吉林省长春市市第五中学高三英语期末试题含解析

吉林省长春市市第五中学高三英语期末试题含解析
一、选择题
1. Only when our country has aircraft carriers _______ our distant islands more effectively.
A. we can guard
B. can we guard
C. we guard
D. do we guard
参考答案：
B
略
2. The child was feeding a banana ________ the monkey.
A. on
B. with
C.
to D. for
参考答案：
C
3. On the way home, sky grew dark, and cold rain began to fall. A．the; 不填 B．不填; the C．the; a D．不填; a
参考答案：
C
34. When the woman saw that her son was OK after the car accident, she said _____, “Well, dear, you are the most important for me, not the expensive car. ”
A. in peace
B. in danger
C. in surprise
D. in relief
参考答案：
D
略
5. The rate of racial progress varies in different areas of the country, but in the past ten years _________ more improvement.
A. there is
B. it is
C. there have been
D. there has been
参考答案：
D
6. Some students are net surfing．which does great harm to their physical and mental health
A．addicted to B．related to C．addicting to D．relating to
参考答案：
A
7. The first person___in his paintings was Masaccio in 1428.
A.which was perspective.
B.to use perspective.
C. using perspective.
D.who is using perspective.
参考答案：
B
8. Not until they saw the frequent visits of sandstorms _________ the importance of planting trees.
A. they realized
B. did they realize
C. when they realized
D. have they realized
参考答案：
B
9. The big storm has done great to the city and more than30 lives .
A. damage ; claim
B. destroy ; saved
C. harm ; blamed
D. damage ; claimed
参考答案：
D
10. With all my attention _______ my homework, I didn’t even n otice my father standing by me.
A. to fix on
B. fixed on
C. fixing on
D. to be fixed on
参考答案：
B
11. —Did you have a good time in Thailand last week?
—________，it was too hot．
A．Not really B．Yeah，why not C．Oh, great D．You're right
参考答案：
A
12. Every classroom in this modem school is with a new. TV set on the wall and a computer on the teacher's desk.
A. equipped
B. decorated
C. fixed
D. placed
参考答案：
A
考查动词。

be equipped with配备有---，装有---。

在这所现代学校里。

每个教室都配备一台电视机和一台电脑。

故选A。

13. —Thank you for your coffee.
—But you________ it.
A. didn’t drink
B. aren’t drinking
C. don’t drink
D. ha dn’t drunk
参考答案：
A
14. —Why are you in such a hurry?
—Don't you remember that we ____ be home by 8p．m．to see our favorite TV show? A．can B．would C．must D．may
参考答案：
C
15. Using AI，many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just
a few years ago．
A. would have been
B. might have been
C. shouldn't have been
D. couldn't have been
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查情态动词表推测。

句意：很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验，这在几年前是不可能的。

根据“a few years ago”可知，此处表示“过去不可能”，应该用couldn’t have done，故D项正确。

16. You ________ be 18 years old before you are allowed to drive a car, and it’s also essential to get a driver’s license.
A. could
B. may
C. can
D. have to
参考答案：
D
解析：考查情态动词。

对“18岁可以开车”是一种客观要求，故用have to.注意情态动词must与have to的区别：must表示主观意愿，而have to则表示客观实在。

二、新的题型
17. I receive many unwanted short ______(信息) on my mobile phone.
参考答案：
messages
三、阅读理解
18. I’ve often wondered how exactly sleep, or lack of it, can have such an awful effect on our bodies and, guess what, how much we sleep switches good genes(基因) on and had genes off.
In the first half of 2013, the Sleep Research Centre at the University of Surrey found a direct
link between hours spent sleeping and genes. Every cell in our bodies carries genetic instructions in our DNA that act as a kind of operating handbook. However, each cell only “reads” the part of this handbook it needs at any given moment.
Can sleep affect how a gene reads instructions? It’s a question asked by Professor Derk-Jan Dijk at the University of Surrey. He set up an experiment and asked his volunteers to spend a week sleeping around seven and a half hours to eight hours a night and the next sleeping six and a half to seven hours.
Blood samples were taken each week to compare which genes in blood cells were being used during the long and short nights. The results were rather surprising. Several hundred genes changed in the amount they were being used, including some that are linked to heart disease, cancer, and Type 2 diabetes. Genes to do with cell repair and replacement were used much less.
Sleep restriction(six and a half to seven hours a night) changed 380genes. Of these, 220 genes were down regulated (their power was increased). Those affected included body-clock genes which are linked to diabetes(糖尿病). One of the most downgraded genes is that which has a role in controlling insulin(胰岛素) and is linked to diabetes and insomnia(失眠). The most upgraded gene is linked to heart disease.
So changing sleep by tiny amounts can upgrade or downgrade genes that can influence our health and the diseases we suffer from when we sleep too little.
The important message is that getting close to eight hours of sleep a night can make a dramatic difference to our health in just a few days through the way it looks after our genes.
28.What kind of relation is directly discussed in the passage?
A. Sleeping hours and changes of genes.
B. Sleeping hours and diseases.
C. Changes of genes and diseases.
D.Genes and health.
29.What can we learn about Professor Derk-Jan Kijk’s experiment?
A. The experiment was carried out to find the answer to how genes affect sleep.
B. The experiment took a period of more than two weeks to reach a conclusion.
C. His volunteers were divided into two groups with two different sleeping patterns.
D. Blood samples of the volunteers were checked afterwards to decide how many genes changed in sleeping.
30.Which of the following may be concluded from the passage?
A. The experiment was performed at the University of Surrey in early 2013.
B. Body-clock genes are associated with heart disease, cancer and Type 2 diabetes.
C. Sleep restrictions may contribute to disease like diabetes, insomnia, and heart disease.
D. 7.5－8 hours’ sleep pattern makes little difference compared with 6.5－7 hours’ sleep pattern.
31.Which of the following can be inferred from the findings of the sleep research?
A. When there is a sleep restriction, genes to do with cell repair and replacement function less.
B. In a sleep, several hundred genes change in the amount. The more changes, the worse results.
C. When genes are up regulated, they do good to health; when genes are down regulated , they do harm to health.
D. Eight hours of sleep a day can be beneficial to our health in that it looks after our genes.
参考答案：
ACCD
本文是一篇科普文章，介绍了睡眠时间对身体健康的影响。

28.A主旨大意题。

本文是要讲述的是睡眠时间与人体内基因在睡眠状态下产生变化之间的关系。

故选A正确。

29.C推理判断题。

实验主要目的是发现睡眠时间长短对人体基因变化的影响，而不是基因影响睡眠，故A不正确。

实验是分两组进行，志愿者进行两种睡眠时间的测试，故选C正确。

30.C推理判断题。

睡眠时间不足可能引起人体基因的变化，而这些人体基因变化是导致人体某些病症的产生，如糖尿病，失眠症，心脏病的产生等，故选C正确。

31.D推理判断题。

根据文章第七段的描述，8个小时的睡眠模式对人体是非常有益的，因为这样的睡眠时间能很好地照料决定人体健康方面的基因，因此D项正确。