【创新方案】(湖南专用 教师用书)高中英语 Unit 1 School life 牛津译林版

【创新方案】（湖南专用 教师用书）2014-2015学年高中英语 Unit
1 School life 牛津译林版
Section Ⅰ Reading (Welcome to the unit & Reading )
Ⅰ.词义匹配
1．experience A ．满意
2．earn B ．斗争；努力；挣扎 3．respect C ．具有挑战性的 4．devote D ．交换；交流 5．average E ．获得；赚 6．struggle F ．致力于；献身 7．satisfaction G ．经历；体验 8．academic H ．尊敬；敬重
9．exchange
I ．一般的；普通的；平均的
初中毕业，我们将会迎来紧张而丰富多彩的高中生活，你对美国的高中生活有所
了解吗？让我们一起走近美国高中的学校生活吧！
In America, after middle school comes high school, which includes grades 9 to 12. Students are required to take certain subjects like English, social studies, math, science and physical education. Besides, they choose among elective subjects to complete their high school education. Electives (选修课程) include subjects in technology, music, art and foreign languages.
Each student in the school has their own locker (存物柜) for books. This convenience (便利) saves students from carrying textbooks, and allows students a small space they can decorate (装饰) with posters and favorite objects.
Each school holds certain yearly activities for the entire school body, such as homecoming, prom night, holiday celebrations, etc.
Most high schools have at least one sports team that competes in local events, and all students are encouraged to join in sports. Schools often offer football, baseball, softball, basketball, volleyball, tennis and soccer. Some may even have sports like golf, swimming, gymnastics and cross-country skiing.,
Many high school students have part-time jobs by the age of 15
or 16， some even earlier. Their first jobs are often babysitting or cutting lawns ， but later they will likely get a job at a
fast-food restaurant ，video store ，or clothing shop.
10．challenging J．学业的；学术的
答案：1～5GEHFI6～10BAJDC
Ⅱ.选词填空
be fond of，look back on，for free，next to，used to
1．If you give something to someone for_free,_will that person value it and use it?
2．Most children are_fond_of playing with toys.
3．The old man often looks_back_on the early days.
4．What a beautiful town it used_to_ be! Now there is so much pollution.
5．Tom lives next_to a lake, so we’ll be able to go swimming.
Have you ever taken part in the following activities? And can you tell something about them?
________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案：Yes. English corner is a place where we can practice our English. After class, I often go there and talk with my friends in English about some topics we like and we are familiar with. At the beginning of this term, my classmates and I all took part in the military training. Our training was challenging. I like sports, so I take part in every sports meeting held in our school. Running is my favourite and I often win first place. Our school life is colourful, and I like my school life.
Ⅰ.Skim the text and choose the main idea of the passage.
A．The educational system (教育制度) of the UK.
B．The subjects that I studied in the UK.
C．The relationship between students and teachers in the UK.
D．My experience of studying in the UK.
答案：D
Ⅱ.Read the text again and judge which is true(T) or false(F)．
1．Wei Hua likes the school hours in the UK.(T)
2．Chinese schools encourage students to work hard.(T)
3．British students always have the same classrooms and classmates.(F)
4．British students can only study two languages：English and French.(F)
5．Wei Hua enjoyed playing football.(T)
Ⅲ.Read the text carefully and fill in the chart with the information in the text.
1．ends 2.headmaster 3.respect 4.average 5.different 6.stop7.enjoyed8.Cooking 9.dessert10.missed
Ⅳ.Look at the analysis of the sentence structure and try to put them into Chinese.
1．I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school.
[句式分析](1)此句为复合句。

句中that引导的是宾语从句。

(2)that引导的宾语从句含有一个as ... as引导的比较状语从句。

(3)what引导的是状语从句中的主语从句，比较状语从
句的其他部分被省略了。

[尝试翻译]我发现这里布置的家庭作业不像我以前在原来学校时那么繁重。

2．Students at that school have to study Maths, English and Science, but can stop studying some subjects if they do not like them, for example, History and French.
[句式分析]本句为并列复合句，现将句子结构分析如下：
[尝试翻译]数学、英语和科学是该校学生的必修课，但是，如果学生不喜欢，某些科目是可以不学的，如历史和法语。

3．I did not realize schools in the UK are so different from schools in China until I read your article.
[句式分析]本句为双重主从复合句，现将句子结构分析如下：
[尝试翻译]读了你的文章之后我才意识到英国的中学和中国的中学这么不同。

Ⅰ.课文缩写填空
Going to a British high school for one year was a very ①________ and exciting experience for me.On the first day, all of the new students ②________ an assembly; the headmaster told us that the best way to ③______________ from the school was to ④__________ ourselves to study and ⑤________ high grades.I found the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school, but it was a bit ⑥________ for me at first because all the homework was in English.I felt lucky ⑦________ all my teachers were very friendly.My English ⑧________ a lot as I used English every day. Students at that school have to study Maths, English and Science, but they can ⑨________ studying some subjects if they don’t like them. I was very lucky to ○10________ the different ways of life and I really hope that someday I can go back and study in Manchester again.
答案：①enjoyable②attended③earn respect④devote⑤achieve⑥challenging
⑦as⑧improved
⑨stop⑩experience
Ⅱ.阅读理解
My new teacher is cool. Her name is Paula so we call her Miss Paula.
The first time we met her she said we are going to be good friends and that good friends are always nice to each other.
Miss Paula has been teaching us a lot of things. Some of us used to get in trouble for talking in the hallway. Miss Paula says she can’t change the rule that we can’t make noise in the hallway but we can still talk to each other. She is teaching us sign language. I already know how to say hello and how are you with my hands. Now we love it when we have to walk somewhere and we are always quiet except for a laugh or two.
Miss Paula likes everybody even Sam and nobody likes Sam. He never does what he’s told but now he is doing better. Miss Paula says every single one of us is perfect and beautiful just the way we are. I guess that includes Sam.
This week at school was really the best ever. I didn’t even get in trouble when I thought I would, because I spilled (洒) milk on my homework and had to turn it in when it was still wet. Miss Paula just smiled and asked, “What’s this？” So I told her what happened. Miss Paula put it near the window to dry. She said the sun had been waiting for such an important job as this and would be happy to help us.
Well, I have to go and get ready for bed now. I have school in the morning and I want to wake up early so I will have time to pick Miss Paula some flowers.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。

作者在文中描写了她的新老师，字里行间流露出她对这位老师的喜爱和尊敬。

1．What do we know about Miss Paula?
A．She changed the school rules.
B．She uses sign language in class.
C．She is very kind to her students.
D．She is strict with the writer.
解析：细节理解题。

根据第二段到第五段的内容(新老师善待每一个学生；学生犯错误或是有困难的时候，她总是很耐心地帮助他们)可以判断，作者的新老师对她的学生很好。

答案：C
2．According to Paragraph 4, Sam________.
A．dislikes his new teacher
B．has made some progress
C．is often praised by Miss Paula
D．is one of the writer’s best friends
解析：细节理解题。

根据第四段的“... but now he is doing better”可知，Sam以前不听话，现在有进步了。

答案：B
3．How did the writer probably feel when he handed in his homework?
A．Relaxed.B．Bored.
C．Excited. D．Worried.
解析：推理判断题。

根据第五段的“I didn’t even get in trouble when I thought I would, because ... still wet”可知，作者把牛奶洒在了作业本上，只好那样湿着交给了老师，她以为她会有麻烦，结果却出人意料。

由此可以判断，作者交作业时可能比较担心。

答案：D
4．We can learn from the text that the writer________.
A．loves and respects her new teacher
B．is a bit afraid of her new teacher
C．wrote this article in the morning
D．picked her teacher some flowers
解析：推理判断题。

作者在文中描写了她的新老师，字里行间流露出她对这位老师的喜爱和尊敬，如cool, love等。

结合最后她想早晨早起给老师摘花的事实可以判断，她很喜欢她的新老师。

答案：A
5．The underlined word “this ” in Paragraph 5 refers to “________”．
A．drying the homework
B．turning in the homework
C．spilling milk on the homework
D．putting the homework near the window
解析：代词指代题。

根据this的上下文(Miss Paula put it near the window to dry, and would be happy to help us)可以判断，this指的是上文提到的“把作业本晾干”。

答案：A
[阅读·领悟技法]
推理判断题——
利用全文进行推理判断
推理判断题是高考英语阅读理解的重要题型。

此类题型往往不能从原材料中直接找到答案，而是需要考生进行一定的推理。

解题时，应该先寻找与题干有逻辑联系的内容，并结合主旨大意、作者意图、主人公情感等因素对其进行综合分析，而后通过联想和逻辑转换分析哪个备选项表达的信息与推断出的信息吻合，从而得出最终答案。

如第4题，我们要综合分析整篇文章的语气、用词、表达方式等多方面的因素进行推断才能得出正确答案。

Section ⅡLanguage Points Ⅰ(Welcome to the unit & Reading)
目标1：正确拼写单词
(Ⅰ)根据英文释义和首写字母提示写出单词
1．earn to get money for work that you do
2．average neither very good nor very bad
3．exchange the act of changing one thing for another thing
4．challenging requiring full use of your abilities or resources
5．struggle to try very hard to do sth. when it is difficult
6．extra further or added
7．headmaster a teacher who is in charge of a school
8．experience the knowledge and skill that you have gained through doing sth. for a period of time
(Ⅱ)选词填空
9．Visiting the Great Wall was really an enjoyable experience.We all enjoyed ourselves during our stay in Beijing.(enjoy, enjoyable)
10．The respectful students showed their respect to the respected teacher who had taught them for three years in the late 1990s.(respect, respectful, respected)
11．The devoted teacher devoted herself to educating the children. Everyone in the village respected her devotion.(devotion, devoted)
12．The result of the experiment was very satisfying.Not only did we feel satisfied with it, but
our teacher looked us with satisfaction.(satisfying, satisfaction, satisfied)
13．The teacher often encourages him, which makes him get much encouragement. (encourage, encouragement)
目标2：熟背常用短语
1．be happy with对……感到满意
2．attend an assembly 参加晨会
3．next to 靠近；邻近
4．sound like 听起来像
5．used to (do sth.) 过去常常(做某事)
6．at first 起初
7．for free 免费
8．at the end of 在……结束时
9．be fond of 喜爱，喜欢
10．look back (on) 回忆，回顾
目标3：临摹仿写句式
1．Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.
在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。

[仿写]住在大城市里使他有了很多的工作机会。

Living_in_the_big_city_ brings him a lot of job chances.
2．We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.
上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。

[仿写]在一些国家，把你的食物剩在盘子里是不礼貌的。

It_is_bad_manners_to leave your food on the plate in some countries.
3．I found that the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school.
我发现这里布置的家庭作业不像我以前在原来学校时那么繁重。

[仿写]你失去的没有他失去的多。

You didn’t lose as_much_as he (did)．
4．Cooking was really fun as I learnt how to buy, prepare and cook food.
当我学会如何去买菜、配菜和做菜的时候，我发现烹饪真是其乐无穷。

[仿写]学生们经常讨论如何提高英语水平。

How_to_improve_English is often discussed among the students.
P2.Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me.(译文：在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。

)
重点词汇1. experience n．&vt.经历，体验
(1)n.[C]经历，体验[U]经验
Please tell us of your experiences while in Africa.
请给我们讲述一下你在非洲的经历。

You have gained rich experience in teaching English these years.
这些年你已获得了丰富的英语教学经验。

It is important to try and learn by/from experience.
努力从经验中学习是重要的。

[自主归纳]
①gain_experience_in获得……的经验
②by/from_experience 凭经验
(2)vt.经历；体验
The ticket to visit a Tibetan family for two hours and experience their family life costs 45 yuan.
到西藏家庭参观两小时并体验他们的家庭生活需要45元。

[归纳拓展]
你经历越多，处理这类事情就越在行。

[语境串记]
Wang Zhizhi is a basketball player with experience, who has many unusual experiences.
王治郅是一位有经验的篮球运动员，他有着很多不同寻常的经历。

[即时训练]
1．用experience的正确形式填空
①He had many interesting experiences while travelling in Beijing.
②He was turned down in getting the job, for he had no work experience.
③Anyone who is experienced in drawing may come tomorrow.
④The small village has_experienced great changes in the last ten years.
2．真题印证
⑤(福建高考)—Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
—How nice! You ________ a different culture then.
A．will be experiencing
B．have experienced
C．have been experiencing
D．will have experienced
解析：考查时态。

由then可知，此处表示将来的某个时候在做某事，故用将来进行时，故选A项。

答案：A
P2.He also told us that the best way to earn respect was to devote ourselves to study and achieve high grades.(译文：他还告诉我们赢得尊重最好的方法是努力学习，考取好成绩。

)
重点词汇2earn vt.获得；赚；挣得
The taxi driver earns 5,000 yuan a month.
这个出租车司机每月挣五千元。

His goals have earned him a place in the club’s first team.
他的进球为他在俱乐部的首发阵容中赢得一席之地。

[归纳拓展]
许多歌手出道时靠在夜总会唱歌谋生。

In order to earn enough money, he worked late into the night.
为了赚到足够的钱，他工作到深夜。

[即时训练]
1．同义句转换
①His achievements won him respect and admiration.
→His achievements earned him respect and admiration.
②He makes his/a living by selling postcards to tourists.
→He earns his_/a living by selling postcards to tourists.
2．真题印证
③(辽宁高考)You are old enough to ______ your own living.
A．win B．gain
C．take D．earn
解析：考查固定短语。

句意：你的年龄已经足以自己谋生了。

earn/make one’s living “谋生”，为固定短语，故D项正确。

答案：D
重点词汇3.respect n．&vt.尊敬；敬重
(1)n.尊敬；敬重；重视
I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service.
我希望航空公司能多多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。

[归纳拓展]
这位新来的老师很快就赢得了学生们的尊重。

She did it out of respect for her teacher.
她这么做是出于对老师的尊敬。

(2)vt.尊敬，敬重
If you dou’t respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you?
自己不自重，又怎能指望别人尊重你呢？
[归纳拓展]
我们因他对生活的积极态度而尊重他。

[即时训练]
1．介词填空
①Children should show/have respect for the elders and teachers.
②You should take off your hat out of respect.
③She has always been honest with me, and I respect her for this.
2．完成句子
④每个人的隐私都应受到尊重，但媒体很少能做到这一点。

Everyone’s privacy should_be_respected but the media seldom do this.
⑤如果我们想赢得尊重，我们必须赢得奖牌。

If we want to win respect,_we have to win medals.
重点词汇4.devote vt.致力于；献身
To keep on winning championships across the world, Sun Yang must devote himself completely to training.
为了继续在世界各地赢得冠军，孙杨必须完全专注于自己的训练。

[归纳拓展]
罗阳把他的一生都献给了我们的祖国。

After he retired, he was completely devoted to gardening.
他退休以后，把精力全部花在了园艺上。

First of all, I respect his devotion to teaching.
首先，我敬重他对教学的热爱。

[关键一点]
devote和devotion常与介词to连用，其后应接名词或动词-ing形式。

[即时训练]
1．用devote的适当形式填空
①A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.
②He was devoted to protecting the wild animals.
③Her devotion to her job left her with very little free time.
2．真题印证
④(四川高考)If you have a job, ________ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed.
A．do devote B．don’t devote
C．devoting D．not devoting
解析：考查强调的。

本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型；do是对谓语动词devote的强调。

答案：A
P2.This is about the average size for British schools.(译文：这大概是英国学校的平均容量。

)
重点词汇5.average adj.一般的，普通的，平均的n．平均(数)
(1)adj.一般的，普通的；平均的
There was nothing special about the meal; it was average.
饭菜没什么特别，挺平常的。

What’s the average age of the girls in your class?
你们班上女生的平均年龄是多少？
(2)n.平均数；平均水平
An average of 1,500 persons visit here every day.
每天平均有1 500人来这儿参观。

He spends on average two hours a day in reading.
他平均每天用两个小时读书。

Tom’s work at school is above average, while Harry’s is below average.
汤姆在学校的功课是中上等水平，而哈利的功课在一般以下。

[自主归纳]
①an_average_of平均有……
②on_average平均
③above_average 一般水平以上
④below_average 一般水平以下
[即时训练]
1．完成句子
①使他们高兴的是，他们儿子的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。

To their great joy, their son’s schoolwork is well_above_average.
②我们学生平均每天至少锻炼一小时来保持健康。

On_average we students take exercise for at least an hour to keep healthy each day.
③他是我们班的一个普通学生。

He is an_average_student in our class.
2．真题印证
④(天津高考)He was a good student and scored______ average in most subjects.
A．below B．of
C．on D．above
解析：考查介词词义辨析。

句意：他是一个好学生，大多数学科的分数在平均分之上。

above 表示“(数目、数量、水平、年龄)超过、多于”，符合句意。

答案：D
P2.We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all faces and names.(译文：上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。

)
重点词汇6.struggle n．难事；斗争；努力vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎
(1)n.难事；斗争；努力
She will not give up her dream without a struggle.
不努力一番，她不会放弃自己的梦想。

(2)vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎
He struggled a bit at first, but he reads well now.
他开始时有点吃力，但现在他读得很顺畅。

[归纳拓展]
为使生意成功，他一直努力奋斗着。

I saw the injured horse struggle to its feet.
我看到那匹受伤的马挣扎着站了起来。

[即时训练]
1．介词填空
①He struggled against/with cancer for two years.
②Some people are still struggling for peace.
③The man struggled to his feet and went on walking forward.
2．完成句子
④她独自一人吃力地撑着一个家。

She’s struggling_to_bring_up/support/raise a family alone.
⑤经过长期的努力，她获得了自由。

After a_long_struggle,_she gained freedom.
P3.I usually went to the Computer Club during the lunch break, so I could send e-mails to my family and friends back home for_free.(译文：我经常在午餐时间去电脑俱乐部，这样我可以免费给国内的家人和朋友发电子邮件。

)
重点词汇7.for free 免费(地)；无偿地
You can’t get anything for free in this world.
在这个世界上你不可能免费得到任何东西。

[归纳拓展]
The film company gave the tickets away to us free of charge.
电影公司把票免费赠送给我们。

He will be set free as soon as the fine is paid.
只要交了罚款，他就会被释放。

[即时训练]
1．句型转换
①The company send the pretty gifts to its customers for free.
→The company send the pretty gifts to its customers free_of_charge.
2．完成句子
②你来去自由，随你便。

You are_free_to_come_and_go as you please.
③照我的话做，你就会获释的。

Do as I tell you and you shall be set_free.
P3.I look_back_on my time in the UK with satisfaction,_and I really hope to go back and study in Manchester again.(译文：回想起在英国的那些时候，我很满意，我真的希望有一天我可以再回到曼彻斯特去学习。

)
重点词汇8.look back (on)回顾，回忆
I like to look back on my childhood. I had a good time then.
我喜欢回顾我的童年，那时我很快乐。

[归纳拓展]
我们非常盼望再见到你。

She looked through her notes before the examination.
考试前她匆匆看了一遍笔记。

[即时训练]
1．介、副词填空
①When I look back on those days, I feel very happy.
②The local police are looking into the case.
③Look up the time of the next train in the timetable.
④He usually looks through several newspapers before breakfast.
2．真题印证
⑤(湖北高考)Would you please________ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?
A．look around B．look into
C．look up D．look through
解析：考查动词短语辨析。

句意：你能不能帮我看看这份试卷，看有没有明显的错误？从句意判断选D，表示“审核、仔细查看”。

A项意为“环顾，到处看”；B项意为“调查”；C项意为“查找，向上看”。

答案：D
重点词汇9.satisfaction n．满意
To my satisfaction, he has passed all the exams.
使我满意的是，他通过了所有的考试。

[归纳拓展]
我们公司将尽一切努力令顾客满意。

When she had finished her meal, she gave a satisfied smile.
吃完饭后，她露出了满意的笑容。

[即时训练]
1．用satisfy 的适当形式填空
①The company is trying to improve customer satisfaction.
②There is no doubt that this system is not satisfying.
③If you are not satisfied,_you can get your money back.
2．真题印证
④(全国卷Ⅰ)Sarah looked at ________ finished painting with ________ satisfaction.
A．不填；a B．a; the
C．the; 不填D．the; a
解析：考查冠词。

前一空用定冠词the，是特指“未完成的画作”；后一空用介词短语with satisfaction修饰动词look at。

答案：C
P5.Next year, I plan on attending a high school in China on a student exchange programme，and I found your article a great encouragement to me.(译文：明年，我计划通过交流项目上中国的高中，我发现你的文章对我来说是一个莫大的鼓励。

) 重点词汇10.exchange n．& v．交流，交换；兑换
Would you like my old TV in exchange for this camera?
用我的旧电视机换这架照相机，你愿意吗？
Nowadays, many young people like to exchange skills with their net friends over the Internet.
现今，许多年轻人喜欢通过网络与网友交换技能。

I’d like to exchange some pounds for dollars.
我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。

We exchanged our opinions about the event at the meeting.
在会上，我们就此事交换了意见。

[自主归纳]
①in_exchange_for作为(对……的)交换
②exchange_sth._with_sb. 与某人交流/交换……
③exchange_A_for_B 把A换成B
④exchange_opinions/views 交换观点
[
1．介词填空
①He exchanged the shirt for one in a larger size.
②I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.
③What would you give me in exchange for my recorder?
2．真题印证
④(湖北高考)It is illegal for a public official to ask people for gifts or money ________ favors to them.
A．in preference to B．in place of
C．in agreement with D．in exchange for
解析：考查介词短语。

句意：政府官员索要钱财来进行权钱交易是违法的。

A项“优先
于”；B 项“代替”；C 项“与……一致”；D 项“交换”，故D 项符合。

答案：D
P2. Going_to_a_British_high_school_for_one_year was a very
enjoyable and exciting experience for me.(译文：在英国上了一年的中学对我来说是一段非常令人愉快和兴奋的经历。

)
[句式讲解]
本句中Going to a British high school for one year 为动名词短语作主语。

(1)动名词(短语)作主语可放在句首，谓语动词用单数，动名词作主语往往表示比较笼统的、一般的或习惯性的动作。

Learning English well is challenging for him as he is an average student. 学好英语对他来说很有挑战性，因为他是一个中等水平的学生。

(2)动名词(短语)作主语时，有时用it 作形式主语，而把动名词(短语)后置，常见结构为： It is ⎩⎪⎨⎪
⎧
no use/useless ＋doing ... 做……是没用的no good ＋doing ... 做……是没有好处的
a waste of ＋n .＋doing ... 做……是浪费……
It ’s no use complaining without taking action. 只抱怨不采取行动是没有用的
It ’s a waste of time advising such a person to join us. 劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。

[即时训练] 1．单句改错
①Take a walk after supper is good for health.
Take →Taking
②It ’s no use to advise him to give up smoking.
to_advise →advising
2．真题印证
③(湖南高考)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________ caused hearing loss in some teenagers.
A ．is
B ．are
C ．has
D ．have 解析：考查语态和主谓一致。

该句是一个含有主谓宾的主动句。

其中的主语和宾语均为
动名词短语。

当动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

故选C 项。

答案：
C
P2.
We also had different students in some classes, so
it_was_a_struggle_
for_me_to_remember all the faces and names.(译文：上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。

)
[句式讲解]
本句为并列句，so 为并列连词，连接两个并列分句。

第二个分句属于“It is/was ＋n./adj .(＋for/of sb./sth.)＋to do sth.”句型。

该句型的用法透视：
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧
it ：形式主语
不定式：真正的主语
for/of
：引出不定式的逻辑主语，形容词/名词表示人的品
质、特征时，介词用of ；形容词/名词描述不定式动 作的属性和特征时，介词用for
It was a struggle for him to make himself understood. 对他来说让别人理解他并非易事。

It ’s very easy for me to persuade her to come with us tomorrow. 说服她明天跟我们一块来对我来说很容易。

It was very foolish of the boy to swim in the river alone. 那个男孩儿独自在河里游泳是很愚蠢的。

[即时训练]
1．选词填空：of, for
①It is nice of you to help me out of trouble. ②It is difficult for a foreigner to learn Chinese. 2．句型转换
③You are kind to take me to the station. →It ’s kind of you to take me to the station. ④To protect the environment is very important. →It ’
s very important to protect the environment.
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Let’s join hands and _________ (奋斗) together.
答案：struggle
2．Both he and I are _________ (感到满意的) with the result.
答案：satisfied
3．Everyone has a right to be treated with _________ (尊敬)．
答案：respect
4．I enjoy doing something more _________ (具有挑战性的)．
答案：challenging
5．The government has promised an _________ (额外的) ￡1 billion for health care.
答案：extra
6．After he has retired, he will ________ (致力于) himself to gardening.
答案：devote
7．They ________ (经历) hunger, thirst, and heat while going through the desert.
答案：experienced
8．Most students find the course very __________(有乐趣的)．
答案：enjoyable
9．She was the teacher who taught us English _________(文学)．
答案：literature
10．Their words were a great __________(鼓励) to me.
答案：encouragement
Ⅱ.连句成篇
1．根据提示翻译句子
(1)在西班牙做交流(exchange)学生时，我曾有过一次令人愉快的(enjoyable)经历(experience)。

________________________________________________________________________ 答案：I had an enjoyable experience when I was an exchange student in Spain.
(2)在中国，我曾认为自己是一个一般水平以上的(above average)学生。

________________________________________________________________________ 答案：In China I thought I was a student above average.
(3)在西班牙我觉得其中有些学科如文学(literature)，烹饪(cooking)等，非常富有挑战性(challenging)。

________________________________________________________________________ 答案：When in Spain, I found some subjects, such as literature and cooking, were very challenging.
(4)我非常喜欢(be fond of)这些学科。

________________________________________________________________________ 答案：I was very fond of these subjects.
(5)为了博得(earn)校长(headmaster)和其他同学的敬重(respect)，我只得每天额外(extra)花费(devote)数小时免费(for free)冲浪(surf)以寻求资料。

________________________________________________________________________ 答案：In order to earn the respect of the headmaster and other students, I had to devote extra hours every day to surfing for free in search of information.
(6)通过奋斗拼搏(struggle)以及他人的鼓励(encouragement)，我成功地通过了所有的测试。

________________________________________________________________________ 答案：I succeeded in passing all the tests with my own struggle and others’encouragement.
(7)每逢回忆起(look back on)那些日子，我都会感到愉快。

________________________________________________________________________ 答案：Whenever I look back on those days, I always feel very happy.
2．用though，however, to one’s satisfaction等过渡词连句成篇
I had an enjoyable experience when I was an exchange student in Spain.
In China I thought I was a student above average. However, when in Spain, I found some of the subjects, such as literature and cooking, were very challenging, though I was very fond of them.
In order to earn the respect of the headmaster and other students, I had to devote extra hours every day to surfing for free in search of information. To my satisfaction, I succeeded in passing all the tests with my own struggle and others’encouragement.
Whenever I look back on those days, I always feel very happy.
江苏、安徽专用
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．Chinese people between the ages of 18 and 70 read 6.7 books ________ last year, including paper books and e-books.
A．on duty B．on average
C．in turn D．in time
解析：句意：去年年龄在18岁至70岁的中国人平均读了6.7本书，包括纸质书和电子书。

on average“作为平均每人数；通常”；on duty“值日”；in turn“依次”；in time“及时”。

答案：B
2．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ________.
A．to be heard B．to have been heard
C．hearing D．being heard
解析：考查短语struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”。

句意：孩子们在吃饭时说话声音很大，我要大声喊他们才能听到。

主语I与hear之间为动宾关系，故用不定式的被动式。

答案：A
3．This kind of exercise is most ________，and therefore is a good test of your students’ability.
A．surprising B．encouraging
C．exciting D．challenging
解析：考查形容词辨析。

句意：这种练习非常具有挑战性，因此它能很好地检测你的学生的能力。

surprising“令人惊奇的”；encouraging“令人鼓舞的”；exciting“令人激动的”；challenging“具有挑战性的”。

根据句意可知选D。

答案：D
4．Peter will give me five sweets ________ an apple, but in fact I don’t have a sweet tooth.
A．in search of B．in need of
C．in case of D．in exchange for
解析：句意：彼得将给我五块糖来交换一个苹果，但是事实上我不喜欢吃甜食。

in exchange for“交换”；in search of“寻找”；in need of“需要”；in case of“以防”。

答案：D
5．________ in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.
A．Caught B．Having caught
C．Being caught D．To catch
解析：句意：陷入严重的交通堵塞是一件相当令人不快的经历。

be caught in“陷入，卷入”，在句中作主语，故用动名词。

答案：C
6．—Have you had any ________ in teaching?
—Yes, I used to be a teacher, and I had some very interesting ________ during the period.
A．experiences; experience
B．experience; experience
C．experience; experiences
D．experiences; experiences
解析：experience作“经验”讲时，通常用作不可数名词；当它作“经历”讲时，是可数名词，也可与不定冠词连用。

故C项与语境相符。

答案：C
7．Each time he ________ the past, his heart is full of happiness.
A．looks back on B．looks up to
C．looks down upon D．looks out for
解析：句意：每次回顾过去，他的心中总是充满幸福。

look back on“回首，回忆”，符合句意。

答案：A
8．On the bus, all the people except the driver ________ to talk and laugh during the journey.
A．encouraged B．were encouraging
C．were encouraged D．was encouraged
解析：句意：在公共汽车上，除司机以外所有人都被鼓励在旅途中说笑。

except连接并列主语时要保持“就远原则”，故C项正确。

答案：C
9．In the old days, his father was not able to ________ enough money to support his family.
A．earn B．take
C．cover D．offer
解析：句意：从前，他的父亲不能赚足够的钱来养活一家人。

earn money相当于make money“赚钱”。

答案：A
10．We think ________ is our duty to make our country a better place.
A．it B．this
C．that D．one
解析：题干中________ is our duty to make our country a better place为省略了引导词that。