Unit1知识点提要牛津译林版英语八年级上册

8A Unit 1 知识点提要
一、词汇
1.口渴的adj. thirsty ▲比较级：thirstier ▲最高级：the thirstiest
渴望某物be thirsty for sth.
2.诚实的，正直的adj. honest比较级：-er 最高级：the -est
★一个诚实的男孩an honest boy
说实话To be honest, = To tell the truth,
不诚实的adj. dishonest 诚实地adv. honestly 诚实n. honesty
3.秘密可n. secret (a/-s) ...的秘密the secret of...
秘密的adj.8AU4secret
4.★（为某人）保守秘密（短语）（2种）keep a secret (for sb.) =keep secrets (for sb.)
保密8AU4（短语）keep it secret
某人自守秘密(不将秘密说出去) keep secrets to oneself
对某人隐瞒keep secrets from sb.
5.欢乐，高兴；乐趣不可n. *joy
6.关心，关注，在意v. care →三单：-s →▲过去式：-d →▲现分：caring
7.关心，关怀（短语）care about
8.你自己反身代词. yourself [复]你们自己反身代词. yourselves8AU3
★相信你自己believe in yourself
★随便吃/喝(...)；请自便help yourself/ yourselves (to...)
9.青少年可n. *teenager (a/-s)
在青少年中among teenagers
10.杂志可n. magazine (a/-s)
11.好看的，漂亮的adj. good-looking
12.幽默的adj. humorous比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
13.幽默不可n. *humo(u)r
14.礼貌的adj. polite ▲比较级：-r ▲最高级：the -st
对某人有礼貌be polite to sb.
礼貌地adv. politely 比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
不礼貌的adj. impolite
不礼貌地adv. impolitely
15.爱整洁的，整洁的adj. tidy▲比较级：tidier ▲最高级：the tidiest
★不整洁的adj. untidy
收拾，整理v.8AU4tidy →▲三单：tidies →▲过去式：tidied →▲现分：tiding
收拾妥，整理好（短语）8AU4 tidy up
整理好你的卧室tidy up your bedroom
整理好它tidy it up
16.成为；适合v. make →三单：-s →▲过去式：made →▲现分：making
（1）“成为”★成为一名杰出的老师make/become/be an excellent teacher
（2）“使”★使某人做某事make sb. do sth.
★使某人/某事adj. make sb./sth. +adj.
★使某人成为n. make sb. +n.
（3）“制作”制作一些纸玫瑰8AU4 make some paper roses
17.信任不可n. trust →三单：-s →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing\
18.adj. true
★实现某人的梦想make one’s dream come true
区分：真诚地adv. truly 信任v. trust 真相不可n. truth
19.谎言可n. lie (a/-s) 撒谎tell a lie= tell lies
撒谎v. lie→三单：-s →▲过去式：-d →▲现分：lying
躺，位于v. lie→三单：-s →▲过去式：lay →▲现分：lying
20.玩笑可n. joke (a/-s)
讲有趣的笑话tell a funny joke= tell funny jokes
21.慷慨的，大方的adj. *generous比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
对某人慷慨be generous to sb.
22.乐意的，愿意的adj. *willing比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
★愿意做某事be willing to do sth.
23.在任何时候adv. any time= anytime
24.嗓音可n. voice (a/-s) 常用单数有良好的嗓音have a good voice
噪音不可n. noise
声音可n. sound (a/-s) 发出美妙的声音make a beautiful sound= make beautiful sounds
系v. sound 听起来不错。

(That) sounds good/great.
25.歌手可n. singer (a/-s)
26.几乎，差不多adv. almost= nearly8AU8
几乎不adv.h ardly
27.周围，绕一整圈；转过来adv.8AU6 round比较级：-er 最高级：the -est
28.平方的adj.7BU1&广场可n. (a/-s)8AU3 square▲比较级：-r ▲最高级：the -st
29.感觉；观念；意识可n. sense (a/-s) 常用单数
★很有幽默感have a good sense of humour
方向感差have a poor sense of direction
有很强的时间观念have a strong sense of time
有是非观念have a sense of right and wrong
30.无聊的adj. bored[形容事/物]比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
对...感到无聊feel/get bored with...
无聊的adj.boring[形容事/物] 比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
31.可容纳，装进v. fit →三单：-s →▲过去式：-ted →▲现分：-ting
适合，合身v. fit考点：fit和match的区分：sth. fit(适合，合身) sb. sth. match(相配) sth.
( ) . As we know, a red jacket doesn’t _____ green trousers. But when a little girl wears them, they _____ her very well.
A. fit; fit
B.match; match
C.fit; match
D.match; fit
合适的adj. fit适合... be fit for ...
健康的adj. fit保持健康keep fit
32.碰，撞；把...撞击成v. knock →三单：-s →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing
33.到...的上面动态prep. onto
★把A碰到B上knock A onto B
34.径直地adv. straight比较级：-er 最高级：the -est
有长直发have long straight hair
35.甜(美)的adj. sweet= cute= lovely 比较级：-er 最高级：the -est
糖果可n. sweet (a/-s)
36.微笑v. smile →三单：-s →▲过去式：-d →▲现分：smiling
37.微笑可n. smile (a/-s) 常用单数
某人面带微笑have/wear a smile on one’s face
38.微笑的，带着笑意的adj. smiling
★微笑的眼睛smiling eyes
39.个性可n. *personality ▲(a/personalities)
40.选择；挑选v. choose →三单：-s →▲过去式：chose →▲现分：choosing
选择A作为B choose A as B
选择做某事choose to do sth.
41.更差，更糟，更坏adj. (bad的比较级) worse
42.最差，最糟，最坏adj. (bad的最高级) worst
43.高，高度不可n. height
★...的高度（是什么？）(What’s) the height of ...(?) ★在高度上in height
高的adj.high比较级：-er 最高级：the -est
44.重量不可n. weight
★...的重量（是什么？）(What’s) the weight of ...(?) ★在重量上in weight
减肥lose weight 增肥put on weight
重的adj.heavy▲比较级：heavier ▲最高级：the heaviest
重达v.weigh→★三单：-s →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing
[拓展]提问重量的句型3种、回答重量的句型2种
e.g. 问：？
e.g. 答：
[易错题]
( )1.—_______ did you weigh when you were born ? —My _______ was about 3.5kg.
A.How heavy; weigh
B. How many; weigh
C. How much; weight
D. How much; weigh
( )2.—_______ does Daniel weigh? He looks quite slim. —He _______ 50kg at most.
A.How heavy; weighes
B. How many; weights
C. How much; weighs
D. How much; weights
45.秒可n. second (a/-s)
第二序数词. second
46.竞赛，比赛可n. (a/-s) &竞争不可n. competition
47.测试，考查可n. test (a/-s)
测试，考查v. test→三单：-s →过去式：-ed →现分：-ing
48.游泳者可n. swimmer (a/-s)
49.打算，计划可n. plan (a/-s)
未来的计划future plans 为...做计划make a plan for...
打算，计划v. plan→三单：-s →▲过去式：-ned →▲现分：-ning
打算做某事plan to do sth.
50.社会的adj. social
协会；社会可n.8AU6 society ▲(a/societies)
51.社会工作者（短语）social worker
52.马尾辫可n. ponytail (a/-s)
53.害羞的adj. shy比较级：-er 最高级：the -est
54.英俊的adj. handsome▲比较级：-r ▲最高级：the -st
55.胖的adj. fat▲比较级：-ter ▲最高级：the -test
56.勤奋的，工作努力的adj. hard-working比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
57.耐心的adj. patient比较级：more ~ 最高级：the most ~
对...有耐心be patient with...
病人可n. patient (a/-s)
58.不快乐的，悲伤的adj. unhappy▲比较级：unhappier ▲最高级：the unhappiest
快乐的adj. happy
59.杰出的，极好的adj. excellent
★成为一名杰出的老师make/become/be an excellent teacher
二、语言点
1.不定代词用法4种
①不代＋adj. ②不代＋to do
③不代＋else ④不代作主语，谓v.用单数
e.g. Something ______ (be) wrong with my computer.
2.数词＋more＋n. =another＋数词＋n.
e.g.______________________________________________
some＋more＋n.
3.Maybe“也许，可能”放句首。

may be“也许是，可能是”放句中。

4.他说的话(2种) what he says= his words
5.做某事费力(3种) have problems/trouble/difficulty with sth.= have problems/trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.
6.疑问词做主语，谓v.用单数
e.g. —He said he wanted to own a big farm. —Who _______ (在意) what he said ? He is such a big mouth.
7.与某人分享某物share sth. with sb.
8.帮助某人做某事help sb. do/with sth.
9.past _____________________________ pass ______________________________
[典型例题]
( ). Amy knocked my pen _______ the floor when he walked ______ my desk yesterday.
A. onto;pass
B. onto; past
C. into; pass
D. into; past
10.帮过去式中文用法
say______ “说”①say＋说话内容（hello/hi/goodbye/sorry/“……”）
②★纸制材料
)
say
______ “说”
★“演讲”①
★speak＋语言（
Chinese/English...）① speak to sb.
talk______ “谈论”★talk＋介词（about/with/to/of）
tell______告诉”
“讲”①①告诉某人(不要)做某事tell sb. (not) to do sth.
①告诉某人某事tell sth. to sb.= tell sb. sth.
①①固搭5种
讲笑话tell jokes= tell a joke 讲故事tell stories= tell a story 撒谎tell lies= tell a lie 说实话tell the truth
区分tell the difference
[典型例题]
( )1．My pen pal lives in America, but she often ________ we can ________ Chinese when I ________ with her online. Sometimes she doesn’t understand what I ________.
A．tells, speak, talk, say B．says, talk, speak, tell
C．tells, speak, talk, speak D．says, speak, talk, say
( )2．—Can you _____Chinese, Tony?
—Yes ,but to ___ the truth, I could hardly ____ a word when I ___ in front of the whole school yesterday. A．speak; tell; say; spoke B．say; talk; speak; talked
C．say; tell; speak; talked D．speak; tell; talk; spoke
( )3．Millie can’t _____ it in Chinese because she can’t _____ Chinese. Can she _____ us the story in English? A．speak; say; tell B．say; speak; tell C．tell; speak; say D．say; tell; speak
( )4．— What does the sign ______ the bench say?— It _____ “Wet Paint”.
A．talks B．tells C．says D．speaks
11.事/物worry... 某事/某物使...担心人worry about...= 人be worried about... 某人担心...
[典型例题]
( ) .Ann is really down these days.She ______ her sick mother and her new job _____ her too.
A.worries;worries
B.worries;worries about
C.worries about;worries
D.worries about;worries about
12.because ＋句子，because of ＋名词（性短语）
13.说某人的坏话say a bad word/bad words about sb.
14.想要做某事would like to do sth.
15.be famous for... 因...而著名、be famous as... 作为...而著名、be famous to... 为...所熟知
16.be friendly to... 对...友好、make friends (with...) （和...）交朋友
17.If从句（通过If或逗号断开主句、从句）注意区分if翻译为“是否”还是“如果”
主将从现：★
( ) 1. —I don't know if they the Great Wall next Sunday. —They won’t go there if it .
A．visit; snows B．visit; will snow C．will visit; will snow D．will visit; snows
( ) 2. If you __________take my advice, you __________regret(后悔) later.
A．don’t; will B．won’t; will C．don’t; won’t D．won’t; don’t
主情从现：
( ) 3. — Do you know if it tomorrow? — I am not sure. It may snow if the temperature below zero. A．snows; will drop B．will snow; will drop C．will snow; drops D．snows; drops
主祈从现：
( ) 4. If you have problems sleep at night, a glass of warm milk.
A．of; to drink B．about; drinking C．with; drink D．to; drinking
18.提问“外貌、品质、爱好”的4个句型
①★★★What is sb. like ?提问外、品②What does sb. look like ? 提问外
③How does he look ?提问外④What does he like ? 提问爱好
19.both A and B“A和B都”谓v.的数取决于A和B
not only A but (also) B“不仅A而且B”谓v.的数取决于B，即就近原则
Both the twins and Jack _______(be) from the UK.
Not only the twins but also Jack _______(be) from the UK.
20.排除法解题：前后从属有other，前后不从属无other。

any＋可n.单、any other＋可n.单、the other＋可n.复( )1. Shanghai is more modern than _____ in Jiangsu Province and it is also more modern than _____ in China.
A.any city; any city
B. any city; the other cities
C. any other city; the other cities
D. any other city; any city ( )2. The boy in Class 3 jumps higher than _______ in class 2 and higher than ______ in his school.
A. any other student; the other students
B. any student; any other student
C. any other student; any students
D.any student; the other student
( )3. Shanghai is much larger than _____ in France and it is one of the _____ cities in China．
A. any city, biggest
B. any other city, bigger
C. any other city; biggest
D.any city; bigger
三、语法（8AU1& 8AU2）
1、比较级和最高级的构成方法（2类）
附：3个考点
（1）less ＋adj.，意为“较不adj.”，如less important 意为“较不重要”。

the least ＋adj .，意为“最不adj.”，如the least important 意为“最不重要”。

（2）older 和elder 都意为“年纪更大”，但older 无血缘关系，elder 有血缘关系。

（3）★further 常考固搭5种：
进一步学习/ 进一步讨论 更多的信息 其他的问题 再往前/下走
2、比较级的用法（6种）
★比较级＋than ★much/even/a little ＋比较级
★两者比较时，用比较级 ★见到of the two, 用 the ＋比较级 ★越…，就越… The ＋比较级…, The ＋比较级…
★越来越… 短形比and 短形比 越来越强壮________________________________________________
more and more 长形原 越来越漂亮________________________________________________
3、最高级的用法（5种）
①见到of the three /of all ，用the ＋最高级
②见到表示范围的in 短语，用the ＋最高级 如：in the world ，in our class ③三者或三者以上比较时，用the ＋最高级
④one of the ＋adj.最高级＋可n.复（做主语，谓v.用单数）
⑤the ＋序数词＋adj.最高级，意为“第几adj.” 如：the second largest city 意为“第二大城市”
注意：若adj.最高级前有形物代、名词所有格，要省略the
[易错题]
( )1. Which is ___________, the earth, the sun or the moon?
A．as big as B．big C．bigger D．the biggest
( )2. Which is ______ to the Earth, the Sun or the Moon?
A．close B．closer C．closest D．the closest
( )3. Which city do you think is ______ from Nanjing, Beijing or Dalian?
A.farthest
B. far
C. farther
D. the farthest
4.Which do you like _________ (well), Daisy, juice or cola ?
4、数量(number)只能比大小，不能比多少。

( )1. The number of the students in our school ______than ______in Rocky Mountain High School.
A. is more; that
B. are larger; the ones
C. are more; that of ones
D. is larger; that of the students
5、价格(price)只能比高低，不能比贵或便宜。

()1. The price of the car is so ________ that I can’t afford it.
A．cheap B．expensive C．low D．high
()2．— Is the ticket price of Town Cinema ________ than that of Movie Palace?
— Yes, and it has ________ service, too. Town Cinema is the best choice.
A．lower; better B．cheaper; worse C．lower; worse D．cheaper; better
()3．The price of the T-shirt is not ________, but this kind of silk dress is very ________.
A．high; expensive B．high; cheap C．expensive; high D．expensive; cheap
()4．This bag is not expensive. And the price of it is the ________ of the three.
A．lowest B．biggest C．highest D．smallest
( )5．The price of cars is getting ________ now, and some people can easily afford to buy one. A．cheaper and cheaper B．lower and lower C．more and more expensive D．higher and higher
6、指示代词that指代上文的可n.单/不可n.，those指代上文的可n.复。

e.g. —The weather in Heilongjiang is much colder than that in Guangdong.
—Yes. That’s why the students in Heilongjiang have a longer winter holiday than those in Guangdong.
7、情景交际题考点：“否定词＋比较级”表最高级的3句话。

①I can’t agree more. 我再同意不过了。

②It couldn’t be better.它再好不过了。

③It couldn’t be worse.它再糟糕不过了。

8、It could be better. 它本可以更好。