新视野大学英语第三版读写教程4完形填空翻译汉译英和完形填空答案

Unit1
1.Banked cloze
Have you ever heard people say that they tend to be more of a right-brain or left-brain thinker? From books to television programs, you have probably heard the term mentioned提到numerous times, or perhaps you have even taken an online test to determine确定which type best describes you.
Do different parts of the brain really control different bodily and mental functions? Over the years, a theory that has gained获得in popularity is that the right brain and the left brain are responsible 责任for different modes of thought and that the way in which a person thinks will depend on which side of his brain works more actively.
People who rely more heavily（heavy的副词）on the right half of their brain tend to be more imaginative and spontaneous. They are interested in patterns, shapes and sizes, for the right brain is associated with artistic 艺术的 ability like singing, painting, Writing poetry, etc. Left-brain dominated people are quite opposite相反 in the way they think. They tend to be more logical and analytical分析性 in their thinking and usually stand out in mathematics and word skills.
While the different functions of the two brain parts may have been distorted
扭曲 and exaggerated by popular psychology, understanding you strengths and weaknesses in certain areas can help you develop better ways to learn and study. For example, if you are usually stumped陷入困境in trying to follow verbal instructions, an activity often cited as a right-brain characteristic, you can benefit from writing down directions and developing better organizational skills.
你听说过人们说他们更倾向于右脑或左脑思考者吗？从书到电视节目，你可能听过很多次提到的术语，或者你甚至做过在线测试来确定哪种类型最能描述你。

大脑的不同部分真的控制着不同的身体和精神功能吗？多年来，一个得到广泛认可的理论是，右脑和左脑负责不同的思维方式，一个人的思维方式将取决于他大脑的哪一边工作得更积极。

更依赖右脑的人往往更富有想象力和自发。

他们对图案、形状和尺寸感兴趣，因为右脑与歌唱、绘画、写诗等艺术能力有关。

左脑主导的人的思维方式完全相反。

他们的思维更具逻辑性和分析性，通常在数学和语言技能方面表现突出。

虽然这两个大脑部分的不同功能可能被大众心理学扭曲和夸大了，但是了解你在某些领域的优势和弱点可以帮助你找到更好的学习和学习方法。

例如，如果你经常在努力遵循口头指示（一种经常被称为右脑特征的活动）时遇到困难，你可以从写下指示和发展更好的组织技能中获益。

2.中庸思想（Doctrine of the Mean）是儒家思想的核心内容。

The Doctrine of the Mean is the core of Confucianism.孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中”，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。

The so-called “mean” by Confucius doesn’t mean “compromise” but a “moderate” and “Just right”way when understanding and handling objective things. 孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待，而且还应该通过自身修养和锻炼，把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。

Confucius advocated that this thought should not only be treated as a way to understand and deal with things but also be integrated into one’s daily conduct to make it a virtue through self-cultivation and training.中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。

The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core of Confucianism but also an important component of traditional Chinese culture.从它的形成到现在，
一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。

From the time it came into being to the present, it has played an invaluable role in the construction of nation spirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture.
Unit2
1.Banked cloze
I was once in a relationship with a woman who was the most brilliant, creative and driven person I’d ever known. I told her these things often because she didn’t see herself this way, despite achieving取得 great success and acclaim(称赞)in her professional field. She was also gorgeous漂亮的 and sexy, thought she seemed not to realize this either, so I told her these things too. But while I thought it was more important to praise her brilliance, it seemed to mean more to her that she was considered认为attractive.
My experience with this girlfriend exemplifies a common phenomenon in life-when it comes to complimenting a woman, men often walk a very difficult line. Of course, context上下文 matters. In a professional setting, talking about appearance is often inappropriate, but at a singles club, it may be important. She will be very pleased if a man thinks her cloths and accessories配饰 are pretty, or her hair looks wonderful. However, things in between these two cases are unclear. Women have every right to be recognized and appreciated欣赏or their intelligence and creativity. But at the same time, they want to be admired for their looks as well, for example, their perfect skin complexion肤色and elegant outfits.
Unfortunately, most guys don’t understand this. If we receive compliments from women, they’re usually about our achievements, not our looks. Most of us don’t
expect a woman to tell us how handsome英俊 or sexy we are, and some of us would find it hard to regard such a (an) comment评论 as sincere.
I’m not saying it’s very hard to be a guy these days. It is important for every man to understand how to treat women with both respect and admiration. But as far as the right balance of these two is concerned, we really have no frame of reference, especially when it comes to looks.
我曾经和一个女人交往过，她是我所认识的最聪明、最有创造力、最有动力的人。

我经常告诉她这些事情，因为她没有这样看待自己，尽管在她的专业领域取得了巨大的成功和赞誉。

她又漂亮又性感，觉得自己也没意识到这一点，所以我也告诉了她这些事情。

不过，尽管我认为赞美她的才华更重要，但她似乎更觉得自己很有魅力。

我和这个女朋友的经历证明了生活中一个常见的现象，当谈到赞美一个女人时，男人往往会走一条很难走的路。

当然，上下文很重要。

在职业场合，谈论外表往往是不恰当的，但在单身俱乐部，这可能很重要。

如果一个男人认为她的衣服和配饰很漂亮，或者她的头发很漂亮，她会很高兴的。

然而，这两种情况之间的关系还不清楚。

女人有被认可和欣赏的权利，或者她们的智慧和创造力。

但同时，他们也希望自己的外貌受到尊敬，例如，他们完美的肤色和优雅的服装。

不幸的是，大多数人不明白这一点。

如果我们得到女人的赞美，她们通常是关于我们的成就，而不是我们的长相。

我们中的大多数人不希望一个女人告诉我们我们有多英俊或性感，我们中的一些人很难把这样的评论看作是真诚的。

我不是说这几天做个男人很难。

对每个男人来说，了解如何尊重和钦佩女人是很重要的。

但就这两者的正确平衡而言，我们确实没有参照系，特别是在外观方面。

2.中国的四大名著是指《三国演义》（Romance of the Three Kingdoms）、《水浒传》（Outlaws
of the Marsh）、《西游记》（Journey to the West）和《红楼梦》（A Dream of Red Mansions）四部著名小说。

The four great classic Chinese novels are Romance of the Three
Kingdoms, Outlaws of the Marsh, Journey to the West and A Dream of Red Mansions. 它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间，All the four novels were written during the period from the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties to the Qing Dynasty.其内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、社会矛盾、文化信仰等各个方面。

They all reflect various aspects of ancient China, including political and military strife , social conflicts and cultural beliefs.四大名著具有很高的艺术水平，代表了中国古典小说的高峰。

The four novels are of supreme artistic standards, representing the peak of China’s classic novels.书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓，并且已经深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。

Lots of the characters and scenes in the books are well-known in China and it has deeply influenced the whole nation's ideology and value orientation.四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。

The four works have great research value in many fields such as ancient Chinese customs, feudal system, social life and so on. They are precious cultural heritage of China and even of all mankind.
Unit3
1.Banked cloze
In some urban centers, workaholism(工作狂)is so common that people du not consider it unusual: They accept the lifestyle as normal. Government workers in Washington D.C., for example, frequently频繁的，经常 work 60 to 70 hours a week. They don’t do this because they have do; they do it because they want to.
Workaholism can be a serious problem. True workaholics, being deeply immersed 沉浸 in their work, allow themselves little or no time to take breaks. They like to work without being disrupted干扰, and they probably don’t know how to relax.
But is Workaholism always bad? Perhaps not. There are people who work well under stress压力. Besides, some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in their own sphere领域 Their work is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment are the same thing. Their work challenge挑战 them, keeping them busy and genuinely engaged.
Why do workaholics enjoy doing their jobs so much? Of course they get paychecks from it, but it is hard to quantify量化the pleasure with money. It offers more than financial金融 security. Psychologists claim that work gives people an identity and provides them with self-confidence. People have a feeling of satisfaction when they administrate管理 a business well or complete a challenging piece of work. In addition, most jobs provide a socially acceptable way for people to meet others. So, thought some people are compulsive(强迫性的) about their work, their addiction上瘾seems to be a safe or even an advantageous one. They feel empty and incomplete when they are involved in activities not related to work.
在一些城市中心，工作狂（workaholism）是如此普遍，以至于人们都不认为这是不寻常的：他们接受正常的生活方式。

例如，华盛顿特区的政府工作人员每周工作60到70小时。

他们这样做不是因为他们已经做了，而是因为他们想做。

工作狂可能是一个严重的问题。

真正的工作狂，深深地沉浸在工作中，很少或根本没有时间休息。

他们喜欢不受干扰地工作，而且可能不知道如何放松。

但是工作狂总是坏的吗？也许不是。

有些人在压力下工作得很好。

此外，一些研究表明，许多工作狂在他们自己的领域有很大的精力和兴趣。

他们的工作很愉快，实际上他们很高兴。

对于大多数工作狂来说，工作和娱乐是一样的。

他们的工作对他们提出挑战，使他们保持忙碌和真诚的投入。

为什么工作狂如此喜欢做他们的工作？当然，他们从中得到薪水，但是很难用金钱来
量化快乐。

它提供的不仅仅是金融安全。

心理学家声称，工作给人一种认同感，给人以自信。

当人们很好地管理一项业务或完成一项具有挑战性的工作时，会有一种满足感。

此外，大多数工作为人们提供了一种在社会上可以接受的结识他人的方式。

所以，认为有些人对工作是强迫性的，他们的上瘾似乎是安全的，甚至是有利的。

当他们参与与工作无关的活动时，他们感到空虚和不完整。

2.近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛发展，互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。

In recent
years, with the rapid development of Internet technology, the Internet economy has become a hot issue.以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎。

As represented by the promising E-commerce, the Internet economy has become a strong driving force for the economic development.我国政府高度重视发展互联网，提出了“互联网+”的概念，以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共服务等领域的结合。

Our government attaches great importance to developing the Internet economy and proposes the concept of“Internet plus”, aiming to integrate Internet with other industries, such as health care, transportation, education, finance and public service.这将为互联网经济的发展提供极大的发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。

This will create great potential and broad prospects for the development of the Internet economy.随着“户联网+”战略的深入实施，互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合，助力打造“中国经济升级版”。

With the implementation of the“Internet Plus”strategy, the Internet is certain to be integrated with more traditional industries and help build “the upgraded version of the Chinese economy”.
Unit4
1. Banked cloze
Farming invariably interferes with the habitats of plants and animals. However,
this does not necessarily mean that agriculture and biodiversity are incompatible 不相容的. In fact, quite the opposite is true. The sustainable cultivation of plants for food and feed actually enables us to preserve保护 biodiversity.
By 2007, there were more than twice as many people living on the planet as there
were in 1961. Over the same period, the total amount arable() land grew by just 10 percent. //In comparison with population growth, the expansion of arable land was small. And there are limits to further expansion.
A large proportio n部分 of the earth’s surface-like deserts-is not suitable for cultivation, and other areas are utilized利用by humans for roads and buildings. Some land that is rich in biodiversity needs to be preserved and thus should not be converted转变 into arable land. The tropical rain forests, for example, have the highest species density in the world, and changing this land for crop cultivation would be dreadful可怕的to these species’ habitats and, indeed, existence.
By 2050, global demand for food will have risen by 70 percent. But the expansion of land available for cultivation has its limits. This is one of the greatest challenges facing agriculture today: How do we balance平衡 the increased demand for food with the need to maintain biological diversity, now and in the future? Efficient and sane理智地 use of land will be key to preserving natural animal and plant habitats. To achieve this aim will depend to a(an) considerable（相当多的） extent on the use of modern agricultural methods. If these methods are successfully applied, we believe that agriculture and biodiversity can coexist in harmony.
农业总是干扰动植物的栖息地。

然而，这并不一定意味着农业和生物多样性是不相容的。

事实上，恰恰相反。

以植物为食物和饲料的可持续种植实际上使我们能够保护生物多样性。

到2007年，地球上的人口是1961年的两倍多。

同期，可耕地总量仅增长了10%。

//与人口增长相比，耕地面积增长幅度较小。

还有进一步扩张的限制。

地球表面有很大一部分像沙漠一样不适合耕种，其他地区则被人类用于道路和建筑。

一些生物多样性丰富的土地需要保护，因此不应转变为耕地。

例如，热带雨林的物种密度是世界上最高的，改变这片土地种植农作物对这些物种的生境和生存是可怕的。

到2050年，全球粮食需求将增长70%。

但可供耕种的土地的扩张也有其局限性。

这是当今农业面临的最大挑战之一：我们如何平衡粮食需求的增长和维持生物多样性的需要，现在和将来？
高效、理智地利用土地是保护自然动植物栖息地的关键。

要实现这一目标，在很大程度上取决于现代农业方法的使用。

如果这些方法得到成功应用，我们相信农业和生物多样性可以和谐共存。

2.苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表，大部分为私家所有。

Suzhou gardens are the most outstanding representatives of classical Chinese gardens. Most of them were privately-owned.苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。

The gardens first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, develop in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties.清末苏州园林已有各色园林170余处，为其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。

By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got as many as over 170 gardens of diverse, winning it the name “The City of Gardens”.现保
存完好的园林有60多处，对外开放的有十余处。

Now, over 60 gardens are kept in good condition, of which more than 10 are open to the public.其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙
政园和留园分别代表着宋、元、明、清四个朝代的艺术风格，被称为“苏州四大名园”。

The Surging Wave Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the Humble Administrator’s Garden
and the Lingering Garden are called the four most famous garden in Suzhou, representing the artistic styles of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties respectively.苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反映了中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。

Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens, which make them suitable places for living, visiting and appreciating.The architectural principles of the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyle and social customs of the ancient Chinese people in the south of the Lower Yangtze River.苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。

Suzhou gardens are not only a product of Chinese history and culture, but also a carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and culture.1997年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录”。

In 1997, Suzhou gardens were inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.
Unit5
1.S tereotypes have some truth mixed in with a few generalizations. Sometimes these generalizations can be misleading as they are often based on observation of the exterior外部的behavior of people in a certain culture. Spaghetti, pasta, mafia(黑手党), gestures, fashion-these are some words commonly used to describe Italians. How much truth is there in the stereotype? As an Italian myself, I will give you some insights洞察力 into the Italian soul and clarify some misunderstandings that foreigners have about us.
Spaghetti and pasta are sacred. You can’t take pasta away from an Italian meal; otherwise it won’t be c omplete完整的. A typical Italian meal generally includes pasta as a starter, fish or meat with salad as the main course主菜, followed by fruit or dessert, and then coffee. But there are considerable regional differences in Italy, and hence inconsistencies矛盾,不一致exist between the stereotype and reality. For instance, you might find risotto(加有肉、鱼或蔬菜的调味饭) replacing pasta in some places!
The Mafia is real: We are not proud of it, but it does exist, especially in the South and on the island of Sicily. Obviously, not every Italian is a member of the Mafia, and most will be offended冒犯 if you use the term, even if you are just joking. Yes, the way we speak is unique. Italians use gestures手势 a lot in communication. We simply cannot talk without our hands. If the hands are busy doing something else, we start moving shoulders or other parts of the body.
We are also fashion victims. You can recognize Italians by the way they dress from head to toe. We wear stylish clothes and ornaments装饰品for every possible occasion. You won’t ever see an Italian wearing running shorts combined with long
socks: It’s simply against our sense感觉of style!
Italy is made up of many regions and provinces which are similar in some ways and distinctive in others. The stereotype contains some truth, but being Italian takes a lot more than that.
刻板印象中有一些事实与一些概括混杂在一起。

有时，这些概括可能会产生误导，因为它们通常是基于对某一文化中人的外部行为的观察。

意大利面、意大利面、黑手党（黑手党）、手势、时尚这些词通常用来形容意大利人。

刻板印象中有多少真理？作为一个意大利人，我将给你们一些关于意大利灵魂的见解，并澄清一些外国人对我们的误解。

意大利面和意大利面是神圣的。

你不能把意大利面从意大利菜中拿走，否则它就不完整了。

一顿典型的意大利餐通常包括作为开胃菜的意大利面、以沙拉为主菜的鱼或肉、水果或甜点，然后是咖啡。

但是，意大利存在着相当大的地区差异，因此，刻板印象和现实之间存在矛盾。

例如，在某些地方，你可能会发现意大利饭（加有肉、鱼或美味的调味汁）代替了意大利面！
黑手党是真的：我们并不为它骄傲，但它确实存在，特别是在南方和西西里岛。

显然，不是每个意大利人都是黑手党的成员，如果你使用这个词，大多数人会被冒犯，即使你只是开玩笑。

是的，我们说话的方式很独特。

意大利人在交流中经常使用手势。

没有我们的手，我们就不能说话。

如果手忙于做其他事情，我们开始移动肩膀或身体的其他部位。

我们也是时尚的受害者。

你可以通过意大利人从头到脚的穿着来认出他们。

我们在任何可能的场合都穿时髦的衣服和装饰品。

你不会看到一个意大利人穿着运动短裤和长袜：这完全违背了我们的风格！
意大利由许多地区和省组成，这些地区和省在某些方面相似，但在其他方面与众不同。

这种刻板印象包含了一些事实，但是成为意大利人需要的远不止这些。

2.中华文明曾对世界文明产生过重大影响。

Chinese civilization once had a significant
influence on world civilization.近年来，随着我国经济的发展和国际地位的提升，历史悠久的中国文化正引起世界新的关注。

With the development of our country’s economy and the rise of her international status in recent years, Chinese culture, which has a long history, is once again attracting global attention.越来越多的中国元素为当今世界时尚、文学、影视作品等提供了创作灵感，成为热门题材。

More and more Chinese cultural elements provide inspiration for and become popular subjects of fashions, literature and movies around the world.这一现象表明，世界需要中国文化。

This shows that the world needs Chinese culture.在这种背景下，我国决定实施文化“走出去”的战略，以加强中国与世界其他各国的文化交流。

It was in this context that China decided to implement the “Culture Exporting” strategy so as to enhance her cultural exchanges with the rest of the world.经过数年的努力，这项工程已经取得了很大的成绩。

After several years’ efforts, great achievements have been made in this respect.文化“走出去”大力推动了我国文化产业的发展，正成为提升我国国家形象和综合实力的有效途径。

“Culture Exporting”has greatly promoted the development of our cultural industries. It is becoming an effective approach through which China enhances her nation image and comprehensive strength.
Unit6
1.B anked cloze
To invest in women’s education and health is important for the overall welfare of the human society. The reason原因for saying so is obvious, that is, women are playing important roles in modern society. The politicians who levy征收 taxes should know that women contribute to 40 percent of the world’s production in agriculture, a quarter in industry, and a third in services. Women farmers in the
developing countries grow at least 50 percent of the world’s food. In addition to generating产生 income, women continue to take responsibilities for household activities such as childcare, cleaning and preparing food, which are sometimes not as lightweight轻量级 and easy as generally thought.
Yet women’s productivity remains low. Improving women’s productivity can greatly benefit economic growth and poverty reduction减少which are key development goals around the world. Hence, to enhance提高 women’s status is a vital part of the World Bank’s strategy for broadly based economic and human resource development.
To improve women’s welfare calls for the efforts of both women and men. If long-term change in the conditions of women is to be achieved实现, the actions and attitudes of men must change, rather than simply to emancipate解放women from old conventions. Problems affecting women are often closely related to the social relationships关系 between men and women. For example, it is impossible to deal with women’s health problems effectively through approaches that involve only women. Many women’s health problems are embedded in unequal gender relation in work loads, responsibilities for family welfare, as well as access to resources and decision-making.
投资于妇女的教育和健康对于人类社会的整体福利很重要。

这样说的原因是显而易见的，即妇女在现代社会中扮演着重要的角色。

征税的政治家应该知道，妇女在农业、工业和服务业占世界总产量的40%，四分之一是妇女。

发展中国家的女性农民种植的粮食至少占世界粮食的50%。

除了创造收入外，妇女还继续承担家庭活动的责任，如儿童保育、清洁和准备食物，这些活动有时不像一般人想象的那样轻量级和容易。

然而，妇女的生产力仍然很低。

提高妇女的生产力可以极大地促进经济增长和减贫，这是
世界各地的主要发展目标。

因此，提高妇女地位是世界银行广泛开展经济和人力资源开发战略的重要组成部分。

为了提高妇女的福利，需要男女双方共同努力。

如果要实现妇女状况的长期变化，男人的行为和态度必须改变，而不是简单地把妇女从旧习俗中解放出来。

影响妇女的问题往往与男女之间的社会关系密切相关。

例如，不可能通过只涉及妇女的方法有效地处理妇女的健康问题。

许多妇女的健康问题都嵌在工作负荷、家庭福利责任以及获得资源和决策的不平等性别关系中。

2.博鳌亚洲论坛（Boao Forum for Asia）是一个非政府/非营利性的国际组织。

Boao Forum for Asia（BFA）is a non-governmental, non-profit international organization.它是由25个亚洲国家和澳大利亚发起的,于2001年正式成立,总部位于中国的海南省博鳌镇。

Initiated by 25 Asian countries and Australia, it was officially founded in 2001. The organization is headquartered in Boao Town in China’s Hainan Province.博鳌亚洲论坛以平等、互惠、合作和共赢为主旨，致力于推动亚洲各国之间的经济交流、协调与合作，并增强亚洲与世界其他地区的对话和联系。

With equality, mutual benefit, cooperation and win-win as its objectives, BFA is devoted to promoting economic exchange, coordination and cooperation between Asian countries as well as enhancing dialogs and ties between Asia and other parts of the world.它为有关国家的政府、企业及专家学者提供了一个工商亚洲以及全球事务的高层次平台。

The forum provides a high-level platform where governments, businesses and scholars from relevant countries discuss Asian and global affairs.通过区域经济的进一步合作，博鳌亚洲论坛将推进亚洲国家实现发展目标，为建设一个更加繁荣、稳定、和平的新亚洲做出重要贡献。

Through further regional economic cooperation, BFA will facilitate the realization of Asian countries’ goals and contribute to a new Asia that boasts greater prosperity, stability and peace.。