计算机操作员高级-文字录入(操作)_真题-无答案

计算机操作员高级-文字录入(操作)
(总分20,考试时间90分钟)
试题1
考核要求
1. 英文基本录入：在10min之内录入以下内容。

Daily, moderate drinking could almost halve the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease or other types of dementia, according to new research.
The finding adds to a growing body of evidence for the health benefits of moderate drinking which is already known to protect against heart disease and stroke.
The adverse effect of excess alcohol is beyond question. Besides destroying the liver, several studies have shown that exessive drinking can be toxic to the brain. Alcoholics can end up with a shrunken brain, which is linked to dementia. There is even a medical condition called alcoholic dementia．
Scientists at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands, conducted a six-year study of 5,395 people aged 55 and over who did not have signs of dementia. They were asked whether they ever drank alcohol. Those who said yes were quizzed on how often they drank and details on their consumption of specific drinks such as wine, beer, spirits and fortified wine such as sherry and port.
The men mostly drank beer and liquor, while women preferred wine and fortified wine. The researchers also checked whether participants' drinking habits had changed over the preceding five years or whether they had engaged in binge drinking-more than six drinks in one day.
Everyone was categorized according to how much they drank. Four or more glasses of alcohol perday were considered heavy drinking.
By the end of the study in 1999, 197 of the participants had developed Alzheimer's or another form of dementia. Those who fared best were people who drank between one and three drinks a day. They had a 42 percent lower risk of developing dementia than the nondrinkers.
Those who weren't daily drinkers but had more than one drink per week had a 25 percent lower risk and those who drank less than a glass a week were 18 percent less likely than nondrinkers to develop dementia. Heavy drinkers, who numbered 165-mostly men-were 1 1/2 times more likely to get vascular dementia and slightly more likely than nondrinkers of ending up with Alzheimer's.
Researchers suggested the blood-thinning and cholesterol-lowering properties of ethanol in
alcohol may ward off dementia, which is often caused by a blood vessel problem.
Another possibility, the study speculated, is that low levels of alcohol could stimulate the release acetylcholine, a brain chemical believed to facilitate learning and memory.
2. 中文基本录入：在10min之内录入以下内容。

冰川是一种巨大的流动固体，是在高寒地区由雪再结晶聚积成巨大的冰川冰，因重力这主要因素使冰川冰流动，成为冰川。

冰川作用包括侵蚀、搬运、堆积等，这些作用造成许多地形，使得经过冰川作用的地区形成多样的冰川地貌。

此外，若将冰川的体积换咸水量，则除海水之外，占地球上所有的水量的97.8%。

在极地和高山地区，气候严寒，常年积雪，当雪积聚在地面上后，如果温度降低到零下，可以受到它本身的压力作用或经再度结晶而造成雪粒，称为粒雪。

当雪层增加，将粒雪往更深处埋，冰的结晶越变越粗，而粒雪的密度则因存在于粒雪颗粒间的空气体积不断减少而增加，使粒雪变得更为密实而形成蓝色的冰川冰，冰川冰形成后，因受自身很大的重力作用形成塑性体，沿斜坡缓慢运动或在冰层压力下缓缓流动形成冰川。

冰川是个开放的系统，冰川在重力的作用之下流动。

雪以堆积的方式进入到冰川系统，而且转变形成冰，冰在其本身重量的压力之下由堆积带向外流动，而冰在消融带以蒸发和溶融方式离开系统。

在堆积速度与消融速度之间的平衡决定了冰川系统的规模。

冰川前后可以分为两部分，在后者或上游部分称为冰川堆积带；在前者或下游部分称为冰川消融带，其分界线是雪线，在雪线处雪的累积量与消融量处于平衡状态。

冰川是地表上长期存在并能自行运动的天然冰体。

由大气固体降水经多年积累而成，是地表重要的淡水资源。

冰川一词来自拉丁文glacier(意为冰)。

《世界冰川目录资料编辑指南》把冰川面积超过0.1平方千米者作为统计对象。

以平衡线(又称雪线)为界把冰川分为两部分，上部为粒雪盆，下部为冰舌区，它们构成一个完整的冰川系统。

冰川自两极到赤道带的高山都有分布，总面积约达16227500平方千米，即覆盖了地球陆地面积的11%。

约占地球上淡水总量的69%。

现代冰川面积的97%、冰量的99%为南极大陆和格陵兰两大冰盖所占用，特别是南极大陆冰盖面积达到1398万平方千米(包括冰架)，最大冰厚度超过4000米，冰从冰盖中央向四周流动，最后流到海洋中崩解。

冰川是由多年积累起来的大气固体降水在重力作用下，经过一系列变质成冰过程形成的，主要经历粒雪化和冰川冰两个阶段。

它不同于冬季河湖冻结的水冻冰，构成冰川的主要物质是冰川冰。

新雪降落到地面后，经过一个消融季节未融化的雪叫粒雪。

新雪的水分子从雪片的尖端和边缘向凹处迁移，使晶体变圆的过程叫粒雪化。

在这个过程中，雪逐步密实，经融化、再冻结、碰撞、压实，使晶体合并，数量减少而体积增大，冰晶间的孔隙减少，发展成颈状连接，称为密实化。

粒雪化和密实化过程在接近融点的温度下，进行很快；在负低温下，进行缓慢。

当粒雪密度达到0.5～0.6克/厘米3时，粒雪化过程变得缓慢。

在自重的作用下，粒雪进一步密实或由融水渗浸再冻结，晶粒改变其大小和形态，出现定向增长。

当其密度达到0.84克/厘米3时，晶粒间失去透气性和透水性，便成为冰川冰。

粒雪转化成冰川冰的时间从数年至数千年。

3. 公式录入：在文档的结尾处录入下列公式。