牛津9A Unit3知识点归纳、难点解析、语法复习

合集下载
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

9A Unit 3 Teenage problems
【短语归纳】
1.get fat 变胖
2.eat too much 吃太多/ worry too much 过于担心
3.try more exercise 多加锻炼
4.from time to time 时而不时/ sometimes/at times
5.get enough sleep 得到足够的睡眠 sleep well 睡得好
6.feel tired in class 在课堂上感到累
7.be on 开着、进行着
8.drive me mad 使我发疯≈ make me mad
9.have close friends 有亲密的朋友/ have no close friends 没有亲密的朋友
10.feel lonely 感到孤独
11.make a lot of noise 发出许多噪音
12.all day 整天
13.get too many tests and exams 有太多的考试考试 (越来越正式) quiz ---- test ----- exam
14.have enough sleep 有足够的睡眠
15.be too noisy at home 家里太吵
16.have a problem(with …) = have got a problem(with …)有( …… .)问题
17.no communication with family members 不和家人交流
18.a Grade 9 student 一个 9 级级学生
how … .deal with… .. 怎样处理
19. what … . do with… .. 怎样处理
20. have no choice but to do sth 除了做某事别无其他选择
21. stay up late 熬夜 stay out late 呆在外面很晚
22. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
23. hand in 上交; hand out 分发 ( 代词放中间 hand it in)
24. on time 按时、准时; in time 及时
25. have spare time 有业余时间
26. offer sb sth/offer sth to sb 向某人提供某物
27. 收到某人的来信 hear from sb. (瞬间动词)
= get / receive a letter from sb. (瞬间动词)
= have a letter from sb. (延续性动词)
28. be crazy about 对……很着迷
29. plenty of 大量,充足≈a lot of
30. get into trouble 陷入麻烦/陷入困境
31. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事
32. love of football 对足球的喜爱
33. be strict with sb 对某人严格 be strict with sb. in sth. 在某事上对某人要求严格
34. feel stressed 感到有压力的
35. sb+spend +时间或金钱…on +sth 某人在某事上花费(时间或金钱)
36. spend less time on … . 在…上花较少的时间
37. achieve a balance between…and … 在… ..和… .之间获得平衡
38. succeed in doing sth 成功地做某事= be successful in doing sth.= do sth. successfully
39. feel bad about 感觉……不好
40. make a list of 列一个… … 的清单
41. work …out 解出… ..(代词放中间)
42. get/receive low/high marks 得到低/高分
43. at the moment = at present = now 目前
44. wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
45. wish to do sth = hope to do sth. 希望做某事
46. work out 算出、解出
47. forget about sth 忘记有关…… 的事
48. take a bus 乘公交车
49. get angry 生气、发怒
50. feel stressed s 感到有压力
51. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
52. be good for sb. 对某人有益
53. be useful to sb 对某人有用
54. give sb. advice 给某人提建议
55. a piece of advice = a suggestion 一则建议 two pieces of advice = two suggestions 两则建议
56. an hour or two = one or two hours 两个小时
57. join in some activities 参加一些活动
58. revise for tests 复习迎考
59. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物
60. have a lot of homework to do 有很多家庭作业做
61. tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关…… 的事
62. need to do sth 需要做某事
63. have a test 考试
64. solve the problems 解决问题
65. turn down the TV/ 把电视声音开小些 turn up 开大些 turn on 开 turn off 关
66. write to sb 给某人写信
67. youth workers 青少年辅导员
68. help sb. out 帮助某人脱离困境
69. the top student 尖子生
70. suffer from sth 遭受……之苦
71. pay no attention to …不注意/在意… ..
72. take turns to do … 轮流做… .
73. reply to (my e-mails) 回复(我的电子邮件)
74. my last three e-mails 我最近的三封邮件
75. not… . any more = no more 不再not…… any longer = no longer
76. Thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做某事
77. laugh at sb/sth 嘲笑某人/某物
78. ask sb for advice 向某人征询意见 ask sb for help 向某人求助
79. shout at sb 对某人大喊
80. choose to do sth 选择做某事
81. blame your parents 责备你的父母
82. be worried about sth/sb 为某事/某人而担忧
83. keep quiet 保持安静
84. keep one’s worries to onesel f 把烦恼闷在心里
85. take a holiday 休假
86. the cause of stress 产生压力的原因
87. solve the problem 解决问题
88. feel bad about your weight 对体重感到糟糕
89. keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康
90. Why not go walking ? 为什么不去散步呢? Why not go for a walk? Why not take / have a walk? 100. have a delicious meal 美餐一顿
101. be proud of …= take pride in… 为…… .感到骄傲
102. plan your day carefully 精心计划你的每一天
【句型归纳及难点解析】
1. 青少年问题 teenage problems 青少年的( 13— 19 岁的)
青少年 teen = teenager (13— 19 岁的青少年)
2. 有 have got (英式) = have (美式)
3. 变胖/变得越来越胖 get fat / get fatter and fatter
这些天我越来越胖 I am getting fatter and fatter these days
4. 擅长于… . be good at … = do well in …
在… .方面弱 be weak in …
对…… .有好处be good for …
对……有用be useful to …
我擅长英语但我体育较差。

我知道体育运动对我们的身体有好处。

所以我认为把学会体育运动对我们非常有用。

I do very well in English but I am weak in sport. I know sport is very good for our bodies.
So I think learning sport well is useful to us .
5. I don’t have any close friends to talk to. 我没有一个可以谈心的亲密朋友“to do s th ” 作后置修
饰语
6. I have no choice but to do my homework. 除了做作业我别无选择。

have no choice but to … … 别无选择,只能……
7. for example 和 such as 都具有“例如”的意思。

such as 指要将举例的事物一一罗列出来,比如: Three
students are my friend, such as: Li Ming , lily and Mary. 但 for example 是选举几个典型实例来说明,并不一一罗列(通常都是举一个例子) 。

比如: For example, London is the capital of Britain. 8. I often doubt whether it is worth working so hard 我经常怀疑是否值得这么用功地学习
一般来说 I doubt 后不跟 that 引导的宾语从句,I don’t doubt 后接that 引导的宾语从句
be worth sth / doing sth 值得…… This talk is worth listening to. 这个报告值得一听。

The Summer Palace is worth a visit 颐和园值得一游。

9. I am looking forward to a holiday without homework 我一直都在盼望一个没有作业的假期
体会 be +v-ing 的特例用法
look forward to sth / doing sth 期待/盼望……
I am looking forward to hearing from you 我一直都期待着收到你的来信
10.This will give you an idea of how much free time you have. 这将会使你对你有多少空闲时间有所了解
使某人对….有所了解 give sb. an idea of...
11. Can you offer me some suggestions? 你能给我提一些建议吗?
= Can you offer some suggestions to me?
我希望你认为我的建议值得采纳
I hope you think that my advice is worth taking. 采取/采纳/接受
Can you please advise me how to achieve a balance between my schoolwork and my hobbies?
你能给我提一些如何在我的学习与爱好之间取得平衡
offer = give suggestion 是可数名词 advice 是不可数名词
▲o f er 用作动词,意为“提供;”“为…提供机会,给予”常用短语“offer sb. sth 或offer sth. to sb. ”
意思是“为某人提供某物”。

如:
I offered him a glass of wine. 我敬了他一杯酒。

Will you offer the guests some coffee? 请你给客人拿一些咖啡好吗?
I’ve been offered a job in Japan. 日本有份工作要聘请我去做。

He offered §3,000 for the house. 他提出了 3000 英镑买这间房子。

We offered him the house for $ 20,000. 我们要他出 20, 0000 美元买这间房子。

▲offer to do sth. 的意思是“主动提出做某事。

”如:
She offered to carry the box for her mother. 她主动提出要帮她母亲拿箱子。

We o f ered to leave. 我们表示要走了。

He offered to lend me his bike. 他表示要把自行车借给我。

▲suggestion 和 suggest 的用法。

“Suggestion”是名词,它的意思是“建议,提议”“暗示,联想”如:
I have a suggestion to make . 我有个建议要提。

I want suggestions about what to do today. 今天做些什么,我想听听有何意见。

▲Suggestion 与 advice 都可作“建议”解释,但 suggestion 为可数名词,指对某件事或某个问题,尤其是为改进工作或解决问题而提出的“意见或建议”,常用 make a suggestion. advice 一般指有经验或有业务专长的人对某一行动提出带有指点或指教性的“意见、建议或劝告”。

如:医生对病人的医嘱、老师对学生的指教等,它是不可数名词,只能用 a piece of , some 等修饰, advice 作“劝告”“意见”解释,常用 take advice, give advice, follow advice, ask sb. for advice 等词组。

Can you give me a piece of advice?=Can you give me a suggestion? 你能给我一条建议吗?
On his advice, I am staying in bed. 根据他的建议,我呆在床上了。

You should take his advice. 你应该采取他的建议。

At last they went to their father ’s old friend and asked his advice. 最后他们去找他们父亲的老朋友,听取他的意见。

▲suggest 用作动词,意为“提议、建议、提出、暗示、间接表明”。

如:
suggest 后只可以接动名词作直接宾语,不可以带动词不定式。

如:
I suggest going out for a walk after supper. 我建议晚饭后到外面去散步。

She suggested having a class meeting. 她提议开个班会。

▲suggest 后面接that 引导的宾语从句。

如果是“建议”的意思,则 that 引导的从句要用虚拟语气,谓语部分用 should+动词原形, should 可以省略。

如:
I suggest that we (should)go to the Palace Museum on Sunday. 我建议星期天去故宫博物馆。

▲动词 advise 表示“建议、劝告”的意思时,它的后面可以跟名词、动名词、不定式复合结构、that 从句(从句中用 should+动词原形)如:
We advised an early start. 我们建议早点出发。

He advised waiting until proper time. 他劝告我们等到适当的机会再行动。

He often advises people to use their brains. 他经常劝人们多动脑筋。

I advised that he (should )buy the book. 我建议他买这本书。

12. I do not have much time to revise for tests. 我没有许多复习迎考的时间。

▲revise 作动词用,它的意思是“复习(功课) ”,英式英语,与美式英语 review 同义,相当于词组 go over. 如:
①She’s revising his notes for the test. 她正在复习笔记,准备测验。

② He was revising his lessons when I went to see him. 我去看望他的时候,他在复习功课。

▲revise 的名词形式为 revision,意为“复习”“修订”。

如:
He handed in his exercise book after two revisions. 他检查两遍后把作业本交了。

We are doing some revision for the exam. 我们在为考试而复习
13. I usually get a lot of homework (from my teachers). 通常老师布置很多作业。

▲get 作及物动词,意为“得到”如:
I got a letter from my friend yesterday. 昨天我收到一封朋友的来信。

He got a good mark in the English exam. 他在英语测验中得了高分。

Did you get my email? 你收到我的电子邮件吗?
▲get+间接宾语+直接宾语,意为“弄来,搞来,取来”。

如:
Can you get me a cup of tea? 你能给我拿杯茶来吗?
I’ll get you something to eat. 我给你弄点吃的吧。

▲get+宾语+宾补
I must get my hair cut. 我得剪头发了。

▲get+名词或代词+形容词
My mother gets supper ready when I get home. 当我到家,我妈把晚餐准备好了。

You must get your shoes clean. 你必须把鞋擦干净。

▲get 作连系动词,后面加形容词等作表语。

如:
The weather is getting cold. 天气冷了起来。

My parents got very angry because I got home late. 因为我晚回家,父母很生气。

▲get 构成一系列短语,有不同的含义,有时可以用另一动词代替。

get on 上车 get off 下车; (飞机的)起飞
get on/along with …进行某事;与…相处
get down 下来;取下来;弯下腰;写下来;记下来。

get back 回来(=come back=return )
get a cold 伤风,感冒(=catch a cold)
get a letter from sb. 收到某人来信( =receive a letter from sb.=hear from sb. )
14. My penfriend in the USA hasn ’t replied to my last three letters.我在美国的笔友近来没有回我最后三
封信。

▲ reply 可以作名词,意思是“回答,答复”,与 answer 同义。

如: She made no reply. 她没有回答。

▲用作及物动词,后面接从句或直接引语。

如:
She didn’t know what to reply. 她不知道该怎么回答。

He replied that he was busy. 他回答说很忙。

“No”he replied.“I only came last mont h ”. “不”,他回答道,“我是上月才来的。


▲作不及物动词用,意为“回答” “答复”。

如:
I asked him. But he didn ’t reply. 我问他,但他没有回答。

None of my letters have been replied to. 我所有的信都没有回音。

▲replyto sb./sth 是“回答,答复”的意思。

如:
Be sure to reply to me as soon as possible. 务必尽快答复我。

Please reply to my question. 请回答我的问题。

▲reply 与 answer 区别
answer 用法比较广泛,可指口说或笔写的答复,它是及物动词,可以带宾语。

reply 指较正式的,经过考虑后的答复,它是不及物动词,不可以直接跟宾语。

只有加上介词“ to “后,才可以跟宾语。

如:
I called, but no one answered it. 我给他打了电话,但没有人接。

Can you answer this question? 你能回答这个问题吗?
I sent in my application, and the university replied immediately.
我把申请书送去,那所大学立即答复了。

15. I need some time to play and relax, don ’t I? 我需要一些时间玩、放松,对吗?
▲nee d 用作及物动词,意为“需要”,后接名词,不定式。

如:
Do you think you will need help? 你想你需要帮忙吗?
I’ll call you if anything is neede d. 要是需要什么,我就叫你。

Does she need to know it? 她需要知道这件事吗?
You don’t need to leave so early. 你们不需要走得这么早。

▲need 用作动词,后可接动名词,此时的主语往往是物,而不是人。

如:
Whose chair needs fixing? 谁的椅子需要修理?
My hair needs washing badly. 我的头发非常需要洗一洗。

▲need 可用作情态动词,没有人称、数和时态的变化,一般只用于否定句或疑问句中。

如:So you needn’t hurry with the meeting. 所以你们不必急于开这个会。

Need you go so soon? 你需要这么早走吗?
Need we start at once? 我们必须立刻动身吗?
14.They will be of great value to me 他们对我会很有价值 = They will be very valuable to me
They will be of great importance to us = They will be very important to us.
16. Pay no attention to those students (who laugh at you) and be proud of your schoolwork.
别介意那些嘲笑你的那些学生且以你的功课为荣
【语法复习】
1.特殊疑问词引导动词不定式。

(注意疑问代词和疑问副词的使用区分)
2.学习判断句子的类型:陈述句(肯定句、否定句) ;疑问句;祈使句感叹句。

3.掌握动词+宾语+ 形容词/或名词/名词短语(作宾补)的用法
4.学习五种基本句型。

①S+V ②S+V+DO ③S+V+P ④S+V+IO+DO ⑤S+V+DO+OC
第一、句型 (英语里有四种常用句型,分别是陈述句(肯定 /否定),疑问句,祈使句,感叹句;
其中疑问句又包括一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句)
1. 陈述句(以下都是陈述句,朗读加以感受! )
Simon is (not) playing football. Jack comes / doesn’t come from Nanjin g.
2. 一般疑问句 (可以用yes/no 来进行简单回答的疑问句就是一般疑问句)
Does Simon like eating western food ? Yes / No
3. 特殊疑问句 ( 一般以 who , which , what , when , where , why , how , whose 开头的疑问句是
特殊疑问句,需作详细回答)
4. 选择疑问句 (通常给两到三个选项给你选的句子叫选择疑问句,通常会用到 or 这个单词)
----What does Simon like eating, western food or Chinese food? ---- Western food
5. 反意疑问句 (后缀通常翻译成“不是吗?”)
Simon likes to play football, doesn’t h e?
6. 祈使句 (提出建议,命令等的句子,通常以动词的原形开头)
Stop talking! Don’t smoke!
7. 感叹句 (表达强烈的感情,通常以 what / how 开头)
What a cool girl ! / How cool the girl is !
第二、“to do sth”在句子中可以做什么成分 (参考 P15 ,句子的各个成分的定义)
1.“to do st h” 做主语
It is very important to hand in homework on time
It = to hand in homework on time (真正的主语放后面,避免头重脚轻, it 只是一个形式而已)
2.“todo sth”做表语 (通常放在联系动词 be 的后面,表达按计划,安排等要发生的事情)
My dream is to become a singer
3. “todo sth” 做宾语补足语 ( 通常放在宾语后面,进行补充说明,核心动词后面的那个“东
西”就是宾语)
Mr. Wu asks his students to study hard! ( 叫学生干嘛,哦,认真学习! )
4. “todo sth” 做定语 (也就是“后置的修饰语”)
Have you got anything important to tell me ?
5. “todo sth” 做状语 (目的状语/结果状语)
He ran fast to catch the first bus (他跑的这么快干什么,哦,目的是为了赶上早班车 )
Linda came back home to find her house on fire (Linda 跑回家结果却发现家里的房子都着火了)
第三、“wh- words”+ to do sth 复合不定式作宾语的用法(“wh- words”包括 who , what , which , when , where , how , 不包含 why )
Paul knows who he should talk to for help (注意语序)
同义句 Paul knows who to talk to for help.
Simon doesn’t know what he should do (注意语序)
同义句Simon doesn’t know what to do
You should decide which you should do first
同义句 You should decide which to do first
Simon just forgot when he should meet his friends
同义句 Simon just forgot when to meet his friends
Simon wants to know where he can ask for advice
同义句 Simon wants to know where to ask for advice
Millie doesn’t know how she can solve her problem
同义句Millie doesn’t know how to solve her problem
第四、五种基本句型。

①S+V ②S+V+DO ③S+V+P ④S+V+IO+DO ⑤S+V+DO+OC
▲ 基本句型一
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

▲基本句型二
此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。

这类动词叫做及物动词。

S V (及物动词)O
Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案?
▲基本句型三
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做连系动词。

系动词分两类: be, look, keep, seem 等属一类,表示情况; get, grow, become, turn 等属另一类,表示变化。

be 本身没有什么意义 ,只起连系主语和表语的作用。

其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。

S V (是系动词) P
This is an English-Chinese dictionary.
▲基本句型四
此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。

这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者。

通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来
S │V(及连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略。

物) │ IO (多指人) │ DO(多指物)
1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious me al. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。

3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。

4. I │told │him │that the bus was la te. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。

5. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。

基本句型五
此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。

S │ V (及物) │ DO (宾语) │ C O (宾补)
1. They │appointed │him │manager. 他们任命他当经理。

2. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色。

3. What │makes │him │think so? 他怎么会这样想?
4. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去。

5. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。

6. I │saw │them │getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。

但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短,这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。

这些修饰语可以是单词 (主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语) 。

相关文档
最新文档