英语有很多很细小的知识点

英语有很多很细小的知识点,而这些细小的知识点往往就是考点。

同学们很容易由于注意不到而犯错误,下面就初一年级同学们比较容易犯错误的知识点做一
个汇总。

[第一类]名词类
1. 这些女老师们在干什么?
[误] What are the woman teachers doing?
[正] What are the women teachers doing?
[析]在英语中,当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时,作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman 作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时,要用其复数形式men, women.
2. 房间里有多少人?
[误] How many peoples are there in the room?
[正] How many people are there in the room?
[析] people作“人、人们”解时,是个集合名词,其单复数同形。

3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。

[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.
[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.
[析]表示不可数名词的数量时,常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构,其中当数词大于1时,表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。

[第二类]动词类
4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?
[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?
[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?
[析]借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时,句中的谓语动词用其原形。

5. 琳达晚上经常做作业,但今晚她在看电视。

[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.
[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.
[析]在初一英语学习阶段,我们接触到了两种主要时态:一般现在时和现在进行时。

一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常和often, usually, sometimes 等时间状语连用。

在一般现在时的句子中,若主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。

现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作,现在进行时由be(am / is / are)+ving形式构成。

6. 这双鞋是红色的。

[误] This pair of shoes are red.
[正] This pair of shoes is red.
[析]在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时,谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。

[第三类]代词类
7. 这张票是她的,不是我的。

[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.
[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.
[析]物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。

形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词,而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。

8. 吴老师教我们英语。

[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.
[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.
[析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的宾语,因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。

[第四类]介词类
9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?
[误] Can you find the answer of this question?
[正] Can you find the answer to this question?
[析]英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。

类似结构还有
the key to the door, the way to the zoo 等。

10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。

[误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.
[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.
[析]表示在上午、下午等时,介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时,介词要用on.
11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。

[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.
[析]用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时,只能用in,其他介词没有此用法。

[第五类]副词类
12. 莉莉,你为什么不回家呢?
[误] Lily, why don’t y ou go to home?
[正] Lily, why don’t you go home?
[析] come, go 等后接here, there, home等地点副词时,地点副词前不加to。

[第六类]连词类
13. 我喜欢语文和英语,但我不喜欢体育和历史。

[误] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.
[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.
[析]在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接;而在否定句中,并列成分之间的
连接需用or。

[第七类]冠词类
14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。

[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.
[正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane.
[析] 1.表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”;
2.our 一词的第一个字母不发音,它是以元音音素开头的,所以“一小时”要
用 an hour;
3.用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时,交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。

[第八类]句法类
15. ――你不是学生吗?――不,我是学生。

[误]――Aren’t you a student?――No, I am.
[正]――Aren’t you a student?――Yes, I am.
[析]对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No,这取决于实际情况:如果事实是肯定的,就用Yes表“不”;如果事实是否定的,就用No表“是的”。

Can 可以,Could 过去
May 和Might两准许
Must have to 两必须
Should 表应该
Need 需不需
had better 最好去
这个口诀能够帮助大家记住最常考的情态动词的基本词义。

there be 句型口诀
there be 有特点(这句其实是废话)
否定be 后not 填(否定变形要先找到be 然后在be 后面加个not)
疑问提be there 前(疑问也是先找到be 然后把be 提到there 前面)
疑否(疑问和否定句)some any 换
单数复数就近选(就近原则)
动词查漏补缺之动词三问
看见动词就问三个问题:
1. 这个动作啥时候发生的,用什么时态?
2. 这个动作谁发出的?人称是单数还是复数?
3. 这个动词属于哪类动词?(动词分四类:实义,连系,情态,助动词)
小升初英语必备时态时间标志口诀集锦
1. 一般现在时:“总经常有每没(美眉^^)复星周”
总:always,usually等
经常:often
有:sometimes (记住,“有”不是have,而是“有时”)
每:every week/month/year 等
没:never
复星周:on Mondays,on Tuesdays等
2. 一般过去时:“昨天上个XX(读作叉叉)前,in加年份when字连”(原创)
昨天:yesterday,后面可以加morning,afternoon,evening 等
上个:last,后面可以加week,month,year等
XX前:ago,前面可以加three weeks/months/years ago
in加年份:in 2009/2008/1986/1220等,2010前全用一般过去时,后年2012前就都是过去时了,2012,世界末日?电影看多了。

when字连:when I was a child等when字后面都是过去时,也要用一般过去时。

3. 一般将来时时间标志口诀:正好和一般过去时对应:“明天下个XX后”
明天:tomorrow,后面可以加morning,afternoon,evening
下个:next,后面可以加week,month,year等
XX后:after和in,后面可以加three weeks/months/years
这里要注意一下,after后加时间点才表示将来,如after 3 o ‘clock 。

加时间段表示过去,如after 2 hours 表示过去。

in后加时间段表将来,如in two years。

4. 现在进行时:“现在时刻看和听,最近在哪请安静。

”
现在:now,at present,at the moment等
时刻:It’s ten o‘clock. I’m beating Xiaoqiang.
看和听:Look!Listen!后面一般都用现在进行时。

最近:What are you doing recently/these days?
在哪:Where is Xiao Z?Xiao Z is beating Xiaoqiang.
请安静:Be quiet!/Don‘t make any noise!/Stop making noise!
Xiaoqiang is sleeping.
1. 一般过去时
肯定句:动词用过去式
否定句:didn't + 动原
疑问句:Did+动原
before, ago, this morning, yesterday, last ...
过去时要注意的问题:
1.有did, didn't就没有was, were, wasn't, weren't
2. was, were, wasn't, weren't 是表示过去的状态或场所不会出现did, didn't
I was at home yesterday.
You weren't at school yesterday.
They were strong before.
动词过去式变化:
1.直接加
2.有e加d
3.辅音y-i加ed
4.双写加ed
5.特殊变化
例题:
1. My father ____ (not stay) at home yesterday. He _____ (go) to Guangzhou.
2. _____ they ______ (visit) the zoo last Sunday?
3. ---Who _____ (teach) you maths last year?
--- Mr Liu _____ (do).
4. --- When ____ you ____(take) these photos?
--- I ____ (take) them last week.
5. Last Saturday my mother _____ (go) shopping and ____ (buy) me
a dress.
6. --- When ____ your brother _____ (get) here?
--- He ____ (get) here two days ago.
7. --- ____ Mike ____ (play) computer games.
--- No, he ____ . He ____ (go) to see a gilm.
8. --- When ____ you ____ (begin) to learn English?
--- I ____ (begin) to learn English three years ago.
9. I didn't know you ___ here.
10. It ___ hotter yesterday than it ___ today.
11. Ben ____ a cold last week.
12. ____ _____ many beautiful flowers in our school before.
13. ____ _____ any milk in the bottle before?
14. _____ ______ a heavy rain last night.
2. 现在进行时:
be(am, are, is)+ doing
肯定句:be + doing
否定句:be not + doing
疑问句:Be + 主语+ doing?
listen look, now it's ...
1. 直接加ing
2. 双写加ing
3. 去e加ing
例题:
1. Listen! Who ____ (speak) English in the library?
2. She _____ (like) music. Now she _____ (sing).
3. Don't _____ (run) in the street.
4. _____ you _____ (go) to school every day?
5. Class is over. The pupils ______ (play) games.
6. It's 6:30. I _____(get) up.
7. Look, the pupils ____ (have) an English class.
8. My mother _____ (wash) the bowls in the kitchen now.
9. He ____ (like) art very much. He ____ (draw) a horse now.
10. Let the children go away. They ____ (make) noise here.
3. 一般将来时:
1.be going to + do
2. will + do
肯定句:will/be going to + do
否定句:will not/be not going to + do
疑问句:Will + 主语+ do?
Be + 主语+ going to do?
tomorrow next... this afternoon the day after tomorrow
soon
一般将来时注意的问题:
1. be going to 表示打算,不那么确定,而will是确定的
2. will 和be going to 不要混合起来用,不会出现will be going to, be will going to, will going to 的
3. will 没有人称变化,而be going to 有人称变化
4. 不会出现was/were going to 的情况
例题:
1. We____ (visit) the Great Wall next month.
2. My father _____ (fly) to Beijing tomorrow.
3. You ____ (have) a seven-day holiday soon. What ___ you ____ (do)?
4. Next week David ____ (visit) the new zoo in Panyu.
5. ____ you _____ (borrow) books from the library tomorrow?
6. My pen is broken. I ____ (buy) a new one this Saturday.
7. They ____ (have)a picnic in the park this Sunday.
8. I ____ (write) a letter this evening.
9. He ____ (make) a kite this Saturday.
10. My mother _____ (cook) some delicious food this weekend.
4. 一般现在时:
肯定句:主语+do,
主语第三人称单数+ does
否定句:主语+don't+do
主语第三人称单数+doesn't+do
疑问句:Do+主语+do?
Does+主语第三人称单数+do?
usually, sometimes, often, seldom, never, every day
1.直接加s,es,
2. 某些y-i加s,es
例题:
1.My mother ____(work) in a primary school and I ____ (study) in the same school.
2.I ____ (have) a bike and Ben ____ (have) a bike, too.
3. My sister ____ (be) a pupil. She ____ (study) very hard.
4. Who ___ (cook) breakfast for your family?
5. My father is a teacher. He ____ (teach) Chinese in a primary school.
6. He ____ (be) strong. He can ___ (carry) the heavy box.
7. John ____ (go) to school by bike every day.
8. Kate often ___ (play) table tennis with her friends.
9. My mother often ___ (go) shopping and ___ (buy) some vegetbales
in the market.
10. --- Who ____ (study) hardest in your class?
一.选词填空
1.(very, comes, warm, rains, rained, rainy ,didn’t ,don’t,
wasn’t ,went ,weren’t, were,to ok, take,too)
Spring .The weather is______.It a lot .It is
st spring, it a little. It warm,it was hot. We plant trees. The trees green. When you out, you should
an umbralla,because it was suddenly.
2. (clean cleaner fresher is are warmer hotter raining rains wetter come comes better about and much more)
Spring _____coming. The weather gets_______.The trees are green and the flowers______out.It is _______beautiful in spring than in winter.It ________a lot ,so it is ______.After the rain the air is_____and
_______.I think spring is______than winter.What______you?Do you
like spring.
3.(visiting visits at on and with flew fly rainy rains good well knew known always look looks tired excited ) Mike is very ( ).Because he is going ( ) a trip in Kunming ( ) his family. They will ( )there. They can buy many things in it.kunming is ( ) as a Spring City。

It is
()sunny and warm..Every season ( ) like spring. It often ( ).The plants grow ( ). You can see many flowers everywhere. There is a flower show in kunming everyyear. You can take pictures in Kunming. Most people like ( ) the city.
4(on, in, take, take, has, have, had, was, is, went, goes, bought, come, came, his, he’s)
Mike an exciting weekend last Month. It Saturday, birthday. theMorning, his mother shopping. She much food and a big cake. She bought a present, too. They wanted to a party. His grandparents a bus to his house. They from a village. Saturday evening, they sang and danced. They had a good time.
5. ( feels, flies, make, makes, made, but, and, doesn’t, isn’t, next, last, a, an , better , )
My father is ______ engineer. He often ______ to Beijing. He
______ cars every day. He _______ make planes. He ______ a big car ______ month. He is going to ______ a nice car _______ month. He
______ happy. Because he can see his cars everywhere. He makes
cars .
6.(go went take took see saw run ran catch caught swim swam bite
bit biting fall fell jump jumped save saved)
One day Jack and David (1) fishing. Jack (2) his dog Tony with him. On the river bank, when the dog (3) a bird, he (4) after it and tried to (5) it. “ All the fish are scared and (6) away, ” said David. “ Be quiet, Tony, ” Jack shouted at the dog. But Tony did not listen to him. “Wait,” said David. “ A fish is (7) my line.” “Watch out!” shouted Jack. But it was too late. The boy (8) into the water. “ Help! Help!” David shouted. Just th en Tony came out! He (9) into the water and (10) his life.
二.完型填空
1.
A.Who are you?
B.Who is that?
C.How are you?
D.Are you ill?
E.Can I speak to Tom?
F.What was the matter?
G. Did you see a doctor?
A:Hello, , please?
B: Speaking! ?
A:Hi, Tom .This is Mike . ? B:I am better now. I was ill yesterday. A: ?
B:I had a fever.
A: ?
B:Yes, I saw a doctor and took some medicine.
A: Have a rest and drink more water.
B: Thanks
2
. A.Whose is the coat? B.Where is it?
C.No, it isn’t.
D.Which coat is it?
E.Yes, it is.
F.That’s right.
G.Is it in your bag? H.That’s OK.
A:_____________,the newer coat or the older one? B:The newer one is mine.______________?
A:Is it in your desk?
B:__________. It is bigger than mine.
A: ?
B:Let me see. Yes, it is in my bag.Thanks!
A: .
3.
A.Thank you.
B.How do you get there?
C.How can we get there?
D.Which bus can we take there?
E.Excuse me,where’s the hospital?
F.You are right.
G.It’s on the right side of the No.1 School.
A: , please?
B: The hospital is next to Xinhua Bookstore.
A: ?
B: You can get there by bus.
A: ?
B:You can take the No.2 bus.
A: ?
B:You can start from the bus stop near Shiyan Primary School. A: .
B:That’s OK!
4.
A. Is he very strict?
B.Who’s that man?
C.Where does he come from?
D.What’s he like?
E.What’s his hobby?
F.Yes, he does.
G.No, he doe sn’t.
A: ?
B:He is our new math teacher.
A: ?
B:He is from Canada.
A: ?
B:He likes playing chess.
A:Does he often play chess with you?
B: ,but he plays basketball with us. A: ?
B:Yes, he is verystrict.He is kind,too.
三、看答语写问句
1) ? My mother has a sore arm.
2) ? The boy is 38 kg.
3) ?
I felt bored last music class.
4) ? He was 154 cm last year.
5) ? There were 4 pens on the desk yesterday morning.
6) ?
Lily’s shoes are bigger than Mary’s.
7) ? It was Apr. 3rd yesterday.
8) ?
Yes, my mother watches TV in the evening.
9) ?
No, we are going to take pictures next wee.
10) ?
Mary and Amy are singing and dancing.
11) ?
The boy is going to be a teacher.
13)?
No, the boy has a hamburger for lunch.
14)?
The children had a picnic in the park last month.
15)?
He is an engineer.
16)?
The mountains are on the right side of the village.
17) ?
The cat was under the table.
18)?
I played computer games in the computer games.
19) ?
I like spring best.
20) ?
I like collectimg the stamps.
21) ?
My shoes are size 41.
22) ?
The boy isn’t tall ,but strong.
23) ?
These are oranges on the table.
24) ?
The weather is rainy in beijing today.
五.Reading
1. Dear Mr Zhang,
Happy Teache rs’ Day! I’m studying in a primary school in Washington. I’m not good at English. My friend Jim is from Engla nd. He often helps me with my English. And I teach him Chinese.
The students in my class are very interesting. Bill is English. David is Austral ian. He’s from Sydney. Nancy is American. She’s from New York. My teacher, Mrs Smith is Canadian. She’s from Ot tawa.
My good friends, Zhang Ling and Wu Qing are Chinese, too. They’re from Taiwan. We’re from many different countries, but we are friends.
Yours,
Liu Tao
()1. Liu Tao is American.
( ) 2. Liu Tao often teaches Jim with his Chinese.
( ) 3. Bill and Nancy are from the same country.
( ) 4. Mrs Smith isn’t Chinese, she’s Japanese.
( ) 5. Now Liu Tao and his classmates are in Washington.
2. It snowed hard that day. Mike and his friends went to skate on the lake. May could not skate. Mike taught her. Jim wanted to skate in the middle of the lake, Jane stopped him. But he didn’t listen to her. After a few minutes they heard him calling for help. “Help! Help!” Then they found he fell into the cold water. They ran to him and May,
the youngest of them, shouted loudly there. A farmer worked near the lake heard her. He took off his coat and jumped into the water and helped the boy go out. Their clothes were all wet. He took the boy to a hospital. Jim’s parents thanked him very much..
( ) 1. It was warm and sunny. Mike and his friends went to swim in the lake.
( ) 2. May clould skate very well, but Jane could not.
( ) 3. Mike fell into the water and called for help.
( ) 4. A policeman heard and came to help the boy go out.
( ) 5. They took the boy to a hospital and he was saved.
3. Last Weekend
A: Yang Ling, what did you do last Sunday?
B: I visited Liu Tao’s grandparents.
A: Where do they live?
B: They live in a small town near Dongguan. They have a big farm. There are some really nice houses. I went there with Su Hai, Su Yang, Gao Shan, Liu Tao and Ben. They were very glad to see us. Liu Tao’s grandpa showed us a lot of stamps from different countries. These are Liu Tao’s grandpa’s favourites. His grandma cooked us a nice lunch. We liked the food very much.
A: What did you do there?
B: In the morning, we cleaned their house. In the afternoon, we worked in their garden. Su Hai and Su Yang watered the trees and flowers. Liu Tao and Gao Shan picked apples. Ben and I planted some trees. We worked for about two hours.
A: Were you tired?
B: No! I like working in the garden. We had a really good time.
A: Great! I would like to visit them, too.
判断正误,用“T”或“F”表示:
1. ()Gao Shan and Yang Ling visited Liu Tao’s grandparents last Sunday.
2. ( ) On the farm, Yang Ling planted trees.
3. ( ) Liu Tao’s grandma cooked a nice lunch.
4. ( ) Yang Ling and Su Hai planted flowers.
5. ( ) They worked on the farm for about two hours.
Tom is a little boy. He is five. Today his father takes him to see his grandparents. His home is far away from his grandparents’. So they are going there by bus. There are only nine people on it. They all have seats. Tom is very happy. He is running about on the bus. His fatehr says, “Don’t run! Sit down, please.” “I miss m y grandfather and grandmother very much. I want this bus to go faster.” Tom says.
()1. Tom goes to see his grandparents with his parents.
()2. Tom’s home is far away from his grandparents’. So Tom goes to his grandparents’ home by plane.
()3. There are only a few people on the bus.
()3. Tom and his father are running on the bus.
()4. If Tom runs on the bus, he can see his grandparents earlier.。