2021-2022年高三英语一轮复习题组层级快练4Unit4Earthquakes新人教版必修(I)

2021年高三英语一轮复习题组层级快练4Unit4Earthquakes新人教版必
修(I)
阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

(xx·南京模拟)In 1880, fourteen­year­old Matthew Henson loved to hear sailors tell tales of their exciting lives at sea. The travel, the adventure, the danger, and the steady pay were all attracting young Henson. One day, he found a job as a cabin boy on a beautiful ship called the Katie Hinds. For the next five years, Henson sailed around the world. With the help of the ship’s captain and other members of the crew, Henson learned mathematics, navigation, history, geography, and many other subjects. By the time he left the Katie Hinds in 1885, Henson was well educated and had bee an excellent seaman.
Unable to find work anywhere else, Henson took a job in a hat shop in Washington, D. C. One day in 1887, a man came in to buy a hat. The man, Robert Peary, asked the owner if he knew anyone with experience at sea. Peary would soon travel to South America for the U. S. government. He needed experienced men to acpany him. The shop owner knew about his young employee’s skills and experience on ocean journeys, so he introduced Peary to Henson.
Using his map­reading and sailing skills, Henson proved himself to be a worthy and smart seaman. Peary soon made Henson his assistant(助理), and they became close friends. One day Peary told Henson about his real dream: to be the first
man to stand on “the top of the world” at the North Pole. He asked Henson to help him make his dream e true. Over the next five years, the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic. However, they were not able to reach the pole either time. The cold, wind, and ice were worse than either of them had ever imagined.
In 1908, Peary and Henson were ready to make their final attempt at reaching the North Pole. Both men were over forty years old. The years of hardship in the arctic cold had made them suffer a lot. This would be their last chance. With four Inuit(因纽特)guides, they made a mad rush straight across the ice toward the pole. Peary’s feet were injured and he had to be pulled on a dogsled. In April 1909, Henson’s instruments showed they were standing at the North Pole. Together Henson and Peary planted the American flag in the snow.
In later years, Robert Peary and Henson were greatly honored for their achievements. Today, the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes’ graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.
1. In Paragraph 1, the author shows how Henson became ________．
A. a wonderful seaman
B. an educated captain
C. a good shop assistant
D. a successful learner
2. Paragraph 2 mainly tells us ________．
A. why Matthew Henson went to the hat shop
B. how Matthew Henson met Robert Peary
C. why Matthew Henson stopped working on the Katie Hinds
D. how Robert Peary knew Matthew Henson had sea experience
3. The following statements are true EXCEPT ________．
A. Henson proved himself a better seaman than Peary
B. Peary wanted Henson to help him realize his dream
C. Before their final attempt, they made two trips together
D. After they died, they were highly respected by people
4. The story between Henson and Peary could best be pared to ________．
A. treasure hunters looking for fortunes
B. sailors seeking power over others
C. soldiers fighting for their freedom
D. fighters exploring an unknown land
答案与解析
【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，介绍了亨森成为一名优秀水手的历程，及其北极探险旅行所经历的艰辛。

1. 答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据第一段最后两句 ... Henson learned mathematics，navigation，history，geography，and many other subjects...had bee an excellent seaman.可知，第一段主要讲述了亨森是如何成为了一名优秀水手的。

2. 答案 B
解析主旨大意题。

第二段是对下文的铺垫。

根据第二段最后一句可知，是老板把他介绍给了罗伯特·皮尔里，即第二段主要讲述了马修·享森是如何认识罗伯特·皮尔里的。

3. 答案 A
解析推理判断题。

根据第三段中He asked Henson to help him make his dream e true.可知，他请求Henson帮助他实现他的梦，排除B项；the two explorers made two trips together to the Arctic. 这两个探险家两次一起去北极旅行，排除C项；根据最后一段最后一句Today, the two friends and fellow explorers lie in heroes’ graves not far apart in the Arlington National Cemetery.可知，他们死后，他们受到人们的高度尊敬，排除D项。

A项与文章意思不对，是错误的。

4. 答案 D
解析推理判断题。

由文章可知，在他们去北极的过程中，两个人共同奋斗，历尽艰辛，为了目标而努力。

故可将两人比作“为了探索未知世界而奋斗的人”。

Wele to Arundel Castle which is situated in West Sussex, England. The castle has a history of nearly 1，000 years and has weled visitors travelling from all over the world. Arundel Castle also plays a starring role in many films.
The Gardens
The White Garden is planted with soft white Iceberg Roses, and Snow White Lilies.
The Rose Garden is newly planted with lovely old－fashioned English roses that
are at their very best in June and July.
The Organic Kitchen Garden produces a wide range of seasonal fruit and vegetables, pears, cherries and apples.
The Castle Shop
In the Castle Shop, you will discover a wide and interesting range of gift ideas for everyone. It offers gifts and souvenirs designed to appeal to all tastes and pockets. Foods, china, books, and stationery(文具)are all available. Many are sold in this Castle Shop only.
At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products.
The Arundel Festival xx
Saturday 16th to Monday 25th August
The annual Arundel Festival gets bigger and better every year. It is one of the most amazing, diverse and easily accessible arts festivals in the UK, offering a mix of visual arts, music, theatre and street entertainment.
Parking
Coaches and mini－buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance. Please inform us when making your booking of how many parking permits are required.
5. When visiting the castle, you can ________.
A. get old－fashioned English roses as gifts
B. buy eco－friendly products in the Castle Shop
C. get seasonal fruit and vegetables for free
D. see how the local gifts are being made
6. How long does the Arundel Festival last this year?
A. 10 days.
B. One week.
C. 16 days.
D. One month.
7. Where can you park the coach?
A. In Mill Road.
B. Inside the Castle.
C. In the main town car park.
D. At the main Castle entrance.
答案与解析
【文章大意】文章是介绍阿伦德尔城堡的广告，讲了城堡里面吸引人之处，包括
里面的设施、开放时间和停车的注意事项。

5. 答案 B
解析细节理解题。

从文章The Castle Shop部分中的句子At Arundel Castle we pride ourselves on supporting local suppliers and actively encourage environmentally friendly products.可知参观城堡的时候，你可以在城堡的商店里面买环保的产品。

选B 项。

6. 答案 A
解析细节理解题。

从文章The Arundel Festival xx部分中的“Saturday 16th to Monday 25th August”可知今年的the Arundel Festival会持续10天，选A项。

7. 答案 C
解析细节理解题。

从文章最后一段的句子Coaches and mini－buses can drop off at the main Castle entrance in Mill Road and park in the main town car park that is opposite the Castle entrance.可知你可以将车停在主要的镇停车场。

选C项。

(xx·山西四校联考)Taking a shower is relaxing. You can hum a song, daydream or think about nothing, leaving the real world behind you. But did you know that showering can also benefit your mind?
A research by Scott Barry Kaufman, a psychologist from Yale University in the US interviewed over 3，000 people around the world. It turned out that nearly two ­thirds of the interviewees said they had experienced new ideas in the shower and were more likely to have them in the shower than at work.
So why does a simple shower have such magic power? Science can explain it.
Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine, a hormone(荷尔蒙)closely related to our creativity. “People vary in terms of their level of creativity according to the activity of dopamine”， explained Alice Flaherty, a famous American neuroscientist. “Taking a warm shower can make us feel relaxed and therefore make the dopamine level rise and bring ‘Aha！’moment to us.”
Besides the chemical changes, showering may give you a break from what you feel you have been stuck with. Especially when you have thought hard all day about a problem, jumping into the shower can keep you from the outside world so that you can focus on your inner feelings and memories. In this way, according to American psychologist Shelley H. Carson, author of Your Creative Brain, “a showering hour may turn into an ‘incubation(孵化)period’for your ideas.”
pared with sitting in front of a puter, taking a shower is something we do less
frequently in our daily life. When showering, we get a fresh experience with the change of location, temperature and humidity. “New and unexpected experiences can lead to positive changes in thinking，” explained Kaufman. “Getting off the couch and jumping in the shower may create a distance and force you to think from a new point of view.”
Showering allows us to enjoy the creative juices of our minds, but it needn’t just be the bathroom where you get your inspiration. For instance, Gertrude Stein, a female American writer and poet, got new ideas by driving around a farm and stopping at different cows until she found the one that most inspired her. So try to create your own way to free your mind, whether it’s a walk near the ocean, a country drive or reading a book at home.
8. According to the article, what changes can showering cause?
A. Bringing the terrible moment to us.
B. Increasing the level of dopamine.
C. Leading to boredom or tiredness.
D. Setting the creative part of the brain free.
9. If one has focused on something all day, showering can help ________.
A. turn one’s attention inwards
B. draw one’s attention to the outside world
C. one make an important breakthrough
D. many chemical changes to take place
10. It can be inferred from the article that ________.
A. changes in the frequency of an action can create a new perspective
B. it is a good idea to talk with others about their sources of inspiration
C. our lives might feel longer and fuller if we frequently try new things
D. it is helpful to try something different rather than stay focused on a difficult task
11. The example of Gertrude Stein in the last paragraph is used to ________.
A. encourage readers to find their own ways of getting inspiration
B. point out to readers that it’s hard to find inspiration
C. explain how to link inspiration with readers’ daily lives
D. show that creativity often es from strange places
答案与解析
【文章大意】一项科学实验证实了洗澡对人们身心有益，尤其是激发大脑的创造力。

8. 答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段第一句话 Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine ...可以判断出B项为正确答案。

9. 答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据第五段 Especially when you have thought hard all day about a problem, jumping into the shower can keep you from the outside world so that you can focus on your inner feelings and memories可以判断出A项为正确答案。

10. 答案 D
解析判断推理题。

根据第六段内容可以判断出D项为正确答案。

11. 答案 A
解析目的意图题。

根据文章最后一段最后一句话“So try to create your own way to free your mind”可以判断出A项为正确答案。