2017_2018学年北京海淀区初二下学期期末英语试卷(详解版)

2017~2018学年北京海淀区初二下学期期末英语…
My mom is very kind and I love very much.
A. him
B. her
C. me
D. us
答案
解析
标注
B
考查代词的宾格。

人称代词在此处做宾语。

句意：我的妈妈很好，我很爱她。

她
（she）的宾格为her，him是他（he）的宾格，me是我（I）的宾格，us是我们
（we）的宾格。

故选B。

语言知识运用
代词
人称代词
宾格
We usually have four classes the morning.
A. at
B. in
C. to
D. on
答案
解析
标注
B
考查时间介词。

1）at的用法： at表示 "在某一时刻，某一时点" ，后面常常接时刻，
如：at noon在中午；2）on的用法：on表示 "在具体某一天" ，后接特定日期，或者特
定日期的早上、下午或晚上，如：on Sunday在星期天；3）in的用法：in表示 "在某世
纪、年、季度、月、周" 以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。

如：in the morning/
afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上。

句意：我们在早上通常有四节课。

故选B。

语言知识运用
介词及介词短语
介词辨析
一、单项填空（共12小题，每小题1分，满分12分）
—have you had that bike over there?
—I've had it for three years.
A. How many
B. How much
C. How long
D. How o ften
答案解析
标注
C
考查how疑问词引导的疑问句。

句意：—那边那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？—买了三年了。

how many询问可数名词的数量，how much询问不可数名词的数量，how long询问时间长短，how often询问频率。

故选C。

语言知识运用
副词
疑问副词
you please close the window? It's a little bit c old.
A. Must
B. Should
C. Need
D. Could
答案解析标注D
考查情态动词。

句意：可以请你关一下窗户吗？有点儿冷。

must必须，should应该，need需要，could可以。

故选D。

语言知识运用
动词
情态动词
情态动词辨析
Don't worry. I will call you I get there.
A. since
B. because
C. as soon as
D. so t hat
答案解析C
考查连词以及连词词组。

句意：不用担心，我一到那就会给你打电话。

since既然，because因为，as soon as一……就……，so that那样的话。

故选C。

标注语言知识运用
连词
从属连词
Qomolangma is 8, 844.43 meters high. It's mountain in the world.
A. high
B. higher
C. highest
D. the highest
答案解析标注D
考查形容词最高级。

句意：珠穆朗玛峰高达8844.43米。

它是世界上最高的山峰。

形容词比较级加-er，最高级加-est且前面加定冠词the。

故选D
语言知识运用
形容词
形容词最高级
A few months ago, I to Singapore for vacation.
A. went
B. go
C. have been
D. will g o
答案解析标注A
考查一般过去时。

句意：几个月前，我去新加坡度假了。

根据时间 "几个月前" 可知动词应用过去时态，go的过去式went。

故选A。

语言知识运用
动词时态
一般过去时
My brother for the bus when the rainstorm came.
A. has waited
B. was waiting
C. waits
D. is waiting
答案解析B
考查过去进行时。

句意：暴风雨到来的时候我的弟弟在等公交车。

根据语境可知过去正在进行的动作用过去进行时，故选B。

语言知识运用
动词时态
过去进行时
标注
Steve in our school since he came to Beijing.
A. works
B. worked
C. has worked
D. will w ork
答案解析
标注C
考查现在完成时。

句意：Steve自从来到北京就一直在我们学校工作。

根据标志词since+一般过去时句子，表示从过去开始到现在，现在完成时可表达动作从过去持续到现在，其形式为have/has+done。

故选C。

语言知识运用
动词时态
现在完成时
Can you explain to me how this math problem?
A. to do
B. do
C. doing
D. done
答案解析标注A
考查疑问词+to do。

句意：你可以跟我解释一下怎么解这道数学题吗？特殊疑问词+动词不定式作宾语。

故选A。

语言知识运用
非谓语动词
to do
疑问词+to do
Keep and you will succeed.
A. tried
B. try
C. to try
D. trying 答案D
解析标注考查非谓语动词。

根据keep 的固定用法keep doing something可知此处应填动词的- ing形式，doing作宾语。

句意：坚持尝试，你就会成功。

故选D。

语言知识运用
非谓语动词
V-ing
V-ing作宾语
v+doing
—Do you know the meeting room early? —Because she had a headache.
A. why Ann left
B. why did Ann
leave C.why Ann will
leave
D.why will Ann
leave
答案解析
标注A
考查宾语从句的语序及时态。

句意：你知道Ann为什么提前离开会议室吗？因为她头疼。

根据回答中had可知是过去式，排除CD；又宾语从句应使用陈述语序，排除B。

故选A。

语言知识运用
复合句
名词性从句
宾语从句
宾语从句的时态
The Fruit Is Sweet
二、完形填空（共8小题，每小题1分，满分8分）
My mother liked to fill our house with plants. She treasured her
little garden and the lives she created with tiny seeds （种子）. I
remember the happiness on her face when she showed me what had
grown.
One day in high school, I passed through a gardening store, hoping
to find something that I could use for my art piece. I had no luck finding
one, so I decided to take bags of 1 seeds home instead. I had
never planted anything in my life. For some reason, these colorful seed
packets attracted me. I 2 many bags: roses, morning glories, lilies and even some moonflowers.
When I got home, my mother told me seriously that, if I was going to plant these flowers, it would have to be on my own. Not discouraged I planted the different seeds in different pots. Every day, I 3 them, hoping that the next day a little green head would spurt （冒出）to say "hello". But each day, I became 4 when I saw that my flowers hadn't grown. After about a week, when I was ready to give up on them, my mom said to me, "You need patience （耐心）."
I did wait. One sunny afternoon, I came home from school. Walking up to the house,
I took a quick look at the pots, really not 5 to see that anything had grown. To my surprise, there was a long green stem （茎）in one of the planted pots. A big 6 lit
up my face. The morning glory vine suddenly spurted while I was at school.
In the past few years, I've learned that mothers are usually 7 . My mother taught me well, even though she really didn't have to use much effort. I learn to treasure those little lives that I create. She taught me to 8 . I believe that patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet.
1. A. flower B. vegetable C. tree D. fruit
2. A. borrowed B. bought C. lost D. wasted
3. A. fixed B. moved C. cleaned D. watered
4. A. certain B. excited C. unhappy D. weak
5. A. expecting B. agreeing C. continuing D. deciding
6. A. sign B. smile C. stress D. fear
7. A. serious B. strict C. fair D. right
8. A. offer
答案ABDCA
B.
BDC
try C. wait D. share
解析
1：考查名词。

根据下文roses, morning glories, lilies and even some moonflowers
皆为花名，可知句意：所以我决定带几袋花种回家。

flower花，vegetable蔬菜，tree
树，fruit水果。

故选A。

2：
考查动词。

根据上文我决定带几袋花种回家，可知句意：我买了许多袋。

borrow 借，
buy买，lose丢，waste浪费。

故选B。

3：考
查动词。

根据上下文可知句意：每天，我给它们浇水。

fix修理，move移动， clean清
理，water浇水。

故选D。

4：考查形
容词。

根据上下文可知句意：但是每天我看到花一点没有长心情变得沮丧起来。

certain特定的，excited激动的，unhappy沮丧的，weak虚弱的。

故选C。

5：考
查动词。

根据上下文可知句意：我随意的看了一眼那些花盆，没有指望能看到有什么
东西长出来。

expect期待，agree同意，continue持续，decide决定。

故选A。

6：考
查名词。

根据上文看到花盆里有绿色的茎，可知句意：我的嘴咧出了一个大大的笑容。

sign标签，smile笑容，stress压力，fear恐惧。

故选B。

7：考查
形容词。

根据上下文我听从妈妈的建议耐心等待，等到了发芽，可知句意：我的妈妈
通常是对的。

serious严肃的，strict严格的，fair公平的，right正确的。

故选 D。

8：考查动词。

根据上文在我想要放弃的时候妈妈告诉我需要耐心 "After about a
week, when I was ready to give up on them, my mom said to me, "You need
patience" 可知此处句意：她教我等待。

offer提供，try尝试，wait等待，share分享。

故选C。

标注记叙文
完形填空（话题）
描写
三、阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
Here are three famous cities in the world. You will find the most famous landmarks which are symbols for a city and maybe even for the country.
Venice
This beautiful city in northeastern Italy is built on about 120
small islands. The city has no roads. Instead, people use
boats to travel along the canals （运河）. Flat-bottomed
boats called gondolas were once the main means of
You should see St. Mark's Square-the center of activity in this city. It has wonderful buildings.
Chicago
This American city is the main business and cultural center of
the Midwest. It is famous for its music, opera and theaters. It
also has excellent museums! When shopping in this city, you
can visit a long row of fashionable stores on North Michigan
Avenue. One of the world's tallest buildings, the John
Hancock Center, is also on this avenue.
Rio de Janeiro
Travelers use many words to describe this South American
city: beautiful, sunny，friendly and exciting. It is the city of
the Carnival （嘉年华）, when everyone dances the samba in
the streets. Tourists also love to visit its wonderful beaches
and mountains. You should not miss the National Park of
Tijuca—one of the largest city parks in the world.
（1）is built on about 120 small islands.
A.Chicago
B. Venice
C. Rio de Janeiro
D. Tijuca
（2）Chicago is famous for its music, opera and .
A.parks
B. theaters
C. boats
D. colleges
（3）The John Hancock Center is
A.in South America
B. in northeastern Italy
C. on North Michigan Avenue
D. on St Mark's Square
（4）Rio de Janeiro is the city of the Carnival, when everyone .
A.dances the samba in the streets
B. travels by boat along the canals
C. visits the world's tallest buildings
D. goes shopping at fashionable stores
答案（1）B
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
解析
（1）细节题。

根据原文Venice中的第一句 "This beautiful city in northeastern
Italy is built on about 120 small islands" 可知是Venice。

故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据原文Chicago中的 "It is famous for its music, opera and
theaters" 可知它以其音乐，戏曲和剧作而闻名于世。

故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据原文Chicago中 "When shopping in this city, you can visit a long row of fashionable stores on North Michigan Avenue. One of the
world's tallest buildings, the John Hancock Center, is also on this
avenue" 可知是在北密歇根大街上。

故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据原文Rio de Janeiro中的 "It is the city of the Carnival （嘉年华）, when everyone dances the samba in the streets" 可知人们在街上跳起
桑巴，它就变成了一座嘉年华之城。

故选A。

标注阅读理解（话题）
文体类
应用文
B
Riley read so many stories about pirates （海盗）and
treasure chests that he wanted to find a treasure chest of his
own. One day, Riley went to the library and read a story about a
man that buried （埋） expensive gold coins in his backyard in a
chest. Riley was so interested in the story. "Mom, tell him that
treasure chests are only in books and movies," said his old
brother Ted. "It could really happen," said Riley. "Riley's right," said mom. "If you believe
in something strong enough, it could happen."
That night Riley's mom told Riley's dad how much Riley wanted to find a treasure chest. "I have an idea," said Riley's mom. "Saturday is Riley's birthday. Let's put his gift in
a treasure chest and bury it in the yard for him to find." "That's a great idea!" said Riley's dad. They decided to put his new watch in the treasure chest. They would give him a map with clues （线索）to look for the treasure chest outside.
After Riley left for school the next day, his mom wrapped the watch and went to the party store to buy a treasure chest. She came home and buried the treasure chest underneath the oak tree. She then drew a map with clues to where the treasure chest was buried. When Saturday came, mom and dad gave Riley his map, and told him that he would have to find his gift in the treasure chest using the clues on the map. Riley was
so excited! He anxiously followed all the clues and found the treasure chest with his new watch. "Wow!" said Riley. "This is fantastic! I knew I would find a treasure chest someday!" "Happy Birthday!" they all shouted.
（1）One day, Riley read a story about .
A.a new watch
B. a treasure chest
C.a pirate map
D. an interesting movie
（2）Riley's mother hid the gift .
A.in the yard
B. in the library
C. in Riley's
D.in a party store
school
（3）What can we know from the passage?
A.Riley got a surprise on his birthday.
B.Ted and Riley had the same interest.
C.Dad found the treasure chest for Riley.
D.Mom told Riley how to make a special gift.
答案（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
解析（1）细节理解题。

根据原文中第一段 "Riley went to the library and read a story about a man that buried （埋） expensive gold coins in his backyard in a
chest" 可知故事是有关一个人将昂贵的金币放进宝箱中埋进了他家的后院里。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据原文中第二段第四句 "Let's put his gift in a treasure chest and bury it in the yard" 可知妈妈将礼物藏在了院子里。

故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据全文可知母亲得知Riley对于宝箱的向往后为其准备了一份生日礼物放在宝箱中，以完成他的心愿，即Riley在他的生日上收获一份惊喜。

故
选A。

标注阅读理解（话题）
故事类
记叙文
C
Okay to Eat?
At least 50% of U.S. adults have eaten food off the floor.
That's according to a 2017 Harris Poll. Many people use the five-
second rule. The rule says that fallen food is safe to eat if it has
been on the floor for less than five seconds. Can people really
use the five-second rule to save a dropped sandwich? Or should
they throw it and make a fresh one?
Donald Schaffner is a professor of food science. His study shows that the five-second rule should not always be used. In his 2016 report, he says it's not wise to eat dropped wet food. The wet food takes in bacteria （细菌）as soon as it falls. ''Bacteria don't have legs, they move with the moisture," Schaffner says. The wetter the food is, the more bacteria it soaks up （吸收）.
Anthony Hilton studied the five-second rule too. He is a professor of Life and Health Sciences. Hilton found that a dry food on the floor collects fewer bacteria than a wet food. Hilton also found that carpeted floors pass fewer bacteria than wood floors. Still, one should be careful. "Food that is on the floor is never completely risk-free to eat," he says. "But if you drop a dry food in your house, it's usually okay if you pick it up very quickly. Most clean homes don't have bad b acteria."
Should you eat food that was dropped on the kitchen counter? Dr. Steven Dowshen
is a doctor for children. He says that floors are not the only place that can make food unsafe to eat. "Kitchen counters can contain more harmful bacteria," Dowshen told TFK. This is because raw foods sometimes have bad bacteria called salmonella. These raw foods can be on kitchen counters. "If people eat food off a surface that has salmonella, they can get very sick," says Dowshen.
With the five-second rule, the type of food and the place where it falls matter. So perhaps use this rule instead: When in doubt, throw it out.
（1）What's Donald Schaffner's opinion about the five-second rule?
A.The five-second rule should always be used.
B.The drier the food is, the more bacteria it takes i n.
C.It's a good choice to eat the dropped wet food.
D.The minute the wet food falls, it soaks up b acteria.
（2）The underlined word "risk-free" probably means " ".
A.delicious
B. dangerous
C. safe
D. easy
（3）What can you infer from the passage?
A.People should not eat a dropped sandwich on any places.
B.People cannot eat food that is on the floor because of salmonella.
C.People need to consider the type of the dropped food before eating.
D.People should be careful about the food dropped on the kitchen counter. （4）What's the writer's purpose of writing the p assage?
A.To introduce the five-second rule to people.
B.To encourage people to use the five-second rule.
C.To show different people's opinions about the five-second rule.
D.To advise people to think twice before using the five-second rule.
答案（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）D
解析（1）细节题。

本题可使用排除法。

根据原文中 "His study shows that the five- second rule should not always be used" "The wetter the food is, the
more bacteria it soaks up" "he says it's not wise to eat dropped wet
food" 可排除ABC。

故选D。

（2）猜词题。

根据单词下文转折 "But if you drop a dry food in your house, it's usually okay if you pick it up very quickly" 如果干燥的食物掉到地上，如果能
够迅速地捡起来的话那么通常是可以吃的，即是安全的，可推测上文想表达不安
全，又前面有否定词never，那么单词的意思应是肯定的，也即安全的。

delicious美味的，dangerous危险的，safe安全的，easy轻松的。

故选C。

（3）推理判断题。

全文讲述了不同的食物掉在不同的地面上，捡起后是否可以继续食用及其安全度，可知干燥的食物更不容易吸收细菌，而对于掉落在厨房台面上的
食物也不可掉以轻心。

故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。

全文仅用寥寥数语介绍了五秒定理，以客观的态度分析了其科学性，并没有鼓励人们完全信任使用该定理，本文的主要作用是让人们警惕掉落在
地面上的食物的安全性，建议人们在应用五秒定理的时候要三思。

故选D。

标注中考话题
卫生与健康
说明文
D
Rik-rrork. That's the sound made by frogs singing at
night. You might have thought the noises were just the
musical sounds of nature. You probably didn't realize that
you were listening to frogs communicating with one another.
These familiar sounds are not random（随意的） but are
actually meaningful to frogs.
Being Heard but Not Seen
Frogs are good at being heard but not seen. These animals have several characters that protect them from predators （捕食者）. One is their size. Most frogs are small, which helps them hide easily. Many frogs have coloring that allows them to hide in their environment, making it difficult for predators to find them. In addition, most frogs are active at night. So it is difficult for most animals to see them in the dark.
Small but Loud
Frogs call to tell other frogs where they are. Their voices can be very loud. But when frogs feel the footsteps of a larger animal, they become silent.
Many of the world's frogs live in rain forests, where there are many different animals calling to their own species （物种） in their own ways. Frogs need to call loudly enough to be heard through the noise in order to find other frogs.
Singing with Purpose
Peter Narins is a scientist who studies how frogs call to one another. He has learned that frogs use their calls to help them tell friend from enemy. They sing the same notes at the same volume （音量） each time they call. In addition, Narins has found that frogs of the same species always sing the same patterns （模式）. These patterns are like a code that is different from other animals' calls and difficult for others to copy. Narins also observed that timing plays a role in frog calls. Many frogs call only at a certain time of night.
More Work to Do
Scientists want to better understand the purpose of frog calls. Studies continue to explore the details of frogs' unique communication. Being heard but not seen is one way frogs stay safe. The idea that they have found a way to survive in a dangerous world is simply amazing.
（1）Frogs are good at being heard but not seen because .
A.they can not jump high
B. they can hide easily
C. they are not active enough
D. they have bright colors
（2）Frogs need to call loudly to .
A.drive away other species
B. tell friend from enemy quickly
C. be heard by other frogs
D. feel the footsteps of a larger animal
（3）What can we learn from the passage?
A.Frogs always sing the same notes at different volumes.
B.Frogs stay safe in a dangerous world only by their calls.
C.Some frogs call accidentally at different times of night.
D.Some details of frogs' communication still leave unknown.
（4）Which is probably the best title of the passage?
A.Frog Songs
B. Life of Frogs
C. Frog Secrets
D. World of Frogs
答案（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
解析（1）细节题。

根据原文第二段第四句 "Most frogs are small, which helps them hide easily" 可知青蛙体型较小，易于躲藏，不易被捕食者发现。

故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据原文第四段最后一句 "Frogs need to call loudly enough to be heard through the noise in order to find other frogs" 可知青蛙需要大声叫
是为了使其声音穿过各种噪声而被其他青蛙听到。

故选C。

（3）推理判断题。

根据前文中 "They sing the same notes at the same volume"
"Being heard but not seen is one way frogs stay safe" "Many frogs call
only at a certain time of night" 可知ABC均不正确，又根据原文 "Studies
continue to explore the details of frogs' unique communication" 可知有
关青蛙独特的交流方式的细节还在进一步探索中。

故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。

全文围绕青蛙的叫声进行展开。

先说明为什么会叫，又进一步说明叫声大的原因及其各种规律特点，最后对于未来蛙声的研究做了进一步展望。

故
选A。

标注阅读理解（话题）
科普类
说明文
四、阅读表达（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
Sometimes the world may feel like an unhappy place. However, you can make a difference. If you make even a person smile today, you can help make this world a better place. Here is a list of ideas to help you.
Send a handwritten letter
In this age where everything is sent by email, it is a shock to receive
a letter through the post. Writing a few words on paper to a friend is an
easy way to make one smile. Even a postcard with a couple of sentences could really make someone's day—all for the price of a stamp！
Volunteer
Volunteering is one of the nicest things you can do. It requires （需要）some time and research to find the perfect project before
volunteering. Whether you volunteer at your local youth group or take
dogs from the shelters for a walk, the simple fact that you are giving up your time to help someone else is unbelievable. There are so many chances, so you are sure to find one that is right for you. And it doesn't necessarily have to take up all your time-it could be once a week or a couple of times a year.
Make something for a special person
Whether you're creative or not, taking time to make something for someone else shows how much you appreciate （感激） them. Even if
you think you are not creative, the receiver will feel lucky to get such a
special gift that you put your time into. Some ideas could include a card, painting, drawing, song, poem or cake!
Tell someone "I love you"
It can be anyone—a family member or a friend. You don't even have to say "I love you". Perhaps you can tell a friend that you
appreciate all they are to you, or remind your mum that you love her. Sometimes, in our busy lives, we forget to take a moment to tell people what they mean to us.
（1）Is writing a few words on paper an easy way to make a friend smile?
（2）What does it require to find the perfect project before volunteering?
（3）How will the receiver feel to get a special gift?
（4）What do we sometimes forget to do in our busy l ives?
（5）What is the passage mainly about?
答案
（1）Yes, writing a few words on paper to a friend is an easy way to make one smile.
（2）It requires some time and research to find the perfect project before volunteering.
（3）The receiver will feel lucky to get such a special gift that you put your time into.
（4）We forget to take a moment to tell people what they mean to us.
（5）It's mainly about how to make a person smile to help make this world a better place.
解析（1）细节题。

根据原文第二段第二句 "Writing a few words on paper to a friend is an easy way to make one smile" 可知手写信件可以让朋友开心，简单又有
心意。

（2）细节题。

根据原文第三段第二句 "It requires some time and research to find the perfect project before volunteering" 可知需要时间和调研。

（3）细节题。

根据原文第四段第二句 "the receiver will feel lucky to get such a special gift that you put your time into" 可知收到你付出时间的特殊礼物人
们会感到很幸运。

（4）细节题。

根据原文中第五段最后一句 "we forget to take a moment to tell people what they mean to us" 可知在忙碌的生活中我们有时会忘记告诉身边
的人他们于自己的意义如此重要。

（5）主旨大意题。

根据第一段 "If you make even a person smile today, you can help make this world a better place" 可知本文主要为如何带给人们多一些微
笑让这个世界变得更加美好而提出了几点建议。

标注中考话题
人际交往
议论文
五、书面表达（满分10分）
每学期学校都会组织丰富多彩的出游活动。

学校校刊以 "A School Trip to..." 为题征文，请你根据一次出游活动写一篇短文投稿。

请补全题目。

谈谈你去了哪里，做了什么以及学到了什么。

提示词语：visit, enjoy, memory, culture, meaningful
提示问题：
1.Where did you go on your school trip?
2.What did you do during the trip?
3.What do you learn from it?
A School Trip to
答案解析标注略
略
写作（话题）
假期安排记叙文。