CAS号118458-54-1_Arcyriaflavin A技术资料MedBio
Naglazyme(galsulfase)(抗生物)商品说明书
Naglazyme® (galsulfase)(Intravenous)Document Number: MH-0084 Last Review Date: 02/01/2022Date of Origin: 11/28/2011Dates Reviewed: 12/2011, 02/2013, 02/2014, 12/2014, 10/2015, 10/2016, 10/2017, 10/2018, 02/2019,02/2020, 02/2021, 02/2022I.Length of AuthorizationCoverage will be provided for 12 months and may be renewed.II.Dosing LimitsA.Quantity Limit (max daily dose) [NDC Unit]:•Naglazyme 5 mg vial: 23 vials per 7 daysB.Max Units (per dose and over time) [HCPCS Unit]:•115 billable units every 7 daysIII.Initial Approval Criteria 1Coverage is provided in the following conditions:•Patient is at least 5 years of age; AND•Documented baseline 12-minute walk test (12-MWT), 3-minute stair climb test (3-MSCT), and/or pulmonary function tests (e.g., FEV1, etc.); AND•Documented baseline value for urinary glycosaminoglycan (uGAG); ANDMucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI, Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) † Ф1,4,5•Patient has a definitive diagnosis of MPS VI as confirmed by the following:o Detection of pathogenic mutations in the ARSB gene by molecular genetic testing; ORo Arylsulfatase B (ASB) enzyme activity of <10% of the lower limit of normal in cultured fibroblasts or isolated leukocytes; AND▪Patient has normal enzyme activity of a different sulfatase (excluding patients with Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency [MSD]); AND▪Patient has an elevated urinary glycosaminoglycan (uGAG) level (i.e. dermatan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate) defined as being above the upper limit of normal bythe reference laboratory†FDA-approved indication(s); ‡Compendia recommended indication(s); ФOrphan DrugIV.Renewal Criteria 1,4,5Coverage can be renewed based on the following criteria:•Patient continues to meet indication-specific relevant criteria such as concomitant therapy requirements (not including prerequisite therapy), performance status, etc. identified insection III; AND•Absence of unacceptable toxicity from the drug. Examples of unacceptable toxicity include: anaphylaxis and hypersensitivity reactions, immune-mediated reactions, acute respiratorycomplications associated with administration, acute cardiorespiratory failure, severeinfusion reactions, spinal or cervical cord compression, etc.; AND•Disease response with treatment as defined by improvement or stability from pre-treatment baseline by the following:o Reduction in uGAG levels; AND▪Improvement in or stability of 12-minute walk test compared (12-MWT); OR▪Improvement in or stability of 3-minute stair climb test (3-MSCT); OR▪Improvement in or stability of pulmonary function testing (e.g., FEV1, etc.)V.Dosage/Administration 1Indication DoseMucopolysaccharidosis VI(MPS VI, Maroteaux-Lamy Syndrome) 1 mg/kg administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion oncea weekVI.Billing Code/Availability InformationHCPCS Code:•J1458 – Injection, galsulfase, 1 mg; 1 billable unit = 1 mgNDC:•Naglazyme 5 mg per 5 mL solution; single-use vial: 68135-0020-xxVII.References1.Naglazyme [package insert]. Novato, CA; BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc.; December 2019.Accessed January 2022.2.Giugliani R, Harmatz P, Wraith JE. Management guidelines for mucopolysaccharidosis VI.Pediatrics. 2007 Aug;120(2):405-18.3.Giugliani R, Federhen A, Rojas MV, et al. Mucopolysaccharidosis I, II, and VI: Brief reviewand guidelines for treatment. Genet Mol Biol. 2010 Oct;33(4):589-604. Epub 2010 Dec 1.4.Vairo F, Federhen A, Baldo G, et al. Diagnostic and treatment strategies inmucopolysaccharidosis VI. Appl Clin Genet. 2015 Oct 30;8:245-55.5.Valaannopoulos V, Nicely H, Harmatz P, et al. Mucopolysaccharidosis VI. Orphanet J RareDis. 2010; 5: 5.6.Harmatz P, Giugliani R, Schwartz I, et al. Enzyme replacement therapy formucopolysaccharidosis VI: a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled,multinational study of recombinant human N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase(recombinant human arylsulfatase B or rhASB) and follow-on, open-label extension study. JPediatr. 2006 Apr;148(4):533-539.Appendix 1 – Covered Diagnosis CodesICD-10 ICD-10 DescriptionE76.29 Other mucopolysaccharidosesAppendix 2 – Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)Medicare coverage for outpatient (Part B) drugs is outlined in the Medicare Benefit Policy Manual (Pub. 100-2), Chapter 15, §50 Drugs and Biologicals. In addition, National CoverageDetermination (NCD), Local Coverage Determinations (LCDs), and Local Coverage Articles (LCAs) may exist and compliance with these policies is required where applicable. They can be found at: https:///medicare-coverage-database/search.aspx. Additional indications may be covered at the discretion of the health plan.Medicare Part B Covered Diagnosis Codes (applicable to existing NCD/LCD/LCA): N/AMedicare Part B Administrative Contractor (MAC) JurisdictionsJurisdiction Applicable State/US Territory ContractorE (1) CA, HI, NV, AS, GU, CNMI Noridian Healthcare Solutions, LLCF (2 & 3) AK, WA, OR, ID, ND, SD, MT, WY, UT, AZ Noridian Healthcare Solutions, LLC5 KS, NE, IA, MO Wisconsin Physicians Service Insurance Corp (WPS)6 MN, WI, IL National Government Services, Inc. (NGS)H (4 & 7) LA, AR, MS, TX, OK, CO, NM Novitas Solutions, Inc.8 MI, IN Wisconsin Physicians Service Insurance Corp (WPS) N (9) FL, PR, VI First Coast Service Options, Inc.J (10) TN, GA, AL Palmetto GBA, LLCM (11) NC, SC, WV, VA (excluding below) Palmetto GBA, LLCNovitas Solutions, Inc.L (12) DE, MD, PA, NJ, DC (includes Arlington &Fairfax counties and the city of Alexandria in VA)K (13 & 14) NY, CT, MA, RI, VT, ME, NH National Government Services, Inc. (NGS)15 KY, OH CGS Administrators, LLC。
阿昔洛韦杂质列表-标准品
阿昔洛韦杂质——孟成科技(上海)有限公司名称信息结构式阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity分子式/Molecular Formula :C10H13N5O4分子量/Molecular Weight :267.24CAS#:102728-64-3阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C5H5N5O分子量/Molecular Weight :151.13CAS#:73-40-5阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C8H11N5O3分子量/Molecular Weight :225.2CAS#:91702-61-3阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C14H16N10O4分子量/Molecular Weight :388.34CAS#:166762-90-9阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C17H22N10O6分子量/Molecular Weight :462.42CAS#:1797131-64-6阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C12H15N5O5分子量/Molecular Weight :309.28CAS#:91702-60-2阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C7H9N5O2分子量/Molecular Weight :195.18CAS#:23169-33-7阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C8H11N5O3分子量/Molecular Weight :225.21阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C9H13N5O4分子量/Molecular Weight :255.24阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C17H22N10O6分子量/Molecular Weight :462.43阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C9H13N5O4分子量/Molecular Weight :255.24阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C12H15N5O5分子量/Molecular Weight :309.28CAS#:75128-73-3阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C9H9N5O3分子量/Molecular Weight :235.2CAS#:3056-33-5阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C10H13N5O4分子量/Molecular Weight :267.24CAS#:110104-37-5阿昔洛韦杂质Acyclovir Impurity 分子式/Molecular Formula :C14H16N10O4分子量/Molecular Weight :388.34CAS#:1797832-75-7。
IVD行业国外原料主要供应商
.aaltobioreagents.ie .aaltoscientific..aetltd..biocell..npods.ru.diarect..endocrinetech..scipac..eastcoastbio..haemtech. .immunovision..mainebiotechnology. .operon.es.equitech-bio..quadfive..promeddx..seracare..chemogen..modiquest..seramon..midlandbio..capricornproducts. .instruchemie.nl.sheffield-products. .biogenes.de.biocheckinc..biospacific..bioprocessinginc..fitzgerald-fii..microbix..inventdiagnostica.de .biomarket.fi.calbioreagents..xema-medica..scrippslabs..silverlakeresearch..ssi.dk.virostat-inc..virusys..oycus..accessbiologicals. .anshlabs..arlingtonscientific..auditmicro..brt-us..cardinalbiologicals. .diasource.be.diazyme..dsitaly..icllab..immunoreagents. .magsphere.丹麦提供诊断试剂盒和抗体、抗原和血清,有特色的产品是 CE认证的NGAL诊断试剂盒,MBL试剂盒重症监护和止血,临床化学仪器,试剂盒日本提供诊断试剂盒产品的公司,特色产品是低密度LDL 和胱抑素C 试剂盒。
产品涉及质控品,转染病,糖尿病,肿瘤,生殖,甲状腺等试剂盒Acris 是一家德国的著名抗体公司,提供近 3 万种各种优质抗体、蛋白及抗体纯化试剂盒,产品X 围涉及免疫学、细胞生物学、细胞神经信号传导、蛋 白组学、肿瘤生物学等。
核内体定位荧光染料
核内体定位荧光染料
核内体定位荧光染料是一种用于标记和定位细胞核内体结构的荧光染料。
细胞核内体是细胞核内的特定区域或结构,常常与基因表达、DNA修复和转录调控等生物学过程密切相关。
常见的核内体定位荧光染料包括:
1. DAPI(4',6-二胺-2-苯基-indole):DAPI是一种DNA结合荧光染料,可以顺利穿透细胞膜和核膜,与DNA结合形成蓝色荧光,用于标记和观察细胞核。
2. Hoechst染料:Hoechst染料系列是一类与核酸结合的荧光染料,可用于核内体的定位和染色。
常见的Hoechst染料包括Hoechst 33342和Hoechst 33258。
3. SYTOX染料:SYTOX染料是一类高亲和力DNA结合的荧光染料,可以用于细胞核内运动的核茎环和组蛋白复合物的观察。
4. Acridine Orange(AO):AO是一种DNA/RNA双链荧光染料,可以用于核内体的定位和染色。
5. propidium iodide(PI):PI是一种DNA结合荧光染料,用于细胞凋亡、细胞周期和细胞核破裂等核内体相关实验。
这些核内体定位荧光染料能够提供细胞核内体结构的明亮和清
晰的荧光信号,帮助研究人员观察和研究细胞核内体的形态和功能。
阿拉丁正庚酸(Heptanoic acid)产品安全技术说明书
GHS05:腐蚀性物质; GHS07:3.1物 质分子式:C7H14O2; CH3(CH2)5COOH分子量 :130.18 g/mol成分 (单一物质)浓度正庚酸Heptanoic acidCAS No. 111-14-8EC-编号203-838-7-4急救措施4.1必要的急救措施描述一般的建议请教医生。
出示此安全技术说明书给到现场的医生看如果吸入如果吸入,请将患者移到新鲜空气处。
如果停止了呼吸,给于人工呼吸。
请教医生。
在皮肤接触的情况下立即脱掉污染的衣服和鞋子。
用肥皂和大量的水冲洗。
请教医生。
在眼睛接触的情况下用大量水彻底冲洗至少15分钟并请教医生。
如果误服禁止催吐。
切勿给失去知觉者从嘴里喂食任何东西。
用水漱口。
请教医生。
4.2最重要的症状和影响,急性的和滞后的无数据资料4.3及时的医疗处理和所需的特殊处理的说明和指示无数据资料5消防措施5.1灭火介质火灾特征无数据资料灭火方法及灭火剂用水雾,耐醇泡沫,干粉或二氧化碳灭火。
5.2源于此物质或混合物的特别的危害碳氧化物5.3救火人员的预防如必要的话,戴自给式呼吸器去救火5.4进一步的信息无数据资料6泄露应急处理6.1人员的预防,防护设备和紧急处理程序使用个人防护装备。
避免吸入蒸气、气雾或气体。
保证充分的通风。
将人员疏散到安全区域。
6.2环境预防措施如能确保安全,可采取措施防止进一步的泄漏或溢出。
不要让产品进入下水道。
避免排放到周围环境中。
6.3抑制和清除溢出物的方法和材料用惰性吸附材料吸收并当作危险废物处理。
放入合适的封闭的容器中待处理。
6.4参考其他部分丢弃处理请参阅第13节。
7安全操作与储存7.1安全操作的注意事项避免接触皮肤和眼睛。
避免吸入蒸气或雾滴。
7.2安全储存的条件,包括任何不兼容性使容器保持密闭,储存在干燥通风处。
打开了的容器必须仔细重新封口并保持竖放位置以防止泄漏。
7.3特定用途无数据资料8接触控制/个体防护8.1控制参数最高容许浓度成分 CAS No. 值控制参数基准正庚酸Heptanoic acid 111-14-8PC-TWA有已知的国家规定的暴露极限。
阿利新蓝染色液(细胞涂片专用)
阿利新蓝染色液(细胞涂片专用)货号:G1565规格:2×20ml/2×50ml保存:4℃避光,12个月产品组成:名称2×20ml2×50ml Storage试剂(A):Alcian染色液20ml50ml4℃避光试剂(B):Alcian复染液20ml50ml RT避光产品简介:阿利新蓝(Alcian)又称爱先蓝或阿尔辛蓝等,是一种类铜钛花青共轭染料,最初用于纺织纤维染色。
这种阳离子染料与酸性基团结合,也即阿尔辛蓝与组织内含有的阴离子基团如羧基和硫酸根形成不溶性复合物。
阿利新蓝由中央含铜的酞菁环与四个异硫脲基通过硫醚键相连而成,该异硫脲基呈中度碱性,使阿利新蓝带阳离子。
pH值为2.5时,组织内的羧基电离,带有一个负电荷,与阿利新蓝中的阳离子形成盐键,使带有羧基的酸性黏液物质(硫酸黏蛋白和唾液黏蛋白)染色。
阿利新蓝染色液(细胞涂片专用)采用改良Lison法,利用染液的不同pH值可区分粘液物质的类属。
中性黏蛋白(如胃黏膜和Brunner腺体部位的中性黏蛋白)不能与阿利新蓝反应。
本试剂仅适用于科研领域,特别适用于细胞涂片染色,不适用于临床诊断或其他用途。
试验所需自备材料:1、甲醇2、蒸馏水操作步骤(仅供参考):1.制备新鲜涂片,用甲醇固定5min。
2.水洗,晾干。
3.滴加Alcian染色液染色30min。
4.充分水洗,晾干。
5.滴加Alcian复染液复染30~60s。
6.水洗,晾干,镜检。
染色结果:酸性黏多糖蓝绿色细胞核红色注意事项:1.Alcian染色液呈酸性,染色时应与普通染色分开,否则影响细胞着色。
2.Alcian染色液染色后,涂片应充分水洗,否则影响复染效果。
3.已开封试剂应在开封后6个月内使用完,每次用后应及时拧紧瓶盖,以免挥发或变质。
4.为了您的安全和健康,请穿实验服并戴一次性手套操作。
迷迭香酸
迷迭香酸迷迭香酸<英文名>:Rosmarinic acid <化学式>:C18H16O8<分子量>:360.33<结构式>:O CO2HO OHOHHOR E<来源>:迷迭香酸广泛存在于各类植物中,尤以唇型科和紫草科植物中含量较高。
<基本性质>:<物理性质>:为浅黄色粉末,易溶于水及乙醇水溶液,难溶于氯仿,不溶于油脂、无水乙醇。
稳定性较好,适宜在酸性及低温条件下保存,使用。
<化学性质>:抗氧化性<生理活性>:具有极强清除体内自由基的活性和抗氧化作用。
<作用机理>:与不饱和脂肪酸竞争性地与脂质过氧基结合,以终止脂质过氧化的连锁反应,降低脂质过氧化速率,而迷迭香酸被氧化为醌式;迷迭香酸可抑制中性粒细胞呼吸爆发及通过减少细胞内钙离子浓度而抑制溶酶体的释放。
迷迭香酸的抗氧化作用与其结构有关,邻二酚羟基是清除自由基活性的物质基础,而且C3位的共轭双键具有增效作用。
抗炎活性德国Nattermann公司于1991年把它作为抗炎、镇痛、解毒药物投放市场。
迷迭香酸对肾炎有一定的抑制作用。
抗炎机理可能是:1.与抑制花生四烯酸代谢的5-脂氧化酶( 5-LOX)有关;2.对补体依赖性PGL2 的合成产生抑制作用,干扰不同途径C3转移酶的活性;3.抗氧化和消除自由基作用;4.抑制肥大细胞中组胺的释放。
抗菌活性国内外的研究证明,迷迭香酸有许多医药功能,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌等具有较强的抑制作用。
另外发现,迷迭香酸对植物病原真菌也有抑制效果:其中对番茄灰霉病菌、芒果灰斑病菌、柑橘青霉和梨黑斑病菌抑制作用较强,在研究中还发现迷迭香酸具有很强的热稳定性和耐低温贮藏性;该结果和已有的研究文献说明,迷迭香酸具有广谱的抗微生物活性,深入研究迷迭香酸的生物活性将有力地促进其在医药、农药等方面的开发应用。
抗菌作用机理:1.显著增加细菌细胞膜的通透性,加速糖类和蛋白质的渗漏,使细胞代谢发生紊乱,进而影响细菌蛋白质代谢;2.还可以通过抑制DNA聚合酶的活性而影响DNA的复制,来发挥其抑菌作用。
1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-八氯-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-六氢-4,7-亚甲基茚
相对密度(水=1):1.59-1.63
相对密度(空气=1):无资料
饱和蒸气压/kPa:0.27(175℃)
燃烧热(kJ/mol):-3810.95
临界温度/℃:无资料
临界压力/MPa:无资料
闪点/℃:56
自燃温度/℃:无意义
爆炸下限(%):2.8
爆炸上限(%):30.5
分子式:C10H6Cl8
相对分子质量:409.779
危险化学品序号:43
CAS号:57-74-9
UN编号:2996
危险性类别:急性毒性-经皮,类别3;致癌性,类别2;危害水生环境-急性危害,类别1;危害水生环境-长期危害,类别1
理化特性
外观与性状:无色或淡黄色液态,工业品为有杉木气味的琥珀色液体
熔点/℃:无资料
1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-八氯-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-六氢-4,7-亚甲基茚
标识
中文名:1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-八氯-2,3,3a,4,7,7a-六氢-4,7-亚甲基茚;氯丹;八氯化茚
英文名:chlordane;1,2,4,5,6,7,8,8-octachloro-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-methanoindan;M-410
分解温度/℃:沸点分解
溶解性:不溶于水,溶于多数有机溶剂
危险性概述
物理和化学危险:不燃,无特殊爆燃特性。
健康危害:急性中毒:中毒症状发生较快,几小时即可死亡。主要症状为中枢神经系统兴奋症状,如激动、震颤、全身抽搐;摄入中毒症状出现更快,有恶心、呕吐、全身抽搐。严重中毒紫抽搐剧烈和反复发作后陷于木僵、昏迷和呼吸衰竭。慢性中毒:主要症状为神经系统功能紊乱,肝、肾退行性改变。有头痛、眼球痛、全身乏力、失眠、噩梦、头晕、心前区不适、四肢麻木和酸痛。
Cas号50-65-7_Niclosamide_MedBio技术参数
氯硝柳胺(40mg / kg / d,ip)抑制携带HL-60异种移植肿瘤的裸鼠中异种移植的AML细胞的生长[4]。
激酶实验
所有蛋白激酶在Sf9昆虫细胞或大肠杆菌中表达为重组GST-融合蛋白或His-标记的蛋白。放射性蛋白激酶测定法用于测量22种蛋白激酶的激酶活性。简而言之,对于每种蛋白激酶,50μL反应混合物含有60mM HEPES-NaOH,3mM MgCl 2,3mM MnCl2,3μM原钒酸钠,1.2mM DTT,50μg/ mLPEG20000,1μM[γ-33P] - ATP,氯硝柳胺,足量的酶及其底物。 PKC-α测定另外含有1mM Ca 2,4mM EDTA,5μg/ mL磷脂酰丝氨酸和1μg/ mL 1,2-二油基甘油。将反应混合物在37℃下孵育60分钟并用50μL2%(v / v)H 3 PO 4终止。用微孔板闪烁计数器测定33Pi的掺入。使用Quattro Workflow V2.28计算活动和IC50值。
Cas号
1、产品物理参数:
常用名
氯硝柳胺
英文名
Niclosamide
CAS号
50-65-7
分子量
327.120
密度
1.6±0.1 g/cm3
沸点
424.5±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
分子式
C13H8Cl2N2O4
熔点
225-230ºC
闪点
210.5±28.7 °C
2、技术资料:
体外研究
氯硝柳胺是STAT3的抑制剂,抑制STAT3介导的荧光素酶报告基因活性,在HeLa细胞中IC50为0.25μM。氯硝柳胺(1μM)抑制EGF诱导的Du145细胞中STAT3的核转位。氯硝柳胺(<2μM)剂量依赖性地抑制Du145细胞中STAT3下游基因的转录。氯硝柳胺(<10μM)以剂量依赖的方式诱导Du145癌细胞的G0 / G1停滞和凋亡[1]。氯硝柳胺可以在感染SARS-CoV的Vero E6细胞中以微摩尔浓度阻断SARS-CoV复制[2]。氯硝柳胺(<7.5μM)促进Frizzled1内吞作用,下调Disheveled-2蛋白,并抑制Wnt3A刺激的U2OS细胞中β-catenin稳定和LEF / TCF报告基因活性[3]。氯硝柳胺在U2OS细胞中以剂量和时间依赖性方式抑制TNF诱导的NF-κB报告基因活性。氯硝柳胺(125nM)抑制U2OS细胞中p65,IKKα,IKKβ,IKKγ和TAK1诱导的NF-κB活化。氯硝柳胺(<500nM)完全阻断时间和剂量依赖性TNFα诱导的HL-60细胞中NF-κB-DNA复合物的改变。氯硝柳胺(<10nM)抑制U266细胞中的组成型NF-κB活化。氯硝柳胺在HL-60,Molm13或AML原代细胞中以剂量和时间依赖性方式抑制TNF诱导的IκBα降解和p65的重新定位。氯硝柳胺(500nM)引起TNF诱导的NF-κB依赖性基因产物的减少,所述基因产物参与HL-60细胞中的细胞存活。氯硝柳胺还抑制生长并诱导与Mcl-1和XIAP水平降低以及细胞内ROS水平升高相关的AML细胞的强烈凋亡[4]。
Adenosine Assay Kit 产品说明书
Product ManualAdenosine Assay KitCatalog NumberMET-5090 100 assays FOR RESEARCH USE ONLYNot for use in diagnostic proceduresIntroductionAdenosine is a purine nucleoside containing an adenine moiety attached to a ribose sugar molecule (ribofuranose) through a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Derivatives of adenosine perform an important role in energy transfer reactions (as adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP)) as well as signal transduction (as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)). Additionally, adenosine is a neuromodulator and is thought to promote sleep and suppress arousal. Adenosine also regulates blood flow to multiple organs through vasodilation. Adenosine is a byproduct of the enzymatic conversion of S-Adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) to homocysteine by Adenosylhomocystinease (AHCY).Adenosine causes a temporary block of the atrioventricular (AV) node in the heart, while also relaxing smooth muscle found inside the artery walls. Dilation of the "normal" segments of arteries allows physicians to use adenosine to test for blockages in the coronary arteries, by exaggerating the difference between the normal and abnormal segments. In people suspected of having a supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), adenosine can be used to help identify the problem. Certain SVTs can be successfully stopped with adenosine. In addition, atrial tachycardia can sometimes be terminated with adenosine. Finally, adenosine is used in combination with thallous (thallium) chloride TI 201 or Tc99m myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (nuclear stress test for heart attack risk) in people who are unable to undergo sufficient stress testing with exercise.Ce ll Biolabs’ Adenosine Assay Kit is a simple fluorometric assay that measures the amount of total adenosine present in biological samples in a 96-well microtiter plate format. Each kit provides sufficient reagents to perform up to 100 assays*, including blanks, adenosine standards, and unknown samples. Sample adenosine concentrations are determined by comparison with a known adenosine standard. The kit has a detection sensitivity limit of 1.56 µM adenosine.*Note: Each sample replicate requires 2 assays, one treated with adenosine deaminase (+ADA) and one without (-ADA). Adenosine is calculated from the difference in RFU readings from the 2 wells. Assay PrincipleCell Biolabs’ Adenosine Assay Kit measures total adenosine within biological samples. Adenosine is converted into inosine by adenosine deaminase (ADA). Then inosine is converted into hypoxanthine by purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP). Finally, hypoxanthine is converted to xanthine and hydrogen peroxide by xanthine oxidase (XO). The resulting hydrogen peroxide is then detected with a highly specific fluorometric probe. Horseradish peroxidase catalyzes the reaction between the probe and hydrogen peroxide, which bind in a 1:1 ratio. Samples are compared to a known concentration of adenosine standard within the 96-well microtiter plate format. Samples and standards are incubated for 15 minutes and then read with a standard 96-well fluorometric plate reader (Figure 1).Figure 1.Adenosine Assay Principle.Related Products1.MET-5092: Inosine Assay Kit2.MET-5151: S-Adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) ELISA Kit3.MET-5152: S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) ELISA KitKit Components1.Adenosine Standard (Part No. 50901C): One 50 µL tube at 10 mM.2.10X Assay Buffer (Part No. 268002): One 25 mL bottle of 500 mM sodium phosphate pH 7.4.3.Fluorometric Probe (Part No. 50231C): One 50 µL tube in DMSO.4.HRP (Part No. 234402-T): One 10 μL t ube of a 100 U/mL solution in glycerol.5.Adenosine Deaminase (Part No. 50902C): One 10 µL tube at 1000 U/mL.Note: One unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that will deaminate 1.0 μmole of adenosine to inosine per min. at pH 7.5 at 25°C.6.Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase (Part No. 50903D): One 500 µL tube at 18.9 U/mL.Note: One unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that will cause the phosphorolysis of 1.0 μmole of inosine to hypoxanthine and ribose 1-phosphate per min at pH 7.4 at 25°C.7.Xanthine Oxidase (Part No. 50904D): one 100 µL tube at 2.5 U/mL.Note: One unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that will convert 1.0 μmol e of xanthine to uric acid per min at pH 7.5 at 25°C. About 50% of the activity is obtained with hypoxanthine as substrate.Materials Not Supplied1.Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS)2.10 μL to 1000 μL adjustable single channel micropipettes with disposable ti ps3.50 μL to 300 μL adjustable multichannel micropipette with disposable tips4.Standard 96-well fluorescence black microtiter plate and/or black cell culture microplate5.Multichannel micropipette reservoir6.Fluorescence microplate reader capable of reading excitation in the 530-570 nm range and emissionin the 590-600 nm range.StorageUpon receipt, store the 10X Assay Buffer at room temperature and store the rest of the kit at -20ºC. The Fluorometric Probe is light sensitive and must be stored accordingly. Avoid multiple freeze/thaw cycles.Note: After thawing any of the three enzymes for the first time, make smaller aliquots and store at-20°C.Preparation of Reagents•1X Assay Buffer: Dilute the stock 10X Assay Buffer 1:10 with deionized water for a 1X solution.Stir or vortex to homogeneity. Store at room temperature.•Reaction Mix: Prepare a Reaction Mix by diluting the Fluorometric Probe 1:100, HRP 1:500, Adenosine Deaminase 1:500, Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase 1:10, and Xanthine Oxidase 1:50 in 1X Assay Buffer. For example, add 10 μL Fluorometric Probe stock solution, 2 μL HRP stock solution, 2 µL of Adenosine Deaminase, 100 µL of Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase, and 20 μL of Xanthine Oxidase to 866 µL of 1X Assay Buffer for a total of 1 mL. This Reaction Mix volume is enough for 20 assays. The Reaction Mix is stable for 1 day at 4ºC.Note: Prepare only enough for immediate use by scaling the above example proportionally. •Control Mix: Prepare a Reaction Mix (without adenosine deaminase) by diluting the Fluorometric Probe 1:100, HRP 1:500, Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase 1:10, and Xanthine Oxidase 1:50 in 1X Assay Buffer. For example, add 10 μL Fluorometric Probe stock solution, 2 μL HRP stocksolution, 100 µL of Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase, and 20 μL of Xanthine Oxidase to 868 µL of 1X Assay Buffer for a total of 1 mL. This Control Mix volume is enough for 20 assays. TheControl Mix is stable for 1 day at 4ºC.Note: Prepare only enough for immediate use by scaling the above example proportionally.Preparation of Samples• Cell culture supernatants: Cell culture media containing adenosine, inosine, xanthine, and hypoxanthine should be avoided. To remove insoluble particles, centrifuge at 10,000 rpm for 5 min. The cell conditioned media may be assayed directly or diluted as necessary in PBS.Note: Maintain pH between 7 and 8 for optimal working conditions as the Fluorometric Probe is unstable at high pH (>8.5).• Tissue lysates: Sonicate or homogenize tissue sample in PBS and centrifuge at 10,000 x g for 10 minutes at 4°C. The supernatant may be assayed directly or diluted as necessary in PBS.• Cell lysates: Resuspend cells at 1-2 x 106 cells/mL in PBS. Homogenize or sonicate the cells on ice. Centrifuge to remove debris. Cell lysates may be assayed undiluted or diluted as necessary in PBS.• Serum, plasma or urine: To remove insoluble particles, centrifuge at 10,000 rpm for 5 min. The supernatant may be assayed directly or diluted as necessary in PBS.Notes:• All samples should be assayed immediately or stored at -80°C for up to 1-2 months. Run proper controls as necessary. Optimal experimental conditions for samples must be determined by the investigator. Always run a standard curve with samples.• Samples with NADH concentrati ons above 10 μM and glu tathione concentrations above 50 μM will oxidize the Fluorometric Probe and could result in erroneous readings. To minimize this interference, it is recommended that superoxide dismutase (SOD) be added to the reaction at a final concentration of 40 U/mL (Votyakova and Reynolds, Ref. 2).• Avoid samples containing DTT or β-mercaptoethanol since the Fluorometric Probe is not stable in the presence of thiols (above 10 μM).Preparation of Standard CurvePrepare fresh Adenosine standards according to Table 1 below.Table 1. Preparation of Adenosine Standards.Assay Protocol1. Prepare and mix all reagents thoroughly before use. Each sample, including unknowns and standards, should be assayed in duplicate or triplicate. Standard Tubes 10 mM Adenosine Solution(µL)PBS (µL) Adenosine (µM) 1 5495 100 2 250 of Tube #1250 50 3 250 of Tube #2250 25 4 250 of Tube #3250 12.5 5 250 of Tube #4250 6.25 6 250 of Tube #5250 3.13 7 250 of Tube #6250 1.56 8 0250 0Note: Each sample replicate requires two paired wells, one to be treated with Adenosine Deaminase (+ADA) and one without the enzyme (-ADA) to measure endogenous background.2.Add 50 μL of each standard into wells of a black microtiter plate suitable for a f luorescence platereader.3.Add 50 μL of each unknown sample to each of two separate wells.4.Add 50 μL of Reaction Mix to all standard wells and one half of the paired sample wells.5.Add 50 μL of Control Mix to the remaining paired sample wells.6.Mix the well contents thoroughly and incubate for 15 minutes at room temperature protected fromlight.Note: This assay is continuous (not terminated) and therefore may be measured at multiple time points to follow the reaction kinetics.7.Read the plate with a fluorescence microplate reader equipped for excitation in the 530-570 nmrange and for emission in the 590-600 nm range.Example of ResultsThe following figure demonstrates typical Adenosine Assay Kit results. One should use the data below for reference only. This data should not be used to interpret or calculate actual sample results.Figure 2: Adenosine Standard Curve.Calculation of Results1.Determine the average Relative Fluorescence Unit (RFU) values for each sample, control, andstandard.2.Subtract the average zero standard value from itself and all standard values.3.Graph the standard curve (see Figure 2).4.Subtract the sample well values without Adenosine Deaminase (-ADA) from the sample well valuescontaining Adenosine Deaminase (+ADA) to obtain the difference. The fluorescence difference is due to the Adenosine Deaminase activity.Net RFU = (RFU+ADA)- (RFU-ADA)5. Compare the net RFU of each sample to the standard curve to determine and extrapolate thequantity of Adenosine present in the sample. Only use values within the range of the standard curve.References1.Sato, A (A2005). Am. J. of Physiol.Heart Circ. Physiol.288: H1633–402.Votyakova TV, and Reynolds IJ (2001) Neurochem. 79:266.3.Costa, F and Biaggioni, I (1998). Hypertension. 31: 1061–44.Morgan, JM; McCormack, DG; Griffiths, MJ; Morgan, CJ; Barnes, PJ and Evans, TW (1991).Circulation. 84: 1145–9.5.Mitchell J and Lazarenko G (2008). CJEM. 10: 572–3.6.O'Keefe, JH; Bateman, TM; Silverstri, R and Barnhart C. (1992). Am Heart J.124: 614–21. Recent Product Citations1.Ndzie Noah, M.L. et al. (2023). Estrogen downregulates CD73/adenosine axis hyperactivity viaadaptive modulation PI3K/Akt signaling to prevent myocarditis and arrhythmias during chronic catecholamines stress. Cell Commun Signal. 21(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12964-023-01052-0.2.Fu, Z. et al. (2023). Proteolytic regulation of CD73 by TRIM21 orchestrates tumor immunogenicity.Sci Adv. 9(1):eadd6626. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.add6626.3.Pepponi, R. et al. (2022). Repurposing Dipyridamole in Niemann Pick Type C Disease: A Proof-of-Concept Study. Int J Mol Sci. 23(7):3456. doi: 10.3390/ijms23073456.4.Kim, G.T. et al. (2022). PLAG co-treatment increases the anticancer effect of Adriamycin andcyclophosphamide in a triple-negative breast cancer xenograft mouse model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 619:110-116. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.06.051.5.Tsai, C.H. et al. (2022). Carbohydrate metabolism is a determinant for the host specificity ofbaculovirus infections. iScience. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103648.6.Xue, G. et al. (2021). Elimination of acquired resistance to PD-1 blockade via the concurrentdepletion of tumour cells and immunosuppressive cells. Nat Biomed Eng. 5(11):1306-1319. doi:10.1038/s41551-021-00799-6.7.Murphy, D.A. et al. (2021). Reversing Hypoxia with PLGA-Encapsulated Manganese DioxideNanoparticles Improves Natural Killer Cell Response to Tumor Spheroids. Mol Pharm. doi:10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00085.8.Badimon, A. et al. (2020). Negative feedback control of neuronal activity by microglia. Nature. doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2777-8.9.Huang, L. et al. (2020). Inhibition of A2B Adenosine Receptor Attenuates Intestinal Injury in a RatModel of Necrotizing Enterocolitis. Mediators Inflamm. doi: 10.1155/2020/1562973.10.Basu, M. et al. (2020). Increased host ATP efflux and its conversion to extracellular adenosine iscrucial for establishing Leishmania infection. J Cell Sci. pii: jcs.239939. doi: 10.1242/jcs.239939.11.Duan, L. et al. (2020). Late Protective Effect of Netrin-1 in the Murine AcetaminophenHepatotoxicity Model. Toxicol Sci. pii: kfaa041. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa041.12.Chang, Y. et al. (2020). Snellenius manilae bracovirus suppresses the host immune system byregulating extracellular adenosine levels in Spodoptera litura. Sci Rep. 10(1):2096. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-58375-y.13.Ali, R.A. et al. (2019). Adenosine receptor agonism protects against NETosis and thrombosis inantiphospholipid syndrome. Nat Commun. 10(1):1916. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09801-x. 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药用辅料中英文对照
药用辅料中英文对照药用辅料中英文对照1 阿拉伯胶(Acacia)2 乙酰舒泛钾(Acesulfame Potassium)3 冰醋酸(Acetic Acid,Glacial)4 乙酰枸橼酸三丁酯(AcetyltributylCitrate)5 乙酰枸橼酸三乙酯(AcetyltriethylCitrate)6 人血白蛋白(Albumin)7 乙醇(Alcohol)8 海藻酸(Alginic Acid)9 脂肪族聚酯(Aliphatic Polyesters)10 阿力糖(Alitame)11 杏仁油(Almond Oil)12 维生素E(Alpha Tocopherol)13 氨溶液(Ammonia Solution)14 维生素C(Ascorbic Acid)15 棕榈酸维生素C酯(Ascorbyl Palmitate)16 阿司帕坦(Aspartame)17 绿坡缕石(Attapulgite)18 皂土(Bentonite)19 苯扎氯铵(Benzalkonium Chloride)20 苄索氯铵(Benzethonium Chloride)21 苯甲酸(Benzoic Acid)22 苯甲醇(Benzyl Alcohol)23 苯甲酸苄酯(Benzyl Benzoate)24 溴硝丙二醇(Bronopol)25 丁羟茴醚(Butylated Hydroxyanisole)26 丁羟甲苯(Butylated Hydroxytoluene)27 羟苯丁酯(Butylparaben)28 碳酸钙(Calcium Carbonate)29 无水磷酸氢钙(Calcium Phosphate,Dibasic Anhydrous)30 磷酸氢钙二水合物(Calcium Phosphate,Dibasic Dihydrate)31 磷酸钙(Calcium Phosphate,Tribasic)32 硬脂酸钙(Calcium Stearate)33 硫酸钙(Calcium Sulfate)34 低芥酸菜籽油(Canola Oil)35 卡波姆(Carbomer)36 二氧化碳(Carbon Dioxide)37 羧甲纤维素钙(Carboxymethylcellulose Calcium)38 羧甲纤维素钠(Carboxymethylcellulose Sodium)39 角叉菜胶(Carrageenan)40 蓖麻油(Castor Oil)41 氢化蓖麻油(Castor Oil,Hydro-genated)42 微晶纤维素(Cellulose,Microcr ystalline)43 粉状纤维素(Cellulose,Powdered)44 微粉硅胶微晶纤维素(Cellulose, Silicified Microcrystalline)45 醋酸纤维素(Cellulose Acetate)46 纤维醋法酯(Cellulose Acetate Phthalate)47 角豆胶(Ceratonia)48 十八十六醇(Cetostearyl Alcohol)49 西曲溴铵(Cetrimide)50 十六醇(Cetyl Alcohol)51 壳聚糖(Chitosan)52 氯己定(Chlorhexidine)53 三氯叔丁醇(Chlorobutanol)54 氯甲酚(Chlorocresol)55 一氯二氟乙烷(Chlorodifluoroe-thane)56 氟里昂(Chlorofluorocabons)57 对氯间二甲酚(Chloroxylenol)58 胆固醇(Cholesterol)59 枸橼酸(Citric Acid Monohydrate)60 胶态二氧化硅(微粉硅胶)(Colloidal Silicon Dioxide)61 着色剂(Coloring Agents)62 玉米油(Corn Oil)63 棉籽油(Cottonseed Oil)64 甲酚(Cresol)65 交联羧甲纤维素钠(Croscarmellose Sodium)66 交联聚维酮(Crospovidone)67 环糊精(Cyclodextrins)68 环甲基硅酮(Cyclomethicone)69 苯甲地那铵(Denatonium Benzoate)70 葡萄糖结合剂(Dextrates)71 糊精(Dextrin)72 葡萄糖(Dextrose)73 邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(Dibutyl Phthalate)74 癸二酸二丁酯(Dibutyl Sebacate)75 二乙醇胺(Diethanolamine)76 邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(Diethyl Phthalate)77 二氟乙烷(Difluoroethane)78 二甲硅油(Dimethicone)79 二甲醚(Dimethyl Ether)80 邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(Dimethyl Phthalate)81 二甲亚砜(Dimethyl Sulfoxide)82 多库酯钠(Docusate Sodium)83 依地酸(乙二胺四乙酸)(Edetic Acid)84 乙酸乙酯(Ethyl Acetate)85 乙基麦芽酚(Ethyl Maltol)86 油酸乙酯(Ethyl Oleate)87 乙基香草醛(Ethyl Vanillin)88 乙基纤维素(Ethylcellulose)89 硬脂酸棕榈酸乙二醇酯(Ethylene Glycol Palmitostearate)90 羟苯乙酯(Ethylparaben)91 果糖(Fructose)92 富马酸(Fumaric Acid)93 明胶(Gelatin)94 液体葡萄糖(Glucose,Liquid)95 甘油(Glycerin)96 山萮酸甘油酯(Glyceryl Behenate)97 单油酸甘油酯(Glyceryl Monooleate)98 单硬脂酸甘油酯(Glyceryl Monostearate)99 硬脂酸棕榈酸甘油酯(Glyceryl Palmitostearate)100 四氢呋喃聚乙二醇醚(Glycofurol)101 瓜耳胶(Guar Gum)102 七氟丙烷(HFC)(Heptafluoro-propane)103 海克西定(Hexetidine)104 烷烃类(HC) (Hydrocarbons)105 盐酸(Hydrochloric Acid)106 羟乙纤维素(Hydroxyethyl Cellulose)107 羟乙甲纤维素(Hydroxyethylmethyl Cellulose)108 羟丙纤维素(Hydroxypropyl Cellulose)109 低取代羟丙纤维素(Hydroxypropyl Cellulose,Low-substituted) 110 羟丙甲纤维素(Hypromellose)111 羟丙甲纤维素酞酸酯(Hypromellose Phthalate)112 咪唑烷脲(Imidurea)113 异丙醇(Isopropyl Alcohol)114 肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(Isopropyl Myristate)115 棕榈酸异丙酯(Isopropyl Palmitate)116 白陶土(Kaolin)117 乳酸(Lactic Acid)118 拉克替醇(Lactitol)119 乳糖(Lactose)120 羊毛脂(Lanolin)121 含水羊毛脂(Lanolin,Hydrous)122 羊毛醇(Lanolin Alcohols)123 卵磷脂(Lecithin)124 硅酸镁铝(Magnesium Aluminum Silicate)125 碳酸镁(Magnesium Carbonate)126 氧化镁(Magnesium Oxide)127 硅酸镁(Magnesium Silicate)128 硬脂酸镁(Magnesium Stearate)129 三硅酸镁(Magnesium Trisilicate)130 苹果酸(Malic Acid)131 麦芽糖醇(Maltitol)132 麦芽糖醇溶液(Maltitol Solution)133 麦芽糖糊精(Maltodextrin)134 麦芽酚(Maltol)135 麦芽糖(Maltose)136 甘露醇(Mannitol)137 中链脂肪酸甘油三酯(Medium-chain Triglycerides) 138 葡甲胺(Meglumine)139 薄荷脑(Menthol)140 甲基纤维素(Methylcellulose)141 羟苯甲酯(Methylparaben)142 液体石蜡(Mineral Oil)143 轻质液体石蜡(Mineral Oil,Light)144 液体石蜡羊毛醇(Mineral Oil and Lanolin Alcohols) 145 单乙醇胺(Monoethanolamine)146 谷氨酸一钠(Monosodium Glutamate)147 硫代甘油(Monothioglycerol)148 氮(Nitrogen)149 一氧化二氮(Nitrous Oxide)150 油酸(Oleic Acid)151 橄榄油(Olive Oil)152 石蜡(Paraffin)153 花生油(Peanut Oil)154 凡士林(Petrolatum)155 凡士林羊毛醇(Petrolatum and Lanolin Alcohols)156 苯酚(Phenol)157 苯氧乙醇(Phenoxyethanol)158 苯乙醇(Phenylethyl Alcohol)159 醋酸苯汞(Phenylmercuric Acetate)160 硼酸苯汞(Phenylmercuric Borate)161 硝酸苯汞(Phenylmercuric Nitrate)162 磷酸(Phosphoric Acid)163 波拉克林钾(Polacrilin Potassium)164 泊洛沙姆(Poloxamer)165 葡聚糖(Polydextrose)166 聚乙二醇(Polyethylene Glycol)167 聚氧乙烯(Polyethylene Oxide)168 聚(甲基)丙烯酸树脂(Polymethacr-ylates)169 聚氧乙烯烷基醚(Polyoxyethylene Alkyl Ethers)170 聚氧乙烯蓖麻油衍生物(Polyoxyeth-ylene Castor Oil Derivatives) 171 聚山梨酯(Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Fatty Acid Esters)172 硬脂酸聚氧乙烯酯(Polyoxyethylene Stearates)173 聚醋酸乙烯酞酸酯(Polyvinyl Acetate Phthalate)174 聚乙烯醇(Polyvinyl Alcohol)175 苯甲酸钾(Potassium Benzoate)176 碳酸氢钾(Potassium Bicarbonate)177 氯化钾(Potassium Chloride)178 枸橼酸钾(Potassium Citrate)179 氢氧化钾(Potassium Hydroxide)180 焦亚硫酸钾(Potassium Metabisulfite)181 山梨酸钾(Potassium Sorbate)182 聚维酮(Povidone)183 丙酸(Propionic Acid)184 没食子酸丙酯(Propyl Gallate)185 碳酸丙烯酯(Propylene Carbonate)186 丙二醇(Propylene Glycol)187 海藻酸丙二醇酯(Propylene Glycol Alginate)188 羟苯丙酯(Propylparaben)189 糖精(Saccharin)190 糖精钠(Saccharin Sodium)191 芝麻油(Sesame Oil)192 虫胶(Shellac)193 二氧化硅二甲硅油(Simethicone)194 海藻酸钠(Sodium Alginate)195 抗坏血酸钠(Sodium Ascorbate)196 苯甲酸钠(Sodium Benzoate)197 碳酸氢钠(Sodium Bicarbonate)198 氯化钠(Sodium Chloride)199 枸橼酸钠二水合物(Sodium Citrate Dihydrate)200 环拉酸钠(Sodium Cyclamate)201 氢氧化钠(Sodium Hydroxide)202 月桂硫酸钠(十二烷基硫酸钠)(Sodium Lauryl Sulfate) 203 焦亚硫酸钠(偏亚硫酸钠)(Sodium Metabisulfite) 204 磷酸氢二钠(Sodium Phosphate,Dibasic)205 磷酸二氢钠(Sodium Phosphate ,Monobasic)206 丙酸钠(Sodium Propionate)207 羧甲淀粉钠(Sodium Starch Glycolate)208 硬脂富马酸钠(Sodium Stearyl Fumarate)209 山梨酸(Sorbic Acid)210 山梨坦酯Sorbitan Esters(Sorbitan Fatty Acid Esters)211 山梨醇(Sorbitol)212 大豆油(Soybean Oil)213 淀粉(Starch)214 预胶化淀粉(Starch,Pregelatinized)215 灭菌玉米淀粉(Starch,Sterilizable Maize)216 硬脂酸(Stearic Acid)217 硬脂醇(Stearyl Alcohol)218 羟糖氯(Sucralose)219 蔗糖(Sucrose)220 可压性蔗糖(Sugar,Compressible)221 蔗糖粉(Sugar,Confectioner’s)222 蔗糖球形颗粒(Sugar Spheres)223 硫酸(Sulfuric Acid)224 葵花籽油(Sunflower Oil)225 氢化植物油(硬脂)栓剂基质(Sup-pository Bases,Hard Fat) 226 滑石粉(Talc)227 酒石酸(Tartaric Acid)228 四氟乙烷(HFC)(Tetrafluoroe-thane)229 硫柳汞(Thimerosal)230 二氧化钛(Titanium Dioxide)231 西黄蓍胶(Tragacanth)232 海藻糖(Trehalose)233 三醋汀(Triacetin)234 枸橼酸三丁酯(Tributyl Citrate)235 三乙醇胺(Triethanolamine)236 枸橼酸三乙酯(Triethyl Citrate)237 香草醛(Vanillin)238 氢化植物油(Vegetable Oil,Hydrogenated)239 水(Water)240 阴离子乳化蜡(Wax,Anionic Emulsifying)241 巴西棕榈蜡(Wax,Carnauba)242 十六醇酯蜡(Wax,Cetyl Esters)243 微晶蜡(Wax,Microcrystalline)244 非离子乳化蜡(聚西托醇乳化蜡)(Wax,Nonionic Emulsifying) 245 白蜡(Wax,White)246 黄蜡(Wax,Yellow)247 黄原酸胶(Xanthan Gum)248 木糖醇(Xylitol)796249 玉米朊(玉米蛋白)(Zein)250 硬脂酸锌(Zinc Stearate)。
D-荧光素钾盐使用说明书
D-荧光素钾盐*使用说明书产品描述D-Luciferin Free acid,potassium salt,and sodium salt*UltraPure Grade*D-荧光素(D-Luciferin)是荧光素酶(Luciferase)的常用底物,普遍用于整个生物技术领域,特别是体内活体成像技术。
其作用机制是在ATP和荧光素酶的作用下,荧光素(底物)能够被氧化发光。
当荧光素过量时,产生的光量子数与荧光素酶的浓度呈正相关性(见下图)。
将携带荧光素酶编码基因(Luc)的质粒转染入细胞后,导入研究动物如大小鼠体内,之后注入荧光素,通过生物发光成像技术(BLI)来检测光强度变化,从而实时监测疾病发展状态或药物的治疗功效等。
也可以利用ATP对此反应体系的影响,根据生物发光强度的变化来指示能量或生命体征。
D-荧光素也常用于体外研究,包括荧光素酶和ATP水平分析;报告基因分析;高通量测序和各种污染检测。
目前市场上有三种产品形式,D-荧光素(游离酸),D-荧光素钠盐,以及D-荧光素钾盐。
这三种产品主要的差别在于溶解特性上。
D-荧光素(游离酸)水溶性以及缓冲体系的溶解性都很弱,除非溶于弱碱如NaOH和KOH溶液。
溶于甲醇(10mg/ml)和DMSO(50mg/ml)。
但钠盐和钾盐形式的D-荧光素能够非常容易且快速的溶入水或者缓冲液中,使用方便,溶剂无毒性,特别适合体内实验。
配成液体后的这三种产品,在绝大多数的应用上都没有实质性的差别。
注意事项1)本品(firefly luciferin)和甲虫荧光素(beetle luciferin)都是指化合物(S)-2-(6-Hydroxy-2-benzothiazolyl)-2-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid,仅仅是不同公司在命名上的差异。
2)本品保存和操作的过程中都要避光。
另外水溶性储存液过滤除菌后,可以-20℃或-80℃分装冻存,避免反复冻融。
核酸染色剂
电泳后,核酸需经染色才能显色出带型,常用以下核酸染色剂:1.溴化乙锭(ethidium bromide,EB)最常用的核酸荧光染料,这种扁平分子可嵌入核酸双链的配对碱基之间,在紫外线激发下,发出桔红色荧光。
激发荧光的能量来源于两个方面,一是核酸吸收波长为260nm的紫外线后能将能量传送给溴化乙锭,二是结合在DNA分子中的EB本身,主要吸收波长为300nm和360nm的紫外线的能量,来源于这两方面的能量,最终激发EB发射出波长为590nm的可见光谱红橙区的红色荧光。
EB-DNA复合物中的EB发出的荧光,比游离的凝胶中的EB发出的荧光强度大10倍,因此无需洗净背景即可清楚观察核酸带型。
若EB背景太深,可将凝胶浸泡于1mmol/LMgSO4中1h或10mmol/L MgCl2中5min,使非结合的EB褪色,这样可检查到10ng的DNA样品,EB也可用于检测单链DNA或RNA,但其对单链核酸的亲和力相对较小,荧光产率也相对较低。
在凝胶或电泳缓冲液中加入终浓度为0.5μg/ml 的EB,染色可在电泳过程中进行,能随时观察核酸的迁移情况,这种方法使用于一般性的核酸检测。
但EB带正电荷,嵌入碱基后增加了核酸分子的刚性,使迁移率减慢,故不宜用于测定核酸分子量的大小,这时应在电泳后将凝胶浸入0.5μg/ml的EB水溶液中10min进行染色。
EB见光易分解,应于4℃避光保存。
2.吖啶橙(acridine orange,AO):吖啶橙可嵌入双链核酸碱基对之间,在254nm紫外线激发下发出530nm的绿色荧光;还通过静电与单链核酸的磷酸基结合,在254nm 紫外线激发下产生640nm的红色荧光。
因此可区分单链和双链核酸,灵敏度分别为0.1μg和0.05μg。
但吖啶橙的染色操作要求严格,应在22℃,0.01mol/L磷酸钠缓冲液(pH7.0)中避光浸泡30min,然后在搪瓷盘中用该缓冲剂4℃脱色过夜或22℃脱色1~2小时。
吖啶橙染色液(1mgml)
吖啶橙染色液(1mg/ml)产品简介:吖啶橙(Acridine Orange,AO)属于三环杂芳香燃料,可以标记DNA、RNA,属于异染性荧光染料。
该染料具有膜通透性,能透过细胞膜,使核DNA和RNA染色。
因此AO常用于细胞内DNA 和RNA进行检测。
AO与核酸结合方式主要有:1、插入性结合,AO嵌入核酸双链的碱基对之间,这种结合方式主要为AO与DNA的结合,其荧光发射峰为530nm,激发后呈绿色荧光;2、静电吸引,带正电荷的AO与单链核酸的磷酸根(带负电荷)产生静电间的吸引结合,这种结合方式主要为AO与RNA的结合,其荧光发射峰为640 nm,激发后呈红色荧光,少量结合会呈桔黄色或桔红色荧光。
因此,吖啶橙嵌合到双链DNA分子中显绿色,与DNA单链或RNA结合时发桔黄色或橙红色荧光。
Jimei 吖啶橙染色液(1mg/ml)为储存液,使用时应稀释到合适浓度后使用。
染色后在荧光显微镜下观察,吖啶橙可透过正常细胞膜,使细胞核呈绿色或黄绿色均匀荧光;而在凋亡细胞中,因染色质固缩或断裂为大小不等的片断,形成凋亡小体。
吖啶橙使其染上致密浓染的黄绿色荧光或黄绿色碎片颗粒;而坏死细胞黄荧光减弱甚至消失。
吖啶橙染色常与EB染色合用双染,因EB只染死细胞使之产生桔黄荧光,由此可区分出正常细胞、凋亡细胞及坏死细胞。
产品组成:自备材料:1、荧光显微镜2、低速离心机3、PBS4、细胞计数板5、载玻片、盖玻片操作步骤(仅供参考):1、收集细胞(采用流式细胞仪检测时,应先固定细胞),用PBS清洗细胞1次,计数并调节细胞浓度至106/ ml。
2、取适量的细胞悬液,加入Acridine Orange Stain(1mg/ml),使AO终浓度为8.5~17μg/ml,轻轻混匀。
3、室温避光染色15~20min,滴加于载玻片上并加盖玻片或上流式细胞仪分析。
4、荧光显微镜下观察(激发滤光片波长488nm,阻断滤光片波长515nm),计数并拍照。
缬氨酸
重金属:取本品2.0g,加 水23mL溶解后,加醋酸 盐缓冲液(pH3.5)2mL ,依法检查,含重金属 不得过百万分之二十。
含量测定
测定方法方法名 称:电位滴定法
应用范围: 本方 法采用电位滴定 法测定缬氨酸的 含量。
本方法适用于对 缬氨酸产品含量 的测定。
它与其他两种高浓度氨基酸(异亮氨酸和亮氨酸)一起工 作促进身体正常生长,修复组织,调节血糖,并提供机体 所需要的能量。
来源
缬氨酸是一种必需氨基酸 ,这意味着身体本身不能 生产,必须通过膳食来源 获得补充。
它的天然食物来源包括谷 物、奶制品、香菇、蘑菇 、花生、大豆蛋白和肉类 。
另外在一些放线菌素(如 缬霉素)中也存在D-缬氨 酸。
另外,发酵法生产的缬氨酸 皆为L-型,无需旋光拆分。
发酵法的菌种为产谷氨酸微 球菌、产氨短杆菌、大肠杆 菌、产气气杆菌。
用葡萄糖、尿素、无机盐等 培养基。
样品测定办法
酸度测定:取本品1.0g,加水20mL溶解后,依法测定。pH 值应为5.5~6.5。
溶液的透光度:取本品0.5g,加水20mL溶解后,照分光光度 法,在 430nm的波长处测定透光率,不得低于98.0%。
样品测定办法
测定砷盐:取本品2.0g,加 水5mL 溶解后,加硫酸1ml 与亚硫酸10mL,在水浴上 加热至体积约剩2mL ,加 水5mL ,滴加氨试液至对 酚酞指示液显中性,加盐 酸5mL,加水使成28mL, 依法检查,应符合规定( 0.0001%)。
样品测定办法
干燥失重:取本品,在 105℃干燥3小时,减失 重量不得过0.2%。
样品测定办法
测定氯化物:取本品0.25g , 依法检查,与标准氯化钠溶 液5.0mL制成的对照液比较 ,不得更浓(0.02%)。
本周氏蛋白名词解释(一)
本周氏蛋白名词解释(一)本周氏蛋白名词解释1. 本周氏蛋白(Benzothiazole)•本周氏蛋白是一种有机化合物,化学式为C7H5NS。
它是一种具有苯并噻唑环结构的化合物,常用作有机合成的中间体。
•例:Benzothiazole常用于制备橡胶促进剂、染料和药物等。
2. 本周氏碱(Benzothiazoleamines)•本周氏碱是一类化合物,即含有苯并噻唑环结构和氨基基团的化合物。
它们常用作染料、荧光剂和光敏材料的前体。
•例:2-(2-氨基乙基)-1,3-苯并噻唑(2-Aminoethylbenzothiazole)是一种常用的本周氏碱,可用于染料合成和材料科学研究。
3. 本周氏染料(Benzothiazole dyes)•本周氏染料是一类以本周氏蛋白为结构基础的染料。
它们具有艳丽的颜色,通常用于染料工业中的染色和印刷。
•例:Methylene Blue是一种常见的本周氏染料,常用于生物实验中作为染色剂。
4. 本周氏荧光剂(Benzothiazole fluorescent dyes)•本周氏荧光剂是一类以本周氏蛋白为结构基础的荧光染料。
它们具有较高的荧光量子产率和稳定性,常用于荧光显微镜和生物成像等领域。
•例:Benzothiazole-based Fluorescent Yellow是一种常用的本周氏荧光剂,可用于细胞荧光标记和蛋白质检测等应用。
5. 本周氏化合物(Benzothiazole compounds)•本周氏化合物是一类具有苯并噻唑环结构的化合物,包括本周氏蛋白、本周氏碱、本周氏染料和本周氏荧光剂等。
它们具有广泛的应用领域,如有机合成、药物研发和材料科学等。
•例:6-甲基-2-苯并噻唑酮(6-Methyl-2-benzothiazolone)是一种常见的本周氏化合物,可用作合成染料和荧光剂的前体。
以上是与本周氏蛋白相关的一些名词及其解释。
这些化合物在不同领域具有重要的作用,对于进一步研究和应用本周氏蛋白有着重要的意义。
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1、产品物理参数:
常用名
Arcyriaflavin A
英文名
Arcyriaflavin A
CAS号
118458-54-1
分子量
325.32000
密度
1.621g/cm3
沸点
无资料
分子式
C20H11N3O2
熔点
无资料
闪点
无资料
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