Sample Distribution Contract (E)
书籍出版英文合同范本
书籍出版英文合同范本Publishing ContractThis Publishing Contract (the "Contract") is made and entered into as of [date] (the "Effective Date") and between:Publisher: [Publisher's Name], a pany incorporated and existing under the laws of [Publisher's Jurisdiction], with its principal place of business at [Publisher's Address] (hereinafter referred to as the "Publisher"); and Author: [Author's Name], an individual residing at [Author's Address] (hereinafter referred to as the "Author").WHEREAS, the Author is the sole creator and owner of the literary work d [Book Title] (the "Work"); andWHEREAS, the Publisher is engaged in the business of publishing and distributing books; andWHEREAS, the Publisher desires to publish and distribute the Work, and the Author desires to grant the Publisher the rights to do so, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein.NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contned herein, the parties agree as follows:1. Grant of RightsThe Author here grants to the Publisher the exclusive worldwide rights to publish, print, distribute, sell, and sublicense the Work in all languages and in all formats, including but not limited to hardcover, paperback, electronic, audio, and any other form or medium now known or hereafter developed (the "Rights"), for a period of [number of years] years from the date of first publication of the Work (the "Term").2. Publication and DistributionThe Publisher shall use its best efforts to publish and distribute the Work in a timely manner and in a manner consistent with industry standards. The Publisher shall determine the timing, manner, and extent of publication and distribution of the Work, subject to the terms of this Contract.3. Editing and DesignThe Publisher shall have the right to edit and design the Work to the extent necessary for its publication and distribution, provided that such editing and design do not materially alter the substance, meaning, or integrity of the Work without the prior written consent of the Author.4. RoyaltiesThe Author shall be end to receive royalties based on the net sales of the Work. The royalty rates and payment terms shall be as follows:(a) For hardcover editions, the royalty rate shall be [percentage]% of the net sales price.(b) For paperback editions, the royalty rate shall be [percentage]% of the net sales price.(c) For electronic editions, the royalty rate shall be [percentage]% of the net sales price.(d) For audio editions, the royalty rate shall be [percentage]% of the net sales price.Royalties shall be pd to the Author on a [payment frequency] basis, within [number of days] days after the end of each royalty period.5. AdvancesThe Publisher shall pay the Author an advance agnst royalties in the amount of [advance amount] (the "Advance") upon the execution of this Contract. The Advance shall be deducted from the royalties payable to the Author.6. Accounting and ReportsThe Publisher shall keep accurate and plete records of the sales and royalties of the Work and shall provide the Author with a royalty statement and accounting at least [number of times per year] times per year. The Author shall have the right to inspect the Publisher's records relating to the Work upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours.7. Promotion and MarketingThe Publisher shall use its best efforts to promote and market the Work, including but not limited to advertising, publicity, and participation in book frsand other promotional events. The costs of such promotion and marketing shall be borne the Publisher, except as otherwise agreed the parties.8. Author's ObligationsThe Author shall cooperate with the Publisher in the publication and distribution of the Work, including but not limited to providing necessary materials, answering questions, and participating in promotional activities as reasonably requested the Publisher. The Author warrants that the Work is original, has not been previously published in any form, and does not infringe upon the rights of any third party.9. TerminationThis Contract may be terminated either party in the event of a material breach of this Contract the other party, provided that the breaching party is given written notice of the breach and a reasonable opportunity to cure the breach. In addition, the Publisher may terminate this Contract if the Work fls to achieve a minimum level of sales within a specified period of time, as determined the Publisher in its sole discretion.10. IndemnificationThe Author shall indemnify and hold the Publisher harmless from and agnst any and all clms, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees) arising out of or in connection with any breach of the warranties or obligations of the Author under this Contract.11. Governing Law and JurisdictionThis Contract shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of [Jurisdiction]. Any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Contract shall be resolved arbitration in accordance with the rules of [Arbitration Institution], or in a court of petent jurisdiction in [Jurisdiction].12. Entire AgreementThis Contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, negotiations, and understandings, whether written or oral.IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract as of the date first written above.Publisher: [Publisher's Name]By: [Authorized Signature]Title: [Title]Date: [Date]Author: [Author's Name]Date: [Date]Please note that this is only a sample contract and should not be used without seeking legal advice. Publishing contracts can be plex and vary depending on the specific circumstances and requirements of the parties involved.。
品管常用英文缩写
品管常用英文縮寫CEM Contract Manufacture service 合約委托代工IBSC Internet Business Solution Center 國際互聯網應用中心PCEG Personal Computer Enclosure group 個人電腦外設事業群（FOXTEQ）SABG system assembly business group 系統組裝事業群ES Engineer standard 工標Document center (database center) 資料中心DC Design Center 設計中心Painting 烤漆(廠)Assembly 組裝(廠)Stamping 沖壓(廠)Education and Training 教育訓練proposal improvement/creative suggestion 提案改善Technological exchange and study 技術交流研習會Technology and Development Committee 技術發展委員會BS Brain Storming 腦力激蕩QCC Quality Control Circle 品質圈/QC小组PDCA Plan Do Check Action 計劃執行檢查總結DCC delivery control center 交貨管制中心Computer 電腦類產品Consumer electronics 消費性電子產品Communication 通訊類產品Core value （核心价值）Love 愛心Confidence 信心Decision 決心Corporate culture (公司文化)Integration 融合Responsibility 責任Progress 進步Time to market 及時切入生產Time to volume 及時大量生產Time to money 及時大量交貨FOUR CONTROL SYSTEM 四大管制系統Engineering control system 工程管制系統Quality control system 品質管制系統Manufacturing control system 生產管制系統Management control system 經營管制系統Classification 整理(sorting, organization)-seiriRegulation 整頓(arrangement, tidiness)-seitonCleanliness 清掃(sweeping, purity)-seisoConservation 清洁(cleaning, cleanliness)-seiktsuCulture 教養(discipline)-shitsukeSave 節約Safety安全二:英文縮寫品質人員名稱類QC quality control 品質管理人員FQC final quality control 終點品質管制人員IPQC in process quality control 制程中的品質管制人員OQC output quality control 最終出貨品質管制人員IQC incoming quality control 進料品質管制人員TQC total quality control 全面質量管理POC passage quality control 段檢人員QA quality assurance 質量保證人員OQA output quality assurance 出貨質量保證人員QE quality engineering 品質工程人員品質保證類FAI first article inspection 新品首件檢查FAA first article assurance 首件確認CP capability index 能力指數CPI capability process index 模具製程能力參數SSQA standardized supplier quality audit 合格供應商品質評估FMEA failure model effectiveness analysis 失效模式分析FQC運作類AQL Acceptable Quality Level 運作類允收品質水準S/S Sample size 抽樣檢驗樣本大小ACC Accept 允收REE Reject 拒收CR Critical 極嚴重的MAJ Major 主要的MIN Minor 輕微的Q/R/S Quality/Reliability/Service 品質/可靠度/服務P/N Part Number 料號L/N Lot Number 批號AOD Accept On Deviation 特采UAI Use As It 特采FPIR First Piece Inspection Report 首件檢查報告PPM Percent Per Million 百萬分之一制程統計品管專類SPC Statistical Process Control 統計製程管制SQC Statistical Quality Control 統計品質管制GRR Gauge Reproductiveness & Repeatability 量具之再制性及重測性判斷量可靠與否DIM Dimension 尺寸DIA Diameter 直徑N Number 樣品數其它品質術語類QIT Quality Improvement Team 品質改善小組ZD Zero Defect 零缺點QI Quality Improvement 品質改善QP Quality Policy 目標方針TQM Total Quality Management 全面品質管理RMA Return Material Audit 退料認可7QCTools 7 Quality Control Tools 品管七大手法通用之件類ECN Engineering Change Notice 工程變更通知(供應商)ECO Engineering Change Order 工程改動要求(客戶)PCN Process Change Notice 工序改動通知PMP Product Management Plan 生產管制計劃SIP Standard Inspection Procedure 製程檢驗標準程序SOP Standard Operation Procedure 製造作業規範IS Inspection Specification 成品檢驗規範BOM Bill Of Material 物料清單PS Package Specification 包裝規範SPEC Specification 規格DWG Drawing 圖面系統文件類ES Engineering Standard 工程標準IWS International Workman Standard 工藝標準ISO International Standardization Organization 國際標準化組織GS General Specification 一般規格部類PMC Production & Material Control 生產和物料控制PCC Product control center 生產管制中心PPC Production Plan Control 生產計劃控制MC Material Control 物料控制DCC Document Control Center 資料控制中心QE Quality Engineering 品質工程(部)QA Quality Assurance 品質保證处QC Quality Control 品質管制(課)PD Product Department 生產部LAB Laboratory 實驗室IE Industrial Engineering 工業工程R&D Research & Design 設計開發部生產類PCs Pieces 個(根,塊等)PRS Pairs 雙(對等)CTN Carton 卡通箱PAL Pallet/skid 棧板PO Purchasing Order 采購訂單MO Manufacture Order 生產單D/C Date Code 生產日期碼ID/C Identification Code (供應商)識別碼SWR Special Work Request 特殊工作需求L/N Lot Number 批號P/N Part Number 料號OEM Original Equipment Manufacture 原設備製造PC Personal Computer 個人電腦CPU Central Processing Unit 中央處理器A.S.A.P As Soon As Possible 盡可能快的E-MAIL Electrical-Mail 電子郵件N/A Not Applicable 不適用QTY Quantity 數量I/O input/output 輸入/輸出NG Not Good 不行,不合格C=0 Critical=0 極嚴重不允許APP Approve 核準,認可,承認CHK Check 確認ASS'Y Assembly 裝配,組裝T/P True Position 真位度5WIH When, Where, Who, What, Why, How to6M Man, Machine, Material, Method, Measurement, Message4MTH Man, Material, Money, Method, Time, How 人力,物力,財務,技術,時間(資源) SQA Strategy Quality Assurance 策略品質保證DQA Design Quality Assurance 設計品質保證MQA Manufacture Quality Assurance 製造品質保證SSQA Sales and service Quality Assurance 銷售及服務品質保證LRR Lot Reject Rate 批退率DT Desk Top 臥式(機箱T Mini-Tower 立式(機箱)DVD Digital Video DiskVCD Video Compact DiskLCD Liquid Crystal Display 液晶顯示器CAD Computer Aided Design 計算機輔助設計CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing 計算機輔助生產PCB Printed Circuit Board 印刷電路板CAR Correction Action Report 改善報告NG Not Good 不良WDR Weekly Delivery Requirement 周出貨要求PPM Percent Per Million 百萬分之一TPM Total Production Maintenance 全面生產保養MRP Material Requirement Planning 物料需計劃OS Operation System 作業系統TBA To Be Assured 待定,定缺D/C Drawing ChangeP/P Plans & ProcedureEMI Electrical-Music Industry 電子音樂工業Electrical Magnetic Interference 電子干扰RFI Read Frequency Input 讀頻輸入MMC Maximum Material ConditionLED lighting-emitting diode 發光二极管CIP Continuous improvement process 持續改善過程B2C Business to customerB2B Business to businessA VL Approved vendor listPOP Procedure of packaging 包裝程序三:專業詞匯通用類president董事長operator作業員position職務general manager總經理special assistant 特助deputy manager |'depjuti| =vice manager副理deputy supervisor =vice supervisor副課長group leader組長line leader線長supervisor 課長responsible department負責單位Human Resources Department人力資源部Head count 人頭數production department生產部門planning department企劃部QC Section品管課stamping factory沖壓廠painting factory烤漆廠molding factory成型廠administration/general affairs dept./總務部production unit生產單位meeting minutes會議記錄distribution department分發單位subject主題conclusion結論decision items決議事項pre-fixed finishing date預定完成日Color management 顏色管理Visual management 目視管理production capacity生產力first count初盤first check初盤復櫂second count 復盤second check復盤復核quantity of physical inventory second count 復盤點數量physical inventory盤點數量physical count quantity帳面數量difference quantity差異量spare parts physical inventory list備品盤點清單cause analysis原因分析waste materials廢料description品名specification 規格model機種work order工令revision版次remark備注registration登記registration card登記卡to control管制application form for purchase請購單consume, consumption消耗to notify通知to fill in填寫to collect, to gather收集statistics統計cosmetic inspection standard 外觀檢驗規範computer case 電腦外殼(組件)personal computer enclosure 電腦機箱產品front plate前板rear plate后板chassis |'∫æsi| 基座bezel panel面板Hood 上蓋base pan 基座bezel 面板riser card 擴充卡flat cable 排線pin header 排針TOP driver cage 上磁架bottom driver cage 下磁架resin film 樹脂膜raw materials原料materials物料steel plate鋼板roll/coil material捲料spare parts =buffer備品plastic parts塑膠件sheet metal parts/stamping parts 沖件material check list物料檢查表finished product成品semi-finished product半成品good product/accepted goods/ accepted parts/good parts良品defective product/non-good parts不良品disposed goods處理品warehouse/hub倉庫packing material包材plastic basket膠筐flow chart流程表單production tempo生產進度現狀lots of production生產批量manufacture procedure制程to revise, modify修訂to switch over to, switch—to, switching over切換engineering bottleneck, project difficulty工程瓶頸glove(s)手套glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套Band-Aid創可貼Industrial alcohol工業酒精broom掃把mop拖把vacuum cleaner吸塵器rag 抹布garbage container灰箕garbage can垃圾箱garbage bag垃圾袋liaison聯絡單rags抹布lamp holder燈架to mop the floor拖地to clean a table擦桌子air pipe 氣管delivery deadline交貨期die worker模工production, to produce生產equipment設備resistance電阻beacon警示燈coolant冷卻液crusher粉碎機plate電鍍power button電源按鍵reset button重置鍵forklift*車Workshop traveler 天車trailer =long vehicle拖板車Hydraulic trolley手壓車hydraulic hand jack油壓板車casing = containerization裝箱velocity速度patent專利coordinate座標supply and demand供求career card履歷卡barricade隔板carton box紙箱to pull and stretch拉深work cell/work shop工作間bottleneck 瓶頸組裝類Assembly line組裝線Layout布置圖Conveyer流水線運輸帶Rivet machine拉釘機Rivet gun拉釘槍Screw driver起子Electric screw driver電動起子Hydraulic machine 液壓機Pneumatic screw driver氣動起子automation自動化to stake, staking, riveting鉚合add lubricant oil加潤滑油argon welding氬焊cylinder油缸robot機械手conveying belt輸送帶transmission rack輸送架to draw holes抽孔bolt螺栓nut 螺母screw 螺絲identification tag標示單screwdriver plug起子插座automatic screwdriver電動啟子to move, to carry, to handle搬運be put in storage入庫packing包裝staker = riveting machine鉚合機fit together組裝在一起fasten鎖緊(螺絲)fixture 夾具(治具)pallet/skid棧板barcode條碼barcode scanner條碼掃描器fuse together熔合fuse machine/heat stake熱熔機processing, to process加工delivery, to deliver 交貨to return delivery to. to send delivery back to return of goods退貨easily damaged parts易損件standard parts標準件to lubricate潤滑spring 彈簧spare tools location/buffer手工備品倉spare molds location模具備品倉tox machine自鉚機烤漆類high-speed transmission高速傳遞heat dissipation熱傳rack上料volatile揮發性degrease脫脂rinse水洗D.I. rinse純水次Chromate鉻酸處理Anodize陽性處理seal封孔scraped products報放品disposed products處理品dismantle the die折模auxiliary function輔助功能heater band 加熱片thermocouple熱電偶dryer烘干機induction感應induction light感應光response =reaction =interaction感應concave凸convex凹satin texture段面咬花grit沙礫granule =pellet =grain細粒sand blasting噴沙grit maker抽粒機cushion緩沖fillet鑲;嵌邊品質類qualified products, up-to-grade products良品defective products, not up-to-grade products不良品defective product box不良品箱poor processing 制程不良poor incoming part來件不良exposed metal/bare metal金屬裸露excessive defect過多的缺陷critical defect極嚴重缺陷major defect主要缺陷minor defect次要缺陷not up to standard不合規格cosmetic defect外觀不良lack of painting烤漆不到位slipped screw head/slippery slipped thread滑絲missing part漏件wrong part錯件oxidation氧化defective threading抽芽不良poor staking鉚合不良deficient purchase來料不良制程不良cosmetic inspection外觀檢查inner parts inspection內部檢查blister 氣泡angular offset 角度偏差dent 壓痕scratch 刮傷deformation 變形filings 鐵削defective label 不良標簽abrasion 磨損Breaking. (be)broken,(be)cracked 斷裂short射料不足nick缺口speck瑕疪shine亮班splay 銀紋gas mark焦痕delaminating起鱗speckle斑點mildewed =moldy = mouldy發霉deformation變形burr(金屬)flash(塑件)毛邊poor staking鉚合不良excessive gap間隙過大grease/oil stains油污inclusion雜質shrinking/shrinkage縮水mixed color雜色fold of packaging belt打包帶折皺painting make-up補漆discoloration羿色water spots水漬impurity 雜質Mismatch 錯位failure, trouble 故障deformation 變形rust 生銹peel 脫漆Shrink 縮水Contamination 臟污water spots 水漬Gap 間隙label error 標簽錯誤Missing label 漏貼rejection criteria 拒收標准Suspected rejects 可疑庇abrasion 損傷、磨損Texture surface 印花紋表面Streak 條紋stains 污點Blotch 斑點discoloration 脫色Inclusion 雜質slug mark 壓痕dirt grime 灰塵blush 毛邊薄膜sink 下凹Hickey 漏漆labels and logos 貼紙與商標Configuration labels 組合貼紙corrugated container 瓦擺紙箱Delaminating 脫層splattering 散點Gouge 銼孔puckering 折痕第11 页共11 页。
PMP项目管理术语英汉对照表
项目管理术语英汉对照表A•Abstract Resource 抽象资源•Abstraction 抽象•Acceleration 加速•Acceptability Criteria 验收标准•Acceptable Quality Level ("AQL") 可接受质量水平•Acceptance 验收•Acceptance Criteria 验收标准•Acceptance Letters 验收函•Acceptance Number 接受数目•Acceptance Review 验收评审•Acceptance Test 验收测试•Acquisition Methods 采购方式•Acquisition Negotiations 采购谈判•Acquisition Plan 采购计划•Acquisition Plan Review ("APR") 采购计划评审•Acquisition Planning 采购计划编制•Acquisition Process 采购过程•Acquisition Strategy 采购策略•Action 行动•Action Item 行动项•Action Item Flags 行动项标记•Action Plan 行动计划•Activation 激活•Active Listening 积极倾听•Activity Arrow Net 活动箭线网络•Activity Based Costing ("ABC") 基于活动的成本核算•Activity Based Management ("ABM") 基于活动的管理•Activity Calendar 活动日历•Activity Code 活动代码•Activity Definition 活动定义•Activity Description 活动描述•Activity Duration 活动工期活动持续时间•Activity Duration Estimating 活动工期估算•Activity Elaboration 活动详述•Activity File 活动档案•Activity ID 活动识别码•Activity List 活动清单•Activity Node Net 活动节点网络双代号网络•Activity on Arc ("AOA") 弧线表示活动双代号网络•Activity on Arrow ("AOA") 箭线表示活动双代号网络•Activity on Node节点表示活动单代号网络•Activity Oriented 面向活动•Activity Oriented Schedule 面向活动的进度计划•Activity Properties 活动属性•Activity Quantities 活动量值•Activity Status 活动状态•Activity Timing 活动定时•Actor 执行者角色•Actual 实际的•Actual and Scheduled Progress 实际进展的与计划进度•Actual Cost 实际成本•Actual Cost Data Collection 实际成本汇总•Actual Costs 实际费用•Actual Dates 实际日期•Actual Direct Costs 实际直接成本•Actual Expenditures 实际的支出•Actual Finish 实际完成•Actual Finish Date 实际完成日期•Actual Start 实际开始•Actual Start Date 实际开始日期•ACWP 已完成工作实际成本•See Actual Cost of Work Performed •Adaptation 适应•Added value 附加价值•Addendum 附录•Adequacy 适当•Adjourning 解散•Adjustment 调节•ADM•Arrow Diagram Method•ADM Project ADM 项目•Administration 管理部门•Administrative 行政的•Administrative Change 行政变更•Administrative Management 行政管理•ADP•Automated Data Processing•ADR•Alternative Dispute Resolution•Advanced Material Release ("AMR") 材料提前发布•AF•Actual Finish Date•AFE•Application for Expenditure•Authority for Expenditure•Affect 影响•Affected Parties 受影响方•Agency 代理•Agenda 议程•Aggregation 汇总•Agreement 协议•Agreement, legal 协议合同•ALAP•As-Late-As-Possible•Algorithm 算法•Alignment 排列成行•Alliance 联合•Allocated Baseline 分配的基线•Allocated Requirements 分配需求•Allocation 分配•Allowable Cost 允许成本•Allowance 预留•Alternate Resource 替代资源•Alternative Analysis 替代分析•Alternative Dispute Resolution ("ADR") 替代争议解决方案•Alternatives 可选方案•Ambiguity 含糊不清•Amendment 修订•Amount at Stake 损失量•AMR 材料提前公布•Analysis 分析•Analysis and Design 分析与设计•Analysis Time 分析期•Analyst 分析员•AND Relationship 与关系•Anecdotal 轶事•Anticipated Award Cost 预期中标价•AOA•Activity on Arrow•Activity on Arc•AON•Activity on Node•AOQ•Average Outgoing Quality•AOQL•Average Outgoing Quality Limit•APMA•Apparent Low Bidder 最低投标人•Application 应用•Application Area 应用领域•Application for Expenditure ("AFE") 支出申请•Application for Expenditure Justification 支出申请的论证•Application Programs 应用程序•Applied Direct Costs 实际直接成本•Apportioned Effort 分摊努力•Apportioned Task 分摊任务•Appraisal 评估•Approach 方法•Appropriation 拨款•Approval 批准•Approval to Proceed 批准继续•Approve 同意•Approved Bidders List 批准的投标人清单•Approved Changes 批准的变更•Approved Project Requirements 批准的项目需求•APR•Acquisition Plan Review•AQL•Acceptable Quality Level•Arbitrary 随意的•Arbitration 仲裁•Arc 弧线•Architectural Baseline 构架基线•Architectural View 构架视图•Architecture 构架•Architecture, executable 构架可执行•Archive 档案文件•Archive Plan 存档计划•Area of Project Application•Area of Project Management Application ("APMA") 项目管理的应用领域•Arrow 箭线•Arrow Diagram Method ("ADM") 箭线图方法•Arrow Diagramming 箭线图方法•Arrow Diagramming Method 箭线图方法双代号网络图•Artifact 制品•Artificial 人工的•AS•Actual Start Date•ASAP•As-Soon-As-Possible•As-built Design 实际建造设计•As-built document．tion 实际建造文档•As-Built Records•As-Built Schedule 实际建造进度计划•As-Late-As-Possible ("ALAP") 尽可能晚•As-Needed 恰如所需•As-of Dateo见Data Date.•As-Performed Schedule 实际进度计划•Assembly 组装件•Assembly Sequence 组装顺序•Assessment 评估•Assets 资产•Assignment 分配委派任务•Associated Revenue 关联收益•Association 关联关系•As-Soon-As-Possible ("ASAP") 尽快•Assumption 假设•Assumptions 假设•Assumptions List 假设清单•Assurance 保证•Assurance Programo见Quality Assurance Program.•ATPo见Acceptance Test Procedure•Attitude 态度•Attribute 属性•Attrition 损耗•Audit 审核审计•Authoritarian 独裁的•Authoritative 权威的•Authority 权威权力•Authority for Expenditure ("AFE") 开支权•Authorization 授权o见Approval•Authorize 批准•Authorized Unpriced Work 批准的未定价工作•Authorized Work 批准的工作•Authorized Works 批准的工作•Automated Data Processing ("ADP") 自动化数据处理•Automatic Decision Event 自动决策事件•Automatic Generation 自动生成•Automatic Test Equipment 自动测试设备•AUWo见Authorized Unpriced Work•Auxiliary Ground Equipment 辅助场地设备•Availability 可用性•Average Outgoing Quality ("AOQ") 平均出厂质量•Average Outgoing Quality Limit ("AOQL") 平均出厂质量限度•Average Sample Size Curve 平均样本规模曲线•Avoidance 避免•Award 授予•Award Fee 奖金•Award Letter 中标函[编辑]B•BAC 完工预算•Budget at Completion•Baseline at Completion•Back Charge 逆向计费•Backcharge 逆向收费•Backward Pass 倒推法/反向计算•Bad Debts 坏帐•Balance 余额权衡•Balanced Matrix 平衡矩阵•Balanced Scorecard平衡记分卡•Balanced Scorecard Approach ("BSA") 平衡记分卡方法•Bank 储备•Banking 储备•Bar Chart 横道图•Bargaining 讨价还价交涉•Bargaining Power 讨价还价权力交涉权力•Barriers 障碍•Base 基础基数•Baseline 基线基准•Baseline at Completion ("BAC") 完成/完工基线•Baseline Concept 基线概念•Baseline Control 基线控制•Baseline Cost 基线成本•Baseline Dates 基线日期•Baseline Finish Date 基线完成日期•Baseline Management 基线管理•Baseline Plan 基线计划基准计划•Baseline Review 基线评审•Baseline Schedule 基线进度计划•Baseline Start Date 基线开始日期•Baseline, budget 基线预算•Baseline, business 基线商业•Baseline, cost estimate 基线费用估算•Baseline, technical 基线技术•Basis of Estimate 估算根据•Batch 批量•Batch Operation 批运行/批处理•BATNA•Best Alternative to Negotiated Agreement•BCM•Business Change Manager•BCWP•Budgeted Cost of Work Performed•BCWS•Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled•BEC•Elapsed Cost•Behavior 行为/反应•Behavior Analysis 行为分析•Benchmark 基准•Benchmarking标竿管理•Beneficial Occupancy/Use 有益的占用/使用•Benefits 效益•Benefits Framework 效益框架•Benefits Management 效益管理•Benefits Management Plan 效益管理计划•Benefits Management Regime 效益管理制度•Benefits Profiles 效益简述•Benefits Realization Phase 效益实现阶段•Best Alternative to Negotiated Agreement ("BATNA") 协议外最佳方案•BATNA•Best and Final Contract Offer 最佳及最终合同报价•Best and Final Offer 最佳及最终报价•Best Efforts Contract 最大努力合同•Best Practices 最佳实践•Best value 最佳值•Beta Distribution 贝塔发布•Beta Test 贝塔测试•Beta testing 贝塔测试•Bid 投标•Bid Analysis 投标分析•Bid Bond投标保证金•Bid Cost Considerations 投标成本补偿费•Bid document．nbspPreparation 招标文件准备•Bid document．招标文件•Bid Evaluation 评标•Bid List 投标人清单•Bid Package 标段标块•Bid Protests 投标抗议/拒付•Bid Qualifications 投标资质•Bid Response 投标响应•Bid Technical Consideration 投标技术因素•Bid Time Consideration 投标中的时间因素•Bid/No Bid Decision 投标/不投标决策•Bidder 投标人•Bidders Conference 投标人会议•Bidders List 投标人名单•Bidders Source Selection 投标人来源选择•Bidding 投标•Bidding Strategy 投标策略•Bill 帐单•Bill of Materials 材料清单•Bills of Materials 材料清单•Blanket Purchase Agreement ("BPA") 一揽子采购协议BPA •Blueprint 蓝图/计划设计图•Board 委员会•Boiler Plate 样板文件•Bona Fide 真诚真实•Bond 担保•Bonus 奖金•Bonus Schemes 奖励计划•Booking Rates 预提费率•BOOT•Build, Own, Operate, Transfer•Bottom Up Cost Estimate 自下而上成本估算•Bottom Up Cost Estimating 自下而上成本估算•Bottom Up Estimating 自下而上估算•Boundary 边界•BPA•Blanket Purchase Agreement•BPR•Business Process Reengineering •Brainstorming 头脑风暴法•Branching Logic 分支逻辑关系•Breach of Contract 违约•Breadboarding 实验模型•Break Even 盈亏平衡•Breakdown 分解•Breakdown Structure 分解结构•Break-Even Chart 盈亏平衡图•Break-Even Charts 盈亏平衡图•Break-Even Point 盈亏平衡点•Bribe 贿赂•BSA•Balanced Scorecard Approach•Buck Passing 完全通过/推卸责任•Budget 预算•Budget at Completion ("BAC") 完工预算BAC•Budget Cost 预算成本•Budget Costs 预算成本预算费用•Budget Decrement 预算消耗•Budget Element 预算要素•Budget Estimate 预算估算•Budget Presentation 预算介绍•Budget Revision 预算修订•Budget Unit 预算单位•Budgetary Control预算性控制•Budgeted 已安排预算的•Budgeted Cost of Work Performed ("BCWP") 已完工作预算成本BCWP•Budgeted Cost of Work Scheduled ("BCWS") 计划工作的预算成本•Budgeting 制定预算•Budgeting & Cost Management 预算制定与成本管理•Build 建设构造•Build, Own, Operate, Transfer ("BOOT") 建造拥有经营转让•Buildability 建造能力•Building 建筑物•Building Professionalism 建设专业化•Build-to document．tion 建成文档•Built-in Test Equipment 内置测试设备•Bulk Material 大宗材料•Burden 间接费用负担•Burden of Proof 举证费•Bureaucracy 官僚制度•Burn Rate 消耗速度•Burst Node 分支点•Business Actor 业务参与者/角色•Business Appraisal 商业评估•Business Area 业务领域•Business Assurance 商业保证•Business Assurance Coordinator 商业保证协调人•Business Case 商业案例•Business Change Manager ("BCM") 商业变更经理BCM •Business Creation 商业创新•Business Engineering 商业工程•Business Imperative 商业需要•Business Improvement 业务改进•Business Manager 商务经理商业经理•Business Modeling 业务建模•Business Needs 商业需求•Business Objectives 商业目标•Business Operations 业务运作•Business Process 业务流程•Business Process Engineering 业务流程工程•Business Process Reengineering ("BPR") 业务流程重组•Business Processes 业务流程•Business Risk 商业风险•Business Rule 商业规则•Business Transition Plan 业务转换计划•Business Unit 业务单位•Buyer 买方•Buyer's Market 买方市场•Buy-In 支持认同买进•Bypassing 回避[编辑]C•C/SCSC•Cost/Schedule Control System Criteria•C/SSR•Cost/Schedule Status Report•CA•Control Account•CAD•Computer Aided Drafting•Computer Aided Design•Calculate Schedule 估算进度安排•Calculation 计算•Calendar 日历•Calendar File 日历文件•Calendar Range 日历范围•Calendar Start Date 日历开始日期•Calendar Unit 日历单位•Calendar, Software 日历软件•Calendars 日历集•Calibration 校准•CAM•Cost Account Manager•Computer Aided Manufacturing •Control Account Manager•CAP•Cost Account Plan•Control Account Plan•Capability 能力•Capability Survey 能力调查•Capital 资本•Capital Appropriation 资本划拨•Capital Asset 资本资产•Capital Cost 资本成本•Capital Employed 占用的资本•Capital Expansion Projects 资本扩展项目•Capital Goods Project 资本货物项目•Capital Property 资本财产•CAR•Capital Appropriation Request •Cards-on-the-wall Planning 墙卡规划法•Career 职业•Career Path Planning 职业路线规划•Career Planning职业规划•Career Path Planning.•Carryover Type 1 结转类型1•Carryover Type 2 结转类型2•Cascade Chart 层叠图•CASEo Computer Aided Software Engineeringo Computer Aided System Engineering •Cash现金•Cash Flow 现金流•Cash Flow Analysis 现金流分析•Cash Flow Management 现金流管理•Cash Flow, Net 现金流净值•Cash In 现金流入•Cash Out 现金支出•Catalyst 催化者•Catch-up Alternatives 赶上计划的备选方案•Causation 起因•Cause 动因•CBD•Component-Based Development•CBS•Cost Breakdown Structure•CCB•Change Control Board•CCDR•Contractor Cost Data Report•CDR•Critical Design Review•Central Processing Unit (CPU) 中央处理单元•Centralized 集中的•Certain 确定的•Certainty.•Certainty 确定性•Certificate of Conformance 一致性认证•Certification 认证•Chain 链•Challenge 挑战•Champion 推动者支持者•Change 变更变化变革•Change Control 变更控制•Change Control Board (CCB) 变更管理委员会•Change document．tion 变更文档•Change in Scope 工作范围变化•Change Log 变更日志•Change Management 变更管理•Change Management Plan 变更管理计划•Change Notice 变更通知•Change Order 变更通知单•Changed Conditions 变更的条款•Characteristic 特性•Chart 图表•Chart of Accounts 会计科目表•Chart Room 图表室•Charter 章程•Checking 检查•Checklist 检查清单•Checkpoint 检查点•Checkpoints 检查点集•Chief Executive Officer首席执行官•Child 子项•Child Activity 子活动•CI•Configuration Item•Claim 索赔•Clarification 澄清•Class 类•Classes 类•Classification 分类•Classification of Defects 缺陷的分类•Clearance Number 净空数•Client 客户•Client Environment 客户环境•Client Quality Services 客户质量服务•Closed Projects 已收尾的项目•Closeout 收尾•Closeout Report 收尾报告•Closeout, phase 收尾阶段•Closing 终止•Closure 收尾•CM•Configuration Management •Construction Management •Coaching 教练•Code 代码•Code and Unit Test 编码和单元测试•Code of Accounts 帐目编码•Coding 编码•Collaboration 协作•Collapsing 折叠•Collective 集体的•Combative 好战的•Commercial 商务的•Commercial Item Description 商务描述•Commission and Handover 委托和移交•Commissioning 试运行•Commissions and Bonuses 酬金和奖金•Commit 提交•Commitment 承诺义务•Commitment document．nbsp 承诺文件•Commitment Estimate•Commitment Package 承诺包•Commitment to Objectives 对目标的承诺•Committed Cost 已承担成本已承付成本•Committed Costs 已承诺费用•Common Carrier 公众运营商•Communicating With Groups 与团队的沟通•Communicating With Individuals 与个人的沟通•Communication 沟通•Communication Channels 沟通渠道•Communication Plan, Strategic 沟通计划策略性的•Communication Plan, Tactical 沟通计划--战术性的•Communication Room 交流室•Communications Management 沟通管理•Communications Plan 沟通计划•Communications Planning 沟通规划编制•Community 社团•Company 公司•Comparison 对比•Compatibility 兼容性•Compensation 补偿•Compensation and Evaluation 补偿和评价•Competence 能力•Competency 能力•Competition 竞争•Competitive:竞争的•Compile 编译•Compile Time 编译时•Complete 完成•Completed Activity 已完成的活动•Completed Units 完工单元•Completion 完工•Completion Date 完成日期•Complex 复杂的•Component 构件组件•Component Integration and Test 组件集成和测试•Component-Based Development ("CBD") 基于构件的开发•Components 组件•Compound Risk 复合风险•Compromise 折衷•Compromising, in negotiating 折衷谈判•Computer 计算机•Computer Aided Design (CAD) 计算机辅助设计•Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) 计算机辅助制图•Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) 计算机辅助制造•Computer Cost Applications 计算机化的成本管理应用•Computer Hardware 计算机硬件•Computer Modeling 计算机建模•Computer Program Configuration Item 计算机程序配置项•Computer Software 计算机软件•Computer Software Component 计算机软件组件•Computer Software Configuration Item (CSCI) 计算机软件配置项•Computer Software document．tion 计算机软件文档•Computer Software Unit 计算机软件单元•Computer-Aided 计算机辅助的•Computerized Information Storage, Reference and Retrieval 计算机化的信息存储定位和检索•Concept 概念•Concept Definition document．概念定义文档•Concept Phase 概念阶段•Concept Study 概念研究•Conception Phase 概念形成阶段•Conceptual 概念性的•Conceptual Budgeting 概念性预算•Conceptual Design 概念性设计•Conceptual Development 概念性开发•Conceptual Project Planning 概念性项目计划•Concession 让步•Concession Making, in negotiating 谈判中的让步•Conciliatory 调和的•Concluding 终决的•Conclusions 结论•Concurrency 并发性•Concurrent 并发事件•Concurrent Delays 并行延迟•Concurrent Engineering 并行工程•Concurrent Tasks 并行任务•Conditional Risk 条件风险•Conditions 条件条款•Conducting 执行•Confidence Level 信心等级•Configuration 配置•Configuration Audit 配置审核•Configuration Breakdown 配置分解•Configuration Control 配置控制•Configuration Control Board 配置控制委员会•Configuration Identification 配置识别•Configuration Item Acceptance Review 配置项验收评审•Configuration Item Verification 配置项验证•Configuration Item Verification Procedures 配置项验证程序•Configuration Management 配置管理•Configuration Management Board 配置管理委员会•Configuration Relationships 配置关系•Configuration Status Accounting 配置状态统计•Conflict 冲突•Conflict Management 冲突管理•Conflict Resolution 冲突解决方案•Conformance to Requirements 与需求的一致性•Confrontation 积极面对•Consensus 一致同意•Consensus Decision Process 集体决策过程•Consent 同意•Consequences 后果•Consideration 对价•Considerations 对价需要考虑的事项•Consolidate 合并•Consortium 联盟•Constituents 涉众•Constraint 约束条件•Constraint, project constraint 约束条件对项目的约束•Constraints 约束条件•Constructability 施工能力•Construction 施工构造建造建筑•Construction Contractor 施工承包商•Construction Cost 施工成本•Construction Management ("CM") 施工管理•Construction Manager 施工经理•Construction Stage 施工阶段•Construction Work 施工工作•Construction-Oriented 以施工为导向的•Constructive Challenge 建设性质询•Constructive Change 建设性变更•Consultant 咨询顾问•Consulting 咨询•Consumable Resource 可消耗资源•Consumables 消费性物资•Contemplated Change Notice 预期变更通知•Contending, in negotiating 争论在谈判中•Content 内容•Content Type 内容类型•Context 背景•Contingencies 不可预见费应急费用•Contingency 不可预见费应急费用•Contingency Allowance 应急补助•Contingency Budget Procedure 不可预见费用预算程序•Contingency Plan 意外事件计划•Contract Package 合同包•Contract Performance Control 合同履行控制•Contract Plan 合同计划•Contract Pre-award Meetings 合同预授予会议•Contract Quality Requirements 合同质量要求•Contract Requirements 合同要求•Contract Risk 合同风险•Contract Risk Analysis 合同风险分析•Contract Signing 合同签署•Contract Strategy 合同战略•Contract Target Cost (CTC) 合同目标成本•Contract Target Price (CTP) 合同目标价格•Contract Type 合同分类•Contract Types 合同类型•Contract Work Breakdown Structure (CWBS) 合同工作分解结构•Contract/Procurement Management 合同/采购管理•Contracting 签订合同•Contractor 承包商•Contractor Claims Release 承包商索赔豁免•Contractor Cost Data Report (CCDR) 承包商成本数据报告•Contractor Evaluation 承包商评估•Contractor Furnished Equipment 承包商供应的设备•Contractor Project Office 承包商项目办公室•Contractor Short Listing 承包商短列表•Contractor's Performance Evaluation 承包商的绩效评价•Contractual 合同的•Contractual Conditions 合同条款•Contractual/Legal Requirements 合同的/法律上的要求•Contributed value 贡献价值•Contribution Analysis 贡献分析•Control 控制•Control Account (CA) 控制帐目•Control Account Manager (CAM) 控制帐目经理•Control Account Plan (CAP) 控制帐目计划•Control and Coordination 控制和协调•Control Chart 控制表•Control Cycle 控制周期•Control Gate 控制关口控制关卡•Control Loop 控制回路•Control Point 控制点•Control Requirements 控制必要条件要求•Control System 控制系统•Control Theory 控制论•Controllable Risks 可控风险•Controlling 控制o参看Project Control•Controlling Relationship 控制关系•Coordinated Matrix 协调型的矩阵•Coordination 协调•Coordinator 协调员•Corporate 公司•Corporate Administration and Finance 公司行政和财务•Corporate Budget. 公司预算•Corporate Business Life Cycle 公司商务生命周期•Corporate Constraints 公司限制因素•Corporate Data Bank 公司数据库•Corporate Management 公司管理•Corporate Memory 公司记忆库•Corporate Philosophy 公司价值体系, 公司哲学•Corporate Planning 公司计划编制•Corporate Project Management 公司项目管理•Corporate Project Strategy 公司项目战略•Corporate Quality Standards 公司质量标准•Corporate Resources 公司资源•Corporate Responsibility Matrix 公司责任矩阵•Corporate Standards 公司标准•Corporate Supervision 公司监管•Corporation 公司•Correction 纠正•Corrective Action 纠正措施•Correlation 相关性•Cost 成本•Cost Account 成本帐目•Cost Account Breakdown 成本帐目分解•Cost Account Manager (CAM) 成本帐目经理•Cost Account Plan (CAP) 成本帐目计划•Cost Accumulation Methods 成本累加方法•Cost Analysis 成本分析•Cost Applications 成本应用•Cost Avoidance 成本规避•Cost Baseline 成本基线•Cost Benefit 成本效益•Cost Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析•Cost Breakdown Structure 成本分解结构•Cost Budgeting 成本预算•Cost Ceiling 封顶成本成本上限•Cost Ceiling Bracket 成本上限范围•Cost Center 成本中心•Cost Check 成本检查•Cost Classes 成本类别•Cost Code 成本代码•Cost Codes 成本代码•Cost Control 成本控制•Cost Control Point 成本控制点•Cost Control System 成本控制系统•Cost Curve 成本曲线•Cost Distribution 成本分摊•Cost Effective 成本效率成本有效的•Cost Element 成本元素•Cost Engineering 成本工程•Cost Envelope 成本区域•Cost Estimate 成本估算•Cost Estimate Classification System 成本估算分类系统•Cost Estimating 成本估算•Cost Estimating Relationship 成本估算关系•Cost Forecast 成本预测•Cost Forecasting 成本预测•Cost Growth 成本增长•Cost Incurred 已发生成本•Cost Index 成本指数•Cost Indices 成本指数表•Cost Input 成本投入•Cost Management 成本管理•Cost Model 成本模型•Cost of Money 资金成本•Cost of Quality 质量成本•Cost Overrun 成本超支•Cost Performance Baseline 成本绩效基线•Cost Performance Index (CPI) 成本绩效指数•Cost Performance Indicator (CPI) 成本绩效指数•Cost Performance Measurement Baseline 成本绩效度量基线•Cost Performance Ratio (CPR) 成本绩效比率•Cost Performance Report (CPR) 成本绩效报告•Cost Plan 成本计划•Cost Plus 成本补偿•Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract ("CPFF") 成本加固定费用合同•Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract ("CPIFC") 成本加奖励费用合同•Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract ("CPPC") 成本加成本百分比合同•Cost Reimbursable Contract 成本补偿合同费用可偿还合同•Cost Reimbursement 成本补偿•Cost Reimbursement Type Contracts 成本补偿型合同•Cost Reviews 成本评审•Cost Savings 成本节约•Cost Sharing Contract 成本共享合同•Cost Status 成本状态•Cost to Complete 竣工尚需成本•Cost to Complete Forecast 竣工所需成本预测•Cost Types 成本类型•Cost Variance ("CV") 成本偏差•Cost/Schedule Status Report ("C/SSR") 成本/进度状态报告•Cost-Benefit Analysis 成本效益分析•Costed Work Breakdown Structure 带成本信息的工作分解结构•Cost-Effectiveness 成本效果分析法•Costing 成本核算•Costing Systems 成本核算系统•Cost-Time Resource Sheet (CTR) 成本时间资源表•Counseling 指导•Countermeasures 对策•CPFFCo Cost Plus Fixed Fee Contract•CPIo Cost Performance Indexo Cost Performance Indicator•CPIF 成本加奖励费用合同o Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract•CPIFCo Cost Plus Incentive Fee Contract•CPMo Critical Path Method•CPNo Critical Path Network•CPPCo Cost Plus Percentage of Cost Contract •CPRo Cost Performance Ratioo Cost Performance Report•CPUo Central Processing Unit•CRo Change Request•Craft 技艺•Crash Costs 赶工成本•Crash Duration 赶工工期•Crashing 赶工•Creativity 创造力•Credit 赊欠信誉•Credited Resource 已授予的资源•Crisis 危机•Criteria 标准指标•Criterion 标准指标•Critical 关键的•Critical Activity 关键活动•Critical Chain 关键链•Critical Defect 关键性缺陷•Critical Defective 有关键缺陷的产品•Critical Design Review 关键设计评审•Critical Event 关键事件•Critical Factors 关键因素•Critical Path 关键路径•Critical Path Analysis 关键路径分析•Critical Path Method (CPM) 关键路径法•Critical Path Network (CPN) 关键路径网络图•Critical Performance Indicator 关键绩效指标•Critical Ratio 临界比关键比率•Critical Sequence 关键工序•Critical Sequence Analysis 关键工序分析•Critical Subcontractor 关键分包商•Critical Success Factors (CSF) 关键的成功因素•Critical Task 关键任务•Critical Work Item 关键工作项•Criticality Index 关键指数•Cross Organizational 交叉型组织跨组织的•Cross References 交叉参照•Cross-Stage Plan 交叉阶段计划•CSCIo Computer Software Configuration Item •CSFo Critical Success Factors•CTCo Contract Target Cost•CTPo Contract Target Price•CTRo Cost-Time Resource Sheet•Culture 文化•Culture, organizational 文化组织文化•Cumulative Cost-to-Date 到目前为止的累计成本•Cumulative S Curve 累计S 曲线•Currency Conversion 货币兑换•Current Budget 当前预算•Current Date Line 当前日期线•Current Finish Date 当前完成日期•Current FY Budget Allocation 当前财政年的预算分配•Current Start Date 当前开始日期•Current Status 当前状态•Current Year 当年•Custom Duty and Tax 海关关税•Customer 客户•Customer Acceptance Criteria 客户验收标准•Customer Furnished Equipment 客户提供的设备•Customer Perspective 客户观点•Customer/Client Personnel 客户方的职员•Cutoff Date 移交日期•Cutover 移交•CV•Cost Variance•CWBSo Contract Work Breakdown Structure •Cybernetics 控制论•Cycle 周期•Cycle Time 周期[编辑]D•Damages 损害赔偿金•Dangle 悬空活动•Data 数据•Data Application 数据应用•Data Collection 数据收集•Data Date ("DD") 数据日期•Data Entry Clerk 数据录入员•Data Item Description ("DID") 工作项描述•Data Processing 数据处理•Data Refinements 数据改进•Data Type 数据类型•Data Structure Organization 数据结构组织•Database 数据库•Database Administrator ("DBA") 数据库管理员•Database Management System ("DBMS") 数据库管理系统•Date of Acceptance 验收日期•Day Work Account 日常工作帐户•DBAo”Database Administrator"•DBMo”Dynamic Baseline Model"•DBMSo”Database Management System"•DCEo”Distributed Computing Environment" •DCFo”Discounted Cash Flow"•DDo”Data Date"•Deactivation Plan 惰性化计划•Deactivation Procedures 惰性化流程•Debriefing 投标反馈听取情况汇报情况•Decentralized 分散的•Decision 决策•Decision document．tion 决策文档•Decision Event 决策事件•Decision Making 制定决策•Decision Making Process 决策过程•Decision Support System 决策支持系统•Decision Theory 决策论•Decision Tree 决策树•Decision Trees 决策树组•Decomposing 分解•Decomposition 分解•Default 违约•Default values 默认值•Defect 缺陷•Defective 缺陷产品•Defects-Per-Hundred-Units 每百个单元有缺陷的数量•Deficiency 缺陷•Deficiency List 缺陷清单•Definition 定义•Definition Phase 定义阶段•Definitive 确定性的•Definitive Estimate 确定性估算•Deflection 风险转移•Degradation 降级•Delay 延期•Delay, compensable 补偿性延期•Delaying Resource 资源延期•Delegating 授权•Delegation 授权•Deliberate Decision Event 预先准备的决策事件•Deliverable 可交付成果,可交付物•Deliverable Breakdown Structure 可交付物分解结构•Deliverable Deadline 可交付物的终止期限•Deliverables 可交付成果可交付物•Deliverables Management 交付物管理•Delivery 交付•Delphi Technique德尔菲法•Demonstrate 演示证明•Demonstrated 已证明的•Demonstrated Past Experience 已证明的过去经验•Demonstration 演示•Demonstration Review 演示评审•Department 部门•Departmental Budget 部门预算•Dependability 可靠性•Dependencies 依赖关系•Dependency 活动之间的依赖关系•Dependency Arrow 关系箭线•Dependency Diagram 网络图前导网络图•Dependency Links 依赖关系•Dependency Management 依赖关系管理•Deployment 部署•Deployment Lessons Learned document．nbsp 部署的经验教训文档•Deployment Plan 部署计划•Deployment Procedures 部署流程•Deployment Readiness Review 部署准备评审•Deployment View 部署视图•Depreciation 折旧•Descriptive 描述性的•Design 设计•Design & Development Phase 设计和开发阶段•Design Alternatives 设计备选方案•Design Appraisal 设计评估•Design Authority 设计权威•Design Baseline 基准设计•Design Bid Build 设计阶段投标的建立•Design Brief 设计大纲•Design Build 设计的建立包括设计和构造•Design Concept 设计概念•Design Contingency 设计应急费用•Design Contract 设计合同•Design Control 设计控制•Design Development 设计开发•Design Management 设计管理•Design Management Plan 设计管理计划•Design Model 设计模型•Design of Experiment试验设计•Design Package 设计包•Design Review 设计评审•Design Subsystem 设计子系统•Design Time 设计时间•Design to Budget 按预算设计•Design to Cost 按成本设计•Design-to Specifications 按规范设计•Desirable Logic 合意逻辑•Detail document．tion 详细的文档•Detail Schedule 详细的进度安排•Detailed Design 详细设计•Detailed Design Stage 详细设计阶段•Detailed Engineering 详细工程•Detailed Planning 详细计划•Detailed Plans 详细的计划•Detailed Resource Plan 详细的资源计划•Detailed Schedule 详细的进度安排•Detailed Technical Plan 详细的技术计划•Determination 决定决心•Determine Least Cost for Maximum Results 确定可以获得最大收获的最小成本•Deterministic 确定性的•Deterministic Network 确定的网络图•Developed Country 发达国家•Developer 开发人员•Developing Country 发展中国家•Development 开发•Development case 开发案例•Development Phase 开发阶段•Development Plan 开发计划•Development process 开发过程•Deviation 偏差•Deviation Permit 允许偏差•Diagram 图•DIDo”Data Item Description" •Differences 偏差差异•Differentials 差值•Differing Site Conditions 不同的现场环境•Direct Cost 直接成本•Direct Cost Contingency 直接成本应急费用•Direct Costs 直接成本•Direct Labor 直接人工•Direct Project Costs 直接项目成本费用•Directing 指挥•Direction 指导•Directive 指示•Director 主管总监•Discipline 学科•Discipline Maintenance 规矩的维护•Discontinuous Activity 非连续的活动•Discontinuous Processing 非连续的过程•Discount Rate贴现率折现率•Discounted Cash Flow ("DCF") 折现现金流•Discounting 折现•Discrete Effort 离散工作•Discrete Milestone 离散里程碑•Discrete Task 离散任务•Discrimination 歧视•Discussion 讨论•Display 显示•Disposal of Materials 材料处置•Dispute 辩论•Disruption 破坏•Disruptive 破坏性的•Dissemination 分发•Distinguishing Constraint 区分性的约束。
Distribution Contract Draft
Between………………………………………..having its seat at ………………………………….., represented by Mr. …………………………………….. (hereinafter called “the Manufacturer”)and………………………………………..having its seat at ………………………………….., represented by Mr. …………………………………….. (hereinafter called “the Distributor”)IT IS AGREED AS FOLLOWS1. Territory and Products_________________________________________________________________ 1.1 The Manufacturer grants and the Distributor accepts the exclusive right to sell the products listed in Annex 1 (hereinafter called "the Products") in the territory indicated in Annex 2 (hereinafter called "the Territory").2. Distributor's functions_________________________________________________________________ 2.1 The Distributor sells in his own name and for his own account, in the Territory, the Products supplied to him by the Manufacturer.2.2 The Distributor has no authority to make contracts on behalf of, or in any way to bind the Manufacturer towards third parties.2.3 The Distributor agrees to promote in the most effective way, and in accordance to the general directions given by the Manufacturer, the sale of the Products within the whole Territory and to protect the Manufacturer's interests with the diligence of a responsible businessman. He shall especially set up and maintain an adequate organization for sales (and, where appropriate, after-sales service) with all means and personnel as are reasonably necessary in order to ensure the fulfilment of his obligations under this contract for all Products and throughout the Territory.3 Undertaking not to compete_____________________________________________________________ 3.1 Without the prior written authorization of the Manufacturer, the Distributor shall not, distribute, manufacture or represent any products which are in competition with the Products, for the entire term of this contract. In particular he shall not engage, within the Territory or elsewhere, directly or indirectly, acting as distributor, commission merchant, reseller, distributor, agent, or in any other way, for the benefit of third parties who manufacture or market products which are in competition with the Products.3.2 However, the Distributor may market or manufacture non-competitive products (provided not for the benefit of competing manufacturers) on condition that he informs the Manufacturer in writing in advance (stating in detail the types and characteristics of such products), and that the exercise of such activity does not prejudice the punctual fulfilment of his obligations under this agreement.4 Minimum purchase____________________________________________________________________ 4.1 The Distributor undertakes to purchase, during each year, Products amounting to at least the minimum yearly turnover indicated in Annex3.4.2 If the Distributor fails to attain within the end of any year the minimum purchase in force for such year, the Manufacturer shall be entitled, by notice given in writing by means of communication ensuring evidence and date of receipt (e.g. registered mail with return receipt, special courier, etc.), at his choice, to terminate this Agreement, to cancel the Distributor's exclusivity or to reduce the extent of the Territory.5 Advertising and fairs___________________________________________________________________ 5.1 The Distributor shall be responsible for all advertising necessary to promote the Products within the Territory. Such advertising must be in accordance with the indications given by the Manufacturer, in order to warrant that it conforms to the Manufacturer's image and marketing policies. Unless otherwise agreed, the costs of advertising are to be covered by the Distributor.5.3 The Distributor shall take part, at his own expense, in the most important fairs and exhibitions in the Territory.6. Conditions of supply – Prices___________________________________________________________ 6.1 All sales of the Products to the Distributor shall be governed by the Manufacturer's general conditions of sale. In case of contradiction between such general conditions and this contract, the latter shall prevail.6.2 The prices payable by the Distributor shall be those set forth in the Manufacturer's pricelists as in force at the time the order is received by the Manufacturer with the discount indicated in Annex 4. Such prices are subject to change at any time, subject to a one month's notice.6.3 Payment will be made, by means of an irrevocable letter of credit confirmed by a leading Italian bank at least thirty days before the agreed term of delivery and cashable against shipping documents at sight.6.4 The Distributor agrees to comply, with the utmost care, with the terms of payment agreed upon between the parties.6.5 It is agreed that, the Products delivered remain the Manufacturer's property until complete payment is received by the Manufacturer.7 Resale of contractual Products__________________________________________________________ 7.1 The Distributor agrees not to actively promote sales (e.g. through advertising, establishing branches or distribution depots) into the territories reserved by the Manufacturer exclusively for himself or to other distributors or buyers.7.2 The Distributor is free to determine the resale prices of the Products, with the only exception of maximum sales prices that the Manufacturer imposes.7.3 The Distributor informs the Manufacturer about the clients, their commercial details and for each client the useful persons to be in contact with. Each quarter a list of sold quantities related to each client will be presented to the Manufacturer.8 Manufacturer's trademarks______________________________________________________________ 8.1 The Distributor shall make use of the Manufacturer's trademarks, trade names or any other symbols, but for the only purpose of identifying and advertising the Products, within the scope of his activity as distributor of the Manufacturer and in the Manufacturer's sole interest.8.2 The Distributor hereby agrees neither to register nor to have registered, any trademarks, trade names or symbols of the Manufacturer (nor any trademarks, trade names or symbols of the Manufacturer that may be confused with the Manufacturer's ones), in the Territory or elsewhere. He furthermore agrees not to include the above trademarks, trade names or symbols of the Manufacturer in his own trade or company name.8.3 The right to use the Manufacturer's trademarks, trade names or symbols, as provided for under the first paragraph of this article, shall cease immediately for the Distributor, on expiration or termination, for any reason, of the present contract.9. Exclusivity___________________________________________________________________________ 9.1 Except as set out hereafter, the Manufacturer will sell, in the Territory, only to the Distributor. He agrees furthermore not to appoint in the Territory any distributors, agents or intermediaries, for the purpose of distributing the Products. He will however be free to send his personnel to the Territory in order to harmonize the Distributor's activities with his own commercial policy and to contact directly the customers of the Territory.9.2 The Manufacturer reserves the right to make direct sales to the customers or categories of customers indicated in Annex 5. On such sales the Distributor shall not be entitled to any remuneration.10. Term and termination of the contract____________________________________________________ 10.1 This contract enters into force on the date on which it is signed and will last for a maximum period of three years. Should it not be terminated before its expiry date, the parties will meet three months in advance in order to discuss the possibility of concluding a new contract.10.2 This contract may be terminated by either party by a written notice of one month within the first year of duration of the contract, two months during the second year, three months during the third year. The termination notice shall be notified to the other party in writing by means of communication ensuring evidence and date of receipt (e.g. registered mailwith return receipt, special courier, etc.).11 Earlier contract termination____________________________________________________________ 11.1 Each party may terminate this contract with immediate effect, without respecting a period of notice, by notice given in writing by means of communication ensuring evidence and date of receipt (e.g. registered mail with return receipt, special courier, etc.), in case of a breach of its contractual obligations by the other party, amounting to a justifiable reason for immediate contract termination (according to article 11.2) or incase of occurrence of exceptional circumstances which justify the earlier termination (as set out in article 11.3).11.2 Any failure by a party to carry out his contractual obligations which is of such importance as to prevent the contractual relationship to continue, even temporarily, on a reciprocal confidence basis, shall be considered as a justifiable reason for the immediate contract termination for the purpose of article 11.1. The parties furthermore jointly agree that the breach of the provisions under articles 2.2, 3, 4.1, 6.4, 8 and 9 of this contract is to be considered in any case, whatever the importance of the violation, as a justifiable reason for immediate contract termination. Also the breach of any other contractual obligation which is not remedied by the breaching party within a reasonable term after having been invited in writing to do so by the other party, shall be considered as a justifiable reason for the immediate contract termination.11.3 Shall be considered as exceptional circumstances justifying the immediate contract termination: bankruptcy, any kind of composition between the bankrupt and the creditors, death or incapacity of the Distributor, civil or criminal sentences as well as any circumstances which may affect his reputation or hamper the punctual carrying out of his activities; moreover, if the Distributor is a company, any important change in the juridical structure or in the management of the Distributor Company.12. Applicable law – Jurisdiction__________________________________________________________ 12.1 The present contract is governed by the laws of Italy.12.2 The competent law courts of the place where the Manufacturer has his registered office shall have exclusive jurisdiction in any action arising out of or in connection with this contract. However, as an exception to the principle hereabove, the Manufacturer is in any case entitled to bring his action before the competent court of the place where the Distributor has his registered office. ........................................... ...........................................The Distributor The ManufacturerThe Distributor and the Manufacturer declare that they approve specifically, the following clauses of this contract:Art. 3 - Undertaking not to competeArt. 4 - Minimum purchaseArt. 10 - Term and termination of the contractArt. 11 - Earlier contract terminationArt. 12 - Applicable law – Jurisdiction ........................................... ...........................................The Distributor The ManufacturerANNEX 1Contractual TerritoryThe Territory has to be considered as the whole area of Republic of China as well as the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) countries.ANNEX 2Contractual ProductsSeamless aluminium cans for pharmaceuticals powders. The cans can be supplied pickled and washed, or anodised. Capacity of the aluminium cans are from 65mL to 30Litres.Also all the accessories related to the seamless aluminium cans, such as stoppers, sealing caps, crimping machines (manually and semi-automatic) are included in this list.ANNEX 3Yearly minimum purchase (art. 4)YEAR CURRENCY FIGURE 2014 €uro.100.000 2015 €uro.200.000 2016 €uro.500.000ANNEX 4Discount to Distributor (art. 6.2)The manufacturer concedes to the Distributor a discount of ___%ANNEX 5Special customers (art. 9.2)None。
独家经销英文合同范本
独家经销英文合同范本Exclusive Distribution ContractThis Exclusive Distribution Contract (the "Contract") is made and entered into on [date] and between:Party A:Name: [Company Name of Party A]Address: [Address of Party A]Contact Person: [Contact Person of Party A]Telephone Number: [Telephone Number of Party A]Fax Number: [Fax Number of Party A]E Address: [E Address of Party A]Party B:Name: [Company Name of Party B]Address: [Address of Party B]Contact Person: [Contact Person of Party B]Telephone Number: [Telephone Number of Party B]Fax Number: [Fax Number of Party B]E Address: [E Address of Party B]WHEREAS, Party A is engaged in the manufacture and sale of [Product Name] (the "Products") and desires to appoint an exclusive distributor for the Products in the territory specified herein; andWHEREAS, Party B has the necessary marketing and distribution capabilities and is willing to act as the exclusive distributor of the Products in the territory specified herein.NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contned herein, the parties agree as follows:1. AppointmentParty A here appoints Party B as the exclusive distributor of the Products in the territory of [Territory Name] (the "Territory") for a period of [Duration] mencing from the date of this Contract.2. Obligations of Party A2.1 Party A shall supply the Products to Party B in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Contract.2.2 Party A shall provide Party B with marketing materials, technical support and trning as reasonably required Party B.2.3 Party A shall ensure the quality of the Products and shall be responsible for any product defects or quality issues.3. Obligations of Party B3.1 Party B shall purchase the Products from Party A at the prices and on the terms specified in this Contract.3.2 Party B shall use its best efforts to promote and sell the Products in the Territory and shall achieve the minimum sales targets as mutually agreed the parties.3.3 Party B shall not sell the Products outside the Territory without the prior written consent of Party A.3.4 Party B shall mntn an adequate inventory of the Products to meet the market demand.4. Prices and Payment4.1 The prices of the Products shall be as specified in the price list attached hereto as Appendix A. Party A reserves the right to adjust the prices upon prior written notice to Party B.4.2 Party B shall make payment for the Products within [Payment Period] days from the date of invoice.5. Intellectual PropertyParty A retns all rights, and interest in and to the trademarks, trade names, copyrights and other intellectual property related to the Products. Party B shall not use such intellectual property without the prior written consent of Party A.6. ConfidentialityBoth parties shall keep confidential all information relating to this Contract and the business of the other party which is disclosed during the term of thisContract and shall not disclose such information to any third party without the prior written consent of the disclosing party.7. Termination7.1 This Contract may be terminated either party in the event of a material breach of this Contract the other party, provided that the breaching party is given written notice of the breach and fls to cure the breach within [Cure Period] days.7.2 This Contract shall automatically terminate upon the expiration of the term specified herein.8. Governing Law and Dispute Resolution8.1 This Contract shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of [Jurisdiction].8.2 Any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Contract shall be resolved through friendly negotiation. If the dispute cannot be resolved through negotiation within [Negotiation Period] days, either party may submit the dispute to arbitration in accordance with the rules of [Arbitration Institution].9. Miscellaneous9.1 This Contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, whether oral or written.9.2 This Contract may be amended or modified only a written instrument signed both parties.9.3 This Contract is binding upon and inures to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns.IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract as of the date first above written.Party A: [Signature and Seal]Party B: [Signature and Seal]Date: [Date]Appendix A: Price ListPlease note that the above contract is a basic template and may need to be customized based on the specific circumstances and requirements of the transaction. It is remended to seek legal advice before entering into any contractual agreement.。
PDA TR59中英文对照(利用统计学进行产品监控)
Technical Report No.59
制药技术的传播者 GMP理论的践行者
目录
1.0 INTRODUCTION 简介 ...................................................................................... 4 1.1 PURPOSE AND SCOPE 目的和范围 ................................................................... 4
例.............................................................................. 44
2
制药技术的传播者 GMP理论的践行者
In light of the increased focus on this topic， this PDA Task Force recognized the need to provide guidance to help companies identify and use statistical methods. The primary objective of this Task Force was to convey the appropriate use of statistical methods at a level most can understand. 鉴于人们对这一主题越来越重视，PDA 工作组认识到应该建立指南帮助公司识别和使用统计方法。 该工作组的基本目的是让大多数人能够适当应用统计方法。
有关外贸常见合同(中英版)3篇
有关外贸常见合同(中英版)3篇篇1External trade is a crucial part of many businesses around the world, and having solid contracts in place is essential to ensure that all parties involved understand their rights and obligations. In this article, we will explore some common types of contracts used in international trade, their key components, and the importance of having them properly drafted and executed.1. Sales Contract (销售合同)The sales contract is one of the most common types of contracts used in international trade. It outlines the terms and conditions of the sale, including the description of the goods, quantity, price, payment terms, delivery terms, and any other relevant details. Both the buyer and the seller must agree to the terms of the contract before the transaction can proceed.2. Purchase Contract (采购合同)The purchase contract is essentially the mirror image of the sales contract, with the buyer being the party purchasing the goods and the seller being the party selling them. Like the sales contract, it details the terms and conditions of the purchase,including the description of the goods, quantity, price, payment terms, delivery terms, and any other relevant details.3. Distribution Agreement (分销协议)A distribution agreement is used when a manufacturer appoints a distributor to market and sell its products in a particular territory. The agreement typically outlines the rights and obligations of both parties, including the distributor's exclusivity rights, territory restrictions, sales targets, payment terms, and termination clauses.4. Agency Agreement (代理协议)An agency agreement is used when a principal appoints an agent to act on its behalf in a particular territory. The agent may have the authority to negotiate and enter into contracts on behalf of the principal. The agreement typically outlines the rights and obligations of both parties, including the agent's authority, commission structure, payment terms, and termination clauses.5. Licensing Agreement (许可协议)A licensing agreement is used when a licensor grants a licensee the right to use its intellectual property, such as trademarks, patents, copyrights, or trade secrets, in exchange fora fee or royalty. The agreement typically outlines the rights and obligations of both parties, including the scope of the license, payment terms, territory restrictions, sublicensing rights, and termination clauses.6. Joint Venture Agreement (合资协议)A joint venture agreement is used when two or more parties come together to form a new entity for a specific business purpose. The agreement typically outlines the rights and obligations of each party, the structure of the joint venture, the management arrangements, the profit-sharing mechanism, and the exit strategy.7. Consignment Agreement (寄售协议)A consignment agreement is used when a consignor entrusts goods to a consignee for sale on a commission basis. The consignee only pays for the goods once they are sold, and any unsold goods are returned to the consignor. The agreement typically outlines the consignment terms, the commission rate, the payment terms, and the return conditions.8. Non-Disclosure Agreement (保密协议)A non-disclosure agreement is used to protect confidential information shared between parties during negotiations orcollaborations. The agreement ensures that the receiving party does not disclose or misuse the confidential information for its benefit. The agreement typically outlines the definition of confidential information, the non-disclosure obligations, the exceptions to confidentiality, and the duration of the agreement.To ensure that these contracts are legally binding and enforceable, it is essential to have them properly drafted by legal professionals with expertise in international trade law. The contracts should be clear, comprehensive, and tailored to the specific needs and circumstances of the parties involved. Additionally, it is crucial to have the contracts reviewed and signed by all parties involved to indicate their agreement and commitment to the terms and conditions.In conclusion, having solid contracts in place is essential for conducting successful international trade transactions. By understanding the common types of contracts used in external trade, their key components, and the importance of proper drafting and execution, businesses can minimize risks, protect their interests, and ensure smooth and efficient business operations in the global marketplace.篇2Title: Common Foreign Trade Contracts (中英版)1. IntroductionForeign trade contracts play a crucial role in international trade, as they outline the terms and conditions of the agreement between the buyer and the seller. There are various types of foreign trade contracts, each serving a specific purpose and providing protection for both parties involved in the transaction. In this document, we will explore some of the most common foreign trade contracts used in international trade.2. Sales Contract (销售合同)The sales contract is a legally binding agreement between the buyer and the seller that outlines the terms of the sale, including the price, quantity, quality, and delivery terms of the goods. This contract serves as a confirmation of the agreement reached between the parties and provides protection in case of any disputes or disagreements.销售合同是买方和卖方之间的具有法律约束力的协议，规定了销售的条款，包括商品的价格、数量、质量和交货条款。
常用国际贸易术语200个
常用国际贸易术语200个Advertising campaign（广告活动）Advertising（广告）After-sales service（售后服务）Agent（代理商）Anti-dumping duty（反倾销税）Anti-dumping measures（反倾销措施）Arbitration（仲裁）B2B (Business-to-Business)（企业对企业）B2C (Business-to-Consumer)（企业对消费者）Balance of payments（国际收支平衡）Balance of trade（贸易差额）Bilateral trade（双边贸易）Bill discounting（票据贴现）Bill of lading（提单）Brand management（品牌管理）Branding（品牌建设）Business license（营业执照）Business negotiation（商务谈判）Business networking（商务社交）Certificate of compliance（合规证书）Certificate of conformity（合格证书）Certificate of inspection（检验证书）Certificate of origin（原产地证书）CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight)（成本、保险和运费）Command economy（计划经济）Commercial invoice（商业发票）Common market（共同市场）Competitive analysis（竞争分析）Competitive intelligence（竞争情报）Contract negotiation（合同谈判）Copyright（版权）Counterfeit goods（假冒商品）Countervailing duties（反补贴税）Cross-border trade（跨境贸易）Currency appreciation（货币升值）Currency devaluation（货币贬值）Currency fluctuation（货币波动）Customer relationship management (CRM)（客户关系管理）Customer retention（客户保留）Customer satisfaction（客户满意度）Customs broker（报关行）Customs clearance（海关清关）Customs clearance（清关）Customs duty（关税）Customs union（关税同盟）Customs（海关）DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)（货到付款）Demand forecasting（需求预测）Direct investment（直接投资）Distribution channel management（渠道管理）Distribution channel（分销渠道）Distribution strategy（分销策略）Distribution（配送）Distributor（经销商）Documentary collection（跟单托收）Dumping investigation（倾销调查）Dumping margin calculation（倾销幅度计算）Dumping margin（倾销幅度）Dumping（倾销）E-commerce（电子商务）Economic sanctions（经济制裁）Ex works（工厂交货）Exchange rate fluctuations（汇率波动）Exhibition booth（展位）Export controls（出口管制）Export credit agency（出口信用机构）Export credit（出口信贷）Export documentation（出口文件）Export duty（出口关税）Export license（出口许可证）Export promotion（出口促进）Export quota（出口配额）Export regulations（出口法规）Export subsidy scheme（出口补贴计划）Export subsidy（出口补贴）Export（出口）Export-oriented production（出口导向型生产）EXW (Ex Works)（工厂交货）FCL (Full Container Load)（整柜）FOB (Free On Board)（离岸价）Foreign exchange market（外汇市场）Foreign exchange rate（汇率）Foreign exchange rate（外汇汇率）Franchising（特许经营）Free trade agreement（自由贸易协定）Free trade zone（自由贸易区）Free trade（自由贸易）Freight forwarding（货运代理）GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)（关税和贸易总协定）GSP (Generalized System of Preferences)（普惠制）Hedging（套期保值）Import documentation（进口文件）Import duty rate（进口关税税率）Import duty（进口关税）Import license（进口许可证）Import quota system（进口配额制度）Import quota（进口配额）Import regulations（进口法规）Import restrictions（进口限制）Import substitution（进口替代）Import（进口）Incoterms（国际贸易术语解释）Indirect export（间接出口）Insurance policy（保险单）Intellectual property infringement（知识产权侵权）Intellectual property rights protection（知识产权保护）Intellectual property rights（知识产权）International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)（国际商会）International payment（国际支付）International standards（国际标准）International trade fair（国际贸易博览会）International trade finance（国际贸易融资）International trade（国际贸易）Inventory management（库存管理）Joint venture（合资企业）LCL (Less than Container Load)（散货）Letter of credit（信用证）Letter of intent（意向书）Licensing（许可）Logistics（物流）Manufacturer（制造商）Market access（市场准入）Market analysis（市场分析）Market demand（市场需求）Market economy（市场经济）Market entry barrier（市场准入壁垒）Market entry barriers（市场准入壁垒）Market entry mode（市场进入方式）Market entry strategy（市场进入策略）Market expansion（市场扩张）Market expansion（市场拓展）Market growth（市场增长）Market opportunity（市场机会）Market penetration（市场渗透）Market positioning（市场定位）Market research report（市场研究报告）Market research（市场调研）Market research（市场研究）Market saturation（市场饱和）Market segmentation（市场细分）Market share analysis（市场份额分析）Market share（市场份额）Market trend analysis（市场趋势分析）Market trend（市场趋势）Marketing campaign（营销活动）Marketing mix（市场营销组合）Marketing strategy（营销策略）Mediation（调解）Memorandum of understanding (MOU)（谅解备忘录）MFN (Most Favored Nation) status（最惠国待遇）Mixed economy（混合经济）Multilateral trade（多边贸易）Non-disclosure agreement (NDA)（保密协议）Non-tariff barriers（非关税壁垒）Online marketing（网络营销）Online marketplace（在线市场）Open account（开放账户）Order fulfillment（订单履行）Packing list（装箱单）Patent（专利）Payment terms（支付条款）Preferential trade agreement（优惠贸易协定）Preferential trade（优惠贸易）Price negotiation（价格谈判）Pricing strategy（定价策略）Product development（产品开发）Product differentiation（产品差异化）Product positioning（产品定位）Product quality control（产品质量控制）Product recall（产品召回）Proforma invoice（形式发票）Promotion（推广）Public relations（公关）Purchase order（采购订单）Quality control（质量控制）Quota（配额）Retailer（零售商）Risk management（风险管理）Royalties（版税）Rules of origin（原产地规则）Safeguard measures（保障措施）Sales contract（销售合同）Sales forecast（销售预测）Sales promotion（促销）Social media marketing（社交媒体营销）Strategic alliance（战略联盟）Subsidy investigation（补贴调查）Subsidy（补贴）Supplier（供应商）Supply chain management（供应链管理）Supply chain optimization（供应链优化）Supply chain（供应链）Tariff（关税）Tariffication（关税化）Trade agreement（贸易协定）Trade association（行业协会）Trade barrier（贸易壁垒）Trade barriers（贸易壁垒）Trade credit insurance（贸易信用保险）Trade credit（贸易信用）Trade deficit（贸易逆差）Trade dispute resolution（贸易争端解决）Trade dispute settlement（贸易争端解决）Trade dispute（贸易争端）Trade embargo（贸易禁运）Trade facilitation agreement（贸易便利化协定）Trade facilitation measures（贸易便利化措施）Trade facilitation（贸易便利化）Trade finance agreement（贸易融资协议）Trade finance facility（贸易融资工具）Trade finance instruments（贸易融资工具）Trade finance options（贸易融资选择）Trade finance（贸易融资）Trade financing options（贸易融资选择）Trade imbalance（贸易失衡）Trade in goods（货物贸易）Trade in services（服务贸易）Trade insurance（贸易保险）Trade liberalization（贸易自由化）Trade mission（贸易代表团）Trade negotiations（贸易谈判）Trade policy（贸易政策）Trade promotion activities（贸易促进活动）Trade promotion organizations（贸易促进组织）Trade promotion（贸易促进）Trade protectionism（贸易保护主义）Trade remedies（贸易救济措施）Trade restrictions（贸易限制）Trade secrets（商业机密）Trade show participation（参展）Trade show（贸易展览会）Trade surplus（贸易顺差）Trade（贸易）Trademark（商标）Trade-related investment measures（与贸易有关的投资措施）Trading bloc（贸易集团）TRIPS Agreement(Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights)（与贸易有关的知识产权协议）Warehousing（仓储）Wholesaler（批发商）World Trade Organization (WTO)（世界贸易组织）WTO rules（世界贸易组织规则）。
国际贸易实务
国际贸易实务的吐血整理……第一篇合同的标的第一章商品的名称和质量“凭样品买卖”（sale by sample）（由于商品本身的特点,难以用文字说明表示商品的质量,或出于市场习惯而采用的一种方法）.实物样品通常是从一批商品中抽取出来或者是由生产部门设计、加工出来的. 1．凭卖方样品买卖（sale by seller’s sample）代表性样品（representative sample）、原样（original sample）、标准样品（type sample）：买方所提供的能充分代表日后整批交货品质的少量实物；复样（duplicate sample）、留样（keep sample）：在向买方送交代表性样品时,应留存一份或数份同样的样品,以备将来组织生产、交货或处理质量纠纷时作核对之用.2．凭买方样品买卖（sale by buyer’s sample）（我国“来样成交”、“来样制作”）3．对等样品（counter sample）、回样（return sample）：卖方认为按买方来样供货没有切实把握,卖方可根据买方来样仿制或从现有货物中选择品质接近的样品提交买方.（“凭买方样品买卖”转变成“凭卖方样品买卖”）4．封样（sealed sample）：为了避免买卖双方在履约过程中产生质量争议,由第三方或由公证机关（如商品检验机构）在一批货物中抽取同样质量的样品若干份,每份样品采用各种方式加封识别,由第三方或由公证机关留存一份备案,其余供当事人使用.u 样品无论由谁提供,一经双方凭以成交便成为履行合同是交接货物的质量依据,卖方承担交付的货物质量与样品完全一致的责任（strictly same as sample）,否则,买方有权提出索赔甚至拒收货物.“凭标准买卖”（sale by standard）标准是指商品规格的标准化.商品的标准一般由标准化组织、政府机关、行业团体、商品交易所等规定并公布.国际标准：国外先进标准：我国：有同业公会或检验机构从一定时期或季节、某地装船的各批货物中分别抽取少量实物加以混合拌制,并由该机构封存保存,以此实物所显示的平均品质水平,作为该季节同类商品质量的比较标准.是指卖方交货品质只需保证为上好的、适合于销售的品质即可.质量机动幅度条款是指对特定质量指标在一定幅度内可以机动.规定范围：极限：上下差异：质量公差（quality tolerance）是指允许交付货物的特定质量指标有在公认的一定范围内的差异.第二章商品的数量重量的计算方法：1．按毛重计：毛重（gross weight）是指商品本身的重量加皮重（tare）,即商品连同包装的重量.2．按净重计：净重（net weight）指商品本身的重量,即毛重扣除皮重（包装）的重量. 1) 按实际皮重（real tare,or actual tare）：将整批商品的包装逐一过秤,算出每一件包装的重量和总重量.2) 按平均皮重（average tare）：从全部商品中抽取几件,称其包装的重量,除以抽取的件数,得出平均数,再以平均每件的皮重乘以总件数,算出全部包装重量.3) 按习惯皮重（customary tare）：某些商品的包装比较规格化,并已经形成一定的标准,即可按公认的标准单件包装重量乘以商品的总件数,得出全部包装重量.4) 按约定皮重（computed tare）：买卖双方以事先约定的单件包装重量,乘以商品的总件数,求得该批商品的总皮重.3．其他计算重量的方法：1) 按公量计重（conditioned weight）：在计算货物重量时,使用科学方法,抽去商品中所含水分,再加标准水分重量,求得的重量成为公量.2) 按理论重量计重（theoretical weight）：理论重量适用于有固定规格和固定体积的商品.3) 法定重量（legal weight）：纯商品的重量加上直接接触商品的包装材料,即为法定重量.净净重（net net weight）：扣除这部分内包装的重量及其他包含杂物（如水分、尘芥）的重量,则为净净重.实际业务中,有许多商品受本身特性、生产、运输或包装条件以及计量工具的限制,在交货时不易精确计算.为了便于合同的顺利履行,减少争议,买卖双方通常都要在合同中规定数量的机动幅度条款,允许卖方交货数量可以在一定范围内灵活掌握.买卖合同中的互谅机动幅度条款一般就是溢短装条款（more or less clause）,就是在规定具体数量的同时,再在合同中规定允许多装或少装的一定百分比.卖方交货数量只要在允许增减的范围内即为符合合同有关交货数量的规定.也可称为增减条款（plus or minus clause）,合同中有规定溢短装条款,具体伸缩量的掌握大都明确由卖方决定（at seller’s option）,但有时特别是在由买方派船装运时,也可规定由买方决定（at buyer’s option）.第三十九条信用证金额、货物数量和单价的增减幅度 a．凡“约”“大概”、“大约”或类似的词语用于信用证金额、货物、数量和单价时,应解释为有关金额、数量或单价不超过10％的增减幅度.b．除非信用证规定货物的指定数量不得有增减外,在所支付的款项不超过信用证金额的条件下,货物数量准许有5％的增减幅度.但是,当信用证上规定的数量是以包装单位或个数计数时,此项增减幅度则不适用.c．除非禁止分批装运的信用证上另有规定或除非已适用本条（b）款者,当信用证对货物的数量有规定,且货物已全数装运,以及当信用证对单价有规定,而此单价又末降低的条件下,允许支取的金额有5％的减幅.如信和证已利用本条（a）款提到的词语,则本规定不适用.第三章商品的包装运输标志（shipping mark）,及“唛头”,是国际货物买卖合同、货运单据中有关货物标志事项的基本内容.按国际标准化组织（ISO）的建议,运输标志应包括四项内容：1) 收货人或卖方的名称字母首或简称2) 参照号码3) 目的地4) 件数号码指示性标志（indicative mark）是根据商品的特性,对一些容易破碎、残损、变质的商品,在搬运装卸操作和存放保管条件方面所提出的要求和注意事项,用图形或文字表示的标志.商品条码（bar code for commodities）是一种代码,“由一组规则排列的条、空及其对应代码组成,是标志商品特定信息的标识”.我国目前已启用的前缀码有5个：690-694（国别码）包装是主要交易条件之一,国际货物买卖合同的重要内容,买卖双方必须认真洽商,取得一致意见,并在合同中做出明确具体的规定.合同中包装条款的内同一般包括包装材料、包装方式和每件包装中所含物品的数量或重量.按国际贸易习惯,唛头一般由卖方决定.包装费用一般包括在货价以内.第二篇商品的价格和贸易术语第四章贸易术语FOBFREE ON BOARD (…named port of shipment)——装运港船上交货（……指定装运港）是指当货物在指定装运港越过船舷时,卖方即完成交货.这是指买方必须自该交货点起负担一切费用和货物灭失或损坏的风险.FOB术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关.本术语只适用于海运和内河运输.卖方的主要义务：(1) 负责咋合同规定的日期或期限内,在指定装运港,将符合合同的货物按港口惯常方式交至买方指定的船上,并给予买方充分的通知；(2) 负责取得出口许可证或其他核准书,办理货物出口手续；(3) 负担货物在装运港越过船舷为止的一切费用和风险；(4) 负责提供商业发票和证明货物已交至船上的通常单据.买方的主要义务：(1) 负责按合同规定支付价款；(2) 负责租船或订舱,支付运费,并给予买方关于船名、装船地点和要求交货时间的充分通知；(3) 自负风险和费用取得进出口许可证或其他核准书,并办理货物进口以及必要时经由另一国过境运输的一切海关手续；(4) 负担货物在装运港越过船舷后的一切费用和风险；(5) 收取卖方按合同规定交付的货物,接受与合同相符的单据.卖方及时将货物装上船,是FOB术语的要素.其交货点为船舷.CIFCOST,INSURANCE AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)——成本加保险费、运费（……指定目的港）是指当货物在指定装运港越过船舷时,卖方即完成交货.卖方必须支付将货物运至指定目的港所必需的费用和运费,但交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险,以及由于发生事件而引起的任何额外费用,自卖方转移至买方.CIF术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关.本术语只适用于海运和内河运输.卖方的主要义务：（同上）(3) 负责租船或订舱,并支付至目的港的费用；(4) 负责办理货物运输保险,支付保险费；(6) 负责提供商业发票、保险单和货物运往约定目的港的通常运输单据.买方的主要义务：（同上,去掉(2)）在CIF合同中,卖方是为了买方的利益办理货运保险的,因为此向保险主要是为了保障货物装船后在运输途中的风险.最低保险金额应为合同规定的价款加10%,并以合同货币投保.单据买卖CFRCOST AND FREIGHT (…named port of destination)——成本加运费（……指定目的港）是指当货物在指定装运港越过船舷时,卖方即完成交货.卖方必须支付将货物运至指定目的港所必需的费用和运费,但交货后货物灭失或损坏的风险,以及由于发生事件而引起的任何额外费用,自卖方转移至买方. CFR术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关.本术语只适用于海运和内河运输.CFR与CIF不同之处仅在于：CFR合同的卖方不负责办理保险手续和不支付保险费,不提供保险单据.有关海上运输的货物保险由买方自理.按CFR术语订立合同,需特别注意的是装船通知问题.因为,在CFR术语下,卖方负责安排在装运港将货物装上船,而买方须自行办理货物运输保险,以就货物装上船（越过船舷）后可能遭受灭失或损坏的风险取得保障.因此,在货物装上船前,即风险转移至买方前,买方及时向保险公司办妥保险,是CFR合同中一个至关重要的问题.FCAFREE CARRIER (…named place)——货交承运人（……指定地）是指卖方在指定地将经出口清关的货物交给买方指定的承运人,即完成了交货.“承运人”是指在运输合同中承担履行铁路、公路、海洋、航空、内河运输或多式运输的实际承运人（actual carrier）,或承担取得上述运输履行的订约承运人（contracting carrier）,如货运代理商（freight forwarder）.如买方指定一个非承运人的人收取货物时,当货物被交给该人时,应认为卖方已履行了交货义务.本术语适用于任何运输方式,包括多式运输.如合同中所规定的指定交货地为卖方所在地,则当货物被装至由买方指定的承运人的收获运输工具上时,卖方即完成了交货义务；在其他情况下,当货物在买方指定的交货地,在卖方的送货运输工具上（未卸下——not unloaded）,被交由买方指定的承运人处置时,卖方即完成了交货义务.FCA合同的买方必须自负费用订立自指定地运输货物的合同.鉴于在采用FCA术语时,货物大都作了集合化或成组化（cargo unitization）,例如装入集装箱或装上托盘（pallets）,因此,卖方应考虑将货物集合化所需的费用也计算在价格之内.CPTCARRIAGE PAID TO (…named place of destination)——运费付至（……指定目的地）是指当货物已被交给由卖方指定的承运人时,卖方即完成了交货.交货后,货物灭失或损坏的风险,以及由于发生事件而引起的任何额外费用,即从卖方转移至买方.但卖方还必须支付将货物运至指定目的地所需的运费. CPT术语要求卖方办理货物出口清关.本术语适用于任何运输方式,包括多式运输.在CPT合同中,卖方负责安排运输,而买方负责货物运输保险.为了避免两者脱节,造成货物装运（货交承运人接受监管）后,失却对货物必要的保险保障,卖方应及时向买方发出装运通知.CIPCARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO (…named place of destination)——运费、保险费付至（……指定目的地）是指卖方除了须承担在CPT术语下同样的义务外,还须对货物在运输途中灭失或损坏的买方风险取得货物保险,订立保险合同,并支付保险费.保险责任的起讫时间必须与有关货物的运输相符合,并必须自买方需负担货物灭失或损坏的风险时（即自货物在发运地被交付给承运人时）起开始生效,直至货物到达约定的目的地为止.区别：(1) 适用的运输方式不同(2) 交货和风险转移的地点不同(3) 装卸费用负担不同(4) 运输单据不同第五章第六章出口成本核算与佣金和折扣凡价格中包含佣金的,称为“含佣价”（price including commission）.“含佣价”可用文字表示,例如：每公吨335美元CIF纽约包含佣金2% 或每公吨335美元CIFC2%纽约USD（US$）335 per metric ton/board CIF New York/London including 2% commission按国际贸易习惯,佣金一般是按交易额（即发票金额）为基础进行计算的.含佣价=净价/（1-佣金率）第三篇货物的交付第七章交货时间和地点分批装运（partial shipments）又称分期装运（shipment by instalments）,是指一个合同项下的货物先后分若干期或若干批装运.在规定分批装运条款时,具体订明每批装运的时间和数量.卖方的机动余地很小,只要其中任何一期没有按时、按量装运,除非合同规定,每批构成一份单独的合同,就可作违反合同论.以后各期合同均无效.加入信用证也作相同规定,若其中任何一期未按规定装运,则本期及以后各期均不得凭以装运支款.转运（transhipment）是指在从信用证规定的发运接受监管或装运地至最后目的地的运输过程中,从一运输工具卸下,再装上另一运输工具（不论是否为不同运输方式）的行为.第八章运输方式班轮运费由基本运费和附加费用构成.基本运费的计算标准（basis）共有八种：(1) 按货物的毛重(2) 按货物的体积以上两种计算运费的重量吨和尺码吨统称为运费吨.(3) 按货物的价格计收(4) 按货物的重量或尺码从高计收(5) 按货物重量、尺码或价值三者中选择一种最高的运费计收(6) 按货物重量或尺码选择其高者,再加上从价运费计收(7) 按每件货物作为一个计费单位收费(8) 临时议定运价（open rate）如果是从价运费,则按规定的百分率乘FOB货值即可（见达后的运费）.海运提单（ocean bill of lading）,简称提单（B/L）,是指用以证明海上货物运输合同和货物已经由承运人接收或装船,以及承运人保证据以交付货物的单证.海运提单的性质和作用,可以概括为以下三个方面：(1) 它是承运人应托运人的要求所签发的货物收据（receipt for the goods）,表明承运人已按提单所列内容收到货物.(2) 它是一种货物所有权的凭证（document of title）.提单就是货物的象征.(3) 它是承运人与托运人之间订立的运输合同的证明（evidence of the contract of carriage）.集装箱运输（container transport）是以集装箱作为运输单位进行货物运输的一种现代化运输方式.在国际航运上使用的主要为20英尺和40英尺两种,即1A型8＇×8＇×40＇,1AA 型＇×8＇×40＇；1C型8＇×8＇×20＇.集装箱运输具备一系列传统运输不具备的优点：提高了货运速度,加快了运输工具、货物及资金的周转；减少了运输过程中的货差、货损,提高货运质量；节省货物包装费用,减少货物运杂费支出；简化货运手续,便利货物运输.集装箱的包箱费率有三种规定方法：(1) FAK包箱费率（freight for all kinds）,即不分货物种类,也不计货量,只规定统一的每个集装箱收取的费率.(2) FCS包箱费率（freight for class）,即按不同货物等级制定的包箱费率.(3) FCB包箱费率（freight for class & basis）,即按不同货物等级或货物类别以及计算标准指定的费率.第九章货物运输保险海上损失1. 全部损失（total loss）简称全损,系指整批货不可分割的一批被保险货物在运输途中全部遭受损失.(1) 实际全损（actual total loss）,是指该批被保险货物在运输途中完全灭失,或者受到严重损坏完全失去原有的形体、效用,或者不能再归被保险人所拥有.(2) 推定全损（constructive total loss）,是指被保险货物在运输途中受损后,实际全损已经不可避免,或者为避免发生实际全损所需支付的费用与继续将货物运抵目的地的费用之和超过保险价值,也就是恢复、修复受损货物并将其运送到原订目的地的费用将超过该目的地的货物价值.2. 部分损失（partial loss）,是指不属于实际全损和推定全损的损失,即没有达到全部损失程度的损失.(1) 共同海损（general average）,是指在同一海上航程中,船舶、货物和其他财产遭遇共同危险,为了共同安全,有意的合理的采取措施所直接造成的特殊牺牲、支付的特殊费用.构成共同海损,必须具备以下条件：a) 导致共同海损的危险必须是真实存在的或不可避免的b) 船方所采取的措施,必须是为了解除船、货的共同危险,有意识而且是合理的c) 所做的牺牲具有特殊性,指出的费用是额外的,是为了解除危险,而不是由危险直接造成的d) 牺牲和费用的支出最终必须是有效的(2) 单独海损（particular average）,是指除共同海损以外的部分损失,即被保险货物遭遇海上风险受损后,其损失未达到全损程度,而且该损失应由受损方单独承担的部分损失.海洋运输货物保险的基本险别：(1) 平安险(2) 水渍险(3) 一切险保险公司的除外责任海洋运输货物保险条款规定的保险责任起讫时间,采用“仓至仓”条款（warehouse to warehouse clause,W/W Clause）,即保险公司的保险责任自被保险货物运离保险单所载明的起运地仓库或储存处所开始运输时生效,包括正常运输过程中的海上、陆上、内河和驳船运输在内,直至该项货物到达保险单所载明目的地收货人的最后仓库或储存处所或被被保险人用作分配、分派或非正常运输的其他储存处所为止.一般附加险（general additional risk）：(1) 碰损、破碎险（clash and breakage）(2) 串味险（taint of odour）(3) 淡水雨淋险（fresh water and/or rain damage）(5) 短量险（shortage）(6) 渗漏险（leakage）(7) 混杂、玷污险（intermixture and contamination）(8) 钩损险（hook damage）(9) 受潮受热险（sweat and heating）(10) 锈损险（rust）(11) 包装破损险（breakage of packing）确定保险金额保险金额（insured amount）系指保险人承担赔偿或者给付保险金责任的最高限额,也是保险人计算保险费的基础.CIF价格=发票金额凡按CIF或CIP条件达成的合同一般均规定保险金额,而且,保险金额通常还须在发票金额的基础上增加一定的百分率,即所谓“保险加成”.卖方有义务按CIF或CIP价格的总值另加10%作为保险金额.保险金额的计算公式是：保险金额=CIF（或CIP）价×（1+投保加成率）CIF（或CIP）价=CFR（或CPT）价/{1-[保险费率×（1+投保加成率）]}（费率表）保险金额=FOB（或FCA）价格×（1+平均运费率+平均保险费率）保险费=保险金额×保险费率第四篇货款的结算第十章票据汇票（bill of exchange）是出票人签发的,委托付款人在见票时或者在指定日期无条件支付确定的金额给收款人或者持票人的票据.汇票可从不同角度进行分类：(1) 按照出票人的不同,汇票可分为银行汇票（banker’s draft）和商业汇票（commercial draft）(2) 按照付款时间的不同,汇票可分为即期汇票（sight draft；demand draft）和远期汇票（time draft；usance draft）(3) 按照承兑人不同,汇票又可分为商业承兑汇票（commercial acceptance draft）和银行承兑汇票（banker’s acceptance draft）(4) 按照是否负有货运单据,汇票可分为光票（clean draft）和跟单汇票（documentary draft）汇票的使用：(1) 出票（to draw）是指出票人签发票据并将其交付给收款人的票据行为.(2) 提示（presentation）是指收款人或持票人将汇票交给付款人要求付款或承兑的行为.(3) 承兑（acceptance）是指汇票付款人承诺在汇票到期日支付汇票金额的票据行为.(4) 付款（payment）是指汇票付款人向持票人支付汇票金额以消灭票据关系的行为.(5) 背书（endorsement）是一种以转让票据权利为目的的票据行为,是票据转让的一种重要方式.(6) 拒付（dishonour）包括拒绝付款和拒绝承兑.追索（recourse）是当汇票被拒付,持票人除可向承兑人追偿外,还有权向其前手,包括所有的背书人和出票人行使该权利.第十一章第十二章信用证信用证（letter of credit,L/C）又称信用状,是出证人以自身名义开立的一种信用文件,就广义而言,它是指由银行或其他人应客户请求作出的一项书面保证（written engagement）,按此保证,出证人（the issuer）承诺在符合信用证所规定的条件下,兑付汇票或偿付其他付款要求（other demands for payment）.第五篇争议的预防与处理第十三章第十四章第十五章第十六章货物的检验除双方另有约定者外,买方有权对自己所购买的货物进行检验.如果发现货物不符合合同规定,而且确属于卖方责任者,买方有权采取要求卖方予以损害补偿等补救措施,直至拒收货物.但是,必须指出,买方对货物的检验权并不是表示对货物接受的前提条件,买方对收到的货物可以进行检验,也可以不进行检验,假如买方没有利用合理的机会对货物进行检验,就是放弃了检验权,他也就丧失了拒收货物的权利.如何保证买方的检验权第十七章索赔索赔（claim）是指买卖合同的一方当事人因另一方当事人违约致使其遭受损失而向另一方当事人提出要求损害赔偿的行为.索赔期限是指受损害一方有权向违约方提出索赔的期限.约定的索赔期限是指买卖双方在合同中明确规定的索赔期限；法定索赔期限则是指根据有关法律受损害一方有权向违约方要求损害赔偿的期限.自买方实际收到货物之日起两年之内.罚金条款（penalty clause）,也有称为违约金条款（liquidated damage clause）,较多适用于卖方延期交货或买方延期接货或延期付款的场合,它的特点是预先在合同中规定罚金的数额或罚金的百分率.第十八章不可抗力构成不可抗力应当具备以下条件：(1) 时间是在有关合同成立以后发生的；(2) 不是由于任何一方当事人的故意或过失所造成的；(3) 时间的发生及其造成的后果是当事人无法预见、无法控制、无法避免和不可克服的.对于不可抗力的认定必须慎重,并与诸如商品价格波动、汇率变化等正常的贸易风险严格区别开来.第十九章仲裁仲裁（arbitration）是解决对外贸易争议的一种重要方式.它是指买卖双方达成协议,自愿将有关争议交给双方所同意的仲裁机构进行裁决（award）,而这个裁决是终局的,对双方都有约束力,双方必须遵照执行.仲裁裁决一经做出,就具有法律效力,对双方当事人都有约束力,当事人应当自动履行裁决.由于仲裁机构和仲裁员本身无强制执行的权力,如果败诉方拒绝履行,胜诉方可向法院申请强制执行.仲裁协议必须是书面的,它有两种形式：一种是合同中的仲裁条款（arbitration clause）.是指在争议发生之前,合同当事人双方在买卖合同或其他经济合同中订立的仲裁条款.另一种是以其他方式达成的提交仲裁协议（submission agreement；arbitration agreement）,它是指双方当事人订立的提交仲裁的协议.此种仲裁协议可以在争议发生之前达成,也可以在争议发生之后达成.两种形式具有同等的法律效力.第六篇出口交易磋商、合同订立和履行第二十章出口交易磋商和合同订立发盘（offer）或发价：像一个或一个以上特定的人提出的订立合同的建议,如果十分确定并且表明发价人在得到接受时承受约束的意旨,即构成发价.构成一项法律上有效的发盘,必须具备以下四个条件：(1) 表明订约意旨(2) 向一个或一个以上特定的人提出(3) 内容十分确定(4) 传达到受盘人。
合同sample-2707
§12结束条款Closing Provisions1．只能以书面形式修改与补充本合同。
本合同的附件为本合同不可分割的一份，与本合同有同等效力。
主合同与附件约定不一致的，以附件的约定为准。
1. The Contract shall only be amended or supplemented in writing. The appendix to the Contract shall be an integral part of the Contract, which shall have the same legal effect as the Contract. If there is any discrepancy between the main body of the Contract and the Appendix, the provisions under the Appendix shall prevail.2．如果本经销合同某个条款无效，不影响其它条款的法律效力。
同理，如果本经销合同某个条款存有瑕疵，不影响其它条款的法律效力。
2. If a certain provision under the Distribution Contract is found invalid, thelegal effect of the remaining provisions shall not be affected. Similarly, if a certain provision under the Distribution Contract is found defective, the legal effect of the remaining provisions shall not be affected.3．本经销合同的某个无效条款或瑕疵条款，将自动首先由有利于实现本经销合同目的的有效条款代替。
(完整版)经销商协议Distribution-Agreement
Distribution Agreement经销合作协议Contract No.：合同编号：This Agreement is made on __________, 200 _ (the “Effective Date”) by and between: , a company duly incorporated under the laws of the Pepole’s Republic of China, with its principal office at , Guangdong, China,(hereinafter referred to as “Supplier”)and_____ , a company duly incorporated under the laws of ____, with its principal office at_________________________ (hereinafter referred to as “Distributor”).本协议于200 年月日签署并生效，协议双方为：甲方：，一家依据中华人民共和国法律设立存续的企业，主要营业地址位于（以下称为“供货商”）；乙方：：，一家依据法律设立存续的企业，主要营业地址位于（以下称为“经销商”）。
WHERE AS, Supplier is in the business of designing, developing, manufacturing, marketing and selling LED lighting products (“Products”). Supplier wishes to engage and sell to Distributor, and Distributor agrees to the engagement and to purchase from Supplier and promote, market and sell Products in the territory specified herein.鉴于，甲方为一家集LED照明产品的研发、设计、生产制及销售于一体的企业，且希望与乙方建立合作关系并销售产品予乙方，同时乙方同意与甲方建立合作关系并从甲方购买产品在本协议所指定的区域内开展销售、推广业务活动。
sample contract 合同范文(购买、出售)
SALE/PURCHASE CONTRACTDate: Contract No.:The Buyers ：The Sellers：Address：Address：Post Code：Post Code：TEL：TEL：FAX：FAX：Contact Person：Contact Person：This contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers; whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned goods subject to the terms and conditions as stipulated hereinafter:(1) Name of Commodity：(2) Quantity:(3) Unit price:(4) Total Value:(5) Packing:(6) Country of Origin :(7) Terms of Payment:(8) insurance:(9) Time of Shipment:(10) Port of Lading:(11) Port of Destination:(12) Claims:Within 45 days after the arrival of the goods at the destination, should the quality, Specifications or quantity be found not in conformity with the stipulations of the contract except those claims for which the insurance company or the owners of the vessel are liable, the Buyers shall, have the right on the strength of the inspection certificate issued by the C.C.I.C and the relative documents to claim for compensation to the Sellers(13) Force Majeure :The sellers shall not be held responsible for the delay in shipment or non-deli-very of the goods due to Force Majeure, which might occur during the process of manufacturing or in the course of loading or transit. The sellers shall advise the Buyers immediately of the occurrence mentioned above the within fourteen days there after . the Sellers shall send by airmail to the Buyers for their acceptancea certificate of the accident. Under suchcircumstances the Sellers, however, are still under the obligation to take all necessary measures to hasten the deliveryof the goods.(14）Arbitration :All disputes in connection with the execution of this Contract shall be settled friendly through negotiation. in case no settlement can be reached, the case then may be submitted for arbitration to the Arbitration Commission of the China Council for the Promotion of International Trade in accordance with the Provisional Rules of Procedure promulgated by the said Arbitration Commission . the Arbitration committee shall be final and binding upon both parties. and the Arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing parties.The buyers：The sellers：Signature: Signature:Date: Date:。
贸易实务复习资料整理
重点名词1. 发盘(Offer)：又称发价、报价、报盘，是指交易一方（发盘人）向另一方（收盘人）提出各项交易条件，并愿意按照这些条件达成交易订立合同的一种肯定的表示。
2.逾期接受：是指受盘人的接受通知到达发盘人的时间已经超过了发盘规定的有效期，或在发盘未规定有效期时，已超过了合理的时间。
3. 公量（Conditioned Weight）：指先用科学的方法从产品中抽出所含的实际水分，然后加入标准水分而求得的重量。
Δ4. 中性包装（Neutral Packing）：是指在商品或包装上不注明生产国别的包装。
Δ5.提单(B/L):是船方或其代理接管承运货物或货物装船后签发给托运人的货物单据，以及承运人据以保证交付货物的单据。
6.过期提单（Stale B/L）：信用证项下，是指错过规定的交单日期或者晚于货物到达目的港的提单。
7.班轮运输(liner shipping): 又称定期船运输，他是在固定的航线上和港口间，按照事先公布的航期表航行，从事运输业务并按事先公布的费率收取运费的一种运输方式。
8. 推定全损（Constructive Total Loss）：有残值，但修复费用加运至目的地，所支付费用之和等于或超过货物原值。
9. 共同海损（General Average , G.A.）:是指载货船舶在海运途中遭到自然灾害或意外事故，船长为解除船与货的共同危险或航程得以继续，有意而合理地做出的特殊牺牲；或采取合理救难措施而引起的特殊损失和合理的额外费用。
۞10. 仓至仓条款（Warehouse to warehouse）：是指保险人的承保责任从被保险货物运离保险单所载明的起运地发货人仓库开始，直至该项货物被运抵保险单所载明的目的地收货人仓库为止。
۞11. 贸易术语（trade terms）：是指由三个英文字母组成的，用以表明货物的单价构成和买卖双方各自承担的责任、费用与风险划分。
12. 汇票（Bill of Exchange ,Draft, B/E）：一个向另一个人签发的，要求即期或定期或在可以确定的将来时间，对某人或其指定人或持票人支付一定金额的无条件书面支付命令。
contract公式(一)
contract公式(一)Contract公式1. 简介Contract公式是一种用于规范和约束双方合作关系的公式化表达方法。
它通常用于商业合同、雇佣协议等文件中，以明确各方的权益和责任，并在合作过程中提供法律保障。
下面列举了一些常见的Contract公式及其解释。
2. 公式示例NDA公式•NDA全称为“Non-Disclosure Agreement”，即保密协议。
它是一种合同，规定了双方在合作过程中的保密义务。
NDA公式：Confidentiality = Disclosing Part y + Receiving Party–Confidentiality（保密性）：合作双方对信息保密的共同约定。
–Disclosing Party（披露方）：提供机密信息的一方。
–Receiving Party（接收方）：接收并使用机密信息的一方。
示例解释：公司A与公司B签订了NDA协议，公司A作为Disclosing Party，公司B作为Receiving Party，双方约定在合作过程中对机密信息保密不泄露。
SLA公式•SLA全称为“Service Level Agreement”，即服务级别协议。
它是一种合同，约定了服务提供商应提供的服务水平和受益方应享有的权益。
SLA公式：Service Level = Service Provider + Customer–Service Level（服务水平）：服务提供商应履行的服务标准。
–Service Provider（服务提供商）：向受益方提供服务的一方。
–Customer（受益方）：享有服务权益的一方。
示例解释：电信公司为企业客户提供了SLA协议，电信公司作为Service Provider，企业客户作为Customer，双方约定了电信服务的稳定性、速度和可用性等服务水平标准。
ESA公式•ESA全称为“Employment Service Agreement”，即雇佣协议。
样品单英文合同范本
样品单英文合同范本Sample Order ContractPARTIES INFORMATIONBuyer: (详细买方信息)Address: (买方地址)Contact Person: (联系人)Contact Information: (联系电话、等)Seller: (详细卖方信息)Address: (卖方地址)Contact Person: (联系人)Contact Information: (联系电话、等)DETLS OF THE GOODSProduct Name: (产品名称)Specification: (具体规格描述)Quantity: (数量)Unit Price: (单价)Total Price: (总价)DELIVERY TERMSDelivery Time: (约定的交货时间)Delivery Place: (交货地点)Shipping Method: (运输方式)PAYMENT TERMSPayment Method: (支付方式，如信用证、电汇等)Payment Deadline: (付款截止日期)QUALITY AND WARRANTYThe Seller warrants that the goods delivered shall meet the agreed quality standards. In case of any quality issues within the warranty period, the Seller shall be responsible for repr or replacement at no cost to the Buyer.INSPECTION AND ACCEPTANCEThe Buyer has the right to inspect the goods upon receipt. If there are any discrepancies or non-conformities, the Buyer shall notify the Seller within a specified time period for resolution.CONFIDENTIALITYBoth parties shall keep all the information and detls related to this contract confidential and shall not disclose them to any third party without the prior written consent of the other party.DISPUTE RESOLUTIONIn case of any disputes arising from this contract, the parties shall attempt to resolve through amicable negotiation. If negotiation fls, the dispute shall be submitted to the relevant arbitration institution for arbitration in accordance with its rules.ENTIRE AGREEMENTThis contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and supersedes all prior oral or written agreements and understandings related to the subject matter of this contract.Both parties have signed this contract in duplicate, with each party holding one copy.Buyer: (买方签字盖章)Date: (签字日期)Seller: (卖方签字盖章)Date: (签字日期)。
英文合约的种类
英文合约的种类一般而言，合约不外乎人、事、时、地、物五大要素，如果一份文件已包括了这五项要素且经签署生效，那么这份文件应该就已具有合约的特性，至于该文件如何约束双方的权利义务，则要视其各项条款的遣词用字而定。
为了标明文件的功能，大部份的英文文件会在第一页或文件起始处加上名称，例如Business Plan（营业计画书，非合约），Investment Proposal（投资说明书，非合约），Minutes of Board （董事会议事录，非合约），License Agreement（授权合约）等等。
适当的文件名称通常也可以帮助我们判断其是否属于英文合约，以及该合约的类型。
常见的英文合约名称类型可分为下列三大类：一、合约书（Contract; Agreement）文件名称若直接标明"Contract"或"Agreement"，则该份文件通常是约束双方权利义务的主要合约本体。
例如在较为复杂的股权买卖交易中，可能包括有许多复杂的合约关系，如股权买卖合约书（Share Purchase Agreement）、出售股权者竞业禁止之同意书（Consent）、优先购买权人之弃权书（Waiver）等。
在阅读整份买卖文件时，我们若要知道双方主要的交易条件，就应从标明为Share Purchase Agreement的文件内来寻找。
二、意愿书（Letter of Intent）文件名称若标明为"Letter of Intent"、"Memorandum of Understanding"（简称MOU；有人翻译为"合作备忘录"），也有的只称为"Memorandum"，通常即为中文所称的"意愿书"。
在架构繁复的合作或交易中，当事人在正式建立合约关系前，需要有许多准备工作。
例如在股权买卖合约订立前，买方可能希望对于公司有更进一步的了解，以便于合约中安排适当条款来保障自己的权益，卖方对买方所提出的种种问题及要求，也需要时间来研究解决。
外贸用语,外贸术语,
above the line （预算中经常收支的）往来账目above the line payments and receipts 预算中经常收支账目acceptable offer 可接受的报价acceptance for honour 代（参加）承兑拒付汇票accepting bank 承兑银行accessory contract (合同附件)从契约accident and indemnity 意外事故及损害赔偿（A.&I.）accommodation bill 通融（汇划）票据account 帐户（A/C 或Acct.）account of 某人帐内（A/O）accounting dollar 记账美元across-the-board tax-cut 全面减税act of God （acte de dieu）天灾actual tare 实际皮重actual weight 实际重量（A/W）ad referendum contract 草约ad valorem (according to value)从价ad valorem import duties 从价进口税additional premium 附加（额外）保费address 地址（Add.）adquate insurance 充分保险adjustment brokerage 历算手续费advanced deposits进口押金制advanced freights 预付运费（A.F.）advancing （价格）趋涨advice of drawing 汇款通知书Aero Insurance Underwriters 空运保险承保人（公司）affirmative covenant 保单aftoad (in transit )路货，在途after date 开汇票日后（a.d.）after service 货品售出后的服务after sight 见票后agency trade 代理贸易agent 代理商( Agt.)aggregate amoount 总金额aggregate to …总合计agreemant of intent 意向协议书air （way）bill of lading 空运提单airway delivery note 空运提货单all risks insurance 全险allowance for damage 货损折旧alongside B/L 靠船边提单ambiguous clause 含义不明条款amendment of contract 修改合同amount 总额amount of insurance in force 现行保险额analysis certificate 化验证明annual closing 年终结算antedate 倒填日期appraisal certificate 评价证明书（使用证明书）appraiser of customs 海关检验人approximate 约计Approxarbitration clause 仲裁条款arrival draft 到货后提示的汇票article 条款Art.Asian dollar 亚洲美元Assessable to tax 应征税的at the market 照市价attachment 附件authority to pay 支付授权书A/Pauthority to purchase 购买授权书A/Paverage 平均average agreement 海损分担协议average distribution clause 海损按比例分担条款average policy 海损保单average statement海损理算书average survey record 海损证明Bbacklog 未交货订单bad cheque 空头支票bail 保证人bancorp(oration) 银行公司bank discount rate 银行贴现率bank rate 银行利率，银行贴现率bank transfer 转账basis （期货和现货之间的差价）基本差价batch number 批号，炉号batch No.bear and bull 买空卖空bear sale 卖空bearish 卖空，行情看跌bilateral central rates 两国货币的双边中心汇率bill after date 开票后bill at sight 即期票据bill at usance 远期汇票bill of exchange 汇票bill of freight 运单bill of lading 提单bill at sight 即期票据bill at usance 远期汇票bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading to a named person 记名提单blank credit 空白式信用汇票（银行间的通融票）blank power of attorney 空白委托书blanket insurance 总保险blocked mark balances 冻结的马克存款blocked money 冻结帐户blocked sterling 冻结的英镑border customhouse 边境关卡both dates included 包括双方日期(B.D.I.)brain drain 智能（人才）外流brain industry 脑力产业branch office 分公司B.O.branded article 商标商品breach of contract 违反合同break 跌价break-up value 资产净值bundle 捆，扎，束，卷，盘Bdl.business day 营业日buying order 购货单buying rate 买入价by separate mail 另邮by way of 经由by –laws 规章，章程，细则，法规Ccalculation unit 核算单位calender year 日历年度call for bid 招标call for funds 招股，集资call loan 活期贷款call rate 活期贷款利率callable in 24 hours 24小时通知付款cancellation clause 撤销条款cancelling former order 撤销前期订货C.F.O. capital equipment 固定设备capital goods 生产资料capital investment 资本投资capital optimum 资本限额capital output ratio 资本产量比car number 车号carbon copy 复写的副本CCcare of 转交c/ocargo list 装货清单cargo single risk certificate 货物单程保险书carload 整车货C.L.carried forward 转下页c/fcarried over 结转下期c.o.carrying vessel 载货船只carry-over rate 转期利率carte blanche (法语)全权委托case number 箱号cash account 现金账目cash against bill of lading 凭提单付现Cash B/L. cash against documents 见单付现C.A.Dcash and carry 现金交易cash market 现货市场cash on delivery 交货付款C.O.D.cash payment 现金支付cash sales 现金销售cash with order 订购即付C.W.O.cast number 浇铸号cast No.casualty insurance 意外事故保险catalog price 商品目录价格catalogue 目录Catal.caveat emptor （拉丁）货物出门概不退换ceiling price 最高限价certificate 证明certificate of competency 能力证明certificate of conformity 合格证certificate of delivery 交货证明书C/D certificate of importation 进口证明书certificate of incorporation 注册（登记）证明书certificate of inspection 检查证明书certificate of insurance 保险证明书C/I certificate of intention 意愿证明书certificate of loss 残损证书certificate of manufacturer 制造厂证书certificate of origin 产地证书c/ocertificate of quality 质量证明certificate of reasonable doubt 合格质疑证书certificate of receipt 收据certificate of service 劳务证书certificate of soundess 合格证书certificate of protest 抗辩证明ceteris paribus （拉丁）其他数值不变chains 联营公司change of title 权利人名义改变charge d’affaires ad interim (法)临时代办charge d’affaires en titre （法）代办charter party 租船合约C.P.chartered bank 特许银行cheap money policy 低息贷款政策check without funds 空头支票citizenship papers 公民证书civi engineering contractor 工程承保人claim indemnity 索赔clerical error 笔误close down 关闭，倒闭co-insurance 联合保险commerical counsellor 商务参赞commerical paper 商业票据commission (fee) 佣金，代理费commission charge 手续费commission house 代办行commodity inspection certificate 商业检验证明common law 习惯法，不成文法company 公司Co.Company Limited 有限公司Co.Ltd. comparative advantage 相对优势，相对利益comparative price 比价compensation trade 补偿贸易competent主管单位批准complementary 补充协定complete sets of equipment 成套设备conditioning certificate 条件证书confidential communications 秘密往来信件confiscation 没收conjuncture 行情consideration for the protection 保护价格consignment note 委托书，运单construction 结构container 集装箱continuation clause 延期条款C.C. contraband 违禁品，禁运品，走私contraband traffic 走私，漏税contract 合同Cont.contract number 合同号Cont. No. contractual joint venture 契约式合资企业conversion rate 汇率corporate body 法人correspond bank 代理银行correspondment bank 关系银行cost and freight 成本加运费=离岸加运费价C&Fcost and freight free out 成本加运费船方不负担卸货费用C&F FO cost,insurance and freight 成本加保险费运费=到岸价= C.I.F.cost of money 贷款利率cost-plus pricing 成本加成定价counter sample 对等货样，回样counterfoil （支票等的）票根，存根country of destination 目的国country of orgin 原产国credit card 信用卡credit line 信贷限额credit sales 赊销credit transaction 赊购交易creditor coutry 债权国criminal law 刑法cross rate 套汇率current exchenge system 现行外汇制度current market price 市场现行价custom house administration 海关总署custom of foreign trade 对外贸易惯例customs area 关境customs declaration 报关单damage assumption clause 损害承担条款Ddate 数据date forwarddate for delivery 交货日期date of draft 出票日期days after acceptance 承兑后日期d/a…days after sight 见票…天付款days of grace 宽限日期dead frieht 空仓费dead weight 总载重量dear money 高息资金debtor country 债务国declaration 宣言，（海关）申报declared value 申报价值deferred payment 延期付款，赊账deflator 通货膨胀扣除率delay clause 延迟条款delivered free at …在…处交货delivery at port of shipment 起运港交货价delivery at seller’s option 交货日期卖方选择delivery order 出货单，栈单D/Odelivery period 交货期限delivery receipt 送货回单delivery time交货时间d.t.demand bill 见票即付票据demand draft 即期汇票D/Ddepreciation rate 折旧率depth 深度，进深度，厚宽度D.description 说明书destination 目的地Destndetail 明细表determine （合同）终止，确定devaluation of dollar 美元贬值devation clause 绕航条款D/Cdiameter 直径Dia.dimension 尺寸Dim.diplomatic privileges and immunities 外交特权与豁免权direct bill of lading 直接提单directories 公司行名录dirty bill of lading 不洁提单discount rate 贴现率dockage/ wharfage 码头捐documents of value 有价证券dollar gap 美元短缺dollar glut 美元过剩dollar shortage 美元荒dossier 记录文件，卷宗draw by lot 抽签draw on the International Monetary Fund 向国际货币基金组织提款draw on the reserves 动用储备drawee 受票人drawer 出票人drum 桶，卷（盘）Dr.due date 到期日duplicate 副本dupl.duplicate certificate 对账回单证书（副本证书）duplicate sample 复样durables 耐用品duty-free article 免税物品duty-free entry 免税进口Eearnest (money ) 保证金，定金，押金econometric model 计量经济模式econometrics 计量经济学enclosure 附件Encl.endorsement in full 正式背书entrance vise 入境签证errors and omissions 误差和漏算errors and omissions excepted 差错待查E&O.E 或EOE estimated budget 概算Euro-dollar 欧洲美元Euromark 欧洲马克exchange at equal value 等价交换exchange at unequal value 不等价交换exchange control 外汇管理exempt from taxation 免税ex factory 工厂交货价ex quay 码头交货价ex warehouse 仓库交货价exit vise 出境签证extended facility 中期贷款extension 延期Fface value 票面价值factor 代销商，代理商factoring 批发交易，贷款保收factors act 代销法案fail to deliever goods at the time stipulated 不如期交货fair average qulity 良好平均品质FAQfair quality 中等质量fancy price 不合理价格favourable trade balance 贸易顺差，出超feasibility study 可行性研究fee of sample 样品费financial company 金融公司financial year 财政年度fine rate 最优惠贴现率fire policy 火险保单 f.p.first come,first sold 谁先来，谁先卖fiscal year 财政（会计）年度fixed capital investment 固定资本投资fixture 过时货flat rate 统一价floating exchange rate 浮动汇率floor 最低限价，汇价下限foreign affiliates 外国子公司foreign commercial policy 对外贸易政策foreign exchange 外汇foreign exchange control 外汇管制Foreign Quarantine Regulation 进口检疫规章formal law 成文法formality 手续，合法程序forward business 期货交易forward contract 远期合同forward delievery 远期交货forward rate 远期汇率forward sale 预售foul bill of lading 不洁提单franchise 特许，特约代理权，免赔，免税，品质公差特损免责条款frank 邮资先付，免费邮寄free alongside 船边交货价FASfree convertibility(of the dollar for gold ) (美元)自由兑换黄金free exchange 自由贸易（汇兑）free in 船方不负责装货费用FIfree in and out 船方不负担装卸费用FIOfree list 免税商品单free of all average 一切海损均不赔偿F.A.A.free of general average 共同海损不赔 F.G.A.free on board 离岸价（船上交货）FOBfree on board stowed 离岸价包括理舱费FOB stowedfree on board stowed and trimmed 离岸价包括理舱费和平仓费FOB stowed and trimmed free on board unstowed 离岸价不包括理舱费FOB unstowedfree on plane 飞机上交货价F.O.P.free on truck 敞车上交货F.O.T.free out 船方不负担卸货费用FOfree overside ship 目的港船边交货价 F.O.S.freezing of prices 价格冻结freight 运费Frt .freight forwarder 运输代理行full discretionary power 空白授权书full special endorsements 全衔背书full set of bill of lading 整套提单futures market 期货市场Ggarment trade 服装贸易general average contribution 共同海损分担general ledger 总账general list 总清单general merchandise 杂货Generalized System of Tariff Preferences 普遍优惠制GSTPgive notice of termination 预先通知give three days’termination 提前三天通知glut 供过于求，供应过剩，饱食gold parity of the U.S.dollar 美元和黄金的比价gold standard 金本位goods on the spot 现货grade 等级gd.grade of steel 钢号gd. of S.greenback 美钞Greenwich mean time 格林尼治时间G.M.T. gross for net 毛作净重Gr. for netgross for net weight 以毛作净gross tonnage 总吨位总吨位gross weight 毛重Gr. 或Gr. Wt.Guaranty 保证guar.Hhandling charges 管理费用，手续费harbour dues 港口税，入港税hard goods 耐用品hauler 承运人head office 总公司H.O.Health and Sanitary Regulation 卫生检疫规定heat number 熔炼炉号Heat No.high priced 价格昂贵high seas 公海homeward freight 回程运费honour agreement 承兑协议horizontal organization 横向联合组织hospitality requirement 招待费hyperinflation 恶性通货膨胀Iilliquidity 非兑现性immediate delivery 立即交货immunity and privilege 豁免权和特权implied agreement 默示协议import permit 进口许可证impost bureau 税务局improper packing 包装不良improvement trade 加工贸易in bond 存海关关栈，海关仓库交货价in duplicate (triplicate) 一式两（三）份in kind 以实物in our favor 以我方为抬头indemnity 罚金，赔款indent 订单ind.Indent number 订单号Ind. No.indicator 经济统计数字indirect transit trade 间接转口贸易industrials 工业股票industrials average 工业股平均价格指数inferior quality 低档infringement 违章inland place of discharge 内陆卸货地点inner packing 内包装inpayment 订金inside diameter 内径IDinside dimensions 内部尺寸IDinsolvency 无力偿还，倒账inspection certificate 检查证明inspector(s) 鉴定者instructions for use 使用说明书insurance 保险ins.insurance claim 保险索赔insurance indemnity 保险赔偿insurance policy 保险单insurance premiums 保险费intangible assets 无形资产（专利权，商誉等）integrated project 综合计划（项目）intensive investment 集约投资intention 内延型，集约型，inter nos （拉丁）在我们之间，不得外传inter se (拉丁) 在他们之间intermediary trade 中间贸易intermediate credit 中期信贸international fairs 国际博览会international law 国际法International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织IMFInternational Organization for Standards 国际标准化组织ISOInternational Rules for the Interpretaion of Trade Terms 国际贸易条件解释通则Incoterms invitation to bid 招标invitation to tender 招标invoice 发票inv.invoice number 发票号Inv. No.ipso facto （拉丁）根据事实本身issuing of bill of lading 出具提单item number 项次号，项目号Item No.itemized invoice 详细发票Jjob lot 成批出售joint enterprises 联合（合营）企业joint stock enterprise 合股公司joint venture 合营，合资经营junk 旧货jus cogens （拉丁）强制性法规jus legitimum （拉丁）合法权利Kkeelage 入港税Keep Off 不保此物K.O.key money 消费kick-back 回扣，佣金，酬金know-why 技术知识的原理Llable 标签labour intensive 劳动密集型landing certificate for bonded goods 关栈卸货证明书latent defect clause in bill of lading 提单上的潜在缺陷条款law of nations 国际法lay days time 装卸（受载）期限lease agreement 租赁协议legal competency 合法权力，法定资格lessee company 租赁公司letter of credit 信用证L/Cletter of guarantee 信用保证书L/Gletter of intent 意向书liability for maintanance 维修义务licence holder 许可证执有人licencee 特许权受让人licensee 引进方，接收人，许可证买方，购证人licensor 输出方，许可方，许可证卖方，售证人life of a loan 借款期限life of contract 合同有效期lift-on/lift off system 吊上吊下法，吊装法LO/LO lighter （装卸货物用的）驳船lighterage 驳船费lighterage free 不负责驳船费limited 有限（股份）Ltd.liquidity （国际）支付手段，清偿能力，流动性list of prices 牌价表Lloyd’s average bond 劳氏海损契约Lloyd’s certificate 劳氏证明loading list （集装箱）装货清单lobster shift 午夜班lodge (make) a claim 索赔long ton (Imperial ton) 长吨（英吨）=1017.05kglong-term trade agreements 长期贸易协定lot number 批号Lot. No.low grade 低档magna negligentia （拉丁）重大过失Mmail transfer 信汇M/Tmail-order selling 邮购销售sale on trial 试卖，试销sales by sample 凭样品买卖sales contract 售货合同sample 货样seaworthy packing 适航包装secondary industry 二次产业，第二产业securities 有价证券sell at a loss 折本出售sell by auction 拍卖sell by retail 零售sell by wholesale 批发sell short 卖空semi-manufacture 半制成品semi-turn-key 半成套项目serial number 序列号Ser. No.set 套，组，台set of bill of lading 整套提单set price 订定价格shipbroker 海运经纪人shipowner 船主，船东shipper 托运人shipping mark 发货标记S.M.shipping note 装船通知S/Nshipping order 装货单S/Oshipping weight 出运重量S/W , SWshort delivery 短交short form of bill of lading 简式提单short of cash 现金短缺short ton =U.S. ton 短吨=美吨=907.2kg=sh.tn.=U.S. tn. short weight 缺（重）量shortage 缺额shorts 空头short-term notes 短期票据show-how 技术示范sigh bill 见票即付汇票simple licence 普通许可证sine die (拉丁)不定期，无限期sine qua non （拉丁）必要条件，必具备资格single trip certificate 单程凭证sluggish sales 滞销slump 暴跌，衰退，不景气，萧条soft goods 非耐用品solvency 清偿（支付）能力special delivery 特殊交运specific licence 特定（特种进口）许可证specification 规范，规格，详细说明Spec.specimen copy 样本speculator 投机者，投机商spoilage rate 废品率spot 现货，即期外汇spot transactions 现货交易spread 扩展，幅度，差距stale bill of lading 过期提单stamp duty 印花税standard 标准Std. 或Stand.Standard International Trade Classification 国际贸易分类标准SITC standard specification 标准说明书stand-by agreement 支持协定stated price 规定价格statute law 成文法steaming goods 转口（过境）货物steamship 整齐机船SS或S/Ssticker 过时货，滞销货stock in (on) hand 现货stock –sheet 存货清单stop order 停止订单straight bill of lading 记名提单stuffing material （集装箱）装填材料subcontractor 分包商subject to approval 须经批准s/asubject to immediate reply 立即回答生效s.t.i.r.subject to our final confirmation 以我方最后确认为准sublet number 副约号Sublet No.subsidiaries 子公司subsidiary money 辅币substantive issue 实质性恩替substantive law 实体法sub-total 小计suit 起诉sum total总额sandry charges 杂费superior quality 优质supplementary agreement 附加协定supplier 供货人，供应人supply in full sets of 成套供应surcharge 附加税费，超载surcharge extraordinary 特别附加费suretyship contract 担保合同surrender of the policy 交付保单surveyor of the technical inspection技术鉴定者survayor of customs 海关检验人switch operations 转手贸易Ttab 账单tacit agreement 默契tag 标签，标记tale quale (拉丁)按（商品）现状talon 存根，单据，票券tare 皮重Tr.target date 计算（商定）日期tariff schedule 税则，税率表tax year 财政年度tax-free 已付税technical assistance or technical consulting agreement 技术援助和技术咨询协议technical certificate 技术证明书technical manual 技术规范，技术手册technical order 技术指导technical regulation 技术规程technical specification 技术说明书，技术规范technical visa 技术签证technocrat 科技人员出身的行政官员telegram 电报tgm .telegram to be delivered at once 即送电报Nuittelegram to follow 随后电告F.S.telegram with notice of delivery by telegragh 电报通知交货telegraphic address 电报地址T.A.telegraphic transfer 电汇T/Tteleprint 电传telex 用户电报，电报用户直通电路tender 投标，认购tender invitation 招标tenderee 招标人tenderer 投标人term of payment 付款（支付）条件term of shipment 装运条件terms of delivery 交货条件tertiary industrial sectors 三次（第三）产业部门test certificate 文本证书（检验证书）test conditon 试验条件test data 试验数据test number 试验号Test No.test piece number 试样号，试件号Test pc No.test result 试验结果testing certificate 检验证明third party gurantee 第三方担保this side up 此面向上three-cornered trade 三角贸易treshold price 入门（起码）价格through bill of lading 联运提单tied list 易货货单tie-in sale 搭卖（搭配别种商品）till countermanded 直至取消T/Ctime letter of credit 远期信用证time of delivery 交货时间time of discharging 卸货时间time of payment 支付期限time of shipment 装船期，装运期time policy 定期保险单titre （法）（金银币）成色token delivery 象征性交货tolerance 或franchise 品质公差tonne =metric ton =mt . = M/T=t . =1000kgtotal loss only 全损险，单独海损亦赔T.L .O .total price 总价total quality control 全面质量管理TQCtrade deflection 贸易转销trade diversion 贸易转移trade protocol 贸易议定书transfer of advanced technology embodied in product 产品先进技术的转让transfer price 内部调拨价格transferable sterling 可转账英镑transferee 受让人transferor 转让人transhipment not allowed 不允许转船transit 过境，过境运输transit port 转口港transnational corporations 跨国公司transport charges 运费transport contractor 承运人tripartite 三方triplicate 第三副本truck 物物交换truckage 卡车运输trustee 受托人turn-key 成套项目（交钥匙方式）two-tier exchange rate 双重汇率type sample 标准样品Uultra vires (拉丁) 不在法律范围以内under separate cover 另寄underpriced 价格偏低underwriting price 认购价unequal value interchange 不等价交换unfavourable balance 逆差unfilled order 未交货订货uniform B/L 统一提单unilateral agreement 单边协定unit contract price 合同单价unit price 单价unitized cargo 成组货载（货运），单位化货物unloading certificate 卸货证书unspent balance 未使用的余额unvalued policy 预约保单Vvalue as in original policy 原保单价值V.O.P value as on …(the date )按…(日期)的价值计算value date 订值（起息）日期value engineering 价值工程value in use 使用价值value of exports 出口额value of shipment 装运总值valued policy 保额确定保单（定值保单）venue 指明诉讼在何国进行的条款verbal agreement 口头协议verbal understanding 口头谅解version 译文，文本violation of contract 违反合同vise a passport 签证护照volume of business 营业额，交易量vulnerable products 敏感产品Wwages in kind 实物工资waiting charges 待时费waive exchange,if necessary 必要时可免予交换W.E.N. waiver clause 放弃条款warehouse receipt 仓单W/Rwaybill 运货单weather working day(s) 晴天工作日W.W.Dweight 重量Wt.weight or measurement 按重量或体积计收W/M weighted average 加权平均数welsh mortgage 抵押品welshing 赖账wharfage 码头设备，码头费white goods 家用电器white paper 白皮书wholesale delivery 整批（批发）交货wholesale market price 市场批发价width 宽度，阔Wwindmill 通融票据with average 海损险with particular average 单独海损险with recourse 有追索权withdrawable on demand 即可付款without recourse 不受追索，无追索权wording 措辞working capital 运转（周转）资本，流动资金working funds 流动资金working on rule 怠工working under capacity 开工不足work’s inspection certificate 工厂检查证明书worthless check 空头支票writ 正式证明write-off 摊提，购销，销账Yyear under review 本年yield net 纯收益Zzero growth 零增长zero hour 开始（决定性）时刻，紧急关头Zollverein (德)关税同盟包装外表标志bottom 下端，底部care 小心Don’t cast . 勿掷fragile 易碎Handle with care.小心装卸；小心搬运inflammable 易燃物，怕火Keep dry . 保持干燥Keep in a cool place .Keep in a dry place.Keep upright .勿倒置Not to be tipped.勿倾倒To be protected from cold.怕冷To be protected from heat .top 顶端，上部Use rollers. 在滚子上移动。
赠与合同英文
赠与合同英文篇一：合同翻译常用词汇合同翻译常用句型和词汇This contract is made in two originals 此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正that should be held by each party. 本。
What is left unmentioned in contract may 本合同未尽事宜，可由双方增补作be added there as an appendix. 为合同附件。
The Contract is written in quadruplicate 本合同一式四份（正副本各两份）自签署后生效which shall become valid on the date ofsignature.This Contract is executed in two 本合同为中英文两种文本，两种文counterparts each in Chinese and English, 本具有同等效力。
本合同一式两each of which shall be deemed equally 份。
自双方签字（盖章）之日起生authentic. This contract is in 2 copies 效。
effective since being signed/sealed byboth parties.This contract is made by and between the 本合同由买卖双方签订，根据本合buyers and sellers，whereby the buyers 同条款，买方同意购买，卖方同意agree to buy and the sellers agree to sell 出售以下产品。
the under-mentioned commoditiesaccording to the terms and conditionsstipulated below.买方buyer卖方seller项目名称Project name地址address电话phone传真fax联系人contact person1. 详细货物清单Detail supply list2. 合同价格Contract value序号item 型号model 尺寸size，dimension 数量amount，unit 单价unit price 总价total price 备注remark 货物，运费freight，transportation 合同总额（含安装费与税金）Contract amount incl. V AT & installation3. 付款条件payment conditions，payment terms4. 交货地点delivery place5. 发货期delivery time6. 安装条款installation clause7. 验收条款inspection clause8. 保证条款guarantee clause9. 不可抗拒条款Force Majeure Clause10. 违约条款Breach clause11. 其他条款Miscellaneous clause12. 买卖双方信息buyer and seller informationa long-term contract 长期合同a short-term contract 短期合同completion of contract 完成合同contract for future delivery 期货合同contract for goods 订货合同contract for purchase 采购合同contract for service 劳务合同labor contract 劳动合同contract note 买卖合同（证书）contract of arbitration 仲裁合同contract of carriage /Carriage Contract运输合同Passenger Carriage Contract 客运合同Cargo Carriage Contract 货运合同Technology Contract 技术合同Technology Development Contract技术开发合同Technology Transfer Contract技术转让合同Technical Consulting Contract技术咨询合同Technical Service Contract技术服务合同Safekeeping Contract 保管合同Warehousing Contract 仓储合同Agency Appointment Contract 委托合同Trading-Trust Contract 行纪合同Brokerage Contract 居间合同Multi-modal Carriage Contract多式联运合同contract of employment 雇佣合同contract of insurance 保险合同contract of sale 销售合同Sales Contract 买卖合同Contract for Supply of Power, Water, Gas , Or Heat同Gift Contract 赠与合同Contract for Loan of Money 借款合同Leasing Contract 租赁合同Financial Leasing Contract 融资租赁合同供电、水、气、热合Contracts of Hired Work 承揽合同Contracts for Construction Project 建设工程合同contract life 合同有效期a nice fat contract 一个很有利的合同a written contract 书面合同an executor contract 尚待执行的合同breach of contract 违反合同cancellation of contract 撤消合同contract parties 合同当事人contract period 合同期限contract price 合约价格contract provisions/stipulations 合同规定contract sales 订约销售contract terms 合同条款contract wages 合同工资contract 合同，订立合同contractor 订约人，承包人contractual claim 根据合同的债权contractual damages 合同引起的损害contractual dispute 合同上的争议contractual guarantee 合同规定的担保contractual income 合同收入contractual liability/obligation 合同规定的义务contractual practice/usage 合同惯例contractual specifications 合同规定contractual terms & conditions 合同条款和条件contractual 合同的，契约的contractual-joint-venture 合作经营，契约式联合经营copies of the contract 合同副originals of the contract 合同正execution of contract/performance of contract 履行合同expiration of contract 合同期满interpretation of contract 解释合同renewal of contract 合同的续订此合同一式二份，由双方各持一正本。
英文经销授权合同范本
英文经销授权合同范本Distribution Authorization ContractThis Distribution Authorization Contract (the "Contract") is made and entered into as of [date] (the "Effective Date"), and between:Party A:Name: [Company Name of the Manufacturer/Supplier]Address: [Address of the Manufacturer/Supplier]Contact Person: [Contact Person's Name]Telephone Number: [Telephone Number]Fax Number: [Fax Number]E: [E Address]Party B:Name: [Company Name of the Distributor]Address: [Address of the Distributor]Contact Person: [Contact Person's Name]Telephone Number: [Telephone Number]Fax Number: [Fax Number]E: [E Address]WHEREAS, Party A is engaged in the manufacture and supply of [Product Name] (the "Products") and desires to appoint Party B as a distributor of the Products in the territory specified below; andWHEREAS, Party B is willing to act as a distributor of the Products on the terms and conditions set forth in this Contract.NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contned herein, the parties agree as follows:1. AppointmentParty A here appoints Party B as its exclusive distributor of the Products in the territory of [Territory Name] (the "Territory") for a period of [Duration] (the "Term") mencing on the Effective Date. Party B accepts such appointment and agrees to use its best efforts to promote and sell the Products in the Territory.2. ProductsThe Products covered this Contract are [Describe the Products in Detl, Including Model Numbers, Specifications, etc.]. Party A reserves the right to modify the Products or introduce new products at its sole discretion, provided that such modifications or new products shall be subject to the terms and conditions of this Contract.3. Purchase and SaleParty B shall place orders for the Products with Party A in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Contract. Party A shall supply the Products to Party B in accordance with the orders placed Party B. The prices of the Products shall be as set forth in the price list attached hereto as Exhibit A (the "Price List"). Party A reserves the right to adjust the prices of the Products from time to time giving written notice to Party B.4. Marketing and PromotionParty B shall use its best efforts to promote and market the Products in the Territory. Party B shall develop and implement a marketing plan for the Products and shall submit such plan to Party A for approval. Party A shall provide Party B with marketing materials and support as reasonably requested Party B.5. Intellectual PropertyParty A owns all intellectual property rights in and to the Products, including but not limited to trademarks, copyrights, and patents. Party B shall not use or reproduce any of Party A's intellectual property rights without the prior written consent of Party A.6. Quality AssuranceParty A shall ensure that the Products ply with the applicable quality standards and specifications. Party B shall inspect the Products upon receipt and shall notify Party A of any defects or non-conformities within [Number of Days] days of receipt. Party A shall replace or repr any defective or non-conforming Products at its own cost.7. ConfidentialityThe parties agree that during the Term of this Contract and for a period of [Number of Years] years after the termination or expiration of this Contract, they shall keep confidential all information relating to the Products, the business of Party A, and this Contract. Neither party shall disclose such information to any third party without the prior written consent of the other party.8. Term and TerminationThis Contract shall mence on the Effective Date and shall continue for the Term. Either party may terminate this Contract upon written notice to the other party in the event of a material breach of this Contract the other party that is not cured within [Number of Days] days of receipt of written notice of such breach. In addition, Party A may terminate this Contract at any time without cause upon giving [Number of Days] days' written notice to Party B.9. IndemnificationParty A shall indemnify and hold Party B harmless from and agnst any and all clms, damages, losses, and expenses (including attorneys' fees) arising out of or in connection with any defect in the Products or any breach of this Contract Party A. Party B shall indemnify and hold Party A harmless from and agnst any and all clms, damages, losses, and expenses (including attorneys' fees) arising out of or in connection with any breach of this Contract Party B or any act or omission of Party B in connection with the promotion, sale, or distribution of the Products.10. Governing Law and Dispute ResolutionThis Contract shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of [Jurisdiction]. Any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Contract shall be resolved through amicable negotiations. If the parties are unable to resolve the dispute through negotiations within [Number of Days] days, the dispute shall be submitted to arbitration in accordance with the rules of the [Arbitration Institution]. The arbitration shall take place in [Arbitration Location] and the language of the arbitration shall be [Language]. The decision of the arbitrator shall be final and binding on the parties.11. Entire AgreementThis Contract constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, whether written or oral, relating to the same subject matter.12. NoticesAll notices, requests, demands, and other munications required or permitted under this Contract shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if delivered personally, sent registered , or sent e to the addresses specified above.IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Contract as of the Effective Date.Party A: [Company Name of the Manufacturer/Supplier]By: [Authorized Signatory's Name]Title: [Title of the Authorized Signatory]Date: [Date]Party B: [Company Name of the Distributor]By: [Authorized Signatory's Name]Title: [Title of the Authorized Signatory]Date: [Date]。
样品单 英文合同范本
样品单英文合同范本SAMPLE ORDER FORMThis Sample Order Form (the "Order") is entered into as of [date], and between [Buyer's Company Name] (the "Buyer") and [Seller's Company Name] (the "Seller").1. GOODS AND SERVICES: The Seller agrees to sell and the Buyer agrees to purchase the following goods and services (the "Goods"): [describe the goods and services in detl]2. PRICE AND TERMS: The total price for the Goods is [amount] (the "Price"). The Buyer shall pay the Price within [number] days of the date of this Order. Payment shall be made [payment method].3. DELIVERY: The Seller shall deliver the Goods to the Buyer at the following address: [address]. The Seller shall use reasonable efforts to deliver the Goods within [number] days of the date of this Order.4. WARRANTIES: The Seller warrants that the Goods will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of [number] months from the date of delivery. If the Goods do bee defective during this warranty period, the Seller will, at its option, repr or replace the defective Goods.5. DISCLMER: EXCEPT FOR THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH ABOVE, THE GOODS ARE PROVIDED "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.6. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: IN NO EVENT SHALL THE SELLER BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS ORDER, EVEN IF THE SELLER HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. THE BUYER'S SOLE REMEDY FOR ANY CLM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS ORDER SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE PRICE OF THE GOODS.7. CONFIDENTIALITY: The Buyer and the Seller shall keep the terms of this Order and any other information relating to the Goods confidential.8. FORCE MAJEURE: Neither party shall be liable for flure or delay in performance of this Order due to causes beyond its reasonable control, including but not limited to acts of God, war, terrorism, riots, embargoes, and natural disasters.9. MODIFICATION: This Order may be modified only a written agreement signed both parties.10. GOVERNING LAW: This Order shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of [jurisdiction].11. ENTIRE AGREEMENT: This Order constitutes the entire agreement between the Buyer and the Seller and supersedes all prior or contemporaneous agreements, representations, and warranties, whether oral or written.BY SIGNING BELOW, THE BUYER AND THE SELLER AGREE TO THE TERMS OF THIS ORDER.Buyer's Signature: [name]Buyer's Company Name: [pany name]Date: [date]Seller's Signature: [name]Seller's Company Name: [pany name]Date: [date]。
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中华全国律师协会路伟国际律师事务所ACLA LovellsACLA-Lovells Contract TemplateDistribution Contract(Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in July 2004. All content involving interpretation of the laws of the People's Republic of China reflects the results of consultation with EastBright Law Firm.)This contract template has been prepared as part of the All China Lawyers Association ("ACLA") - Lovells Legal Skills Training Series ("Training Series"), which have covered skills ranging from contract/memo drafting, commercial negotiation, law firm management and corporate law department management. Since the first ACLA-Lovells Legal Skills Training Seminar in January 2003, more than 2,500 lawyers from law firms and corporate law departments all over China have attended over 250 hours of live training programmes prepared and presented by senior lawyers from Lovells International Law Firm and Chinese legal practitioners.If you have any comments or suggestions regarding this contract template, please contact the two chief instructors of the Training Series: Robert Lewis (Foreign Expert, ACLA Education Committee/Managing Partner, Lovells Beijing) at robert.lewis@; or John Jiang (Director, ACLA-Lovells Legal Skills Training Series/Partner, EastBright) at john.jiang@.For information on DVDs, audio PowerPoint presentations and transcripts of prior ACLA-Lovells training seminars as well as information on future ACLA-Lovells training seminars and similar training products (including additional bilingual standard contract templates), please contact the ACLA Training Department by email at acla@, or cle@.A Microsoft Word version of this template is available together with the audio PowerPoint presentation of "Seminar on Contract and Legal Memo Drafting" on a CD-ROM, published by the All China Lawyer's Association. Please contact the ACLA Training Department by email at acla@, or cle@ for details.Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in中华全国律师协会 路伟国际律师事务所ACLA LovellsPrepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in 2 律协-路伟合同范本系列简介经销合同(英文版本)(此范本文书由路伟律师事务所起草，仅供教学与参考之用，不得解释为法律意见。
所有权利保留。
进一步使用说明，请见文书最后部分的提示与注释。
最后一次更新时间2004年7月。
本文中所有涉及中国法律解释的内容均由东易律师事务所提供咨询。
)本合同范本系列是中华全国律师协会-路伟国际律师事务所法律技能培训项目(“培训项目”)的专题之一。
从2003年1月律协和路伟合作举办第一次法律技能培训班以来，来自全国各地的2500多名律师和企业法律顾问参加了由路伟资深国际律师和中国律师事务所资深律师主讲的250多个课时的培训课程。
培训项目的内容涉及合同/法律咨询文书制作、商业谈判、律师事务所管理以及企业法律部门管理等等。
如果您对本合同范本有任何看法或建议，请通过电子邮件与培训项目的两位主讲律师联系：吕立山(全国律协教育委员会外国专家/路伟律师事务所北京办事处主任) robert.lewis@ 江宪胜(律协-路伟法律技能培训项目专员/东易律师事务所合伙人) john.jiang@本合同范本的Microsoft Word 版本载于中华全国律师协会推出的“合同及法律咨询文书制作培训”录音-幻灯片VCD 光盘。
有兴趣订购者可通过电子邮件与中华全国律师协会培训部联系： acla@; cle@如果您想了解有关律协-路伟培训项目的其他DVD 录像光盘、VCD 录音-幻灯片光盘、授课讲稿，或者即将推出的其他培训专题和培训资料(包括双语合同范本系列的第二期)，可通过上述电子邮件地址与中华全国律师协会培训部联系。
D ATED 200[●][P RODUCT N AME]D ISTRIBUTION C ONTRACT- by and between -[S UPPLIER N AME]S UPPLIER- and -[D ISTRIBUTOR N AME]D ISTRIBUTORPrepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated inT ABLE OF C ONTENTSP RELIMINARY S TATEMENT11.D EFINITIONS AND I NTERPRETATION12.S COPE OF C ONTRACT13.C ONDITIONS OF SALE24.O RDERING25.P ROMOTION26.S TORAGE AND PRODUCT RETRIEVAL37.R EPAIR AND M AINTENANCE S ERVICE38.R EPORTING49.C OMPLIANCE WITH LOCAL LAWS410.I NTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS411.C ONDITIONS P RECEDENT512.R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES513.T ERM514.T ERMINATION615.C ONFIDENTIALITY816.B REACH OF C ONTRACT917.F ORCE M AJEURE918.S ETTLEMENT OF D ISPUTES1019.M ISCELLANEOUS P ROVISIONS12 S CHEDULE A 16 A NNEX 1 19 A NNEX 2 20 A NNEX 3 21 C AVEATS AND D RAFTING N OTES22Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in[P RODUCT N AME]D ISTRIBUTION C ONTRACTT HIS CONTRACT ("Contract") is made in [city and province], China on this [●] day of [●], 200[●] by and between [Supplier name], [Supplier entity form]organized and existing under the laws of [Supplier jurisdiction of incorporation] with its [registered address][principle place of business] at [address] (hereinafter referred to as "Supplier"), and [Distributor name], [Distributor entity form] established and existing under the laws of China, with its [registered address][principle place of business] at [address] (hereinafter referred to as "Distributor"). Distributor and Supplier shall hereinafter be referred to individually as a "Party" and collectively as the "Parties".P RELIMINARY S TATEMENTAfter friendly consultations conducted in accordance with the principles of equality and mutual benefit, the Parties have agreed to enter into a distributorship relationship in accordance with Applicable Laws and the provisions of this Contract.Now the Parties Hereby Agree as Follows:1. D EFINITIONS AND I NTERPRETATIONUnless the terms or context of this Contract otherwise provide, this Contract shall be interpreted in accordance with, and each of the terms used herein shall have the meaning ascribed to it in Schedule A.2. S COPE OF C ONTRACT2.1 Appointment(a) The Supplier hereby appoints Distributor as its [non-]exclusive distributor in theTerritory for the Products listed in Annex 1 to this Contract as may be amended bywritten agreement between Supplier and Distributor from time to time.(b) The Distributor shall purchase all its requirements of the Products from Supplier orits Affiliates during the Term.2.2 Restriction on Sales by SupplierThe Supplier shall not supply the Products in the Territory to any other person during the Term [for resale but Supplier reserves the right to sell the Products direct to end users in the Territory].2.3 Competing ProductsThe Distributor shall not (and shall procure that none of its Affiliates shall) manufacture or sell in the Territory any products that compete with the Products during the Term.2.4 Restrictions on ResaleThe Distributor shall not sell the Products to any person outside the Territory[ or to any person who has the intention to transport the Products outside the Territory].Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in2.5 Minimum Purchases and Stocks(a) The Distributor shall purchase from Supplier at least the minimum quantities of theProducts specified in Annex 1 to this Contract.(b) The Distributor shall at all times during the Term carry the full range of Productsand shall maintain at least [three (3) months] stocks of the Products.2.6 TrainingAt least [two (2)] representatives of Distributor shall attend a training course in the service and repair of the Products at Supplier's place of business, all expenses in connection therewith to be met by the [Supplier except travelling and subsistence expenses] [Distributor].3. C ONDITIONS OF SALE3.1 Sale and Purchase of ProductsThe Supplier shall sell and Distributor shall purchase the Products subject to the conditions of sale set out in Annex 2 to this Contract, which shall be deemed to be incorporated into and form part of this Contract. If there is any conflict or inconsistency between the provisions of Annex 2 and the rest of this Contract, the latter shall prevail.3.2 Distributor's Terms Not ApplicableNeither Distributor's standard conditions of purchase nor any terms or conditions in any order forms or other documents prepared by Distributor shall apply to the sale of the Products by Supplier to Distributor.4. O RDERING4.1 Written OrderThe Distributor shall during the Term submit in writing to Supplier on a monthly basis:(a) firm orders for Products to be supplied within the [two (2) months] following themonth in which the order is submitted; and(b) detailed estimates of its requirements for Products to be supplied in the [four (4)months] thereafter.4.2 Acceptance of OrderThis Contract establishes the framework under which the sale and purchase of Products between Supplier and Distributor will be conducted. However, no rights and obligations for the supply of the Products shall arise between Supplier and Distributor unless and until a firm order has been accepted in writing by Supplier.5. P ROMOTION5.1 Distributor's Best EndeavoursThe Distributor shall, at all times during the term of this Contract, actively promote and use its best endeavours to increase sales of the Products in the Territory and shall not do Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated inanything that may prevent sales or interfere with the development of sales of the Products in the Territory.5.2 Distributor's Promotion ObligationsIn particular (but without limiting the generality of Article 5.1) Distributor shall:(a) employ a sufficient number of adequately trained salesmen, demonstrators andother necessary sales personnel;(b) establish and maintain adequate sales systems, including, by way of example,demonstrations, exhibitions and lectures to interested groups, to deal with therequirements of its customers and potential customers within the Territory;(c) distribute promotional literature about the Products; and(d) exhibit at relevant trade exhibitions.5.3 C onsultation with SupplierThe Distributor shall consult with and obtain the approval of Supplier before advertising or publishing promotional material for the Products [save that nothing in this Article or elsewhere in this Contract shall limit Distributor's freedom to set its own resale prices for the Products].6. S TORAGE AND PRODUCT RECALL6.1 Storage and Transport of ProductsThe Distributor shall store and transport the Products in conditions that will preserve the Products in good condition and will comply with any reasonable requests made by Supplier concerning the conditions in which the Products are to be stored or transported.The Distributor shall permit Supplier or its representatives to inspect Products in its possession from time to time [on reasonable prior [written] notice].6.2 Product RecallIf requested by Supplier, Distributor shall give all reasonable assistance in locating and recovering any defective Products and preventing their sale to third parties and, in particular, shall comply with any product recall procedures adopted by Supplier and shall use its best endeavours to ensure that its customers co-operate in a similar manner.7. R EPAIR AND M AINTENANCE S ERVICE7.1 Provision of ServicesDistributor shall provide repair and maintenance services for the Products to owners and users in the Territory, and Supplier shall provide appropriate support services to Distributor, all in accordance with the terms of support services of Supplier in effect at the time. The current terms of support services of Supplier is attached hereto as Annex 3. Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in7.2 Repairs and Maintenance to ProductsIn order to carry out repairs and maintenance to the Products, Distributor shall employ qualified engineers and shall maintain such repair and service equipment as may reasonably be required by Supplier from time to time.7.3 Sale and Use of Spare PartsSupplier shall sell to Distributor spare parts for the Products in accordance with the conditions of sale set out in Annex 2 hereto. In order to maintain design and quality standards Distributor shall use only spare parts for the Products which are supplied by Supplier or its Affiliates.8. R EPORTINGThe Distributor shall at its own expense provide Supplier [by the end of the first week in each month] with a written report containing such information as Supplier may reasonably require including a report on the quality and performance of goods contained in each shipment and a stock and sales return.9. C OMPLIANCE WITH LOCAL LAWSThe Distributor shall comply with all Applicable Laws existing in the Territory from time to time concerning the Products and shall keep Supplier informed of any relevant changes therein. In particular but without limitation Distributor (i) shall at its own expense obtain all necessary permissions, consents and licences to enable Distributor to market and sell the Products in the Territory; (ii) shall obtain any other governmental or other permission, consent or licence or make any registration necessary for the full and legal operation and performance of this Contract; (iii) shall be responsible for the management of the importation of the Products into the Territory in compliance with Applicable Laws and the payment of all applicable import duties, taxes and other charges, and shall promptly upon Supplier's request provide to Supplier copies of all documents evidencing the same.10. I NTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS10.1 No Distributor EntitlementNothing in this Contract shall entitle the Distributor to any Intellectual Property Rights owned or used by Supplier or any of its Affiliates (the "Supplier's Intellectual Property Rights") or to any goodwill attaching thereto.10.2 Notification of InfringementThe Distributor shall inform Supplier promptly of any potential, threatened, alleged or actual infringement of any of Supplier's Intellectual Property Rights and shall provide all assistance and information required by Supplier in connection with any such infringement and shall, if Supplier so requests, at the expense of Supplier, join in any court or other proceedings relating to such infringement.10.3 No AlterationThe Distributor shall not sell the Products under any other name or mark other than the names or marks used by Supplier in relation to the Products nor remove or obliterate Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated inthose names or marks from the Products nor make any other alteration to the Products or their labelling.11. C ONDITIONS P RECEDENT[insert conditions precedent as appropriate]12. R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES12.1 Distributor's Representations and WarrantiesDistributor represents and warrants to Supplier that on the date hereof [and as of the Effective Date]:(a) it is an independent legal person duly organized, validly existing in goodstanding under the laws of the place of its establishment or incorporation;(b) it has full authority to enter into this Contract and to perform its obligationshereunder;(c) it has authorized its representative to sign this Contract and from and after theEffective Date the provisions of this Contract shall be legally binding upon it;(d) its execution of this Contract and its performance of its obligations hereunder: (i)will not violate any provision of its business license, articles of incorporation,articles of association or similar organizational documents; (ii) will not violateany Applicable Laws or any governmental authorization or approval; and (iii) willnot violate or result in a default under any contract to which it is a party or towhich it is subject;(e) no lawsuit, arbitration or other legal or governmental proceeding is pending or,to its knowledge, threatened against it that would affect its ability to perform itsobligations under this Contract; and(f) it has disclosed to Supplier all documents issued by any governmentaldepartment that may have a material adverse effect on its ability to fully performits obligations under this Contract, and the documents previously provided by itto Supplier do not contain any misstatements or omissions of material facts. 12.2 Consequences of Inaccuracy in Representations and WarrantiesIf any of the above representations and warranties of Distributor are not accurate in all material respects on the date hereof [or the Effective Date], then Distributor shall be in material breach of this Contract.13. T ERM13.1 Initial TermSubject to the provisions of Articles 13.2 and 14.1(b), (c) and (d), the initial term of the Contract shall be [●] years, commencing on the Effective Date.Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in13.2 Extension[Choose one of the following alternatives:Option (1): Automatic Expiration[The Term shall expire automatically on the Expiration Date, unless extended for an additional term of [●] years through a written agreement signed by the authorized representatives of the Parties at least [sixty (60)] days prior to the Expiration Date.]Option (2): Automatic Renewal[On the Expiration Date, the Term shall automatically renew for an additional term of [●] years, unless either Party notifies the other Party of its decision not to renew this Contract through a written notice signed by its authorized representative and delivered to the other Party at least [sixty (60)] days prior to the Expiration Date.]Option (3): [Client] with Option to Renew[[Client] shall have the option to renew this Contract through a written notice signed by its authorized representative and delivered to the other Party at least [sixty (60)] days prior to the Expiration Date. If [Client] fails to exercise its option to renew the Contract, then the Term shall expire automatically on the Expiration Date.]]14. T ERMINATION14.1 Termination of Contract(a) This Contract shall terminate upon the Expiration Date unless extendedpursuant to Article 13.2.(b) This Contract may be terminated at any time prior to Expiration Date by themutual written agreement of the Parties.(c) At any time prior to the Expiration Date, a Party (“Notifying Party”) mayterminate this Contract through notice to the other Party in writing if:(i) the other Party materially breaches this Contract, and such breach isnot cured within the Cure Period granted pursuant to Article 16.1(a); or (ii) the other Party becomes bankrupt, or is the subject of proceedings forliquidation or dissolution, or ceases to carry on business or becomesunable to pay its debts as they come due; or(iii) the conditions or consequences of Force Majeure which have amaterial adverse effect on the affected Party's ability to performcontinue for a period in excess of six (6) months and the Parties havebeen unable to find an equitable solution pursuant to Article 17.2(c)hereof; or(iv) [insert other conditions triggering termination as appropriate]Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in(d) At any time prior to the Expiration Date, in addition to other remedies availableto it under Applicable Laws and other provisions of this Contract, Supplier mayterminate this Contract immediately through notice to Distributor in writing if:(i) Distributor fails to observe Articles 2.3 (Competing Products), 2.4(Restrictions on Resale) and 2.5 (Minimum Purchases and Stocks);(ii) ownership or control of Distributor is acquired by a person, firm orcompany that manufactures or sells (directly or through its Affiliates)products that compete with the Products [or there is any other materialchange in the ownership of Distributor that Supplier considers to bedetrimental to its interests]; or(iii) Distributor infringes any of Supplier's Intellectual Property Rights,including its failure to observe Article 10 (Intellectual Property).14.2 No CompensationThe Distributor shall not be entitled to any compensation whatsoever as a result of Supplier's termination of this Contract in accordance with this Article 14.14.3 Effects of TerminationUpon termination of this Contract:(a)any stocks of the Products in saleable condition and in the possession ofDistributor, shall be forthwith held to the order of Supplier and (if requested bySupplier) any such Products which have been paid for in full by Distributor shall beresold by Distributor to Supplier or such person as Supplier shall specify at [costprice], due allowance being made for old stock and any out of condition orunsaleable Products;(b)Distributor shall return to Supplier all documents supplied by Supplier which relateto the Products or any aspect of the business of Supplier together with all copiesthereof;(c)Distributor shall cease to represent in any way that it is an authorised distributorfor the Products and shall not make any further use of any of Supplier'sIntellectual Property Rights;(d)Distributor shall use its best endeavours to supply to the Company the names andaddresses of:(i)all persons to whom it has sold Products [in respect of which the warrantyperiod has not expired at the date of termination]; and(ii)all persons for whom it has undertaken repair and servicing in respect of the Products during the course of this Contract; and(e)to the extent that the Contract is terminated as a result of breach by Distributor,Distributor shall (if legally possible) assign to Supplier free of charge allpermissions, consents and licences (if any) relating to the marketing and sale ofthe Products and execute all documents and do all things necessary to ensurethat Supplier shall have the benefit of such permissions, consents and licences. Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in14.4 [Restricted ActivitiesIn order to protect know-how transferred by Supplier to Distributor, Distributor shall not manufacture, purchase, sell or resell goods that compete with the Products from the premises used by Distributor for a period of one year after the termination of this Contract. The Distributor acknowledges that this restriction is indispensable to protect the know-how received from Supplier.]14.5 Continuing ObligationsThe provisions of Article 14.3 (Effects of Termination) and Article 14.4 (Restricted Activities), Article 15 (Confidentiality), Article 16 (Breach of Contract) (but only with respect to claims arising prior to the termination hereof or with respect to other continuing obligations) and Article 18 (Settlement of Disputes) shall survive the termination of this Contract.15. C ONFIDENTIALITY15.1 Confidentiality ObligationsFrom time to time prior to and during the Term either Party (“disclosing Party”) has disclosed or may disclose Confidential Information to the other Party (“receiving Party”).The receiving Party shall, during the Term and for [●] years thereafter:(a) maintain the confidentiality of Confidential Information;(b) not use Confidential Information for any purposes other than those specifically setout in this Contract; and(c) not disclose any such Confidential Information to any person or entity, except toits employees or employees of its Affiliates, its agents, attorneys, accountants andother advisors who need to know such information to perform their responsibilitiesand who have signed written confidentiality agreements containing terms at leastas stringent as the terms provided in this Article 15 (collectively "PermittedDisclosure Parties").15.2 Confidentiality ExceptionsThe provisions of Article 15.1 above shall not apply to information that:(a) can be shown to be known by the receiving Party by written records made prior todisclosure by the disclosing Party;(b) is or becomes public knowledge otherwise than through the receiving Party'sbreach of this Contract; or(c) was obtained by the receiving Party from a third party having no obligation ofconfidentiality with respect to such information.15.3 Confidentiality RulesEach Party shall formulate rules and regulations to inform its directors, senior staff, and other employees, and those of their Affiliates of the confidentiality obligation set forth in this Article 15.Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in15.4 Return of MaterialOn the Expiration Date [or upon the disclosing Party's request at any time], the receiving Party shall (i) return to the other Party, or at the disclosing Party's direction destroy, all materials (including any copies thereof) embodying the other Party's Confidential Information and (ii) certify in writing to the other Party, within ten (10) days following the other Party's request, that all of such materials have been returned or destroyed.16. B REACH OF C ONTRACT16.1 Remedies for Breach of ContractExcept as otherwise provided herein, if a Party ("breaching Party”) fails to perform any of its material obligations under this Contact or otherwise is in material breach of this Contract, then the other Party (“aggrieved Party”) may:(a) give written notice to the breaching Party describing the nature and scope of thebreach and demand that the breaching Party cure the breach at its cost within areasonable time specified in the notice ("Cure Period") (provided that if anyrepresentation and warranty of a Party under Article 12.1 is not true and correct inall material respects when made, or if there is a breach of Article 15, or if anyevent listed in Article 14.1 (d) occurs, then there shall be no Cure Period); and(b) if the breaching Party fails to cure the breach within the Cure Period (or, if there isnone, at any time following such breach), then in addition to its other rights underArticle 14.1(c)(i) or Applicable Laws, the aggrieved Party may claim direct andforeseeable damages arising from the breach.16.2 Limitation on LiabilityNotwithstanding any other provision of this Contract, [except for breach of Section 15 (Confidentiality) and breach of Section 10 (Intellectual Property Rights),] neither Party shall be liable to the other Party for damages for loss of revenues or profits, loss of goodwill or any indirect or consequential damages in connection with the performance or non-performance of this Contract. [Except for a breach of Section 15 (Confidentiality) anda breach of Section 10 (Intellectual Property Rights),] the aggregate liability of a Party forall claims for any loss, damage or indemnity whatsoever resulting from suc h Party’s performance or non-performance of this Contract shall in no case exceed [●] United States Dollars (US$[●]) or the RMB equivalent thereof.17. F ORCE M AJEURE17.1 Definition of Force Majeure"Force Majeure" shall mean all events which are beyond the control of the Parties to this Contract, and which are unforeseen, unavoidable or insurmountable, and which prevent total or partial performance by either of the Parties. Such events shall include earthquakes, typhoons, flood, fire, war, strikes, riots, acts of governments, changes in law or the application thereof or any other instances which cannot be foreseen, prevented or controlled, including instances which are accepted as Force Majeure in general international commercial practice.Prepared by Lovells for instructional and reference purposes only, and should not be construed as legal advice. All rights reserved. See Caveats and Drafting Notes at end of document for further guidance on use of this template. Last updated in。