新视界大学英语第册第单元课文翻译及练习答案

新视界大学英语综合教程

第四单元课文翻译及练习答案

Active Reading

逃脱者

想象一下二月里一个寒冷的日子,你在瑞士苏黎世湖边钓着鱼;你刚把鱼线投到水里,耐心等着鱼儿上钩;突然,鱼杆弯曲了,你意识到可能已经逮到了一条相当大的鱼或什么东西;你与这条鱼对抗了十分钟,终于拖出了一条重达十公斤的梭鱼——一种长了很多牙的巨型鱼;按照不怎么科学的说法,即长得越丑的鱼越好吃,你接下来会做什么呢

你猜对了2009年,当这一切发生在瑞士的一位钓鱼人身上时,他邀请了一帮朋友到一家当地餐馆,享受了一顿美味的午餐;后来他向当地报纸吹嘘他花了多长时间才把那条鱼拖上岸来;可是,这是一个极大的错误;

瑞士拥有一些世界上最严厉的动物福利法规,专为保护动物免受人类虐待而设;鱼类、猪、鸟类及其他群居动物是不允许单独圈养的;马和牛必须每天放到户外呆几个小时,冬天也是如此;狗的主人必须参加一些专门的训练课程,并且要用专门的狗粮来喂养他们的宠物;

实际上,苏黎世甚至有一位国家出资聘请的律师安托万·格切尔,他专门给受到虐待的动物做代理律师;那位在苏黎世湖钓鱼人的事被一家动物权利组织报道并起诉告上法庭时,格切尔是鱼的代理律师;

这位律师认为,他的工作是建立在公平公正的核心原则的基础之上的;动物有可能,实际上也经常受人类虐待;然而人类常常在律师的帮助下为自己辩护,而动物却无法为自己辩护;为动物做法律代表即承认了对动物尊严的尊重;

2008年,瑞士通过了一项法律,详细描述了各种动物应有的生存条件;然而,瑞士其他25个联邦州不像苏黎世州那样有动物权利律师;瑞士实行直接民主制,公民可以质疑新法律,或者在有足够多民众支持的情况下,可以投票修改新法律;2010年3月,一群动物权利支持者要求进行一次投票,来决定是否所有的动物都应该像苏黎世的那样,享有国家出资聘请的法律代表;

农民们反对这项提议;对于所饲养的牲畜,他们小心翼翼地维护着它们的尊严;但是他们的本职工作——饲养牲畜本身,也冒着被指控犯罪的危险;连联邦政府也反对这项提议,有两个原因;第一,瑞士各州已经设有一家保护动物的特别机构;第二,这些律师需要由纳税人来支付其薪酬;最后,这项提议以70%的反对票被否决;

动物权利和动物福利并非现代问题;早在17世纪的英国和爱尔兰,就通过了法律保护动物;18世纪时,关于动物是否具有情感的问题就有过很多讨论;19世纪,英国和美国成立了动物保护团体;而后,在20世纪,动物权利运动因采取直接行动反对一切形式的狩猎,反对科研机构用动物做实验而为人们所知;

然而,反对的观点认为权利也意味着义务;尽管我们可以让动物拥有一定的权利,却

无法指望它们对我们履行任何义务;此外,一般说来大量的科学研究,特别是一些重要的医学研究,都需要在动物身上进行试验;

不仅要通过法律保护动物,还要为它们提供法律代表,这当然是动物权利争论中最极端的立场;至少,这场争论表明了对文明世界中动物的总体福利问题的一种更合理的关注;

那条鱼和那位钓鱼人结果怎么样了呢苏黎世州的那位律师败诉了,虽然这种情况不常见,但这回那位钓鱼人成了逃脱者;

Dealing with Unfamiliar Words

④ Match the words with their meanings in the context of the passage.

1. a

2. a

3. b

4. b

5. b

6. a

7. b

⑤ Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the may need to make other changes.

1. patiently; dignity

2. democracy

3. In a federal system

4. obligation; species

5. boasted

6. implies

⑥ Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in the box.

1. imagine

2. civilized

3. have accused

4. counter

5. demonstrate

6. represent

7. voted

8. contested

Language in Use

Look at the sentence..

1. While hunting is banned in some places, in others it is not.

2. While some people think that there are too many laws, others don’t.

3. While pigs are social animals, cats are not.

4. While you may not agree with me, lots of people do.

5. While that law may be all right for Switzerland, it is not for this country.

Look at the sentence from the passage and answer the questions.

1. I go fishing not just to relax but also to save money on food bills.

2. Laws exist not just to give rights but also to promote responsibilities.

3. We moved to the country not just to get away from the city but to live a more healthy lifestyle.

4. She took the job not just to do research but to achieve her life’s dream.

5. I’d like to go there not just to take photographs but to write a book. Collocation

Choose the correct preposition or adverb to complete the sentences.

d, a, c, b, d, c, a

Complete the sentences with the correct form of the expressions in Activity 3.

1. respect for

2. accused of

3. tested on

4. take action against

5. subjected to

6. based on

7. specialize in

Complete the sentences with the correct form of suitable expressions from the box. Sometimes more than one collocation is possible.

1. lengthy argument

2. proposal

3. collective support

4. core principles

5. support base

Translate the sentences into Chinese.

1. 瑞士拥有一些世界上最严厉的动物福利法规,专为保护动物免受人类虐待而设;

2. 2010年3月,一群动物权利支持者要求进行一次投票,来决定是否所有的动物都应该像苏黎世的那样,享有国家出资聘请的法律代表;

3. 而后,在20世纪,动物权利运动因采取直接行动反对一切形式的狩猎,反对科研机构用动物做实验而为人们所知;

4. 不仅要通过法律保护动物,还要为它们提供法律代表,这当然是动物权利争论中最极端的立场;

5. 至少,这场争论表明了对文明世界中动物的总体福利问题的一种更合理的关注;

Translate the sentences into English.

1. We should take immediate action against illegal hunting.

2. While the government has enacted laws to protect endangered animals, some of them are still being hunted and killed.

3. The organization is established not just to protect animal rights, but also to make knowledge of wild animal protection known.

4. Even today, much medical research is still tested on animals.

5. He lived in the forest for several months, running the risk of being bitten by snakes, and collected a lot of first-hand data.