William Wordsworth 英国文学

3. A return to nature.
4. Simple and colloquial language: iambic tetrameter.
Themes
• The soothing effect of memories on human thoughts; small things in life may bring happiness to us. • The unity between human and nature in a simple style and musical eloquence.
• The waves beside them danced, but they 湖面的涟漪也 迎风起舞， • Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: — 水仙的欢乐却胜 过涟漪： • A poet could not but be gay 有了这样愉快的伴侣。 • In such a jocund company! 诗人怎能不心旷神怡！ • I gazed—and gazed—but little thought 我望了又望，却 未曾想到 • What wealth the show to me had brought; 这美景给了我 怎样的珍宝。
The Solitary Reaper: a postcolonial interpretation • Rather than assuming a single nationalist viewpoint, it might be suggested to see the different layers of cultural identity. • Out of treacherous circumstances, as much as any more positive ones, emerges literary expression.
What is good poetry?
Poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings; it takes its origin from emotion recollected in
tranquility: the emotion is contemplated till by a species
On 15th April 1802, William and Dorothy Wordsworth passed the strip of land at Glencoyne Bay, Ullswater, on their way back to Grasmere after staying the previous night at Eusmere in Pooley Bridge.
– Reverse personification: speaker—natural object, a cloud – Personification: daffodils—human beings, dancing and ―tossing their heads‖ in ―a crowd, a host‖.
The Solitary Reaper: a postcolonial interpretation
• The postcolonial critic Edward Said pointed out in his ―Orientalism‖(1978) that non-western otherness was created and consumed by western commentators. They sought not so much to understand other cultures but to revel in the spectacle and sensation of their difference. • What might be revealed in this poem is a song of defeated people, or interference of some kind with her culture from the outside. The general atmosphere of such things is just in the air and perhaps is enjoyed, but not actually analyzed by the narrator. Instead, the girl is detached from the contexts, ―behold her, single in the field.‖
of reaction the tranquility gradually disappears, and an emotion, kindred to that which was before the subject of contemplation, is gradually produced, and does itself actually exist in the mind.
William Wordsworth
William Wordsworth (1770-1850)
• One of the most accomplished and influential of England’s romantic poets • One of the Lake Poets: William Wordsworth; Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Robert Southey • Brought about a revolution in poetry by taking common themes and events and writing in the language of ordinary men. • He was strongly against the neo-classical poetry. He changed the course of English poetry by using ordinary speech of the language.

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
• I wander'd lonely as a cloud 我独自漫游，像山谷上空 • That floats on high o'er vales and hills, 高高飘过的一朵云 彩。 • When all at once I saw a crowd, 我突然望见，望见一大 丛 • A host, of golden daffodils, 金黄的水仙，纷纷绽开； • Beside the lake, beneath the trees, 在湖水之滨，树荫之 下 • Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. 正迎见摇曳，舞姿 潇洒。
• Continuous as the stars that shine 连绵密布，保繁星万 点 • And twinkle on the milky way, 在银河上下闪烁明灭， • They stretch'd in never-ending line 这一片水仙，沿着湖 湾 • Along the margin of a bay: 排成延续无尽的行列： • Ten thousand saw I at a glance 我一眼就看见万朵千株， • Tossing their heads in sprightly dance. 摆动着花冠，轻 盈飘舞。
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Special features
1. One of the greatest poets of nature.
2. Incidents and situations of common life.
• He claimed that the great subjects of poetry were “the essential passions of the heart” and “the great and simple affections” as these qualities interact with "the beautiful and permanent forms of nature” and are expressed in a “naked and simple” language that is “adapted to interest mankind permanently”.
Who can be a poet?
• A poet is a man speaking to men,: a man, it is true, endued with more lively sensibility, more enthusiasm and tenderness, who has a greater knowledge of human nature, and a more comprehensive soul, than are supposed to be common among mankind; a man pleased with his own passions and volitions, and who rejoices more than other men in the spirit of life that is in him; delighting to contemplate similar volitions and passions as manifested in the going-on of the universe, and habitually impelled to create them where he does not find them.
• For oft, when on my couch I lie 因为，每当我依榻而卧， • In vacant or in pensive mood, 或情怀抑郁，或心境茫然， • They flash upon that inward eye 水仙呵，便在心目中闪 烁— • Which is the bliss of solitude; 那是我孤寂时分的乐园； • And then my heart with pleasure fills, 于是我的心便欢情 洋溢， • And dances with the daffodils. 和水仙一道，舞蹈不息。