B3U4 基础巩固练习(含答案)

Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
基础巩固练习
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．It doesn’t matter much whether Tom will come to the party or not tonight.
汤姆今晚是否来参加聚会无关紧要
matter much至关重要，很重要
2．The lake has been polluted by the harmful (harm) water from the chemical factories.
这个湖已经被化工厂排出的有害水污染了。

chemical factory化工厂
3．Newton was one of the greatest physicists (physics) in the world and many people admire him very much. 牛顿是世界上最伟大的物理学家之一，许多人都很钦佩他。

4．Unlike (like) most people in the office who come to work by car，I usually come to work by bus. 和办公室里大多数开车上班的人不同，我通常乘公共汽车来上班。

5．We live in a global (globe) village，but this doesn’t mean that we all behave in the same way.
我们生活在一个地球村里，但这并不意味着我们的行为都是一样的。

6．The conversation was carried on in a harmonious and friendly atmosphere.
谈话在和谐友好的气氛中进行。

/hɑ:ˈməʊniəs/和谐的,和睦的,融洽的
7．As the old saying goes，it is easier to pull down than to build up.
俗话说得好，拆比建容易。

8．The new stadium being built for the next football game will be three times bigger than the present one.正在为下一场足球比赛建造的新体育场将比现在的大三倍。

9．Last year，one of the plant s explod ed violently (violent)，and the local people got into a great panic.去年，其中一个工厂发生了剧烈爆炸，当地居民陷入了巨大的恐慌。

10．He has made it clear to us that he has nothing to do with the accident.
他已向我们表明他与这次事故无关。

make it clear that弄清楚make it clear to sb that向某人表明,向某人说清楚那件事
have nothing to do with 与…无关
11．During those four years，he worked day and night，thus improving (improve) his theory gradually until it was complete.在这四年中，他夜以继日地工作，从而逐渐完善了他的理论，直到它完成。

v-ing形式作结果状语
12．She strongly object ed to my mother’s marr iage. Surprisingly, my mother’s reaction to it was rather calm.她强烈反对我母亲的婚姻。

令人惊讶的是，我母亲对此的反应相当平静。

object to 反对;抗议;不支持reaction to对…的反应surprisingly adv.惊人地；出人意外地13．What makes me puzzled (puzzle) is why he left the country without telling anyone.
使我感到困惑的是他为什么没有告诉任何人就离开了这个国家。

make sb puzzled使某人感到困惑
14．Watch out for sharp bend s and adjust your speed accordingly.
注意急转弯，并相应调整你的速度。

accordingly adv. 相应地; 从而,于是
15．It has been proved that several new kinds of medicine have a positive effect on the cure for the disease.事实证明，几种新药对这种疾病的治疗有积极的作用。

have an effect on对…有影响；对……起作用，产生效果
have a negative effect on 对...有负面影响
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Tired as I was, in fact, I was prevented∧ sleeping by the pain in my knee.
conj.虽然，尽管from sleeping前加from
尽管我很累，但事实上，膝盖的疼痛让我无法入睡。

2．Because there is no air or wind on the moon，the footprints may stay there for million of years.
millions 因为月球上没有空气或风，这些脚印可能会在那里停留数百万年。

3．The school has developed an online system which students can choose their own teachers.
which→where或which前加in
学校开发了一个在线系统，学生可以在其中选择自己的老师。

online adj. 联机的;在线的adv. 在线地
4．There is so much rain on the island that its annual rainfall reaches as many as sixty inch es.
much 1英寸=2.54厘米岛上雨水如此之多，以至于年降雨量高达60英寸。

as much as表示具体的数量，其后通常接有具体数量，其意为“……之多”“多达”“整整”，强调“多”。

如：
In fact it cost me as much as 100 dollars. 事实上，它整整花了我100美元。

We walked as much as 50 miles that day. 那天我们整整走了50英里。

如上例所示，as much as 用于表示具体的数量时，其后接的可能是可数名词，但由于它们意义上仍然为不可数，故用as much as，不用as many as。

如100 dollars，尽管其中的dollars为可数名词的复数形式，由于100 dollars仍是一个不可数的概念，仍是不可数的。

但是下面这句是错的：I read as much as 100 articles today. 因为这里的100 articles表示的是可数概念，故应改为：I read as many as 100 articles.
5．The river is so polluted that every day we can see a lot of things being floating on the water.
去掉being
这条河污染如此严重，以至于我们每天都能看到许多东西漂浮在水面上
考查非谓语动词．因为The river is so polluted 表示"河流被污染了"，所以用see sb doing sth表示"看到许多垃圾正漂浮在水面上"．
see sb doing sth 是强调看见某人正在做某事，着重动作过程，而see sb do sth 是看见某人做某事，着重于看见这件事的发生．
如：I saw him drawing by the river then．
我见他那时正在河边画画．
I saw him draw by the river sometimes
我看见他有时在河边画画
Ⅲ.语法填空
I want to talk about Miss Smith，a history teacher I had at secondary school中学1.when I was about 15. Most of the teachers I had were OK,2.but they gave the feeling that it was just a job.It seemed that 似乎,看起来Miss Smith really 3.loved (love) both history and teaching it.
我想谈谈史密斯小姐，她是我15岁左右在中学时的一名历史老师。

我的大多数老师都很好，但他们给我的感觉是这只是一份工作。

史密斯小姐似乎真的既喜欢历史又喜欢教历史。

One of the 4.best (good) things about her lessons was that we didn’t always have to study in an ordinary way.For example，rather than write an article for homework，usually we were allowed 5.to work (work) with a friend to write an imaginary虚构的，假想的；想像的dialogue between two historical 6.历史人物．Then we could perform it for the class.
I think Miss Smith influenced me in two important ways. Firstly, she made me 7.intereste
make sb + adj.“使某人......”(interest) in history. Now I still read books on history and watch TV programs about it when I get the chance. 8.Secondly (second)，she showed me how a teac her can use the students’ own creativity创造力；创造性to help them learn. Instead 9.代替；而不是…just being a kind of audience for lessons，we were involved in 10.deciding (decide) what happened in the lessons.
involve in参与；涉及；卷入，陷入
be involved in参与；包括……中，被卷入……中；涉及到……
Ⅳ.短文改错
I’ve learnt from the notice that you’re looking for an English editor for
written this letter to apply for the position.我从通知中得知，你正在为我们的校报招聘一名英语编辑。

我写这封信是为了申请这个职位。

writing
I’m Li Hua，∧Senior Three student in our school. In my view，I met your requirements：for one
a 在我看来；我认为meet满足
thing, I’m willing to devote some of my spare time to serve others; for another, I’m good at both
首先；一则be willing to do sth愿意做某事serving 第二；其次
devote将（时间；精力）用于（人；活动；事业）上；尽心竭力于…
devote to致力于,投身于;将……奉献给
devote sth to doing sth致力于做某事devote oneself to doing sth 献身于做某事...
I’m either skilled in using computers. I would be glad if you could offer to＼me
also
offer sb sth 为某人提供某物
I’m looking forward to your kindly reply at your earliest convenient.
kind convenience
我叫李华，是我们学校的一名高三学生。

在我看来，我符合你的要求:一方面，我愿意把我的一些业余时间用于为别人服务；其次，我擅长英语和美术。

我也擅长使用电脑。

如果你能给我一个面试的机会，我会很高兴。

either用于否定句中，表示“两者中任何一个都不
用于否定句，表示“也不”，与刚提过的人或事物类似或有关联
He did not even say anything to her, and she did not speak to him either.
他甚至什么都没跟她说，而她也没跟他说话。

书面表达
假定你是高三学生李华，从网上获悉一家国际青少年志愿者组织正在全球招募暑期志愿者。

请写一封电子邮件申请加入。

主要内容如下：
1．写信目的；
2．自我介绍；
3．希望获准。

注意：1.词数100左右；
2．文章的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Sir or Madam，
I’m writing this letter to apply for the job as a volunteer that you have advertised on the Internet.In my opinion，not only can volunteer work help me enrich my knowledge and experience，but also it can help those who are in need live better and become more confident.
我写这封信是想申请你在网上登广告的志愿者工作。

在我看来，志愿者工作不仅能帮助我丰富知识和经验，还能帮助那些需要帮助的人生活得更好，变得更自信。

I will graduate from senior high school in June.In the past，I took part in many social activities in which I performed well and gained rich experience.My interest and skill in English，communication and teamwork contribute to my application for the job.
我将于六月高中毕业。

在过去，我参加了许多社会活动，在这些活动中我表现出色并获得了丰富的经验。

我对英语、沟通和团队合作的兴趣和技能有助于我申请这份工作。

I would appreciate an interview at your convenience.I’m looking forward to hearing from you in the future.如果您方便的话，我将非常感谢您的面试。

我期待着将来收到你的来信。

With all my best regards.致以我最诚挚的问候。

Yours sincerely，
Li Hua。