利用马氏珠母贝4个壳色系F3培育厚层优质珍珠

利用马氏珠母贝4个壳色系F3培育厚层优质珍珠
符韶;谢绍河;邓岳文;梁飞龙
【期刊名称】《水产学报》
【年(卷),期】2012(036)009
【摘要】为了评价红、金黄、白和黑壳色系F3育珠性状,设立两个实验,分别利用马氏珠母贝红、金黄、白和黑壳色系F3作为植核(受体)贝和小片(供体)贝进行植核育珠.实验Ⅰ:利用红、金黄、白和黑壳色系F3为插核贝和小片贝建立16个组合,另外利用以普通养殖群体为插核贝、金黄壳色系F3为小片贝建立了1个组合,共建立17个组合,育珠期为24个月；实验Ⅱ:分别利用红、金黄、白和黑壳色系F3为植核贝和小片贝建立16个组合,育珠期为18个月.结果表明,育珠期结束后实验Ⅰ和Ⅱ的4个壳色系F3平均壳高和成活率均存在显著性差异(P＜0.05),实验Ⅰ和Ⅱ的黑壳色系F3具有最大的平均壳高,实验Ⅰ金黄壳色系F3具有最高的成活率,实验Ⅱ黑壳色系F3具有最高的成活率.实验Ⅰ:各组合间的留核率、商品珠率、优良珠率和育珠绩效均存在显著性差异(P＜0.05),珍珠层厚度差异不显著(P＞0.05)；BW 组具有最大的留核率、商品珠率、珠层厚度和育珠绩效值,RB组具有最大的优良珠率；实验Ⅱ:各组合的留核率、商品珠率、优良珠率、珍珠层厚度和育珠绩效均存在显著性差异(P＜0.05).黑壳色系F3作为插核贝具有较好的育珠效果,经进一步测试其育珠性能,可在珍珠生产中推广应用.%Two experiments were designed to evaluate the pearl production traits of the third generation red
(RS3) ,yellow(YS3) , white ( WS3) and black(BS3) shell colored lines. Different colored lines were used as host and donor oysters respectively. The pearl in Experiment I , 16 combinations were established by sampling
the RS3, YS3 ,WS3 and BS3 lines as honor and donor oysters. Another combination was established by using the common cultured stock and YS3 as honor and donor oysters, respectively. And a total of seventeen combinations were established. The pearls were harvested after the honor oysters were cultured for twenty-four months. In Experiment Ⅱ , sixteen combinations were established by sampling the RS3, YS3, WS3 and BS3 lines as honor and donor oysters. The pearls were harvested after the honor oysters were cultured for eighteen months. After harvesting pearls,shell height growth and survival of the RS3, YS3, WS3 and BS3 lines were compared in both experiments. Retention rate,commercial pearl rate,better quality pearl rate and pearl thickness of each combination in Experiment Ⅰ and Ⅱ were compared. The results showed that there existed significant differences in mean shell height and survival among the RS3, YS3, WS3 and BS3 lines in Experiment I and H (P ＜0. 05). The BS3 line had the largest mean shell height compared with the RS3, YS3 and WS3 lines in Experiment Ⅰ and Ⅱ. The YS3 line had the largest survival in Experiment I and the BS3 line had the largest survival in Experiment Ⅱ. In Experiment Ⅰ , t here were significant differences in retention rate, commercial rate, perfect quality pearl rate and pearl performance values among the 17 combinations(P ＜0. 05) ;There were insignificant differences in pearl thickness among the 17 combinations (P ＞0.05) ; The BW combination had the highest retention rate,commercial pearl rate,pearl thickness and pearl performance value,and the RB had the highest perfect quality pearl rate. In Experiment II ,there were significant differences in
retention rate, commercial rate, pearl thickness, perfect quality pearl rate and pearl performance values among the 16 combinations(P ＜0. 05). A combined analysis on host or donor oysters showed that the BS3 line is desirable for host oyster to produce better quality pearl and is promising in the commercial pearl production.
【总页数】7页(P1418-1424)
【作者】符韶;谢绍河;邓岳文;梁飞龙
【作者单位】广东海洋大学珍珠研究所,广东湛江524025;广东海洋大学珍珠研究所,广东湛江524025;广东海洋大学珍珠研究所,广东湛江524025;广东海洋大学珍珠研究所,广东湛江524025
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】S966.23
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