：译林牛津版选修六Unit4重点词汇讲解和练习学习资料

：译林牛津版选修六Un i t 4 重点词汇讲
解
和练习（含答案）
拓展：go deaf
go bli nd go sour 变酸 go mad 变疯 变瞎
go pale go bad
变苍
白
2) She went pale at the n ews.
听到那消息她的脸色变得苍白
3) Eggs go bad easily in summer.
4) He went blind after the accident.
夏天鸡蛋容易变坏。

这次事故后，他的眼睛就瞎了
U4重点词汇讲解
1. International aid helps many people around the world to have better lives,
especially whe n things go wrong.
国际援助帮助世界上的许多人过上了更好的生活，尤其是当情况变得糟糕的
时候。

go wrong 出毛病，发生故障；变糟，变坏 go 的用法：go 在此处充当系动词，后加形容词做表语，表示变化（通常是由
正常变为不正常，好变成坏）。

eg. 1) To my surprise, something has gone wrong with the engine.
使我吃惊的是，发动机出毛病了。

2. Being a Goodwill Ambassador means that I visit countries where the UN
operates programs to help people.
作为一名亲善大使意味着我要访问那些联合国采取行动帮助其人民的国家
operate vt.使用，使 ....... 运转(系统、项目、服务等)
eg. 1) The gover nment operates a new system for assisti ng the old people.
政府制定了一个新的制度来帮助老年人。

2) Mach ines are operated by electricity. 机器靠电开动。

operate vi 动手术 operate on …
他病得很重，需要做手术
不要再提那件事了
她就是昨晚提到的那位女
eg. The doctor operated on his chest yesterday.
昨天医生给他的胸部动
了手术。

operation n.军事行动；手术；操作，实施。

eg. 1) The army received an order to put off the operati on.
咅 E 队接至
U
命令要推迟行动。

2) The operati on of the machi ne is simple. 这台机器的操作很简单。

3) You ' d better examine the engine regularly to guarantee its
smooth operati on.
你最好经常检查引擎以保证它能正常运转。

4) He is very ill and n eeds an operati on. 3. I ' m pleased to have this chanee today to talk to you about the United Nations or
the UN, as it is more often referred to.
我很高兴今天有机会同大家谈谈联合国的情况，联合国被称为 UN.
refer to: 1) 提交，交付；2)求助，查询；3 )参照，参阅；
4)言及，提到；5)把……称作
eg. 1) You can refer to your no tes in the exam but discuss ing with others is not allowed.
考试中你可以参考笔记，但不可以与其他人讨论。

2) If you are still con fused, please refer to the expert.
女口果你
还
不明白，可以去问问专家。

3) The shop referred the compla int to the manu facturer.
商店把投诉
转交给了制造商。

4) Don ' t refer to that matter again.
5) Is she the lady referred to last ni ght?
士吗?
6) The speaker referred to him as an up-and - coming politicians.
演讲者被认为是一位政治新秀。

4. I feel very honored to have bee n able to take on this role.
能够担任这个角色，我感到十分荣幸。

⑴honor vt.尊敬，给予荣誉
eg. 1) I ' m honored that you could come. 很荣幸你能来。

2) The you ng should honor the old. 年轻人应该尊重老人。

3) I hope that you can honor our agreeme nt. 我希望你能信守我们的协议。

ho nor n.荣誉，面子，尊敬
eg. 1) Every one has the resp on sibility to protect the honor of his
coun try.
每人都有责任保护祖国的荣誉。

2) The athletes won great honor for our motherla nd.
运动员们为我们的祖国赢得了无限荣誉。

3) We mush show honor to our teachers. 我们必须尊敬我们的老师。

拓展：ho nor构成的常见短语
be honored for … 因...... 而受至U尊敬
be honored with … 被授予......
be/ feel honored by … 因....... 而感到极大的荣幸
have the honor of doing sth./ to do sth. 有做 ... 的荣幸
in hon or of... 为向........ 表示敬意，为纪念.....
eg. 1) He is honored with the tit le of a model teacher. 他被授予模范教师的称号。

2) He sang a song in honor of my birthday. 为庆祝我的生日他唱了一
首歌。

hon orable: adj.可敬的，值得钦佩的，品格高尚的
eg. We all trust him because he is an hono rable pers on.
我们都很信任他，因为他是一个高尚的人。

⑵take on: 承担；雇佣；呈现(性质、外观)
eg. 1) Don ' t take on more work than you can do. 不要承担超过你所能符
合的工作量。

2) Jia ngsu Province has take n on a new look in the past twenty
years.
二十年来，江苏省呈现的崭新的面貌。

5. With the help of these armies and other worthy organizations the
UN assists the victims of wars and disasters.
在这些军队和其他可敬的组织的协助下，联合国为战争及灾难的受害者提供帮助。

worthy: adj.令人敬重的；值得的，相称的；有价值的
eg. 1) He is a worthy teacher. 他是一位受人敬重的老师。

2) His behavior is worthy of praise. 他的行为值得称赞。

3) She said that she was not worthy to accept the honor they had offered her.
她说她不配接受他们给予的荣誉。

注：1) worth 和worthy表示“值得的”时的区别。

be worth + n./ pron. / doing
be worthy of + n. / being done/ to be done
eg. The book is worth read ing
The book is worthy of being read/to be read. 这本书值得一读。

2 ) worthy表示“可敬的”时，通常作定语，不作表语。

6. Apart from the urge nt problems caused by wars and con flicts,
the UN helps coun tries with other problems such as lack of educati on, lack of food, poverty, disasters and disease.
除战争和冲突引起的紧急问题外，联合国还帮助那些因教育匮乏、
食物短缺，或由贫穷、灾难、疾病引起问题的国家。

lack: vt./ vi./ n. 缺乏，没有，需要
vt. lack someth ing
They are so rich that they lack nothi ng. 他们非常富裕，什么都不缺。

n. (a) lack of Many people died for lack of clea n drinking water.
因为缺少干净的饮用水，很多人都死了。

adj. be lack ing in
1) Mo ney for the project is still lacki ng. 开展这个项目的钱还没有着
落。

2) She is lack ing in con fide nee whe n deliveri ng a speech in public.
她在向公众演讲时总是缺乏自信。

7. One of the jobs of the UN is to protect human rights and improve laws on behalf of
people who n eed help.
联合国的职能之一是保护人权和完善那些需要保护的人而制定的法律。

on behalf of sb. = on one ' s behalf 作为某人的代表，为了............
eg. 1) On behalf of my colleagues and myself I thank you.
我代表我的同事以及我自己向你表示谢意。

2) Ken is not prese nt, so I shall accept the prize on his behalf.
肯不在场，因此我将代表他接受此奖。

8. If only I were a Goodwill Ambassador! 要是我是一个亲善大使就好了！
if only 但愿，要是……就好了。

引导的句子使用虚拟语气。

eg. 1) If only I were rich! 但愿我很富有！
2) If only I had taken your advice! 我要是早接受你的建议就好了。

3) If only I should come to your party tomorrow eve ning!
明天晚上要是我能去参加你的聚会就好了！
9. What I want to rem ind every one is, without your support —such as
giving money —UNICEF would not be able to do so much good work.
我要提醒大家的是，如果没有你们的支持一比如捐款一联合国儿童基金会就
不会做得那么好！
remi nd:提醒，使..... 想起。

构成短语：rem ind sb. of someth ing
remind sb. to do
rem ind (sb) that …
eg. 1) I ' m sorry, I ' ve forgotten your name. Can you remind me?
对不起我忘了你的名字。

提醒一下好吗？
2) Passe ngers are rem in ded that no smok ing is allowed on this trai n.
旅客们请注意，本次列车禁止吸烟！
3) That view rem inds me of the days whe n I was brought up in the village.
这个场面让我想起在村子里长大的时光。

10. We recomme nd using alter native sources of fuel such as charcoal.
我们推荐使用如木炭之类的替代材料。

recomme nd: vt. 推荐，介绍，建议
常用短语：recomme nd sth to sb = recomme nd sb sth
recomme nd doing sth
recomme nd sb to do sth
recomme nd sb/ sth for / as sth
recomme nd that sb (should) do …
eg. 1) This book was recomme nded to all the stude nts. 这本书被推荐给
了所有的学生。

2) I recomme nd book ing the flight ticket as early as possible. 我建议尽早定机票。

3) He was recomme nded as the chief editor by his co-workers. 他被同事推荐当主编。

4) He recomme nded that I (should) buy a new car. 他建议我买辆新
车。

recommendation: n.建议，推荐
eg. He should listen to the doctor ' s recommendation that he (should) stay in bed.
他应当听从医生的劝告，卧床休息。

II. However, if the pump breaks down, repairing it can be troublesome, as an engin eer has to come from the n earest tow n to repair it.
不过，如果水泵坏了，由于工程师不得不从最近的城里赶过来修理，因此修理水泵会很麻烦。

break down:出故障；失败；(身体)垮掉；(谈话、通讯)中断；打倒；分解
eg. 1) The teleph one system has broke n dow n. 电话线路坏了。

2) They have to stop work ing because the mach ine had broke n dow n.
他们不得不停止干活，因为机器又坏了。

3) Negotiati ons betwee n the two sides have broke n dow n. 双边谈判已经破裂。

4) Her health broke dow n un der the pressure of work. 她的身体在工
作的压力下跨掉了。

5) Firefighters had to bread the door dow n to save the people
in side.
消防员不得不打破门救里面的人
6) After many years, rocks break dow n into dirt. 若干年后，岩石就风化为尘。

12. Ma ny of the people have fled to the mountains to escape the floods.
许多人都逃到山上以逃避水灾。

flee: vt.逃离某地，逃避某事flee-fled-fled
vi.逃走，逃散
eg. 1) He was caught tyi ng to flee the cou ntry. 他在企图逃离这个国家时被抓住。

2) He fled to London after an quarrel with his wife. 他在和妻子大吵一架后跑到了伦敦。

3) This smile fled from her face. 微笑从她脸上消失了。

拓展：辨析flee/ escape/ run away
flee强调逃的行为是否逃脱并未说明。

escape强调从危险或其他不好的情况中逃离。

run away多用于口语，含不辞而别的意思。

eg. 1) He escaped (from) being hurt in th e accide nt. 他在那场事故中没有受伤。

2) The en emies fled everywhere. 敌人四处逃窜。

他十三岁时离家出走3） He ran away from home at the age of thirtee n.
练习：
一、根据句子意思以及所给中文或首字母提示，写出单词的正确形式。

1. My time is _______ （宝贵的）;I can only spare you a few minutes.
2. None of us knows how to ________ （操作）this new machine, so
we' d better ask an expert first.
3. At least eight people were killed and doze ns more were injured
duri ng the _______ （冲突）betwee n the two coun tries.
4. I was in formed this morni ng that I was to fly to Birmi ngham this
eve ning on ________ （紧急的）bus in ess.
5. I did nothing wrong so I have a clear ________ （良心）。

6. Professor Zhang recommended some ________ （参考）materials to me.
7. Livi ng in r _____ mou ntain village, they have little con tact with
the outside world.
8. The kind old man r ________ me of my grandfather who passed away
several years ago.
9. It takes a lot of time and l ________ t o build a railway.
10. He liste ns to the BBC every day with the p ______ of improvi ng
his liste ning skills.
11. We visited a special family in a ________ （多山的）village last
week.
12. Peter, please in troduce the new employee to your _______ （同
事）。

13. They decided to limit their livi ng ________ （开支）,so they could
go on holiday.
14. Mary wants to find a _________ （临时的）job in the summer
vacatio n.
15. Food, cloth ing and shelter are all ________ （基本的）dema nds of
life.
16. Wood, coal, oil and gas are all differe nt kinds of f _______ .
17. There is only eno ugh spri ng water to supply the n eed of the house,
so we have to p _____ water from the river for farm use.
18. That was in 1894, 20 years before the o _______ of the First
World War.
19.It is ofte n less expe nsive to see a doctor in a c ______ tha n in
a hospital.
20. They say their findings offer a cheap and easy way of help ing
patie nts h ___ faster.
二、根据汉语提示，完成句子。

21. His uncle ______ that he ________ the most well-k nown uni versity
in the cou ntry.（他的叔叔坚持要他上国内的名牌大学。

）
22. The gen eral gave ___________ that the bridge __________________
before 5o ' clock in the morning.（将军命令必须在凌晨五点前摧毁这座
桥。

）
23. _________ it rai n tomorrow, we _______________ to put off our
visit to the Summer Palace.（万一明天下雨，我们将不得不推迟参观颐
和园。

）
24.In order to write this important report well, I spent the whole
after noon __________________ the materials.（为了写好这份重要的
报告，我花了整个下午的时间查阅资料。

）
25. We should make our childre n lear n to be in depe ndent rather t han
grow up __________________________ t heir pare nts.（我们应该让孩子学会独立，而不是一直在家长的保护下成长。

）
三、单项选择：
26. _____ the earth, there are seve n other pla nets in the solar
system.
A. In addition
B. Part from
C. Beside
D. In additi on to
27. Should the prese nt un employme nt con ti nue, the society would face
a more troublesome ______ .
A. situati on
B. en vir onment
C. con diti on
D. locati on
28. The stadium which was ____ —the club ' s first chairman was built
ten years ago.
A. in honor of
B. in stead of
C. in
favor of D. by means of
29. You look an xious for promoti on, but are you prepared to ___ the
extra resp on sibility?
A. take on
B. take off
C. take over
D. take up
30. We had to give up our pla n for _____ mon ey.
A. lack in
B. a lack in
C. lack of
D. lack ing of
31. After the earthquake had destroyed crops and houses, the farmers
in the village were ______ food and shelters.
A. in great want
B. in n eed of
C. n eeded great
D. in n eed
32. ----Where are you going to spe nd your summer holiday?
----I ' ll go ______ it is already cool.
A. what
B. that
C. whether
D. where
33. He must be from Africa, _______ can be see n r from his sk in.
A. that
B. one
C. it
D. as
34. Their father is good at _________ bed time stories.
A. tak ing up
B. bringing up
C. making up
D. pick ing up
35. In his letter he ________ to the great help he received from the
teacher.
A. referred
B. men tio ned
C. comme nted
D. remarked
36. Whe n he en tered the backyard, the farmer caught a boy __ 「his apples.
A. steal
B. to steal
C. stole
D. steali ng
37. Our teacher asked us to complete the exercise without ________ a
dicti on ary.
A. looki ng up
B. referri ng to
C.
con sult ing in D. deali ng with
38. He aimed _____ a good sin ger.
C. i n spite of
I. precious
4. urge nt
6. refere nee
9. labor
II. mountainous
14. temporary 16. fuels
19. cl nic 21. in sists, go to should be destroyed
23. Should, would have
2. operate
5. con scie
nee
7. remote
10. purpose 12. colleagues
15. basic
17. pump
20. heal
3 o n f l i c t 8 e m
A. at beco ming
B. for beco ming
C. in beco ming
D. beco ming
39. There were 21,880 pers ons for the torch relay of the 20080lymipic
Games, ______ it the biggest in the Games ' history.
A. maki ng
B. make
C. to make
D. made
40. The computer system ________ s udde nly while he was searchi ng for
in formatio n on the In ternet.
A. broke dow n
B. broke out
C. broke up
D. broke in
41.1 have no choice but to review part of my previous lecture _
those who had bee n abse nt from some classes.
A. on purpose
B. in retur n for
D. for the ben efit of
42. Although the co mputer seems a bit too expe nsive, it is
A. worth to buy
B. worthy of buying
C. worth buying
D. worth being bought
43. This hotel _____ me _____ t he o 「ne where we lived last year.
A. rem in ds, to
B. remembers, of
C. rem in ds, of
D. remembers, of
44. ____ a teacher has give n permissi on is a stude nt allowed to
en ter the classroom.
A. If on ly
B. On ly if
C. As if
D. Eve n if
45. It is recomme nded that the project _____ un til all the
preparati ons have bee n made.
A. is not started
B. will not be started
C. not be started
D. is not to start
答案:
25. un der the umbrella of
26-30 DAAAC 31-35 BDDCA 36-40 DBAAA 41-45 DCCBC。