安徽安徽师范大学附属中学高二英语任务型阅读练习试题百度文库

一、高中英语任务型阅读
1．请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意：每个空格只填1个单词。

In an ideal world, we usually get eight hours of sleep every night, and wake up with enough energy before work. But when we're struggling to balance the responsibilities of everyday life, cutting back on sleep seems to be the only solution. Many of us rely on coffee or energy drinks to get us through the day, instead of making sleep a priority. Sadly, as delicious as it can be, caffeine is not the solution. Being tired not only brings down our energy levels, but also makes us less productive and less motivated. There are concrete steps you can take right now to renew your energy.
Awareness comes first because you have to understand what's going on before you can do anything to change it. Most of us are too busy to notice how fatigue(疲劳) really affects our bodies and minds. What signs of trouble do you regularly display? The patterns of your signs of trouble can give you clues about the negative effects of your fatigue. In addition, it's wise to start thinking about whoever can feel the effects of your fatigue.
Reflecting on the choices you've made can provide clarity, which will help you figure out what needs to be changed. During this reflection, you will be able to understand more about yourself and why you do the things you do. You may decide to forgive yourself for the mistakes you've made. Thinking about the positive aspects of your life will make you feel refreshed and ready to move forward.
Conversing with others not only provides support, but also leads to new perspectives and feedback that can help with treatment and what you need to heal. To start with, have an open mind and an open heart. Limit complaining. Complaints may need to be aired in order to relieve pressure, but if they dominate(占上风), anger will win. Tell the truth. You do not need to tell people everything, but you do need to be honest. Listen carefully because it shows respect.
The fourth step is about renewal—getting rid of what is bringing you down and making a fresh start. It's helpful to break the process down. It is easier to make small adjustments than big ones. On occasion, the small steps alone can remove fatigue. For instance, you may not need to change your career but change emphasis. If you feel hopelessly dragged down by fatigue, self-care may be the best prescription.
listening；Rid；adjustments/changes
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者对于如何恢复精力，给出了一些建议和方法。

（1）考查信息提升，根据第二段中的“Awareness comes first because you have to understand what's going on before you can do anything to change it.”意识是第一位的，因为在你做任何事情去改变它之前，你必须先了解发生了什么。

这一部分主要讲了意识，所以填Awareness。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“What signs of trouble do you regularly display?”可知这里填trouble。

（3）考查细心提升。

根据第三段中的“Reflecting on the choices you've made can provide clarity, which will help you figure out what needs to be changed.”可知这里意思是仔细思考你所做的选择，找出需要改变的地方。

need doing需要做某事，该用法是固定用法，所以填changing。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Thinking about the positive aspects of your life will make you feel refreshed and ready to move forward. ”可知这里意思是积极地思考，你会感到精神焕发，准备好继续前进。

该空修饰动词Think，用副词，所以填positively。

（5）考查信息提升。

根据第四段中的“Conversing with others not only provides support, but also leads to new perspectives and feedback that can help with treatment and what you need to heal.”结合表格中的内容，可知这一部分主要讲了谈话，所以填Conversation。

（6）考查信息提升。

根据第四段“Limit complaining. Complaints may need to be aired in order to relieve pressure, but if they dominate(占上风), anger will win.”可知这里意思是向他人敞开心扉，但不要抱怨太多。

助动词don't后，接动词原形，所以填complain。

（7）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Tell the truth. You do not need to tell people everything, but you do need to be honest.”可知这里意思是没有必要把一切都告诉别人，但是你需要通过讲真话来表现出诚实。

作动词show的宾语，用名词，所以填honesty。

（8）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Listen carefully because it shows respect.”可知这里意思是认真倾听，尊重他人。

介词by之后，接v+ing形式，所以填listening。

（9）考查信息提升。

根据最后一段中的“The fourth step is about renewal—getting rid of what is bringing you down and making a fres h start.”可知这里意思是摆脱让你沮丧的事情，重新开始。

祈使句用动词原形，所以填Rid。

（10）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“It is easier to make small adjustments than big ones. 可知这里意思是做一些小的调整或采取自我照顾的态度。

作Make的宾语，用名词，所以
填adjustments/changes。

【点评】本题考点涉及信息提升，细节理解和推理判断三个题型的考查，要求考生准确掌握所给材料，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，从而做出正确答案。

2．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

注意:每个空格只填1个单词。

The urge to share our lives on social media
People have long used media to see reflections of themselves. Long before mobile phones or even photography, diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives. In the 18th and 19th centuries, as diaries became more popular, middle-class New Englanders, particularly white women, wrote about their everyday lives and the world around them.
These diaries were not a place into which they poured their innermost thoughts and desires, but rather a place to chronicle (记录) the social world around them. The diaries captured the everyday routines of mid-19th-century life, and women diarists in particular focused not on themselves but on their families and their communities.
Diaries today are, for the most part, private. But things were different for these New England diaries. Young women who were married would send their diaries home to their parents as a way of maintaining kin (血缘) relations. When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one's journal together.
Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others. We have long used media like photo albums, baby books and even slide shows as a means of creating traces (痕迹) of our lives. We do this to understand ourselves and to see trends in our behaviour. We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.
Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social connection and intimacy (亲密感). For example, you take a picture of your child's first birthday. It is not only a developmental milestone: the photo also strengthen the identity of the family unit itself. The act of taking the photo and proudly sharing it further reaffirms (再次证实) one as a good and attentive parent. In other words, the media traces of others figure in our own identities.
Today's social media platforms are, by and large, free to use, unlike historical diaries, which people had to buy. Today, advertising subsidises (补贴) our use of networked platforms. Therefore these platforms encourage use of their networks to build larger audiences and to better target them. Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising.
Instead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze (狂热) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it's someone's birthday, someone liked your picture, etc. There's a multibillion-dollar industry pulling us into our smartphones, relying on a longstanding human need for communication.
The urge to be present on social media is much more complex than simply narcissism (自恋). Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.
free/nothing；commodities；catering；connection/communication
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了早期的和现代社交媒体的特点和影响。

（1）考查信息归纳。

根据第一段中的“Long before mobile phones or even photography，diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”可知，早在手机和摄影出现以前，日记是人们了解自己和世界的方式，在手机和摄影出现以前的方式属于早期（最初）的媒体，故填early/primitive。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Long before mobile phones or even photography，diaries were kept as a way to understand oneself and the world in which one lives”可知，在手机和摄影出现以前，人们通过日记来了解自己和世界，故填diaries。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Diaries today are, for the most part, private”及“When family or friends came to visit, it was not uncommon to sit down and go through one's journal together.”可知，现在，日记是很私人的东西，但在那时，已婚的年轻女性与家人和朋友分享自己的日记是很平常的事情，故填share。

（4）考查信息概括。

根据第四段中的“Diaries are not the only media that people have used to document lives and share them with others.”及第五段中的“Sharing everyday life events can strengthen social co nnection and intimacy”等信息可知，这两段主要介绍了社交媒体的好处（功能/目的），故填Functions/Purposes/Benefits。

（5）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“We create traces as part of our identity and part of our memory.”可知，我们创造痕迹作为我们身份和记忆的一部分，也就是说，我们一直通过社交媒体来展示我们是谁以及我们在生活中经历了什么，故填who。

（6）考查细节归纳。

根据第五段中的“Shari ng everyday life events can strengthen social
connection and intimacy”可知，分享日常生活中的事情可以加强社会联系和亲密感，也就是说可以使家庭成员之间的关系更亲密，故填close/closer。

（7）考查细节理解。

根据第六段中的“Today's social media platforms are, by and large, free to use”可知，现在的社交媒体平台都是免费使用，故填free/nothing。

（8）考查信息归纳。

根据第六段中的“Our pictures, our posts, and our likes are commodified—that is, they are used to create value through increasingly targeted advertising. ”可知，我们的图片、帖子、喜好都是商品化的，它们被用来通过越来越有针对性的广告来创造价值，也就是说我们的私人数据通过定向广告被用作商品，故填commodities。

（9）考查信息归纳。

根据倒数第二段中的“Inst ead of social media merely connecting us, it has become a craze ( 狂热 ) for information, continually trying to draw us in with the promise of social connectivity—it's someone's birthday, someone liked your picture, etc.”可知，社交媒体不再只是把我们联系在一起，它已经成为一种对信息的狂热，不断地试图用社交连接来吸引我们——有人过生日、有人喜欢你的照片等等，也就是说社交媒体通过迎合我们的需要来吸引我们，故填catering。

（10）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Social media of all kinds not only enable people to see their reflections, but to feel their connection as well.”可知，社交媒体会让人们感受到他们与外界的交流与联系，人们对此很感兴趣，故填connection/communication。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，信息归纳和信息概括三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，并，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，做出正确答案。

3．阅读下文并回答问题。

Confidence (自信) is very important in daily life. It can help you to develop a healthy attitude (态度). A study shows that the people who are more confident are much happier. They can have more chance to make themselves successful. When you are not confident you can't do well what you want to do. But how to be more confident? Here are some suggestions:
Speak loud You speak in a voice so low that other people can hardly hear you. Try to speak loud enough so that people can hear you clearly. The high voice can help you become more confident.
Play sports Physical exercise makes you tired but completely relaxed. A strong body helps you be full of confidence.
Encourage yourself Write down a list of things you did during the day to see how many things you have done well. Did you finish your homework? Did you tell a joke that made everybody laugh? Give yourself praise for the good things you've done.
Get rid of (消除) fear Fear comes along with failure (失败). But it's easy to overcome (克服) if you know that failure is part of your life. Don't hide your head just because you said something stupid last time. Try to start again and believe you can do better.
Pick up a hobby If you like singing, sing as much as you can. In some ways, a hobby can make you outstanding. And it will make you happy and confident.
（1）Is confidence important in daily life?
（2）When you fail, what can you do to get rid of fear?
（3）Which of these suggestions would you like to choose to be more confident? Why?
【答案】（1）Yes.
（2）I can try to start again and believe I can do better.
（3）选择一个建议回答即可。

说明原由时要有依据。

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个如何让自己更自信的方法。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Confidence (自信) is very important in daily life.”可知自信在日常生活中很重要，所以本题的答案为Yes。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Try to start again and believe you can do better.”可知对于消除恐惧，作者给的方法是尝试重新开始并相信自己可以做得更好。

所以本题答案为I can try to start again and believe I can do better.
（3）考查推理判断。

本题是开放性问题，选择一个建议回答即可。

说明原由时要有依据。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而做出正确答案。

4．（2019•天津）阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

Haze Mabry, who has worked as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empties garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms and mops wet messes in the hallways.
Last Friday, after he arrived at the school, instead of finding garbage to clean up, he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him. It was his 80th. As he walked the long hallway, some popped out of lime to hug him. They handed him so many cards that they filled several large boxes. Touched by their enthusiastic expression of affection. Mabry thanked them all. "They're like my children," Mabry said.
On a regular day, students at the school sometimes come up to him to say they're not feeling well or other times to tell him about something that happened at break. He knows most of the kids at the school, but can't name each one. Some of them make him know them. Like Faith, who often forgets her backpack in the cafeteria, and Lucy, who just wants a hug.
"He won't brag（夸耀）on himself, but it doesn't matter what he's doing or where he is, he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that child his undivided attention. He's the most loved one in this building," said Lori Gilreath, a reading teacher.
Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don't want to touch. He doesn't expect a lot. Mabry said he hadn't planned to do much for his milestone birthday, so he was happy the students had prepared the surprise celebration.
Over the weekend, he worked through the piles of handmade cards at his house. One card from a student stood out to him. It read: "Mr. Haze, you are my sunshine.”
（1）What is Mabry's daily work as a school keeper？（no more than 5 words）
（2）How did the students celebrate Mabry's birthday？（no more than 15 words）
（3）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 2 probably mean？（1 word）
（4）Why is Mabry's presence at the school important？（no more than 10 words）
（5）Who is the "sunshine" in your life？Please explain. （no more than 20 words）
【答案】（1）Cleaning the（school）building.
Or: Doing（the）cleaning.
Or: He cleans the（school）building.
Or: He does（the）cleaning.
（2）By lining the hallways，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，handing him cards，and hugging him.
Or: By lining the hallways with（handmade）cards，blowing noisemakers，singing a song，and hugging him.
Or: They lined the hallways，blew noisemakers，sang a song，handed him cards，and hugged him.
Or: They lined the hallways with（handmade）cards，blew noisemakers，sang a song，and hugged him.
（3）Love.
Or: Liking.
Or: Fondness.
（4）（Because）he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard.
Or: （Because）he loves（the）students and is devoted to his work.
Or: （Because）he is kind/caring/helpful to the students，and hard-working.
Or: （Because）he is regarded as a kind/warm-hearted/helpful/caring and hard-working man.
（5）My father/mother. （Because）he/she loves me and encourages me when I'm faced/confronted with difficulties.
Or: My teacher. （Because）he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career.
Or: My friend. （Because）he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/help/encouragement.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，清洁工Mabry的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。

Mabry 爱学生，关心学生。

学生们也尊敬他，喜欢他。

在他80生日那天，学生们用自己的方式祝贺他的生日，表达了对Mabry的热爱。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Haze Mabry, who has works as a school keeper for thirteen years, walks into the school building every day and empty garbage cans, wipes down bathrooms, and mops wet messes in the hallways.”可知Haze Mabry是一位清洁工，他的日常工作就是清扫学校大楼。

因此本句的答案可为：Cleaning the (school) building. /Doing
（the） cleaning. /He cleans the (school)building. /He does (the) cleaning.
（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Last Friday,...he found almost 800 students lining the hallways with handmade cards, blowing noisemakers and singing a full-throated happy birthday to him.和some popped out of line to hug him.”可知，上个周五，他发现几乎有800名学生在走廊里排队，拿着手制卡片，吹口哨，为他唱了一首响亮的生日快乐歌，拥抱他。

因此答案为：By lining the hallways, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, handing him cards, and hugging him. /By lining the hallways with (handmade) cards, blowing noisemakers, singing a song, and hugging him. / They lined the hallways, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him. / They lined the hallways with (handmade) card, blew noisemakers, sang a song, handed him cards, and hugged him.
（3）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段学生们为Mabry庆祝生日的方式和划线词后的内容“Mabry thanked them all,”以及“They're like my children.”可知 Mabry 爱学生，把学生当作自己的孩子。

那么学生们也表达了他们对Mabry的热爱。

因此Mabry被学生的爱所感动，故所以的“affection”相当于“Love”，故填love /Liking /Fondness.
（4）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“...he will always stop what he's doing to take care of a child if that child is having a bad day. If a child approaches him, he will pause to give that boy his undivided attention. He's the most loved one in this building.”以及最后一段中的“Mabry works circles around all the students, cleaning up messes others don't want to touch. He doesn't expect a lot.”可知，Mabry 关心爱护孩子，帮助孩子，是一个善良、热心的人。

一个不怕脏不怕累、勤奋工作的人。

因此答案为：(Because) he loves/cares about（the）students and works hard. / (Because) he loves the students and devoted to his work. /(Because) he is kind/caring /helping to the students , and hard-working. / (Because) he is regarded as a kind /warm-hearted /helpful/caring and hard-working man.
（5）考查学生的观察综合表达能力。

本题的题目：who is the "sunshine" in your life?”谁是你生活中的阳光？只要在生活或学习中帮助过你，关心你、爱护你的，鼓励你，安慰你的都可称为your sunshine。

因此答案可为：My father/mother.(Because) he/she loves me and encouraged me when I'm faced/confronted with difficulties. Or: My teacher.(Because) he/she cares about me and prepares me for my future career. Or: My friend.(Because) he/she brings me joy/happiness and gives me a lot of comfort/ help/ encouragement.
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测以及综合表达能力等题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握所给材料，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而做出正确答案。

5．阅读下列短文，按照要求用英文回答问题。

I was in the country, Vietnam, from 1970 to 1971. I was a nineteen-year-old soldier. Six months after my arrival, I stepped on a land mine and lost my right foot. Although it was a painful experience, I also felt great relief and happiness. I knew it meant my plane ticket home. So I had mixed feelings after the accident.
Back in the US, I was fitted with an artificial leg and I threw away my uniform and my Purple Heart. They had no value to me. They reminded me of what I wasn't proud of and I had one
constant reminder: one artificial leg.
Twenty-six years later, I participated in a bicycle race in Vietnam, which was designed for Americans and veterans (老兵) and civilians of Vietnam. In the race I formed a connection with Tran, a veteran of the former North Vietnam. Like me, Tran had also lost his leg due to a mine. But unlike me, he had also lost some family members in the Americans' bombing. He said he used to be filled with hate for Americans.
One day, I heard that he had slipped in the race by accident, and that his leg was hurting him. I offered him some medicine to ease his pain. He gave me a "thumbs up". He smiled his big smile. And that was enough. We had a special connection. Although language was an obstacle to our communication, it didn't hinder us from conveying our friendship. In the race, we found that we could relax and enjoy each other's company, even without words.
During the race, I found his prosthesis (假肢) was not good, so I considered arranging a new prosthesis for him after returning home. And I invited him to visit my country. Joyfully, he agreed. When I returned home, I talked with my friend Jim, who owned the company where my prosthesis was made. I told him about Tran and why he should have a new prosthesis. Jim agreed. Later, Tran travelled to my country. We got Tran a new prosthetic leg. I was happy to give something to him—and in a way, to his country. At my daughters' school, he talked about forgiveness. Despite their country's loss, he found the place in his heart to forgive.
He is my friend, and I am happy that now our friendship will continue for the rest of our life.（1）Why did the author have mixed feelings after the accident? (no more than 10 words) （2）What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 mean? (only 1 word)
（3）What did the author's friend, Jim, agree to do? (no more than 10 words)
（4）What was the change of Tran's feelings to Americans? (no more than 10 words)
（5）Why does the author say he and Tran will be friends for the rest of their life? Please give reasons in your own words. (no more than 20 words)
【答案】（1）Because although he was injured, he could returned home.
（2）Prevent.
（3）To make a new prosthesis for Tran for free.
（4）He turned hate to forgiveness.
（5）Open.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者去越南参加自行车比赛时，遇到了和他遭遇相似的越南老兵，他们心意相通，成为了朋友。

作者回国后邀请Tran来美国并送给他新的假肢，他很感动，告诉作者他原谅了美国对他的伤害，作者觉得他们的友谊可以永远保持下去。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Although it was a painful experience, I also felt great relief and happiness. I knew it meant my plane ticket home. So I had mixed feelings after the accident.”可知，作者虽然腿受了伤，但这意味着他可以回家，所以他的心情即痛苦又开心。

故本题答案为：Because although he was injured, he could return home.
（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第四段中的“Although language was an obstacle to our communication, it didn't hinder us from conveying our friendship.”可知，尽管语言是他们交流
的障碍，但这并不……他们传达友情。

前后句为转折关系，故推测划线词的意思是“阻止”。

故本题答案为：Prevent。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“so I considered arranging a new prosthesis for him after returning home…When I returned home, I talked with my friend Jim, who owned the company where my prosthesis was made. I told him about Tran and why he should have a new prosthesis.”可知，作者回到美国后把想送给Tran新假肢的事情给朋友Jim说了，Jim对此想法表示赞同。

故本题答案为：To make a new prosthesis for Tran for free.
（4）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“He said he used to be filled with hate for Americans.和倒数第二段的At my daughters' school, he talked about f orgiveness.”可知，Tran对美国的态度由恨变为原谅。

故本题答案为：He turned hate to forgiveness.
（5）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的“We had a special connection. Although language was an obstacle to our communication, it didn't hinder us from conveying our friendship. In the race, we found that we c ould relax and enjoy each other's company, even without words.”；以及倒数第二段中的“I was happy to give something to him—and in a way, to his country. At my daughters' school, he talked about forgiveness. Despite their country's loss, he found the place in his heart to forgive.”可推测，作者认为他们之间的友谊可以继续延续下去是因为他们虽然语言不同却能正真理解对方，而且Tran也放下了对美国的仇恨。

故本题答案可以围绕这方面展开。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息。

并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而写出正确答案。

6．Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Life is not easy when you are looking for something worthwhile and ready to learn from the best experiences. ________ Here are some life lessons which people will learn the hard way in majority of cases.
________However people usually get discouraged when it takes more time than they thought it would. At this time, people refer only to people who have already achieved what they want to do. Look at any successful person and you'll notice one thing common in all of them: they took time to learn and mastered their skill like no one else. There is no elevator to success and you have to take the stairs.
Be brave to take the road less traveled. In our whole life, we always want to follow the same path that everyone suggests, do the same thing everyone does, take the same career path everyone takes, wear the same clothes everyone wears, and hang out with the same people we work with. Why? Because we are scared to fail. But when you get bored of life, you realize that you are not meant to do what everyone does and that your destiny is different from anyone else's out there in the world. ________
You don't have to live your life in a way society wants you to. ________Parents sometimes force their children to select a career they don't want because other children have selected that
career. Worst of all, people follow them without even asking. There is no harm in believing in old beliefs but when you pursue them before your interest, sooner or later you'll realize that you should first do what you think is right.
A. It takes continuous time and effort to be successful in any area.
B. The general rule goes that the harder you try, the greater results you get.
C. Many old beliefs are being performed these days and are followed blindly.
D. It always takes tests and then fails us to learn anything worthwhile.
E. However, in most circumstances your effort and attempt go well alongside with your desired achievement.
F. But the price we pay to realize this is high because it takes a great amount of courage to follow your own path.
【答案】 D；A；F；C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个人生教训。

（1）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前“ Life is not easy when you are looking for something worthwhile and ready to learn from the best experiences.”当你想追寻值得做的事情并准备学习最好的经验时，生活并不总是容易的，此处解释不容易的原因，D. It always takes tests and then fails us to learn anything worthwhile.“它总是考验我们，让我们通过失败来学习有价值的东西”，符合语境。

故选D。

（2）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后“However，people usually get discour aged when it takes more time than they thought it would.“然而，当人们花的时间比他们预想的长时，他们就会感到沮丧，此处讲的还是关于时间的话题，并与下文形成转折，A. It takes continuous time and effort to be successful in any area.”在任何领域取得成功都需要持续的时间和努力“，符合语境。

故选A。

（3）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空前”But when you get bore d of life, you realize that you are not meant to do what everyone does and that your destiny is different from anyone else's out there in the world. “但当你对生活感到厌倦时，你就会意识到你并不是要做每个人都做的事，你的命运和世界上其他人的命运是不同的，此处承接这一话题，F项中的your own path与前面的"your destiny is different from anyone else's"相呼应，故F. But the price we pay to realize this is high because it takes a great amount of courage to follow your own path.”但我们为实现这一点所付出的代价是巨大的，因为走自己的路需要极大的勇气“符合语境。

故选F。

（4）考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

根据空后”Parents sometimes force their children to s elect a career they don't want because other children have selected that career.“父母有时会强迫孩子选择自己不喜欢的专业就因为别的孩子选择了那个专业，这是对盲目跟风的举例说明，C. Many old beliefs are being performed these days and are followed blindly.许多旧习最近又开始风行，人们盲目地跟风”符合语境。

故选C。

【点评】本题要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

7．请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

A fresh-faced batch of teenagers just began a new school year, but will they get the most out of
it? In the mornings, many are forced to get to school much too early. And at night, screens are a temptation that's hard to resist. This double whammy (双重灾难) is a perfect lesson in sleep deprivation (剥夺).
Three out of every four students in grades 9 to 12 fail to sleep the minimum of eight hours that the American Academy of Medicine recommends for their age group. In most cases, insufficient sleep results in reduced attention, preventing students' progress and lowering grades. More alarmingly, sleep deprivation may lead to physical and emotional problems.
It is important to understand why teenagers have a particularly hard time getting enough sleep, and what adults need to do to help. First, a reminder of the basic biology: Adolescents are no longer the morning larks of their younger years. They become rewired as night owls, staying awake later and then sleeping in. This is mostly driven by changes in the way the brain responds to light.
New technology habits aren't helping. More teenagers now turn to activities involving screens at night. The growth in screen time is particularly problematic for sleep. The blue light emitted by LEDs, TVs, tablets and smartphones suppresses the body's secretion (分泌) of melatonin, the hormone that signals it's time to sleep. Overdosing on screens at night effectively tells the brain it's still daytime, delaying the body's cues to sleep even further.
Parents should inform their kids of the time that can be spent on screens, and praise children who show signs of regulating their own media consumption. In the hour before bedtime, there should be a suspension on bright lights in the home, avoiding devices and harsh LED bulbs in kitchens and bathrooms.
In 2016, the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that middle and high schools start no earlier than 8: 30 a. m., a policy now backed by the American Medical Association and many other health organizations.
Parents also need to join forces with community leaders, sleep scientists, health professionals and educators to put school start times on the local, then state agendas.
Whenever schools have managed the transition to a later start time, students get more sleep, attendance goes up, grades improve and there is a significant reduction in car accidents.。