延续性动词与结束性动词
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英语教学中延续性动词与终止 性动词的用法
英语动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的 长短可分为延续性动词（Durative verb） 与终止性动词(Terminative verb又称做结 束性动词，瞬间动词或非延续性动词) 。
一、延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。 如：learn, work, stand, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与 表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有：for+一段时间， for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+点时间，since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; ect.
二、终止性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后 立即结束或产生某种结果。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy . leave， arrive，join， become， hear ， marry graduate， ect. 终止性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用 如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock; eg. He died 5 years ago. 终止性动词所表示的动作极其短暂且不能持续，所以在 完成时的肯定句中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 如：for 3 years，since he came here，how long， 且看下面三个错误句子： 1),Jim has come here for five years. 2),He has died for 3 years. 3),how long has she left HongKong?
但否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 eg. I haven't left here for 3 years. 如果终止性动词在现在完成时句子中需要同有段时间状语连用， 解决这一逻辑矛盾的方法就是将终止性动词转换为延续性动词。 三、延续性动词与终止性动词之间的转换 1，用相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词： borrow --- keep, buy --- have, become/come/go--be , catch a cold --- have a cold, open sth. --keep sth. open, put on-- wear , eg. I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days. 2,将终止性动词转换为be+介词短语 begin/start --- be on, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构, go to school— be in school , get to/ arrive/reach /come/go/move-- be in/at+sw. put on—be on eg.He has been in school for 9 years.
3, 将终止性动词转换为be+名词 join the army—be a soldier, join the League/Party— be a League/Party member , go to school—be a student eg . He joined the Party 2 years ago. ---He has been a Party member for 2 years. He has been a student for 9 years. 4，用be+adj./adv.结构替换 close/open—be closed/open ,come /go back/return -be back, come here -- be here, die -- be dead, fall asleep -- be asleep,fall ill -- be ill,move—be out of, finish/end/complete -- be over, get up---be up, go there --- be there, go/leave --- be away（from）, go (get) out →be out, marry →be married, eg. The old man died 4 years ago. ---The old man has been dead for 4 years.
1.He has lived here for 6 years. 2.You can keep the book for 5 days. 3.I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. 4.How long did you stay there last year?
选题填空 １（）1My brother ____ the Youth League for two years． A．has been in B．has entered C．has taken part in D．has joined in ( )2—____have you been away from home？—I have been away from home for five years． A．How much B．What time C．How long D．When （）3 .The meeting ____ for five hours． A．has finished B．has ended C．has been over D．has stopped （）4.When Jack arrived，he and Mary ______for almost an hour．A．had gone B．had set off C．had left D．had been away （）5 .The baby ____ for eleven hours．A．fell asleep B．has fallen asleepC．has got to sleep D．h
英语动词按其动作发生的方式、发生过程的 长短可分为延续性动词（Durative verb） 与终止性动词(Terminative verb又称做结 束性动词，瞬间动词或非延续性动词) 。
一、延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。 如：learn, work, stand, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。延续性动词可以与 表示时间段的状语连用。 表示时间段的短语有：for+一段时间， for 2 years; since从句,since he came here; since+点时间，since last year, since 5 days ago; how long; ect.
二、终止性动词表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后 立即结束或产生某种结果。 如:open, die, close, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, buy . leave， arrive，join， become， hear ， marry graduate， ect. 终止性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用 如：two years ago; at 5 o'clock; eg. He died 5 years ago. 终止性动词所表示的动作极其短暂且不能持续，所以在 完成时的肯定句中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 如：for 3 years，since he came here，how long， 且看下面三个错误句子： 1),Jim has come here for five years. 2),He has died for 3 years. 3),how long has she left HongKong?
但否定的终止性动词可以与表示时间段的时间状语连用。 eg. I haven't left here for 3 years. 如果终止性动词在现在完成时句子中需要同有段时间状语连用， 解决这一逻辑矛盾的方法就是将终止性动词转换为延续性动词。 三、延续性动词与终止性动词之间的转换 1，用相应的延续性动词替换句中的终止性动词： borrow --- keep, buy --- have, become/come/go--be , catch a cold --- have a cold, open sth. --keep sth. open, put on-- wear , eg. I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days. 2,将终止性动词转换为be+介词短语 begin/start --- be on, finish --- be over, join --- be in+组织机构/be a member of+组织机构, go to school— be in school , get to/ arrive/reach /come/go/move-- be in/at+sw. put on—be on eg.He has been in school for 9 years.
3, 将终止性动词转换为be+名词 join the army—be a soldier, join the League/Party— be a League/Party member , go to school—be a student eg . He joined the Party 2 years ago. ---He has been a Party member for 2 years. He has been a student for 9 years. 4，用be+adj./adv.结构替换 close/open—be closed/open ,come /go back/return -be back, come here -- be here, die -- be dead, fall asleep -- be asleep,fall ill -- be ill,move—be out of, finish/end/complete -- be over, get up---be up, go there --- be there, go/leave --- be away（from）, go (get) out →be out, marry →be married, eg. The old man died 4 years ago. ---The old man has been dead for 4 years.
1.He has lived here for 6 years. 2.You can keep the book for 5 days. 3.I stayed there for 2 weeks last year. 4.How long did you stay there last year?
选题填空 １（）1My brother ____ the Youth League for two years． A．has been in B．has entered C．has taken part in D．has joined in ( )2—____have you been away from home？—I have been away from home for five years． A．How much B．What time C．How long D．When （）3 .The meeting ____ for five hours． A．has finished B．has ended C．has been over D．has stopped （）4.When Jack arrived，he and Mary ______for almost an hour．A．had gone B．had set off C．had left D．had been away （）5 .The baby ____ for eleven hours．A．fell asleep B．has fallen asleepC．has got to sleep D．h