语法 名词性从句(高三复习)
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④如果动词（find ,feel, make, think, consider, believe, suppose,等）宾语从句后 还有宾语补足语时，为保持句子结构平衡， 避免句式结构的混乱，则用 it 作形式宾语， 而将真正的that宾语从句后置。
但我们常会碰到it用作形式宾语时之后没有形 容词或名词作宾语补足语的情况，这一点在近 几年高考试题中经常涉及，需引起大家的注意
用if 或whether 填空
（是否）
1. I don’t know _w_h_e_t_h_er_/_if_ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t knoww_h_e_t_he_ror not I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is _w_h_e_th_erthis book is worth writing.
3. It remains a secret _h__o_w__ they climbed up the
mountain.
主语太长了!放到句尾
注意：主语从句一般位于句首，但有时也 可置于形式主语 it 引导的句子中，位于 谓语动词之后。连词 that 不可省，在从 句中不充当成分，只起连接作用.
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 It is a fact that … 事实是…
①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译 为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的 愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将 来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用 “would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现 的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”
②在表示建议、愿望、要求，命令等的动 词suggest、advise、propose、demand、 require、insist request、command、 order等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动 词用(should) + 动词原形或是动词原形。
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
It is no wonder that… =No wonder that… 难怪…
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural /strange/important/obvious that…
He didn’t say whether or not he would be staying here . 4.后面跟不定式时，一般只用 whether 。
He doesn’t know whether to go to Beijing (or not) . 5.引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句时
1. 在动词 discuss 之后。
We discussed whether we should close the store . 2. 介词之后。
Just now they talked about whether they would help us . 3. 后面紧跟 or not 时，一般只用 whether 。
宾语从句
3. The truth is that I have been there.
表语从句
4. The fact that she was late surprised us.
同位语从句
在名词性从句中 一律用陈述句的 语序，即使从句 表达的是疑问含 义。
引导名词性从句的关联词
连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever
8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. It depends on whether the weather is …...
9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. The question is whether he himself will be present …...
很自然/奇怪的/很重要的是/很明显的是…
It is likely that…=sb./sth. is likely to do 很有可能
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 It happened that…碰巧…
It seems/appears that…
似乎…
It occurs to me that…
• I suggested he __(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_g_o___(go) to the party last night.
宾语从句通常位于动词,介词之后。（连词 that在从句中不充当成分，可省略,但 and 或 but 连接两个由 that 引导的宾从时，第一个 that 可省略，第二个 that 不可省。 ）
作主语
或宾语
或表语
③what从句相当于 “先行词+引导的定 语从句”。
(p90页)
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
7. If we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet. Whether we will have a meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
whether who which when
whom whose where why how
1. _T__h_a_t__ he knows Japanese is known to all.
他懂英语,这一点大家都知道 That无词义无成分,不可省略
2. _W__h_a_t_surprised me was to see him here .
连接副词 how (ever), why, where, when (ever), wherever
连接词 that, whether, if, because, as if /as though（不充当 从句的任何成分）
一、主语从句 subject clause
位于句首
从句
引导词:
that what
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 名词性从句
在复合句中起名词作用的整个从句叫做……。
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句 同位语从句
主语从句在句中做------ 主语 宾语从句在句中做------ 宾语
表语从句在句中做------ 表语 同位语从句在句中-----同位语
1. That he will come is certain.
主语从句
2. I know that he will come.
7._I_f yo(u如a果re) not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you.
He has made _i_t____clear _th_a_t_he will not give in . They found __it__ pleasant _t_h_a_t_they worked with us Chinese. The headmaster has made __i_t__ clear _t_h_a_t__ the school meeting will not be put off.
What “什么”, “所….的样子/内容” 令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他. 在从句中充当主语，宾语，或表语
3. _W__h_e_n___ he will co突me破is名un词kno性wn从. 句的关键：
他什么时候来不清楚.
“缺W什h么en “补什么什时么候””原
4. _W__则_h_e_t_h_e_r_ he is coming doesn’t matter much.
4. It depends on w__h_et_h_e_r we will have enough money.
5. _W__h_et_h_e_r they can do it matters little to us.
6.The manager asked me the question _w__he_t_h_e_r_ I would like to be his secretary.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
(答案为: C) 我喜欢秋天晴朗的天气。
We’ll see to _i_t__ __th_a_t__she gets home early . I hate\dislike __i_t____when someone smokes in the office. I’ll appreciate ___i_t___ if you come to our party.
我突然想到…
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is reported/said that…
据报道…,/据说…
=Sb. / Sth. is reported/said to do/be doing/have done
(5)It doesn’t matter/makes no difference wh-没关系/影响。
二、宾语从句 Object Clause
• We do not agree (that)the computer helps us a lot. • They said (that) they were strangers and_t_h_a_t
they lost their way.
• I wish I _h_a_d__g_o_n_e__ (go) to the party last night.
1. I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET 2008)
A. it B. that C. these D. them
(答案为: A) 我讨厌人们一边吃饭一边说话。
2. I like _____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (全国卷 2004)
10. He asked me if I could go with him or not. He asked me whether I could go with him or not.
掌握： whether和if的区别：
引导宾语从句时whether, if一般可通用。但在下列 情况下一般只用 whether 。
A. if B. that C. whether D. how 区别下列句子： 1.It’s reported _th_a_t_many people died of SARS.
2._A__s__ is reported , many people died of SARS.
3._W__h_a_t_ is reported is _th__a_t _ many people died of SARS.
I understand _w_h_a_t___(all t_h_a_t___ )you said.
I can’t believe _w_h_a_t___ is reported.
what在
A car passed me at _w_h__a_t _I thought was 从句中
a dangerous speed.
他来不来没什么要紧的
主语从句只用whether不用 if
5. __W__h_o_e_v_e_r__breaks the rule will be punished.
1. It was quite clear _t_h_a_t_ his uncle was fond of music.
2. It is important that we _(s_h_o_u_l_d_)_s_t_u_d_y(study) hard.
It is obvious that he is the best student in class. T_h__a_t _h_e_i_s_t_h_e_b_e_s_t_s_t_u_d_e_n_t_i_n_c_l_a_ss___is obvious. It is uncertain __the experiment is worth doing.
但我们常会碰到it用作形式宾语时之后没有形 容词或名词作宾语补足语的情况，这一点在近 几年高考试题中经常涉及，需引起大家的注意
用if 或whether 填空
（是否）
1. I don’t know _w_h_e_t_h_er_/_if_ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t knoww_h_e_t_he_ror not I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is _w_h_e_th_erthis book is worth writing.
3. It remains a secret _h__o_w__ they climbed up the
mountain.
主语太长了!放到句尾
注意：主语从句一般位于句首，但有时也 可置于形式主语 it 引导的句子中，位于 谓语动词之后。连词 that 不可省，在从 句中不充当成分，只起连接作用.
(1) It is ＋ 名词 ＋ 从句 It is a fact that … 事实是…
①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译 为“要是……就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的 愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将 来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用 “would/could + 动词原形”；表示过去不能实现 的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”
②在表示建议、愿望、要求，命令等的动 词suggest、advise、propose、demand、 require、insist request、command、 order等动词后的宾语从句中，从句谓语动 词用(should) + 动词原形或是动词原形。
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
It is no wonder that… =No wonder that… 难怪…
(2) It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ 从句
It is natural /strange/important/obvious that…
He didn’t say whether or not he would be staying here . 4.后面跟不定式时，一般只用 whether 。
He doesn’t know whether to go to Beijing (or not) . 5.引导主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句时
1. 在动词 discuss 之后。
We discussed whether we should close the store . 2. 介词之后。
Just now they talked about whether they would help us . 3. 后面紧跟 or not 时，一般只用 whether 。
宾语从句
3. The truth is that I have been there.
表语从句
4. The fact that she was late surprised us.
同位语从句
在名词性从句中 一律用陈述句的 语序，即使从句 表达的是疑问含 义。
引导名词性从句的关联词
连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what, whatever
8. It depends on if the weather is suitable for us to do it. It depends on whether the weather is …...
9. The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting. The question is whether he himself will be present …...
很自然/奇怪的/很重要的是/很明显的是…
It is likely that…=sb./sth. is likely to do 很有可能
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词 ＋ 从句 It happened that…碰巧…
It seems/appears that…
似乎…
It occurs to me that…
• I suggested he __(_s_h_o_u_l_d_)_g_o___(go) to the party last night.
宾语从句通常位于动词,介词之后。（连词 that在从句中不充当成分，可省略,但 and 或 but 连接两个由 that 引导的宾从时，第一个 that 可省略，第二个 that 不可省。 ）
作主语
或宾语
或表语
③what从句相当于 “先行词+引导的定 语从句”。
(p90页)
找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：
7. If we will have a meeting hasn't been decided yet. Whether we will have a meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
whether who which when
whom whose where why how
1. _T__h_a_t__ he knows Japanese is known to all.
他懂英语,这一点大家都知道 That无词义无成分,不可省略
2. _W__h_a_t_surprised me was to see him here .
连接副词 how (ever), why, where, when (ever), wherever
连接词 that, whether, if, because, as if /as though（不充当 从句的任何成分）
一、主语从句 subject clause
位于句首
从句
引导词:
that what
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ 名词性从句
在复合句中起名词作用的整个从句叫做……。
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句 同位语从句
主语从句在句中做------ 主语 宾语从句在句中做------ 宾语
表语从句在句中做------ 表语 同位语从句在句中-----同位语
1. That he will come is certain.
主语从句
2. I know that he will come.
7._I_f yo(u如a果re) not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you.
He has made _i_t____clear _th_a_t_he will not give in . They found __it__ pleasant _t_h_a_t_they worked with us Chinese. The headmaster has made __i_t__ clear _t_h_a_t__ the school meeting will not be put off.
What “什么”, “所….的样子/内容” 令我惊讶的是在这儿见到他. 在从句中充当主语，宾语，或表语
3. _W__h_e_n___ he will co突me破is名un词kno性wn从. 句的关键：
他什么时候来不清楚.
“缺W什h么en “补什么什时么候””原
4. _W__则_h_e_t_h_e_r_ he is coming doesn’t matter much.
4. It depends on w__h_et_h_e_r we will have enough money.
5. _W__h_et_h_e_r they can do it matters little to us.
6.The manager asked me the question _w__he_t_h_e_r_ I would like to be his secretary.
A. this B. that C. it D. one
(答案为: C) 我喜欢秋天晴朗的天气。
We’ll see to _i_t__ __th_a_t__she gets home early . I hate\dislike __i_t____when someone smokes in the office. I’ll appreciate ___i_t___ if you come to our party.
我突然想到…
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词 ＋ 从句
It is reported/said that…
据报道…,/据说…
=Sb. / Sth. is reported/said to do/be doing/have done
(5)It doesn’t matter/makes no difference wh-没关系/影响。
二、宾语从句 Object Clause
• We do not agree (that)the computer helps us a lot. • They said (that) they were strangers and_t_h_a_t
they lost their way.
• I wish I _h_a_d__g_o_n_e__ (go) to the party last night.
1. I hate_____ when people talk with their mouths full. (NMET 2008)
A. it B. that C. these D. them
(答案为: A) 我讨厌人们一边吃饭一边说话。
2. I like _____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. (全国卷 2004)
10. He asked me if I could go with him or not. He asked me whether I could go with him or not.
掌握： whether和if的区别：
引导宾语从句时whether, if一般可通用。但在下列 情况下一般只用 whether 。
A. if B. that C. whether D. how 区别下列句子： 1.It’s reported _th_a_t_many people died of SARS.
2._A__s__ is reported , many people died of SARS.
3._W__h_a_t_ is reported is _th__a_t _ many people died of SARS.
I understand _w_h_a_t___(all t_h_a_t___ )you said.
I can’t believe _w_h_a_t___ is reported.
what在
A car passed me at _w_h__a_t _I thought was 从句中
a dangerous speed.
他来不来没什么要紧的
主语从句只用whether不用 if
5. __W__h_o_e_v_e_r__breaks the rule will be punished.
1. It was quite clear _t_h_a_t_ his uncle was fond of music.
2. It is important that we _(s_h_o_u_l_d_)_s_t_u_d_y(study) hard.
It is obvious that he is the best student in class. T_h__a_t _h_e_i_s_t_h_e_b_e_s_t_s_t_u_d_e_n_t_i_n_c_l_a_ss___is obvious. It is uncertain __the experiment is worth doing.