驱油聚合物论文：驱油聚合物粘度稳定剂降解高分子表面活性剂

驱油聚合物论文：驱油聚合物粘度稳定剂降解高分子表面活性剂
【中文摘要】目前,由于在三次采油中聚合物驱技术的油藏温度高以及矿化度高等特点,驱油剂要达到理想的效果,必须具有很好的
增粘能力和很强的耐温、抗盐及抗剪切能力。

而在这一技术中,驱油聚合物溶液的粘度及长期稳定性是衡量聚合物驱油效果的重要指标
之一,也是影响聚合物驱油效率的关键因素。

本论文模拟研究驱油聚合物在不同油藏条件下的降解规律的影响因素,通过化学方法来研究驱油聚合物在海上三次采油过程中的热降解、化学降解和剪切降解规律,为改善驱油聚合物在不同油藏条件下的溶液性能提供理论依据,
从而达到粘度改善的效果和稳定性。

本论文的工作是基于上述以及发展趋势展开的,主要研究具有驱油聚合物的评价、粘度改善剂的合成、表征以及其实际应用性能等。

主要工作和实验结果分为以下几方面：(1)结合目标油田的实际油藏状况,在实验室条件下模拟聚合物溶液
的配注,研究在不同油藏下的热降解、化学降解、剪切降解对驱油聚合物(SNF和AP-P4)溶液粘度和稳定性的影响,并通过测试水解度、降解过程中的结构变化、热分析、降解前后的粘度变化和分子量变化、聚集体的流体力学半径等化学分析手段进行了表征。

结果表明,三种降解方式都对驱油聚合物(SNF和AP-P4)体系起到了降粘作用,剪切
降解的降粘作用最快。

红外和热重分析表明在降解过程中驱油聚合物AP-P4和SNF的结构基本不发生变化。

(2)合成了甘脲和四羟甲基甘
脲两种物质,该类物质可以作为粘度稳定剂,并通过HNMR、粘度、动态光散射和粘弹性等方法进了表征。

甘脲和四羟甲基甘脲可以作为驱油聚合物AP-P4的粘度稳定剂,结果显示可以明显提高体系的粘度,
其中甘脲的增粘效果要好于四羟甲基甘脲；甘脲也可以作为驱油聚合物SNF的粘度稳定剂,结果显示可以较好地提高体系的粘度。

(3)采用阳离子开环聚合法合成了一种新型的高分子表面活性剂(PQ),并使用三氟化硼乙醚作为阳离子开环的催化剂,高分子表面活性剂PQ的化
学结构、表面活性和聚集性质通过核磁共振、静态光散射、动态光散射、表面张力、电导率和荧光测量等手段来表征。

另外,该新型表面活剂可以作为粘度稳定剂,可与驱油聚合物(SNF)进行复配,稳定性结果表明,混合体系可以大大提高耐盐性和热稳定性,并具有较高的实
际应用价值。

【英文摘要】At present, most of the oil layers are of high temperature and high salinity in EOR. In view of this, polymers used in oil field must have effective thickening properties, temperature tolerance, brine tolerance and resistance to shear force in order to achieve the ideal effect. In polymer flooding technology, the viscosity and long-term stability of polymer fluids are not only one of important index but also the key factor of polymer flooding effectiveness. A lot of literature research and practice tests show that the viscosity of polymer fluids has a direct impact on performance of polymer flooding
agent solution.In the laboratory condition, we simulated the influencing factor in the different oil reservoir to study the degradation rules of flooding polymers. By chemical methods we studied the rules of thermal degradation, chemical degradation and shear degradation, in order to provide the theory basis for the improving the solution properties of flooding polymers under different oil deposit condition and achieve the improvement of viscosity and stability. Based on the above considerations, the purpose of this dissertation is focused on evaluation of flooding polymers, synthesis and characterization of viscosity stabilizer and their practical applications. The main work and experimental results are as follows:(1) Combined with the actual reservoir conditions of target oilfield, in the laboratory condition, the effects on viscosity and stabilization for flooding polymer (SNF and AP-P4) were studied under thermal degradation, chemical degradation, shear degradation in the different oil deposit, and were characterized by measuring the chemical structure, hydrolysis degree, thermal analysis, viscosity changes and molecular weight change, dynamic light scattering and so on. It is found that these three kinds of degradation methods can all decrease the viscosity of flooding polymers (SNF and AP-P4), in which
shear degradation is most obvious for the reduction of viscosity. The results from IR and TGA show that the chemical structures for SNF and AP-P4 don’t basically change during the degradation. (2) Glycoluril and tetramethylol acetylenediurea were synthesized and can be used as viscosity stabilizer. The chemical structure and stability of glycoluril and tetramethylol acetylenediurea were studied by 1HNMR, dynamic laser light scattering, viscosity and viscoelasticity and so on. Glycoluril and tetramethylol acetylenediurea can be used as viscosity stabilizers for AP-P4. The results showed that glycoluril and tetramethylol acetylenediurea can obviously increase the viscosity of the system for AP-P4, in which glycoluril is better than tetramethylol acetylenediurea. Glycoluril can be used as viscosity stabilizer for SNF and can better increase the viscosity of the system for SNF.(3) The polymeric surfactant with quaternary ammonium salt (PQ) was synthesized by cationic ring open polymerization using boron trifluoride diethyletherate as cationic catalyst. The chemical structure and aggregation behavior of polymeric surfactant PQ were studied by 1HNMR, surface tension, static light scattering, dynamic laser light scattering, electrical conductivity and fluorescence measurement. In addition, PQ can be used as
viscosity stabilizer, and the viscosity stability results from
between flooding polymer (SNF) and PQ also suggest that the
mixed system can greatly improve salt resistance and thermal
stability and has the high practical application performance.
【关键词】驱油聚合物粘度稳定剂降解高分子表面活性剂
【采买全文】1.3.9.9.38.8.4.8 1.3.8.1.13.7.2.1 同时提供论文写作一对一辅导和论文发表服务.保过包发.
【说明】本文仅为中国学术文献总库合作提供，无涉版权。

作者如有异议请与总库或学校联系。

【英文关键词】flooding polymer viscosity stabilizer degradation polymeric surfactant
【目录】驱油聚合物的降解与稳定性研究摘要
7-9ABSTRACT9-10第一章绪论11-36 1.1 聚合物驱技术
的应用11-12 1.1.1 驱替液的性能要求11-12 1.1.2 影响驱替
液性能的主要因素12 1.2 驱油聚合物12-17 1.2.1 驱油聚合
物的设计要求及发展现状12-13 1.2.2 驱油聚合物的类型
13-17 1.3 驱油聚合物溶液粘度的影响因素与降解机理的研究
17-25 1.3.1 聚合物溶液粘度的影响因素18-22 1.3.2 驱油聚
合物降解机理研究22-25 1.4 改善驱油聚合物溶液稳定性的研究
25-27 1.4.1 化学添加剂25-26 1.4.2 分子复合型粘度稳定剂
26-27 1.5 论文的提出及研究内容27-29参考文献29-36
第二章驱油聚合物AP-P4降解规律研究36-55 2.1 引言
36 2.2 实验部分36-40 2.2.1 实验药品36 2.2.2 实验方
法36-40 2.3 结果与讨论40-52 2.3.1 热降解40-46 2.3.2 化学降解46-50 2.3.3 剪切降解50-52 2.4 本章小结
52-53参考文献53-55第三章驱油聚合物SNF降解规律研究55-69 3.1 引言55 3.2 实验部分55-58 3.2.1 实验药品
55 3.2.2 实验方法55-58 3.3 结果与讨论58-67 3.3.1 热降解58-63 3.3.2 化学降解63-65 3.3.3 剪切降解
65-67 3.4 本章小结67-68参考文献68-69第四章甘脲及其衍生物的合成与粘度改善研究69-81 4.1 引言69 4.2 实验部分69-71 4.2.1 实验药品69 4.2.2 甘脲的合成
69-70 4.2.3 四羟甲基甘脲的合成70 4.2.4 混合体系AP-P4与甘脲和四羟甲基甘脲的配制70 4.2.5 混合体系SNF与甘脲的配制70-71 4.2.6 表征方法71 4.3 结果与讨论71-79 4.3.1 甘脲的~1HNMR72 4.3.2 四羟甲基甘脲的~1HNMR72-73 4.3.3 混合体系AP-P4与甘脲和四羟甲基甘脲73-77 4.3.4 混合体系SNF与甘脲77-79 4.4 本章小结79-80参考文献80-81第五章含有季铵盐的高分子表面活性剂的合成、性能和应用
81-101 5.1 引言81 5.2 实验内容81-85 5.2.1 实验药品81-82 5.2.2 N,N-二甲基十六烷基-1,2-环氧己基溴化铵的制备82 5.2.3 高分子表面活性剂的合成82-83 5.2.4 高分子表面活性剂(PQ)与部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)的稳定性评价83 5.2.5 表征方法83-85 5.3 结果与讨论85-94 5.3.1 结构表征
85-87 5.3.2 表面张力87-88 5.3.3 动态光散射
88-89 5.3.4 荧光测定89-90 5.3.5 电导测定90-92 5.3.6 HPAM和PQ混合体系稳定性的影响92-94 5.4 本章小结94-95
参考文献95-101第六章全文总结101-103致谢103-104
攻读硕士学位期间发表的学术论文104-105学位论文评阅及答辩情况表105。