) In a studio. C) At a beach resort.B) In a clothing store. D) At a fashion show.10. A) To live there permanently. C) To find a better job to support herself.B) To stay there for half a year. D) To sell leather goods for a British company.11. A) Designing fashion items for several companies.B) Modeling for a world-famous Italian company.C) Working as an employee for Ferragamo.D) Serving as a sales agent for Burberrys.12. A) It has seen a steady decline in its profits.B) It has become much more competitive.C) It has lost many customers to foreign companies.D) It has attracted a lot more designers from abroad.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) It helps her to attract more public attention.B) It improves her chance of getting promoted.C) It strengthens her relationship with students.D) It enables her to understand people better.14. A) Passively. B) Positively. C) Skeptically. D) Sensitively.15. A) It keeps haunting her day and night.B) Her teaching was somewhat affected by it.C) It vanishes the moment she steps into her role.D) Her mind goes blank once she gets on the stage.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.B) To reform railroad management in western European countries.C) To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.D) To set up an express train network throughout Europe.17. A) Major European airlines will go bankrupt.B) Europeans will pay much less for traveling.C) Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.D) Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.18. A) Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.B) Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.C) Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.D) Traveling by train may be as quick as, or even quicker than, by air.19. A) In 1981. B) In 1989. C) In 1990. D) In 2000. Passage TwoQuestions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.20. A) There can be no speedy recovery for mental patients.B) Approaches to healing patients are essentially the same.C) The mind and body should be taken as an integral whole.D) There is no clear division of labor in the medical profession.21. A) A doctor’s fame strengthens the patients’ faith in them.B) Abuse of medicines is widespread in many urban hospitals.C) One third of the patients depend on harmless substances for cure.D) A patient’s expectations of a drug have an effect on their recovery.22. A) Expensive drugs may not prove the most effective.B) The workings of the mind may help patients recover.C) Doctors often exaggerate the effect of their remedies.D) Most illnesses can be cured without medication.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) Enjoying strong feelings and emotions. C) Being fond of making sensational news.B) Defying all dangers when they have to. D) Dreaming of becoming famous one day.24. A) Working in an emergency room. C) Listening to rock music.B) Watching horror movies. D) Doing daily routines.25. A) A rock climber. B) A psychologist.C) A resident doctor. D) A career consultant.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology are top of a global league table of university reputation—in a top 100 26 by U.S. institutions.Cambridge and Oxford make the top 10—but other U.K. universities have 27 , while Asian institutions have risen.The rankings are based on the 28 of 17,000 academics. This list is an attempt to quantify the elusive but important quality of 29 in higher education—with its findings 30 the opinions of academics around the world.The fast such ranking by the Times Higher Education magazine, published last year, had the same top five as this year—with the two Boston-based 31 , Harvard and M1T, in first and second place.Cambridge was once again the highest ranking U.K. university in third place, 32 Stanford and University of California, Berkeley. But Phil Baty, editor of the Times Higher Education rankings, says there is an 33 picture of U.K. universities downwards—with fewer in the top 100 and a 34 for others including Imperial College London and University College London. "Our global reputation as the home of outstanding universities has been hit," he said.Reflecting the rise of Asian countries as the new education superpowers, there is an increasing presence for countries such as People’s Republic of China, Japan, Singapore and South Korea.35 its size and population, Switzerland is also seen as performing well, with three universities in the world’s top 100 universities.Such rankings published by the Times Higher Education magazine do not have an official status, but they have become an increasingly significant part of how universities market themselves to students, particularly as higher education has become more globalized.Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Women in 2011 made no significant gains in winning more top US business jobs, according to a study, but the head of the study said women are poised to make 36 in the year ahead.The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top earners at Fortune 500 companies remained 37 unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that 38 opportunities for women in business.The percentage of companies with women on the board of directors was 15.1 percent this year, compared with 14.8 percent in 2010, Catalyst said.Also, the percentage of corporate officer positions 39 by women was 15.7 percent in 2011 and 15.4percent in 2010, it said. The percentage of top earners in 2011 who were women was 6.2 percent, compared to 6.7percent in 2010, it said.The research on the Fortune 500 companies was 40 on data as of March 31, 2011. The slight changes in the numbers are not considered 41 significant, Catalyst said.Nevertheless, given the changes in U. S. politics, the future for women in business looks more 42 , said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive 43 of Catalyst."Overall we’re 44 to see change next year," Lang said. "When we look at shareholders, decision makers, the general public, they’re looking for change. ""What they’re basically saying is, ‘Don’t give us 45 of the status quo (现状). Get new ideas in there, get some fresh faces, ’" she said.A) officer I) essentiallyB) changes J) stridesC) based K) promotesD) positions L) statisticallyE) more M) confusedF) promising N) heldG) businesslike O) expectingH) surveyingSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Marketers Target KidsA) Kids represent an important demographic to marketers because they have their own purchasing power, they influence their parents’ buying decisions and they are the adult consumers of the future. Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000.B) Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids because trends such as smaller family size, dual incomes and postponing children until later in life mean that families have more disposable income. As well, guilt can play a role in spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitute material goods for time spent with their kids. Here are some of the strategies marketers employ to target kids:Pester(纠缠)PowerC) Today’s kids have more autonomy and decision-making power within the family than in previous generations, so it follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parents to buy. "Pester power" refers to children’ ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy. Marketing to children is all about creating pester power, because advertisers know what a powerful force it can be.D) According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into two categories—"persistence" and "importance". Persistence nagging (a plea, that is repeated over and over again) is not as effective as the more sophisticated "importance nagging". This latter method appeals to parents’ desire to provide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids.The Marriage of Psychology and MarketingE) To effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children’s developmental, emotional and social needs at different ages. Using research that analyzes children’s behaviour, fantasy’ lives, art work, even their dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticated marketing strategies to reach young people.F) The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U. S. mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association (APA) urging them to declare the practice unethical. The APA is currently studying the issue.Building Brand Name LoyaltyG) Canadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of "brand" marketing in her 2000 book No Logo. According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind of corporation—Nike, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, to name a few—which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name. By moving their manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages. It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the world has seen.H) Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships. According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos andmascots. Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos. While fast food, toy and clothing companies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years, adult-oriented businesses such as banks and automakers are now getting in on the act.Buzz or Street MarketingI) The challenge for marketers is to cut through the intense advertising clutter( 杂乱) in young people’s lives. Many companies are using "buzz marketing" —a new twist on the tried-and-true "word of mouth" method. The idea is to find the coolest kids in a community and have them use or wear your product in order to create a buzz around it. Buzz, or "street marketing", as it’s also called, can help a company to successfully connect with the elusive (难找的) teen market by using trendsetters to give them products "cool" status.J) Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to the Internet, where young "Net promoters" use chat rooms and blogs to spread the word about music, clothes and other products among unsuspecting users.Commercialization in EducationK) School used to be a place where children were protected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world—but not anymore. Budget shortfalls ( 亏空，差额) are forcing school boards to allow corporations access to students in exchange for badly needed cash, computers and educational materials.L) Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products. A school setting delivers a captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including: 1) sponsored educational materials; 2) supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility; 3) advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds; 4) contests and incentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal; 5) sponsoring school events.The InternetM) The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It’s part of youth culture. This generation of young people is growing up with the Internet as a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision. Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Internet is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising.Marketing Adult Entertainment to KidsN) Children are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U. S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children.O) The FTC studied 44 films rated "Restricted", and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under 17. Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on "Restricted" movies andM-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four.46. Guilt can affect parents’ spending decisions because they don’t have enough time for their kids.47. The Center for a New American Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two.48. School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly.49. The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children.50. For this generation of young people, the Interact is a daily and routine part of their lives.51. According to Kidfluence, "persistence nagging" is less effective than the more sophisticated "importance nagging".52. According to a report released by the U. S. Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children.53. Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively.54. A group of U. S. mental health professionals think that it is unethical to use child psychologists to help marketers target kids.55. According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Like most people, I’ve long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I’m treated as a person.Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they’d never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned ( 示意) me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I’d been.I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon (勤杂工) by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I’d be sitting at their table, waiting to be served.Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked—cordially.I soon found out differently. I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would betransferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me.My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry.It’s no secret that there’s a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others’needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant.I’m now applying to graduate school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think I’ll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.56. The author was disappointed to find that ________.A) one’s position is used as a gauge to measure one’s intelligenceB) talented people like her should fail to get a respectable jobC) one’s occupation affects the way one is treated as a personD) professionals tend to look down upon manual workers57. What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?A) Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them.B) People absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded.C) Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintances.D) Some customers like to make loud complaints for no reason at all.58. How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?A) She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professionals.B) She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.C) She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her.D) She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.59. What does the author imply by saying ". . . many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant" (Line 3, Para. 7)?A) Those who cater to others’ needs are destined to be looked down upon.B) Those working in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants.C) Those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living.D) The majority of customers tend to look on a servant as a server nowadays.60. The author says she’ll one day take her clients to dinner in order to ________.A) see what kind of person they areB) experience the feeling of being servedC) show her generosity towards people inferior to herD) arouse their sympathy for people living a humble lifePassage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.What’s hot for 2007 among the very rich? A $7.3 million diamond ring. A trip to Tanzania to hunt wild animals. Oh, and income inequality.Sure, some leftish billionaires like George Soros have been railing against income inequality for years. But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are starting to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class.In December, Mortimer Zuckerman wrote a column in U. S. News & World Report, which lie owns. "Our nation’s core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating, " lamented (哀叹) the 117th-riehest man in America. "Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder. Average income for a household of people of working age, by contrast, has fallen five years in a row. " He noted that "Tens of millions of Americans live in fear that a major health problem can reduce them to bankruptcy. "Wilbur Ross Jr. has echoed Zuckerman’s anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-class Americans. "It’s an outrage that any American’s life expectancy should be shortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage, " said the former chairman of the International Steel Group.What’s happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes to politics and policy. Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by California’s governor to offer universal health care, these guys don’t need their own personal weathermen to know which way the wind blows.It’s possible that plutocrats (有钱有势的人) are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory (没收性的) tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night. They can live with that.No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders. And when the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods, it’s likely to encourage reciprocal action abroad. For people who buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all around the world, that’s the real nightmare.61. What is the current topic of common interest among the very rich in America?A) The fate of the ultrawealthy people.B) The disintegration of the middle class.C) The inequality in the distribution of wealth.D) The conflict between the left and the right wing.62. What do we learn from Mortimer Zuckerman’s lamentation?A) Many middle-income families have failed to make a bargain for better welfare.B) The American economic system has caused many companies to go bankrupt.C) The American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth.D) The majority of Americans benefit little from the nation’s growing wealth.63. From the fifth paragraph we can learn that ________.A) the very rich are fashion-consciousB) the very rich are politically sensitiveC) universal health care is to be implemented throughout AmericaD) Congress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wage64. What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?A) They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.。

2013年12月英语六级真题答案完整版

2013年12月英语六级真题答案完整版第一篇：2013年12月英语六级真题答案完整版2013年12月全国大学生英语六级考试试卷Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Digital Age.You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1．如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用，例如……2．数字化产品的使用对人们的工作、学习、生活产生的影响。

Digital Age ____________________________________________________________________ _______ Part ⅢReading Comprehension(40 min utes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Women in 2011 made no significant gains in winning more top US business jobs, according to a study, but the head of the study said women are poised to make36in the year ahead.The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top earners at Fortune 500 companies remained37unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that38opportunities for women in business.The percentage of companies with women on the board of directors was 15.1 percent this year, compared with 14.8 percent in 2010,Catalyst said.Also, the percentage of corporate officer positions39by women was 15.7 percent in 2011 and 15.4percent in 2010, it said.The percentage of top earners in 2011 who were women was 6.2 percent, compared to 6.7percent in 2010, it said.The research on the Fortune 500 companies was40on data as of March 31, 2011.The slight changes in the numbers are not considered41significant, Catalyst said.Nevertheless, given the changes in U.S.politics, the future for women in business looks more42, said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive43of Catalyst.“Overall we’re44to see change next year,” Lang said.“When we look at shareholders, decision makers, the general public, they’re looking for change.”“What they’re basically saying is, ‘Don’t give us45of the status quo(现状).Get new ideas in there, get some fresh faces, ’” shesaid.A)officerB)changesC)basedD)positionsE)moreF)promisingG) businesslikeH)surveyingI)essentiallyJ)stridesK)promotesL)statisticallyM)c onfusedN)heldO)expectingSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How Marketers Target KidsA)Kids represent an important demographic to marketers because they have their own purchasing power, they influence their parents’ buying decisions and they are the adultconsumers of the future.Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000.B)Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids because trends such as smaller family size, dual incomes and postponing children until later in life mean that families have more disposable income.As well, guilt can play a role in spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitute material goods for time spent with their kids.Here are some of the strategies marketers employ to target kids:Pester(纠缠)PowerC)Today’s kids have more autonomy and decision-making power within the family than in previous generations, so it follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parents to buy.“Pester power” refers to children’ ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy.Marketing to children is all about creating pester power, because advertisers know what a powerful force it can be.D)According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into two categories—“persistence” and “importance”.Persistence nagging(a plea, that is repeated over and over again)is not as effective as the more sophisticated “importance nagging”.This latter method appeals to parents’ desire to provide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids.The Marriage of Psychology and MarketingE)To effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick.With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children’s developmental, emotion al andsocial needs at different ing research that analyzes children’s behaviour, fantasy’ lives, art work, even their dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticated marketing strategies to reach young people.F)The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U.S.mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association(APA)urging them to declare the practice unethical.The APA is currently studying the issue.Building Brand Name LoyaltyG)Canadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of “brand” marketing in her 2000 book No Logo.According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind of corporation—Nike, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, to name a few—which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name.By moving their manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages.It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the world has seen.H)Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships.According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos and mascots.Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos.While fast food, toy and clothing companies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years, adult-oriented businesses such as banks andautomakers are now getting in on the act.Buzz or Street MarketingI)The challenge for marketers is to cut through the intense advertising clutter(杂乱)in young people’s lives.Many companies are using “buzz marketing” —a new twist on the tried-and-true “word of mouth” method.The idea is to find the coolest kids in a community and have them use or wear your product in order to create a buzz around it.Buzz, or “street marketing”, as it’s also called, can help a company to successfully connect with the elusive(难找的)teen market by using trendsetters to give them products “cool” status.J)Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to the Internet, where young “Net promoters” use chat rooms and blogs to spread the word about music, clothes and other products among unsuspecting mercialization in EducationK)School used to be a place where children were protected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world—but not anymore.Budget shortfalls(亏空，差额) are forcing school boards to allow corporations access to students in exchange for badly needed cash, computers and educational materials.L)Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products.A school setting delivers a captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system.Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including: 1)sponsored educational materials;2)supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility;3)advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds;4)contests andincentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal;5)sponsoring school events.The InternetM)The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children.It’s part of youth culture.This generation of young people is growing up with the Internet as a daily and routine part of their lives.Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision.Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Internet is unregulated.Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising.Marketing Adult Entertainment to KidsN)Children are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them.In a report released in 2000, the U.S.Federal Trade Commission(FTC)revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children.O)The FTC studied 44 films rated “Restricted”, and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under17.Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching.The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children.Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines;and toys based on “Restricted” movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four.46.Guilt can affect parents’ spending decisions because they don’t have enough time for their kids.47.The Center for a NewAmerican Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two.48.School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly.49.The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children.50.For this generation of young people, the Interact is a daily and routine part of their lives.51.According to Kidfluence, “persistence nagging” is less effec tive than the more sophisticated “importance nagging”.52.According to a report released by the U.S.Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children.53.Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively.54.A group of U.S.mental health professionals think that it is unethical to use child psychologists to help marketers target kids.55.According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Like most people, I’ve long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am.Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I’m treated as a st year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took ajob waiting tables.As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they’d never say or do to their most casual acquaintances.One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned(示意)me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I’d been.I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon(勤杂工)by plenty of people.But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults.Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college.Customers would joke that one day I’d be sitting at their table, waiting to be served.Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper.From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me.I assumed this was the way the professional world worked—cordially.I soon found out differently.I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name.Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie.The mistake was immediately evident.Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me.My job title made people treat me with courtesy.So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry.It’s no secret that there’s a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips.The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others’ needs.Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant.I’m now applying to graduate school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want.I think I’ll take themto dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.56.The author was disappointed to find that ________.A)one’s position is used as a gauge to measure one’s intelligenceB)talented people like her should fail to get a respectable jobC)one’s occupation affects the way one is treated as a personD)professionals tend to look down upon manual workers57.What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?A)Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them.B)People absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded.C)Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintances.D)Some customers like to make loud complaints for no reason at all.58.How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?A)She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professionals.B)She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.C)She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her.D)She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.59.What does the author imply by saying “...many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant”(Line 3, Para.7)?A)Those w ho cater to others’ needs are destined to be looked down upon.B)Those working in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants.C)Those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living.D)The majority of customers tend to look on a servant as a server nowadays.60.The author says she’ll one day take her clients to dinner in order to ________.A)see what kind of person they areB)experience the feeling of being servedC)show her generosity towards people inferior to herD)arouse their sympathy for people living a humblelifePassage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.What’s hot for 2007 among the very rich? A $7.3 million diamond ring.A trip to Tanzania to hunt wild animals.Oh, and income inequality.Sure, some leftish billionaires like George Soros have been railing against income inequality for years.But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are starting to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class.In December, Mortimer Zuckerman wrote a column in U.S.News & World Report, which lie owns.“Our nation’s core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating, ” lamented(哀叹)the 117th-riehest man in America.“Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder.Average income for a household of people of working age, by contrast, has fallen five years in a row.” He noted that “Tens of millions of Americans live in fear that a major health problem can reduce them to bankruptcy.”Wilbur Ross Jr.has echoed Zuckerman’s anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-class Americans.“It’s an outrage that any American’s life expectancy should be shortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage, ” said the former chairman of the International Steel Group.What’s happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes to politics and policy.Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by California’s governor to offer universal health care, these guys don’t need their own personal weathermen to know which way the wind blows.It’s possible that plutocrats(有钱有势的人)areexpressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory(没收性的)tax policies.But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night.They can live with that.No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders.And when the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods, it’s likely to encourage reciprocal action abroad.For people who buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all around the world, that’s the real nightmare.61.What is the current topic of common interest among the very rich in America?A)The fate of the ultrawealthy people.B)The disintegration of the middle class.C)The inequality in the distribution of wealth.D)The conflict between the left and the right wing.62.What do we learn from Mortimer Zuckerman’s lamentation?A)Many middle-income families have failed to make a bargain for better welfare.B)The American economic system has caused many companies to go bankrupt.C)The American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth.D)The majority of Americans benef it little from the nation’s growing wealth.63.From the fifth paragraph we can learn that ________.A)the very rich are fashion-consciousB)the very rich arepolitically sensitiveC)universal health care is to be implemented throughout AmericaD)Congress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wage64.What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?A)They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.B)They know that the middle class contributes most to society.C)They want to gain support for global economic integration.D)They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.65.What may happen if the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods?A)The prices of imported goods will inevitably soar beyond control.B)The investors will have to make great efforts to reallocate capital.C)The wealthy will attempt to buy foreign companies across borders.D)Foreign countries will place the same economic barriers in return.Part ⅣTransl ation(30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贡献。

2013年12月六级真题及答案-精心整理版

2013年12月英语六级真题及答案Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of Chinese Yo u should write at Chinese. least 120 words following the outline given belo w:1.近年来在学生中出现了忽视中文学习的现象；2.出现这种现象的原因和后果；3我认为…Given Due Attention Should Be Given to the Study of ChinesePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minute s)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage qu ickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choo se the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For qu estions 8-10, complete the sen-tences with the information given in the pas sage. Welcome,Freshmen. Have an iPod.Taking a step that many professors may view as a bit counterproductive, so me colleges and universities are doling out Apple iPhones and Internet-cap able iPods to their students.The always-on Internet devices raise some novel possibilities, like tracking where students gather together. With far less controversy, colleges could s end messages about canceled classes, delayed buses, campus crises or just the cafeteria menu.While schools emphasize its usefulness —online research in class and inst ant polling of students, for example — a big part of the attraction is, undou btedly, that the iPhone is cool and a hit with students. Being equipped with one of the most recent cutting-edge IT products could just help a college o r university foster a cutting-edge reputation.Apple stands to win as well, hooking more young consumers with decades of technology pur-chases ahead of them. The lone losers, some fear, could be professors.Students already have laptops and cell phones, of course, but the newest de vices can take class distractions to a new level. They practically beg a user to ignore the long-suffering professor strug-gling to pass on accumulated wisdom from the front of the room — a prospect that teachers find most irr itating and students view as, well, inevitable.“When it gets a little boring, I might pull it out,‖ acknowledged Naomi P ugh, a first-year student at Freed-Hardeman University in Henderson, Ter m., referring to her new iPod Touch, which can connect to the Internet ove r a campus wireless network. She speculated that professors might try even harder to make classes interesting if they were to compete with the devices. Experts see a movement toward the use of mobile technology in educati on, though they say it is in its infancy as professors try to come up with us eful applications. Providing powerful hand-held devices is sure to fuel deb ates over the role of technology in higher education.“We think this is the way the future is going to work,‖ said Kyle Dickson, co-director of re-search and the mobile learning initiative at Abilene Chris tian University in Texas, which has bought more than 600 iPhones and 300 iPods for students entering this fall.Although plenty of students take their laptops to class, they don’t take the m everywhere and would prefer something lighter. Abilene Christian settle d on the devices after surveying students and finding that they did not like hauling around their laptops, but that most of them always carried a cell ph one, Dr. Dickson said.It is not clear how many colleges and universities plan to give out iPhones and iPods this fall; officials at Apple were unwilling to talk about the subje ct and said that they would not leak any institution’s plans.“We can’t announce other people’s news,‖said Greg Joswiak, vice presid ent of iPod and iPhone marketing at Apple. He also said that he could not d iscuss discounts to universities for bulk purchases.At least four institutions — the University of Maryland, Oklahoma Christi an University, Abilene Christian and Freed-Hardeman — have announced t hat they will give the devices to some or all of their students this fall.Other universities are exploring their options. Stanford University has hire d a student-run com-pany to design applications like a campus map and dir ectory for the iPhone. It is considering whether to issue iPhones but not sur e it, snecessary, noting that more than 700 iPhones were registered on the u niversity’s network last year.At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, iPhones might already have been everywhere, if AT&T, the wireless carrier offering the iPhone in the United States,had a more reliable network, said Andrew Yu, mobile devices platform pro ject manager at M.I.T.“We would have probably gone ahead with this, maybe just getting a thou sand iPhones and giving them out,‖ Mr. Yusaid.The University of Maryland at College Park is proceeding cautiously, givi ng the iPhone or iPod Touch to 150 students, said Jeffrey Huskamp, vice p resident and chief information officer at the university. ―We don’t think tha t we have all the answers,‖ Mr. Huskamp said. By observing how students use the gadgets, he said, ―We’re trying to get answers from the students.‖At each college, the students who choose to get an iPhone must pay for mo bile phone service. Those service contracts include unlimited data use. Bot h the iPhones and the iPod Touch devices can connect to the Internet throu gh campus wireless networks. With the iPhone, those networks may provid e faster connections and longer battery life than AT&T’s data network. Many cell phones allow users to surf the Web, but only some newer ones are c apable of wireless connection to the local area computer network. University officials say that they have no plans to track their students (and Apple said it would not be possible unless students give their permission). They say that they are drawn to the prospect of learning applications outsid e the classroom, though such lesson plans have yet to surface.“My colleagues and I are studying something called augmented reality (a field of computer research dealing with the combination of real-world and virtual reality),‖ said Christopher Dede, professor in learning technologies at Harvard University. ―Alien Contact,‖ for example, is an exer-cise develo ped for middle-school students who use hand-held devices that can determi ne their location. As they walk around a playground or other area, text, vid eo or audio pops up at various points to help them try to figure out why ali ens were in the schoolyard.“You can imagine similar kinds of interactive activities along historical li nes,‖ like following the Freedom Trail in Boston, Professor Dede said. ―It’s important that we do research, so that we know how well something like this works.‖The rush to distribute the devices worries some professors, who say that st udents are less likely to participate in class if they are multi-tasking. ―I’m n ot someone who’s anti-technology, but I,m always worried that technology becomes an end in and of itself, and it replaces teaching or it replaces analysis,,’ said Ellen Millender, associate professor of classics at Reed College in Portland, Ore. (She added that she hoped to buy an iPhone for herself on ce prices fall.)Robert Summers, who has taught at Cornell Law School for about 40 years , announced this week — in a detailed, footnoted memorandum —that he would ban laptop computers from his class on contract law.“I would ban that too if I knew the students were using it in class,‖ Profes sor Summers said of the iPhone, after the device and its capabilities were e xplained to him. ―What we want to encour-age in these students is an activ e intellectual experience, in which they develop the wide range of complex reasoning abilities required of good lawyers.‖The experience at Duke University may ease some concerns. A few years a go, Duke began giving iPods to students with the idea that they might use t hem to record lectures (these older models could not access the Internet). “We had assumed that the biggest focus of these devices would be consu ming the content,‖ said Tracy Futhey, vice president for information techn ology and chief information officer at Duke.But that is not all that the students did. They began using the iPods to creat e their own ―content,‖ making audio recordings of themselves and presenti ng them. The students turned what could have been a passive interaction in to an active one, Ms. Futhey said. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

第二套 2013.12大学英语六级

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although these educators may have good36 , their advice to families is misguided, and it 37 from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition. Educators may fear that children hearing two languages will become 38 confused and thus their language development will be 39 ; this concern is not documented in the literature. Children are capable of learning more than one language, whether 40 or sequentially(依次地). In fact, most children outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in many cases, multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an 41 and even a necessity in many areas. It is also of concern that the misguided advice that students should speak only English is given primarily to poor families with limited educational opportunities, not to wealthier families who have many educational advantages. Since children from poor families often are 42 as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate. Teachers consider learning two languages to be too 43 for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicate in English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is 44 to telling them not to communicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the 45 message is that the family's native language is not important or valued.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2013年12月六级真题及答案

2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying“Happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them.”You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal with problems and be happy. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。

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2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying “Happiness is not the absence of problems, butthe ability to deal with them.”You can cite examples to illustrate yourpoint and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal withproblems and be happy. You should write at least 150 words but no morethan 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A) The rock band needs more hours of practice.B) The rock band is going to play here for a month.C) Their hard work has resulted in a big success.D) He appreciates the woman’s help with the band.2. A) Go on a diving tour in Europe. C) Travel overseas on his own.B) Add 300 dollars to his budget. D) Join a package tour to Mexico.3. A) In case some problem should occur. C) To avoid more work later on.B) Something unexpected has happened. D) To make better preparations.4. A) The woman asked for a free pass to try out the facilities.B) The man is going to renew his membership in a fitness center.C) The woman can give the man a discount if he joins the club now.D) The man can try out the facilities before he becomes a member.5. A) He is not afraid of challenge.B) He is not fit to study science.C) He is worried about the test.D) He is going to drop the physics course6. A) Pay for part of the picnic food. C) Buy something special for Gary.B) Invite Gary’s family to dinner.D) Take some food to the picnic.7. A) Bus drivers’ working conditions.C) Public transportation.B) A labor dispute at a bus company. D) A corporate takeover.8. A) The bank statement. C) The payment for an order.B) Their sales overseas. D) The check just deposited.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) A hotel receptionist. C) A shop assistant.B) A private secretary. D) A sales manager.10. A) Voice. C) Appearance.B) Intelligence. D) Manners.11. A) Arrange one more interview. C) Report the matter to their boss.B) Offer the job to David Wallace. D) Hire Barbara Jones on a trial basis.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) He invented the refrigerator. C) He got a degree in Mathematics.B) He patented his first invention. D) He was admitted to university.13. A) He distinguished himself in low temperature physics.B) He fell in love with Natasha Willoughby.C) He became a professor of Mathematics.D) He started to work on refrigeration.14. A) Finding the true nature of subatomic particles.B) Their work on very high frequency radio waves.C) Laying the foundations of modem mathematics.D) Their discovery of the laws of cause and effect.15. A) To teach at a university. C) To spend his remaining years.B) To patent his inventions. D) To have a three-week holiday.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will hespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through thecentre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They have fallen prey to wolves.B) They have become a tourist attraction.C) They have caused lots of damage to crops.D) They have become a headache to the community.17. A) To celebrate their victory. C) To scare the wolves.B) To cheer up the hunters. D) To alert the deer.18. A) They would help to spread a fatal disease.B) They would pose a threat to the children.C) They would endanger domestic animals.D) They would eventually kill off the deer.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) She is an interpreter. C) She is a domestic servant.B) She is a tourist guide. D) She is from the royal family.20. A) It was used by the family to hold dinner parties.B) It is situated at the foot of a beautiful mountain.C) It was frequently visited by heads of state.D) It is furnished like one in a royal palace.21. A) It is elaborately decorated.B) It has survived some 2,000 years.C) It is very big, with only six slim legs.D) It is shaped like an ancient Spanish boat.22. A) They are uncomfortable to sit in for long.B) They do not match the oval table at all.C) They have lost some of their legs.D) They are interesting to look at.Passage ThreeQuestions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.23. A) It in an uncommon infectious disease.B) It destroys t he patient’s ability to think.C) It is a disease very difficult to diagnose.D) It is the biggest crippler of young adults.24. A) Search for the best cure. C) Write a book about her life.B) Hurry up and live life. D) Exercise more and work harder.25. A) Aggressive. C) Sophisticated.B) Adventurous. D) Self-centered.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read fort the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill inthe blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when thepassage is read for the third time, you should check what you havewritten.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。