2018-2019学年新课堂高中英语(外研版)必修四讲义：Module 4 Section ⅢWord版含答案

Section ⅢIntegrating Skills & Cultural Corner
Ⅰ.重点单词
1.best－seller n.畅销书(或唱片等)
2.victim n.受害者
3.brilliant adj.聪颖的；才华横溢的
4.career n.生涯；经历
5.partly ad v.部分地；在一定程度上
6.physical adj.身体的
7.escape v i.逃跑；逃避
8.straight adj.直的
9.clear v i.(烟雾)消散
10.brief adj.简短的；简洁的→briefly ad v.简要地；扼要地
11.graduate v i.毕业→graduation n.毕业
12.personal adj.个人的→personally ad v.就自己而言→personality n.性格；个性；人格
13.relativity n.相对论→relative n.[C]亲戚；相关物adj.相对的；比较的→relatively ad v.相对地；比较而言
14.explode v i.爆炸→explosion n.爆炸，爆炸声
Ⅱ.核心短语
1.be__known__for因……而出名/闻名
2.earn__one’s__living 谋生
e__to__power 掌权
4.in the area of 在……领域
5.by accident 偶然地
6.be at war with 与……交战
Ⅲ.经典句式
1.Moving in a wheelchair and speaking through a special computer，he has become the voice of science.
尽管他行动靠轮椅，讲话靠特殊的电脑，却成了科学巨匠。

2.The tubes were attached to a long stick which helped keep__the__rocket__moving in a straight direction.
箭管被绑在一根长棍上，这根长棍能使火箭沿直线移动。

3.But not__everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.
但是并不是所有的人都想在战争中使用火箭。

4.Or was he carried miles into space，becoming__the__world’s__first__astronaut?
他是否会运载数英里进入太空，成为世界上第一位宇航员呢？
原文呈现
Rockets①
Today rockets are very advanced② machines which we can use to send astronauts into space.They are also used in firework③ displays to celebrate④ great events，such as the end of the Olympic Games or the beginning of the new millennium⑤ in the year 2000. Rockets were probably invented by accident about 2，000 years ago.The Chinese had a form of gunpowder⑥ which was put in bamboo tubes and thrown into fires to make explosions⑦ during festivals.Perhaps some of the tubes jumped out of the fire instead of exploding⑧ in it.The Chinese discovered that the gas escaping⑨ from the tube could lift it into the air.The idea of the rocket was born.
The first military use of rockets was in 1232.The Song Dynasty was at war⑩ with the Mongols.During the battle⑪of Kaifeng，the Song army shot“arrows⑫of flying fire”.The tubes were attached to⑬a long stick which helped keep the rocket moving ⑭in a straight⑮direction⑯.Soon the Mongols learned how to make rockets themselves and it is possible that they introduced them to Europe.Between the 13th and 15th centuries there were many rocket experiments in England，France and
Italy.They were used for⑰military purposes.One Italian scientist even invented a rocket which could travel over the surface⑱of water and hit⑲an enemy ship.
But not everybody wanted to use rockets in battles.Wan Hu，a Chinese government official，invented a flying chair.He attached two big kites to the chair，and 47 rockets to the kites.The rockets were lit⑳，there was a huge explosion and clouds of thick smoke.When the smoke cleared○21Wan Hu and his chair had disappeared○22.No one knows what happened.Did Wan Hu die in the explosion？Or was he carried miles into space，becoming the world’s first astronaut？
阅读清障
①rocket n.火箭②advanced adj.高级的；先进的
※which引导定语从句，修饰先行词machines，且在从句中作use的宾语。

③firework n.焰火④celebrate v t.庆祝
⑤millennium n.千年⑥gunpowder n.火药
⑦explosion n.爆炸；爆炸声⑧explode v i.爆炸
⑨escape v i.逃跑escape from逃离……
※that引导的从句作discovered的宾语。

该宾语从句中，现在分词短语作定语，修饰gas。

⑩at war处于战争状态
⑪battle n.战役；斗争⑫arrow n.(弓)箭
⑬be attached to被拴/捆到……上
※which引导的定语从句修饰前面的stick，该从句中含有“keep＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补由现在分词短语充当。

⑭keep...doing...使……一直做……
⑮straight adj.直的⑯direction n.方向
※本句属于and连接的并列句。

前一分句中“特殊疑问词/whether＋不定式”结构，其中how表示方式，该结构在此作learned的宾语。

后一分句“It is＋adj.＋that从句”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。

⑰be used for被用来……
⑱surface n.表面over the surface of在……表面上
⑲hit v.击中(hit，hit)
※not everybody属于部分否定，表示“并不是所有人”。

⑳light v.点燃(lit，lit)○21clear v i.(烟雾)消散
○22disappear v i.消失
※句中No one属于全部否定，表示“没有人”。

what引导的从句在此作knows 的宾语，且在从句中作主语。

※现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。

Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Of the uses of the rockets，which one is NOT mentioned?
A.In battles.
B.In firework displays.
C.In sending visitors into space.
D.In the military.
2.Rockets were probably invented ________about 2，000 years ago.
A.in surprise
B.on purpose
C.by chance
D.by mistake
3.One Italian scientist invented a rocket which________.
A.could fly into the sky
B.could hit the enemy’s horse
C.could fly over the surface of water
D.could clear the cloud in the air
4.What’s the topic of the text?
A.The dangers of rockets.。