定语从句1-教师

定语从句1--教师
一、关系代词which，that, who, whom, as
作用：1连接作用：关系代词引导从句，把从句和主句连接起来
2.替代作用：关系代词在从句中替代它前面的先行词
成分作用：关系代词在从句中总是充当成分
He is the professor whose name was Jason.
②He is the professor. He was named Jason.
He is the professor who was named Jason.
③He is the professor. The name of the professor was Jason.
He is the professor the name of whom was Jason.
He is the professor of whom the name was Jason.
2. He is the professor. Jason met him.
He is the professor who
whom Jason met.
that
ⅹ
3.①The novel belongs to me. It was read by you.
The novel which/that was read by you belongs to me.
②The novel belongs to me. You read it.
The novel which/that/ⅹyou read belongs to me.
4.①The novel belongs to me. It’s cover was broken.
The novel whose cover was broken belongs to me.
②The novel belongs to me. The cover of the novel was broken.
The novel the cover of which was broken belongs to me.
of which the cover was broken
5. as
①引导非限制性定语从句，有“正如……，正像……”的意思
可放在主句之前,As is known to all, China is a developing country.
或者主句之后，He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
可以切割一个主句；John, as you know, is a famous writer.
区别：which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后
He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.
He is from the south, as/which we can see from his accent.
John, as you know, is a famous writer. 不能换成which.
As is announced in the papers, China has sent up another satellite.
②the same…as, such…as, as…as, so…as, 中的as 是一种固定结构, “和…一样…”
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
We have found such materials as are used in their factory. as作主语
These houses were sold at such a low price as people expected. as作宾语
He is not the same man as he was. as作表语
It’s as pleasant a film as I have ever seen.
Take as many books as you you can.
③the same...as（指代不同的人或物）
the same…that(指同一个人或物)
This is the same book as I lent you yesterday. （2本书）
This is the same book that I lent you yesterday. （同一本书）
6. 关系代词，只能用that的情况
①当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, the one
②当先行词前面有the only, the very (仅仅)，any, few, little, no, all等词修饰
③当先行词为最高级，序数词或被最高级，序数词修饰时
④当先行词即有人又有物
⑤当主句的主语是疑问词who,which时
Which is the bike that you lost?
Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
⑥有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词用which,另外一个用that
They secretly built up a small factory, which produced things that could cause pollution.
二、关系副词：when ,where, why
1. That is the day. He went to school on that day.
when
on which he went to college.
That is the day he went to school on.
he will never forget.
2.
This is the place he used to live in.
which
that he visited before.
ⅹ
3.I don’t believe the reason. He was late for school for the reason.
he was late for school.
I don’t he was late for school for.
which
that he gave me.
ⅹ
4. I don’t like the way. He spoke to his mother in the way.
I don’t like the way he spoke to his mother.
5. time 次数，应用that /ⅹ
一段时间，时代，应用when/at which/during which
This is the time that/ⅹthe President has visited the country.
I could hardly remember how many times that/ⅹI’ve failed.
This is at a time when /during which there were no radios, no telephone or no TV sets.。