2011年6月大学英语六级真题与答案详解完整版

2011年6月大学英语六级真题与答案详解完整版
Part I Writing
标准版
My opinion on certificate craze
The growing tendency among college students to get all kinds of certificates has now evolved into a craze. Just randomly ask a student what he or she is busily engaged in doing, quite possibly, you would get the answer that he or she is preparing for a certificate of some kind. So, why’s the craze? The reason behind this phenomenon is common — the enormous pressure of finding a job. Faced with a harsh job market, most students have no choice but to seek more certificates to parlay their qualifications. Another factor is that diploma and certificates still weighs heavily in terms of signifying one’s ability. For the sake of increasing their odds of landing a better job, the students ar e compelled to run from one exam to another.
Though I have an open mind toward the craze on certificates, I suggest that students should be more rational when it comes to certificates, since they do not necessarily tell their ability. Instead, they should be more involved in learning and capability boosting, thus, opportunities would come quite naturally.
文章点评：
这是一篇“中等偏上”的学生作文。

本文先对学生的考证热进行简介，引出全篇；接着分析这一现象背后的原因；整体看思路清晰，逻辑严密，行文流畅，句式多变，用语较为地道。

本篇亮点表达：
The growing tendency … has now evolved into…
be busily engaged in doing
The reason behind…
harsh job market
have no choice but to…
parlay their qualifications
sth. weighs heavily in terms of…
increasing one’s odds of…
be involved in doing …
be compelled to do…
have an open mind toward…
capability boosting
本文有待提高之处：
1. 文章结构上，能看得出该同学试图采用议论文的“三段式”（提出问题、分析问题、解决问题）。

逻辑严谨，论证严密；句式表达灵活，用语较为地道。

2. 微观语言点方面，有个主谓一致的方面的错误（diploma and certificates still weighs heavily）；有些语句稍显啰嗦，比quite possibly, you would get the answer that… 大可简化成you’d most likely be told that…
更好，意思没有丝毫减损，表达力反而增强许多；另外某些用语多重复，比如job多次出现；为了避免此类现象，文中的the enormous pressure of finding a job 不妨改为the enormous pressure of getting employed。

从整体看，本篇文章不错，值得参考借鉴，不过用于方面还有待提高。

高分版
Certificate craze
Recently the phenomenon of certificate craze has become a big concern of the public. It is also a new craze in the university, which seems like a routine activity on campus, for certificates do play a vital role when students look for a decent job.
Admittedly, there are different purposes behind this phenomenon. Some people aim at certificates because of the employment pressure. With the admission expansion of colleges, a great many graduates have to face the fierce competition in the job market. So it is the certificates that can make them more competitive. However, some others consider all the diploma and certificates important standards by which a person’s ability can be measured. They spare no effort to get the certificates for the sole purpose of proving that they are qualified in a certain field. Moreover, there are those who just want to enrich their life by preparing for the certificates because they really enjoy their progress. From my point of view, we should be more rational when it comes to certificates, since certificates do not necessarily prove one’s ability. Being crazy in getting certifications blindly is nothing but wasting time. To conclude, we should focus on improving our ability but not merely getting a certificate.
文章点评：
本次六级作文探讨的是考生比较熟悉的话题——高校考证书热；本次试题延续了以往的考试风格，关注点仍然放在与学生息息相关的话题上；从选题角度来说，考生还是比较好把握的。

需要注意的是由于第二部分可能需要列出多点原因，考生在该部分需要注意论述的条理性；此外，在保证句法通顺的前提下，尽可能做到表达的多样化。

首先，在考生拿到题目的时候，应该先认真审题，心里大致对接下来文章的安排有一个底。

提起证书热的话，很多考生都会联想到就业压力，学校给予的压力以及学生自身的需求；因此，全文可做如下安排；
第一段，考生可以整体阐述一下该话题，陈述下目前存在的考证热现象；
第二段，考生可以对考证热背后存在的各种各样的目的进行拓展；比如说由于日益严重的就业压力，以及有的学校时不时给学生灌输的压力；或者是学生自身从身边感受到的一些压力，都可能导致考证热的产生。

第三段要求考生对于该现象给出自己的理解，考生应在这里持一种客观的态度。

因为考证本身并不是一种错误，但是考生应当注意从题目“考证热”出发，重点放在“热”字上，对这一现象做出最理性的评述。

综合来讲，本篇文章观点明确，思路清晰；在第二段给出的例证具有代表性；此外，文章中有用到不少的亮点词汇；唯一比较遗憾的是，由于时间和篇幅的限制，论证的展开还未完全挖掘出来，但在如此有限的条件下，可以称得上佳作了。

外教版
The job market today is increasingly sophisticated, requiring workers to have specialized knowledge in their fields. As a result, becoming certified is a trend among today’s job seeking youth. More and more people, students especially, look at obtaining certification as a means to getting a better job and, therefore, enjoying brighter future.
There are as many certificates as there are fields of study. Lawyers will take the LSAT, business majors will take the GMAT to further their study in the US, and those who study a foreign language, like English, might take the TOEFL, TOEIC, or any number of English certification exams.
Is this necessary? Or, is the “certification craze” just a trend that will eventually pass? I myself have obtained two different certifications: one in Japanese (N2) and another in teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL). Both of these certifications have been beneficial in getting good jobs. Therefore, it is my opinion that, trend or not, the results of becoming certified are real and can be invaluable in opening up future opportunities.
文章点评：
1. 逻辑结构上，本文大体也是按照“提出问题（考证热的现象）”“分析问题（背后的动力）”和“解决问题（个人的观点）”的结构展开。

2. 本文的亮点非常多，用语非常地道，用英语思维催动出来的英语文章，才是真正的极品。

相比用中式思维催动出来的英语文章，这篇文章是很美味的，强烈建议大家背诵下来。

大家记得《天龙八部》吗？鸠摩智用小无相功催动出的招式是敌不过藏经阁里的扫地和尚的。

总之，我们大可不必刻意使用难词难句，其实表意明确，用语地道的文章，就肯定可以拿到高分。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)
1. B. The low graduation rates of minority students
解析：全文讲的是少数民族学生的毕业率变低的问题，这也是作者对于美国高等教育所担心的一个问题，关键词在low graduation rate，其他的proportion，conflict，和academic performance都没有涉及，故选B。

2. D. its increased enrollment of minority students
解析：答案在整篇文章第一句话，Bowdoin College的校长引以为豪的是扩招了很多少数民族学生。

而不是学校排名，文化遗产继承，C选项高毕业率与原文不符，故选D。

3. B. The rising generation will be less well educated than the previous one.
解析：答案定位在第四段。

原文内容是：…, there is the risk that the rising generati on will be less well educated than the previous one. 而D选项说美国将会失去其在高等教育方面的竞争优势，这一点原味并未提及，原文只是说美国的低毕业率问题。

4. C. Fifiteen percent
解析：答案在原文第四段最后一句话。

only 15% of African-Americans did so as well.
5. B. they recruit the best students
解析：尽管C选项和D选项是私立高校的措施，但哈佛，耶鲁等名校白种人和黑种人毕业率没有差别的原因却在于他们在选拨方面做的出色。

根据原文But may have more to do with their ability to select the best students.可知本题答案选B。

6. A. Universities are to blame.
解析：根据原文第6段some critics blame affirmative action, … But a bigger problem may be that …定位到本段最后Amy Wilkins的话，可知答案选A。

某些高校只是为了追求金钱，不顾学生毕业，应该受到批评。

7. B. They cannot afford the high tuition.
解析：根据原文第八段最后一句，可知学生入学后退学，原因在于交不起学费。

8. that they are less qualified
解析：定位到原文第九段中间部分，破折号之后，and also to help minority students overcome the stereotype that they are less qualified.
9. some preparatory courses
解析：定位到原文第十段第三行，… bringing minority onto campus in the summer before freshman year to give them some preparatory courses.
10.be closed
解析：定位到原文最后一段第一句。

With effort and money, the graduation gap can be closed.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)
Section A
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
答案：
47. what is in your boss's mind
48. challenging our boss's authority
49. possible consequences
50. be proposed and reviewed
51. confrontations
47-51解析：
点评：本篇文章主要讲的是说no的技巧；如何向你的上司说no？如何对你的同事说no？
47题问的是“我们应当找出…，而不是直接对你的老板说no”；解此题，我们可以定位到文章的第三段The first rule of saying no to the boss is don’t say no. She probably has something in mind when she makes suggestions, and it’s up to you to find out what. 这句话说的是“老板在做建议的时候通常是她的脑子里已经有了一些想法了，而你应该做的就是找出这些想法。

”所以应该填“what is in her mind.”
48题明确指出提问的是作者的第二条警告；回到原文The second rule is don’t raise the stakes by challenging her authority. That issue is already decided. “我们不应该冒险挑战老板的权威”。

49题讲的是“对于你老板的建议，你应该…以及给她一个可供选择的解决方案”；回到原文第三段The third rule is to be ready to cite options and consequences. The boss’s suggestions might be appropriate, but there are always consequences. 后面作者列举了一些例子，都是关于consequences的解释；所以这里应当填possible consequences。

50题讲的是“为了保证公平性，有必要对_______的故事设立一个系统”；回答本题，我们可以回到原文倒数第二段First, you need a system for how stories are proposed and reviewed. 所以应填入be proposed and reviewed。

51题是针对文章的最后一段提问；By anticipating “what if …?” situations before they happen, you can reach understanding that will help ease you out of confrontations. 本句中ease out of和题目中的avoid 异曲同工，所以，在这里填入confrontations即可。

总体来说，本篇文章难度适中，所有问题基本都可以从原文中找到答案；特别需要注意的是有个别地方需要考生注意一下格式的对应，比如说第50题的be proposed and reviewed。

Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
52. What can we learn from the first paragraph?
答案：D. The general public thinks differently from most economists on the impact of immigration. 关键词：yet, boost
定位：题干中the first paragraph提示答案定位在第一段。

根据关键词可以进一步定位。

解析：第一段第二句“The American public overwhelmingly thinks they’re bad.”说明美国大众认为移民是不好的。

而后面紧接着的第三句话“Yet the consensus among most economists is that… provides a small net boost”说明经济学家认为移民是有促进作用的。

这句话中的Yet和boost，就是与前一句话作了对比。

说明了在关于移民影响的问题上，美国大众和经济学家所持的观点是不同的。

选项D“think differently”对应原文意思，因此选择选项D。

53. In what way does the author think ordinary Americans benefit from immigration?
答案：B. They can get consumer goods at lower prices.
关键词：profit, lower prices
定位：第三段第三句。

解析：原文第三段第三句“these producers’ savings probably translate into lower prices at the grocery store”说明移民劳动力节约了制造成本，使得我们在小店里买的东西价格更低，这与选项B中的“good s at lower prices”对应，因此选择B。

54. Why do native low-skilled workers suffer most from illegal immigration?
答案：C. They have a harder time getting a job with decent pay.
关键词：low-skilled, reduce the wages
定位：第三段的最一句话。

解析：原文第三段最后一句话“immigration reduced the wages of the American high-school drop-outs…”中“high-school drop-outs…”高中辍学的人即选项C中“low-skilled workers”，而选项C中的“decent pay”
与原文中“reduce the wages”对应说明了移民会导致低技能水平的当地人更难找到一份体面工资的工作了。

因此，C的意思与原文最符合，此处选择C。

55. What is the chief concern of native high-skilled, better-educated employees about the inflow of immigrants?
答案：D. It may place a great strain on the state budget.
关键词：high-skilled, fiscal burden
定位：第四段第二句
解析：第四段第一句提到“what worried them most was the fiscal burden”说明当地的高技能人才最担心的是移民带来的财政负担。

选项A“改变社会结构”，选项B“威胁了他们的经济地位”，选线C“导致社会不稳定，这三个选项与国家财政无关。

而选项D“国家预算”属于财政方面，与原文意思符合，所以此处选择D。

56. What is the irony about the debate over immigration?
答案：C. People are making too big a fuss about something of small impact.
定位：第五段（文章最后一段）。

解析：要做对这道题目要理解文章最后一段的意思。

根据关键词irony能够提示答案就在本段中。

第五段的第一句点明了本段的主要意思：移民对于美国的真正影响很小。

后面“it ends up being a net positive, but a small one.”是作者暗示人们对于移民影响的小题大做。

而选项C中“make a big fuss about”大惊小怪（答题）与原文意思相同，因此此处选择C。

Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
这篇文章严格地遵循了顺序原则，考生若是发现这一规律，在解决这篇文章时即可缩小涉猎范围，快速准确定位，从而减少解题时间。

57. What characterises the business school student population of today?
答案：A. Greater diversity.
关键词：characterises、today
定位：第一、二段
解析：第一段是对57题题干的综合阐述，在第三行开头的关键词“ today” 之后，我们看到“more women”“a wide range of ethnic groups”等字样，即可确定本题的答案是A. 此外，在第二段，我们同样可以发现，第二段的第二行“this apparent diversity”就直接将选项A点出来了。

58. What is the author’s concern about current business school education?
答案：B. It will produce business leaders of a uniform style.
关键词：concern、current business school education
定位：第二段的最后两行
解析：在第二段的最后两行，我们看到“which risk creating a set of clones …”,选项B中“uniform style”就是原文中“clone”的同义替换，正确答案就是B。

59. What aspect of diversity does Valerie Gauthier think is most important?
答案：C. Attitude and approach to business.
关键词：Valerie Gauthier、most important
定位：第三段的最后两行
解析：这道题的题干中有人名，还有最高级“most”,定位起来就非常容易了。

在第三段的最后两行，我们可以很容易地找到答案“also contains diversity of attitude and approach…”，所以我们的正确选项是C。

60. What applicants does the author think MBA programmers should consider recruiting?
答案：C. Applicants from outside the traditional sectors.
关键词：MBA programmers、recruiting
定位：第四段
解析：这道题的题干中，根据关键词MBA我们定位到第三段的中间部分，但是根据前面59题的做题过程，我们大致了解到，第三段并没有讲跟recruit（招聘）相关的内容，于是我们看到第四段，第四段的第一行“selecting candidates”以及第二行“seeking individuals”都是题干中“recruiting”的同义替换，于是我们确定答案就在第四段，通过对第四段的阅读，我们可以很容易的得出正确的选项就是C。

61. What does Mannaz say about the current management style?
答案：D. It is shifting towards more collaborative models.
关键词：Mannaz、current management style
定位：第五段（即最后一段）的第五、六行
解析：大写字母开头的人名很自然地成为了关键词之一，根据Mannaz我们来到了最后一段的第五行，原文中“the increa sing interest … more collaborative models”,即直接将答案指向了D选项。

Part V Cloze
答案：
62 employers 63 but 64 devote 65competitive 66 academic
67 necessarily 68 outside 69 demanding 70 potential 71 relevant
72 up 73 voluntary 74 and 75 Exceptional 76 perform
77 formally 78 For instance 79 demonstrated 80 scheme 81 peers
解析：
这是一篇关于大学生课外实践的社论，原文刊登在英国的《卫报》上，这里再次验证了平时阅读外刊的重要性，沪江部落小组里就有一些外刊的学习贴，大家平时可以参考一下：如《BBC新闻听写》《AP一分钟时事精华》《今日TOPIC》《六级出题来源揭秘》
文章第一句，同样没有挖空，旨在帮助学生快速进入语境。

文章主旨句：课外实践是大学生专业课程的重要补充。

62. 需要通篇理解才能给出答案。

63. 上一句的关键词是usually, 讲述的是“通常的情况”，与“现在的情况”形成对比。

因此63选but。

64. 这里需要一个和to搭配的动词，表达“投入”之意，因此只有devote符合。

65. 全文都在讲述学生找工作，这里的“人才市场”竞争激烈，才符合题意，因此competitive符合。

66. 本句里有个alongside，相当于beside，这里指课外实践以外的方面，当然就是academic
67. 这里需要一个副词修饰动词appreciate，根据but前后的逻辑，我们应该选择necessarily，表示“必然; 必定”: Big men aren't necessarily strong men. 高大的人不一定强壮.
68. 根据全文的大意，这里的appreciate要接“课外实践”作宾语。

69. 根据下文的描述，我们可以知道“现在的雇主要比原先苛刻很多”，所以这里需要填上demanding
70. 根据本段最后一句，Now后面的描述，我们知道，原先并不是这样，原先只注重应聘者的潜力，其实“saw it as part of their job to extract the value of an applicant’s skills”也是一个佐证。

71. 这里需要一个和to 搭配的形容词，根据倒数第二段的最后一句，我们很好判断出答案选择relevant。

72. 本空考察动词短语，sign up for 表示“登记报名”，这里是符合题意的。

73. 根据文章第一句，这里很好判断，应该是voluntary，表示义工。

74. 这里是几个动作的顺承，应该用and。

75.B) Exceptional 这里需要形容词修饰efforts。

exceptional，特别的，卓越的。

2008年北京奥运会闭幕式上，奥委会主席罗格就用了exceptional这个词来形容这场盛世。

什么样的成绩可以得奖呢？当然是优秀的成绩。

occasional，偶然的；informative，内容充实的；relative，相关的。

76.A) perform 这里句子缺少谓语动词。

perform，表现。

学生、员工的“表现”，通常用perform/performance 这个词。

circulate，循环；convey，传达；formulate，制定、用公式表示。

在运动场上表现优秀的学生可以获得体育相关的奖项。

77.C) formally 这里需要副词修饰动词organised。

可以从Goodman后面举的例子上来判断，学生的经验不需要非要正式。

roughly，粗略地；randomly，随机地；fortunately，幸运的。

注意句子中的否定成分。

78.A) For instance 下面开始举例，故选择此项。

In contrast，相反；In essence，本质上；Of course，当然。

79.A) demonstrated 词义辨析题。

这里需要动词，与skills联系。

demonstrate，展示；operate，操作；determine，决定；involve，卷入、包括。

学生通过实践经验，展现自己的谈判技巧。

80.C) scheme 词义辨析。

device，设备；section，部分；scheme，计划；distraction，分心。

这里指的是Bristol PLuS这项奖励计划。

81.D) peers 词义辨析。

attendant，出席者；member，会员；agent，经纪人；peer，同龄人。

本次六级完型填空考察了4处名词，3处连词，3处动词，6处形容词，2处介词，2处副词。

只有少数几处能通过微观层面的语法搭配判定选项，其他大部分都需要通篇理解，因此有一定难度。

Part VI Translation
82. Even though they were already late, they would rather stop for the beautiful view(宁愿停下来欣赏美丽的景色) than just go on.
解析：本题考查两个知识点，比较活。

停下来做某事可以表达为stop for sth.（此处sth.为汉译英动词转名词的技巧，即doing sth. →sth.），stop to do sth. 或者stop and do sth.。

而”欣赏美丽的景色”，若用动词组合表达则为enjoy the beautiful view即可。

83. No agreement was reached in the discussion between the two parties, as either side refuses to soften their positions (任何一方都不肯放弃自己的立场)
解析：本题语言表达在新闻英语中出现频率较高，一定程度上考查了考生平时练习新闻英语听力的成果。

任何一方既可以用neither side（后跟“放弃”的表达），也可以用either side（后跟“不肯放弃”的表达），而立场的表达较多，可用standpoint, position, ground, stance等，所搭配的动词也不尽相同。

84. The pills could have cured the cancer patient (本来可以治愈那位癌症病人的), but he didn’t follow the doctor’s advice and take them regularly.
解析：等到本题虚拟语气的用法并不令人惊讶，这是历年六级考试中出现频率最多的考点之一，而治愈则用动词cure。

heal更侧重于康复，愈合之意。

85. It is really kind of you to give me so much help（你真好，给了我那么多帮助）；I really feel obliged to you.
解析：本题令人欣喜，因为对于it is kind of sb. to do sth.的句法，绝大多数考生都烂熟于胸，而趋于口语的整句意思，也可轻易补全空格内容。

86. The war left the family scattered all over the world, and it was thirty years before they were able to reunite（他们才得以重聚）
解析：本题考查before的上下文语境用法。

除去“在…之前”的意思外，A从句+ before + B从句还能理解为A，
B两事先后发生，即A之后，B接着发生。

原句意为“三十年之后，他们才得以重聚”。

如采用汉译英中的动词转名词的技巧，则可回答before their reunion。

整体评价：
今年6月的六级翻译考题难度不大，把握关键句法结构，如84题的虚拟语气，85题的it is kind of sb. to do sth.以及86题中before的用法，可以基本保证翻译题不翻船。

而至于翻译中令人犹豫的部分可以斟酌取舍，拿不定的表达和用法只要做到保证句子通顺，符合语意即可，不必过分纠结。