高考英语 Unit 4 Astronomythe science of

闪堕市安歇阳光实验学校Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
话题词汇
1．universe n．宇宙
2．space n．太空
3．spaceship/spacecraft n．宇宙飞船
4．astronaut n．宇航员
5．orbit n．轨道
6．star n．恒星
7．have a great effect on对……有很大影响
8．make a great difference起很大作用；产生很大影响
9．change one’s life改变某人的生活
10．benefit from得益于，从……获益
话题佳作
随着科技的发展，人类对外层空间的探索越来越深入。

你们班据此展开了一次讨论，请根据表格中的内容写一篇讨论稿，并谈谈你的观点和想法。

支持(多数学生)
1.探索太空是中国人一直以来的梦想；
2.有助于未来中国参与国际竞争。

反对(部分学生)
1.探索太空需要大量的金钱，增加国家的负担；
2.中国是一个发展中国家，应努力解决其他社会问题。

你的观点和感想……
佳作欣赏
A survey about the exploration of outer space is conducted in our class.Different students have different opinions.
The majority are in favor of space exploration because the Chinese people have been dreaming of going into outer space for a long time.It will help China to take part in the international competition in the future.However，some students argue against it.In their opinion，space exploration increases the economic burden.In addition，as a developing country，China should try to solve other social problems.
Personally，i t’s necessary to explore space.As a student，I will study hard so that I can make a great contribution to our country.名师点睛
本文结构清晰：第一段引出话题；第二段说明不同学生对太空探索两种截然不同的观点；第三段：总结自己的观点。

特色如下：
巧用被动语态引出话题；运用现在完成进行时表达中国人民一直以来的梦想；运用含有目的状语从句的复合句总结自己的观点。

写作过程中使用过渡和衔接词汇，如however，in their opinion，in addition，personally等，确保行文连贯，过渡自然。

A．写作必记单词
1．theory n．学说；理论
in theory在理论上
2．unlike prep.与……不同；不像
It is unlike sb.to do sth.做某事不符合某人的特点
3．harmful adj.有害的
(1)harm n．& vt.伤害，损害
(2)be harmful to对……有害
do sb.harm (＝do harm to sb.)伤害某人；对某人有害
There is no harm in doing...做……没有害处。

(3)If we know that gossip can be harmful(harm)，then why do so many of us do it？(2016·浙江)
4．exist vi.生存；存在
(1)existence n．生存；存在
(2)come into existence产生；成立；开始存在
(3)There exists a good way to solve the existing(exist) problem in geography.
(4)It can be quite an eye opener to see the range of classical apples still in existence(存在)．(2016·全国Ⅲ)
(5)It exists in(存在于) milk in great amount.(2016·四川)
5．puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难；n.谜；难题
(1)His last paintings are perhaps the most puzzling，which even puzzle all the artists.(puzzle)
(2)He had a puzzled(puzzle) look on his face.
(3)The firemen were in a puzzle about the cause of the fire.(同义句转换)
→The firemen were puzzled about the cause of the fire.
6．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的7．pull n．& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力
pull up停车；停止
pull on穿上
pull down推倒；拆掉
pull in进站；停靠
pull through康复
pull over停靠在路边
B．阅读识记单词
8．astronomy n．天文学
9．system n．系统；体系；制度
10．religion n．；
religious adj.的
11．billion n．& pron.& adj.万亿；十亿
12．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球
global adj.全球性的，全世界的
用法点拨
globe作“地球，世界”解时习惯与不定冠词连用。

all over the globe全世界
13．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的
violence n．暴力
14．atmosphere n．大气层；气氛
用法点拨
表示“大气”、“大气层”或“空气”时是不可数名词，它习惯与定冠词连用。

15．fundamental adj .基本的；基础的
16．chain n．链子；连锁；锁链
17．multiply vi.& vt.乘；增加
(1)Five multiplied(multiply) by eight is forty.
(2)If you multiply 7 by 15，you will get 105.(填介词)
18．gravity n．万有引力；重力
19．satellite n．卫星；人造卫星
20．physicist n．物理学家
physics n．物理学
physical adj.身体的；物理的
21．extinct adj.灭绝的；绝种的
extinction n．灭绝
22．climate n．气候
用法点拨
climate与weather，都可指天气，但前者指一个地方长期的较为固定的气候状态，包括阴晴、干湿、风雨等情况在内，可用不定冠词修饰；而后者指某特定日子的天气情况，不可用不定冠词修饰。

23．crash vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落
24．float vt.& vi.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮；(n.)漂浮物
25．exhaust vt.用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽
(1)exhausted adj.感到筋疲力尽的exhausting adj.令人疲劳的
(2)We were exhausted after the journey.(同义句转换)
→We exhausted ourselves after the journey.
用法点拨
exhaust是及物动词，其意不是“筋疲力尽”而是“使筋疲力尽”，表示某人自己筋疲力尽时，通常要带反身代词作宾语，或用被动形式(实为系表结构)。

1．in time及时；终于；合拍子
on time准时；按时
in no time立即，马上
at no time决不
at a time一次
at one time曾经；一度
2．give birth to产生；分娩
Sheila described the adventure of giving birth to Perri in a tiny town in Trinidad where her husband was doing research fieldwork.
希拉描述了在特立尼达的一个小镇生育佩里时的冒险经历，当时她的丈夫在该小镇做野外调查。

3．in one’s turn轮到某人
in turn依次；反过来；结果
by turns轮流
take turns to do/(at/in) doing...轮流做……
4．prevent...from阻止；制止
The laws protect everyone here from being attacked (attack)．
用法点拨
(1)同义短语：stop...from，keep...from。

(2)在主动语态中，stop...from和prevent...from中的from可省略；但在被动语态中from不可省；keep ...from无论是在主动语态还是被动语态中都不能省略from。

5．block out挡住(光线)
In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.
在16世纪的早期，人们认为皮肤上的脏东西是阻挡疾病的一种方式。

6．cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋
(1)In the author’s eyes，motorheads are cheerful (cheer) and smart.(2016·天津)
(2)Cathy didn’t expect any award but was still there to cheer on(为……喝彩/加油) her friends and praise their accomplishments.(2016·天津) 7．now that既然
But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways，researchers are discovering new rules.
但是因为信息正以不同的方式传播和监测，所以研究人员正在研究新的规则。

(2016·全国Ⅲ)
8．get the hang of熟悉；掌握；理解
9．break out突发；爆发break in打断；闯入
break up结束；散开；分解
break down崩溃，垮掉；出毛病；抛锚
break into闯入；突然……起来
10．watch out for密切注意；当心；提防
watch over监视；看管
keep a watch on注意……
under watch受监视；被看管
1．What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe.
随后它会变成什么没有人知道，直到45～38亿年前，这团尘埃才慢慢地形成一个固体的球状物。

用法点拨
be to do有五层意义：
(1)表示预定，意为“预定”，相当于be going to do。

(2)表示义务，意为“应该”，相当于should。

(3)表示可能，意为“会做”，相当于can/could。

(4)表示命运，意为“注定”(通常用于过去时，描述过去的事实)。

(5)用于if...were to do，引导对将来的虚拟语气。

2．This produced a chain reaction，which made it possible for life to develop.
这产生了连锁反应，使得生命的发展成为可能。

3．But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over.
但是当我试着向前迈步时，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，并且摔倒在地。

用法点拨
倍数的表达方式：
(1)倍数＋as...as...
(2)倍数＋比较级＋than
(3)倍数＋the size/height/length/width...＋of...
(4)倍数＋what从句
(5)倍数＋that of...
4．...walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.……既然重力已经改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。

Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
The earth was just 1.a cloud of dust after the “Big Bang”．The earth exploded 2.loudly(loud) with fire and rock.They were in time to produce many things，which were 3.to make(make) the earth’s atmosphere.As the earth cooled down，water began to appear on its surface.It allowed the earth to dissolve 4.harmful(harm) gases.Then life began to develop.
Small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.This encouraged the 5.development(develop) of early shellfish and nd animals such as insects，reptiles and dinosaurs 6.appeared(appear) after green plants appeared.Small clever animals spread all 7.over the earth.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,8.which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.9.Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can 10.be
solved(solve)．
Ⅱ.教材与短文改错
Last month I paid a visit the moon with my friend.Before we left，I was told the force of gravity would change three time on our journey.Then we took up.As we left the earth，I became very heavily.Gradually the weight lessen.When I was in space，it was disappeared.We floated weightlessly around in the cabin and I cheered up.When I was on the moon，I was surprising to find even walking needed a bit of practice now that gravity changed.The returning of the earth was very frightened.We were amazed to watch fire broke out on the outside of the ship.
答案
Last month I paid a visit ∧to the moon with my friend.Before we left，I was told the force of gravity would change three
time
times
on our journey.Then we took
up
off
.As we left the earth，I became very
heavily
heavy
.Gradually the weight
lessen
lessened
.When I was in space，it was
disappeared.We floated weightlessly around in the cabin and I cheered up.When I was on the moon ，I was surprising
surprised to find even walking needed
a bit of practice now that gravity changed.The returning of
to the earth
was very frightened frightening .We were amazed to watch fire broke
break out on the
outside of the ship.
Ⅲ.教材与微写作
写作素材(关于恐龙)
1．据说恐龙曾经是地球的主人。

2．恐龙在地球上存活了好多年。

3．它们生下小恐龙，温暖的气候使它们迅速繁殖。

4．不幸的是，它们未能制止自己的消失。

5．此后人类就开始统治这个地球。

提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用It was said that...等结构。

连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
It was said that dinosaurs were once the masters of the earth.They
existed on the earth for a long time.They gave birth to young babies
and the warm climate helped them multiply quickly.Unfortunately ，they
couldn’t prevent themselves from disappearing and then it was the turn
of the humans to control the earth.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2016·辽宁辽南协作体二模)
September 21,2050—At a press conference today it was announced that the first tourist heading for Mars will be the 38­year­old US businessman Patrick Clifford.He will leave the earth in the launching window of June 2052 and set his foot on the surface of Mars in November ，together with the other 6 astronauts assigned for the mission to further explore the planet.
Patrick has now two years of training ahead of him to get ready for
the trip.Not only will he spend five months in getting to Mars ，but
another 600 days there before he can go back home.Patrick was of course
very excited ，“This has been my dream since I was four，and seeing the
first man on Mars 20 years ago made me realize that it was possible.”
To be able to pay the 1.3 billion for his ticket for the trip ，
Patrick sold his majority stake(股份) in the company his father had
built.“I know that my father would have been proud of me if he had still
been alive today ，he knew what this means to me ，”says Patrick.There
is no risk ，though ，that you will find Patrick begging in your street
corner when he comes back ，but it is said that he was paid twice as much
for his part of the company.
So ，how is he going to spend his 600 days on the red planet? “Well，
since I don’t have a job when I get back after selling the company，
I have plenty of time to come up with a new business idea ，”he says
and laughs.If he brings a shovel(铁锹)，he can start building the first
hotel there，but maybe he shouldn’t expect too many guests until someone can offer a cheaper ticket.
错误!
1．Patrick Clifford will go to Mars .
A．on business B．for pleasure
C．to build a hotel D．to explore the planet
答案B
解析细节理解题。

根据文章首句“September 21,2050—At a press conference today it was announced that the first tourist heading for Mars will be the 38­year­old US businessman Patrick Clifford.”可知他是到达火星的第一批游客，所以他去火星的目的是旅游，所以答案是B。

2．How long will Patrick Clifford be away before he comes back? A．About five months.
B．About two years.
C．About 750 days.
D．About 600 days.
答案C
解析细节理解题。

根据文章第二段第二句“Not only will he spend five months in getting to Mars，but another 600 days there before he can go back home.”可知是5×30＋600＝750，所以答案是C。

3．The underlined part in Paragraph 3 means that .
A．we needn’t worry about Patrick’s economic conditions B．the trip will turn Patrick into a beggar
C．Patrick will get much money from the trip
D．it’s likely that Patrick will be very poor after he comes back 答案A
解析句意猜测题。

这句话的意思是：回来后，你不会看见他在街头乞讨的。

说明不要担心他的经济状况，所以答案是A。

4．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．A total of six people will go to Mars.
B．Patrick’s father felt excited at the news.
C．Patrick will spend all his money on the trip.
D．Patrick is an optimistic man.
答案D
解析推理判断题。

从最后一段的句子“‘...I have plenty of time to come up with a new business idea，’he says and laughs.”可知他是乐观的，所以答案是D。

Ⅱ.七选五
(2016·广东揭阳市模拟)
Creating a good study environment takes a little planning.It is well worth the time as the end result will be much productive study time.Many people fail to do this and wonder why they cannot concentrate.After a couple of times of studying the right way，most people will be surprised at how much they can actually enjoy studying. 1
Know that concentration is the key.Reduce every possible distraction.Turn off the television and go in an area where you will not be interrupted by people. 2 If you are studying on your computer，don’t get distracted by emails and social networking sites.
3 If it is too dim(暗)，your eyes will be strained and leave you tired and wanting to close your eyes.Sun is a light that naturally wakes you up and helps you think.
Choose a comfortable seat. 4 Now a couch can work just fine for this as long as you don’t find yourself laying flat after a few minutes.The whole point of studying is to be able to concentrate on the study matter and not on a sore back.
5 Now this is for the person who needs the background noise to tone out all the little noises of life going on.If you find yourself thinking about the song then maybe silence is better for you.
Keep something to drink and snack on close by to keep your blood sugar stable.Obviously sugary foods will give you a quick rush but you will also have a quick low afterward.
A．Learn more to make study environment different.
B．Turn on some music.
C．If you can，turn off your cell phone.
D．Find a place that is proper to read.
E．It should have a good back support and a good feeling.F．Some people can study with lots of activities going on.
G．Read on to learn how to create a good study environment.
1．答案G
解析下文主要介绍了创造良好学习环境的方法，故此处应为：往下读，学习如何创建一个良好的学习环境。

故选G。

2．答案C
解析第二段主要讲述了学习时要集中注意力，不要分心，不被外界事物叨扰，所以选项中只有C项符合题意，即：如果可以，关闭手机。

故选C。

3．答案D
解析由本段内容可知，如果学习时光线太暗会使眼睛疲劳，太阳光线是可以使你保持清醒，帮助你思考的。

故此处应为：找一个合适的地方去阅读。

故选D。

4．答案E
解析本段首句提到“Choose a comfortable seat”，学习时找一个舒适的座位，可知此处涉及到的是关于座位的问题，备选答案中符合题意的只有选项E。

5．答案B
解析本段下文提到“Now this is for the person who needs the background noise to tone out all the little noises of life going on.”可以放点背景音乐来消除生活中的噪音，故选B。

Ⅲ.完形填空
(2016·湖北汉阳一中模拟)
Run Freely—A Lesson About Courage
One afternoon，many years ago，I went to pick up my mother from work.I got there a little early so I 1 the car by the roadside and waited for her.
As I looked 2 the car window，there was a small park where I saw a little boy，around one and a half to two years old， 3 freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short 4 .The boy had a big smile on his face 5 he had just been set free from a 6 .The boy would then fall to the grass，get up，and without 7 or without looking back at his mother，run as fast as he could，again，still with
a 8 on his face，as if nothing had happened.
Kids，when they fall down，they don’t consider their falling down as a failure. 9 ，they treat it as a learning experience.They feel compelled to try and try again until they 10 .
Not only was I impressed by the boy’s courage，but I was 11 touched by the manner in which he ran.With each attempt，he looked so 12 ，so natural，without signs of fear，nervousness，or of being disappointed.His only 13 was to run freely and to do it effectively as he could.He was just being a 14 ，just being himself.He was not looking for 15 or worrying about whether 16 was watching.He wasn’t concerned about being judged.He didn’t seem to be bothered by the fact that maybe someone would see him 17 and that it would be 18 if he did fall.No，all that 19 to him was to accomplish the task of activity at hand to the best of his ability，feeling the experience of running fully and freely.
I learned a lot from that observation and 20 ，and have successfully brought that lesson with me in life.
1．A.left B．started
C．stopped D．drove
答案C
解析leave留下；start开始；stop停下；drive开车。

根据文意由于“我”
到达那里的时间有点早，所以我把车停在路边等她，所以答案是C。

2．A.outside B．down
C．toward D．over
答案A
解析outside在……外面；down向下；toward向，朝……；over超过。

根
据文意“我”通过车窗向外看，看到一小男孩在公园草坪上玩耍，所以答案是A。

3．A.playing B．smiling
C．rolling D．running
答案D
解析play玩；smile笑；roll卷；run跑。

根据小男孩在草坪上自由地玩耍，可知答案是D。

4．A.sight B．length
C．time D．distance
答案D
解析sight视野；length长度；time时间；distance距离。

根据文意小男孩在草坪上玩耍，他的妈妈在离他有一段距离的地方看着。

from a short distance近距离地。

5．A.even if B．so long as
C．as though D．now that
答案C
解析even if尽管；so long as只要；as though好像；now that既然。

根据文意小男孩满脸笑意好像刚从监狱里被释放出来一样，所以答案是C。

6．A.prison B．house
C．park D．castle
答案A
解析prison监狱；house房子；park公园；castle城堡。

根据文意小男孩笑得好像刚从监狱被释放出来一样，所以答案是A。

7．A.attention B．hesitation
C．question D．application
答案B 解析attention注意力；hesitation犹豫；question问题；application
申请。

根据文意小男孩在草坪上摔倒了又爬起来没有一点迟疑，甚至没有回头看一眼妈妈，所以答案是B。

8．A.puzzle B．smile
C．pleasure D．surprise
答案B
解析puzzle困惑；smile微笑；pleasure愉悦；surprise惊奇。

根据文意他还是奋力地跑着，脸上洋溢着笑容，好像什么事情也没发生过一样，所以答案是B。

9．A.However B．Instead
C．Still D．Anyhow
答案B
解析however然而；instead代替，而不是；still仍然；anyhow不管怎样。

根据文意孩子们摔倒了并不认为是自己失败了，相反他们把它视为一种学习的经历，所以答案是B。

10．A.stop B．win
C．achieve D．succeed
答案D
解析stop停下；win赢得；achieve实现；succeed成功。

根据文意他们一次又一次地尝试着直到他们成功了，所以答案是D。

11．A.luckily B．apparently
C．actually D．equally
答案D
解析luckily幸运地；apparently明显地；actually实际上；equally平等地。

根据文意小男孩的勇气给“我”留下了深刻的印象，并且小男孩跑步的方式也给“我”留下了深刻的印象，所以答案是D。

12．A.confident B．joyful
C．quiet D．proud
答案A
解析confident自信的；joyful欢乐的；quiet安静的；proud自豪的。

根据文意他的每一步探索，都充满了自信，没有一点害怕、紧张和失望，所以答案是A。

13．A.worry B．talent
C．concern D．conclusion
答案C
解析worry焦虑；talent才能；concern关心(的事)；conclusion结论。

根据文意他唯一关心的是尽情的奔跑，所以答案是C。

14．A.student B．child
C．player D．winner
答案B
解析student学生；child孩子；player弹奏者；winner赢家。

根据文意他就是一个孩子，他只需要做自己，所以答案是B。

15．A.chance B．fortune
C．approval D．trouble 答案C
解析chance机会；fortune运气；approval赞赏；trouble麻烦。

根据文意他不在意是否获得他人的赞赏，不担心有没有人在看着他，所以答案是C。

16．A.someone B．none
C．everyone D．one
答案A
解析someone有人，某个人；none一个也没有；everyone每个人；one一个。

根据文意他不担心是否有人在看着他。

答案是A。

17．A.try B．run
C．cry D．fall
答案D
解析try尝试；run奔跑；cry尝试；fall跌倒。

根据文意他不介意是否有人看到他摔倒了，他没有被这个事实所困扰，所以答案是D。

18．A.embarrassing B．disappointing
C．frightening D．exciting
答案A
解析embarrassing令人尴尬的；disappointing令人失望的；frightening 令人害怕的；exciting令人兴奋的。

根据文意摔倒了被人看到会感到尴尬，所以答案是A。

19．A.happened B．cared
C．mattered D．related
答案C
解析happen发生；care关心；matter要紧，重要；relate有关联。

根据文意所有他认为重要的是尽全力完成手边的活动，自由、充实地体验跑步的乐趣。

所以答案是C。

20．A.experiment B．experience
C．expression D．expectation
答案B
解析experiment实验；experience经历，经验；expression印象；expectation期望。

根据文意从那次“我”的观察和经历中“我”学习到了很多，所以答案是B。

Ⅰ.词汇拓展
1．launch vt.发射；发动n．发射；发动；推出
What is the purpose of the project launched(launch) by Nancy? 2．distracted adj.心烦意乱的；注意力不集中的
(1)distract v ．分散；转换
(2)They also were more likely to admit to sensation­seeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted (distract)．
(3)Then，there are other distractions(distract)，such as family or hobbies.
3．set one’s foot on踏上……
at the foot of在……脚下
to one’s feet站起来4．together with和……一同，连同……
(1)The chief engineer together with his colleagues has looked(look) for new scientific methods of farming since five years ago.
(2)The teacher together with the students is discussing Reading Skills that was newly published in America.(be)
用法点拨
“主语＋together with＋名词/代词”结构中，句中谓语动词的数要根据前面的主语而定。

5．come up with想出；提出；追赶上
(1)So scientists have come up with (提出) a shocking idea.(2016·北京)
(2)—Alvin，are you coming with us?
—I’d love to，but something unexpected has come up(被提出)．
6．a couple of两个；几个
On one of her trips to New York several years ago，Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.
几年前，在其中一次去纽约的时候，Eudora Welty决定带几个纽约朋友外出吃饭。

(2016·全国Ⅲ)
用法点拨
a couple of和a pair of都表示“一对，一双”，但前者指的是两个同种类的(不是同样的)东西，后者指的是由两个同样的或相当的东西组成的一对或一双。

7．set free释放
set aside留出；不理会
set about doing (＝set out to do)开始做……
set an example树立榜样
set a date确定日期
set sb.doing...使某人做……
8．fall down倒塌；跌倒；掉下；失败
(1)fall behind落后
fall through失败；破产；破灭
fall ill/asleep/silent生病/入睡/沉默
(2)The dog Judy fell down the cliff when she was running after a sheep.当她在追赶一只羊的时候，小狗朱迪从悬崖上跌落下去。

(2015·陕西)
9．to the best of one’s ability尽自己最大努力
Children may have greater ability to figure(figure) out things than scientists.(2016·浙江)
用法点拨
(1)表示有能力做某事或具有做某事的能力时，ability后通常接不定式。

(2)ability表示抽象意义的“能力”时，不可数；表示不同种类的能力时，可用复数。

Ⅱ.句式升级
1．My father would have been proud of me if he had still been alive today.(改为倒装句)→Had he still been alive today，my father would have been proud of me. 2．It is said that he was paid twice as much for his part of the company.(改为简单句)
→He is said to have been paid twice as much for his part of the company. 3．Now this is for the person who needs the background noise to tone out all the little noises of life going on.(把划线部分改为非谓语形式)→Now this is for the person needing the background noise to tone out all the little noises of life going on.
4．If you find yourself thinking about the song then maybe silence is better for you.(改为并列句)
→Find yourself thinking about the song，and then maybe silence is better for you.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Many wastes produced in the producing process are harmful(harm) as well.(2015·江苏)
2．True creativity is the ability to take something existing (exist) and create something new from it.(2014·新课标全国Ⅰ)
3．One night，when I was eight，my mother gently(gentle) asked me a question I would never forget.(2014·天津)
4．This morning，when I was walking on the street，I saw that two travelers were reading a map，looking puzzled (puzzle)．
5．China recently tightened its waters controls near the Huangyan Island
to prevent Chinese fishing boats from being attacked(attack) in the South China Sea.
6．If they win the final tonight，the team are going to tour around the city to be cheered(cheer) by their enthusiastic supporters.
7．When we were in the middle of the lake，a strong wind came all of a sudden.The boat was hit violently(violence)．
8．Before a problem can be solved，it must be obvious what the problem itself is.
9．The villagers have already known what we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.
10．Mrs.White showed her students some old maps borrowed(borrow) from the library.
Ⅱ.运用本单元所学短语完成下列片段
Now that we all understand that the haze 11.is harmful to/does harm to(对……有害) our health，we should take effective measures to 12.prevent it from(阻止它) getting bad to worse.No matter what happens，we must 13.cheer up(振作起来)．If we keep on，we’ll succeed 14.in time (最终)．
Ⅲ.完成句子
15．既然Suzie不与我们一起吃饭，所以我们本不必买这么多食物。

We needn’t have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner.16．正在为下一届亚运会建的新体育馆是现在的体育馆的3倍大。

The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be three times as big as the present one.
17．某些人看作是障碍的东西却被很多人看作是有利的情况或因素。

What some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. 18．两年后，父亲开始创业，但进展不是很顺利。

(2015·陕西)
Two years later，Dad started his own business，which wasn’t doing so well.
19．她和她的研究小组想知道互联网是正在如何改变记忆的。

(2015·安徽) She and her research team wanted to know how the Internet is changing memory.
Ⅳ.阅读理解
(2016·四川文星中学月考)
Wikipedia is a free­access，free content Internet encyclopedia (百科全书)，supported and hosted by the non­profit Wikipedia Foundation.Wikipedia is ranked among the ten most popular websites and is considered the Internet’s largest and most popular general reference book.Now，Wikipedia is becoming Wookiepedia as scientists hope the informative website will help us reach out to intelligent life forms.So aliens can learn about the human race.
Astronomers would like to beam(播送) the entire contents of Wikipedia into space in the hope of contacting aliens.They want to send
messages to hundreds of star systems and planets 20 light years away using radio telescopes.The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute，in California，wants to use powerful radio telescopes to try to reach Chewbacca and his mates in a galaxy(银河系)far away.
The plans will be discussed by astronomers at the weekend as some scientists fear the reply from ET might not turn out to be friendly.Institute scientist David Black said，“One question is if there are dangerous creatures we might be drawing their attention to ourselves.Another is if we go ahead，what message should be sent? There could be many civilizations out there，but if they are all listening and no one is broadcasting or responding，then nothing will happen.”
Professor Stephen Hawking，who has warned that intelligent aliens probably exist and we should keep a safe distance from them，is among those.“If aliens visit us，the outcome would be much as when Columbus landed in America which didn’t turn out well for the Native Americans，” he said.
Signals from E arth’s radio and TV broadcasts have been heading out in space for some 60 years reaching around 5,000 stars.
错误!
20．What does the underlined word “those” in the fourth paragraph refer to?
A．Aliens from space.B．Astronomers sending signals.
C．Scientists for the plans.
D．Scientists against the plans.
答案D
解析代词指代题。

根据第三段第一句“The plans will be discussed by astronomers at the weekend as some scientists fear the reply from ET might not turn out to be friendly.”以及第四段开头“Professor Stephen Hawking，who has warned that intelligent aliens probably exist and we should keep a safe distance from them，is among those.”可知，因某些科学家担心来自外星的回应是不友好的，以及霍金也警告人类和外星人保持距离，可推断出，他们反对接近外星人的计划。

故D选项正确。

21．What has Prof.Stephen Hawking warned?
A．Intelligent aliens would probably land in America.
B．The plans will be in vain and nothing will happen.
C．None of the civilizations would reply.
D．Aliens would bring disasters to the human race.
答案D
解析细节理解题。

根据文中倒数第二段中的“If aliens visit us，the outcome would be much as when Columbus landed in America which didn’t turn out well for the Native Americans”可知，外星人的来访或许像哥伦布踏上美洲一样，对美洲原住民产生毁灭性的结果。

故D选项正确。

22．Which can be the best title?
A．Wikipedia，the Most Popular Website
B．Wikipedia to Be Beamed into Space
C．Wikipedia，Aliens’ Best Friend
D．Wikipedia to Result in a Disaster
答案B
解析标题归纳题。

通读全文，特别是文中第二段第一句“Astronomers would like to beam(播送) the entire contents of Wikipedia into space in the hope of contacting aliens.”可知，文章主要讲述了科学家们播送维基百科内容到太空意图联系外星人的事。

故B选项正确。

Ⅴ.七选五
(2017·山东平阴一中期中)
Do you want to put a smile on someone’s face？Maybe make their day a little bit brighter？ 23 In fact，many things can be done as a part of your normal routine and cost little or nothing.Try out one or more of the following ways today to put smiles on their faces：1． 24 Handwritten notes that are given to encourage，not just for thanking someone for a gift，are rare.That makes handwritten notes even more special.Start a new practice of sitting down and writing an encouraging note on a regular basis.
2．Take a friend out to lunch or invite him to your home. 25 If you feel like being more adventurous，throw a party for several of your friends.
3．Deliver a meal to someone you know that is sick or having a rough time.We have all been sick and know the last thing you want to do is be out of bed.There are also times when life is tough. 26 4．Ask a friend if you can take care of their kid for a day or evening.If you have been a parent，you know the value of being able to have a few hours of free time without worrying about the children. 27 Offer to do it when the parents want to relax themselves.
Besides，there is one more way that can’t be ignored.Give a real smile to everyone you meet.You will experience how easy it is to get others to smile!
A．Thank everyone that supports you.
B．Write an encouraging note to others.
C．Helping others will be rewarded with more smiles.
D．It doesn’t have to take much time or money on your part.
E．You can be a great help by providing a meal that can be enjoyed. F．Don’t wait to be asked to baby­sit when it is required.
G．You will get to know each other even better than you do right now.答案23.D 24.B 25.G 26.E 27.F
Ⅵ.语法填空
(2016·陕西师大附中模拟)
A：My mother is a 28. (patience) woman，as you know.She’s never lost her temper 29. though she is very angry with me.
B：You are lucky to have such a good mother,30. has been devoted to caring for you entirely.
A：Oh，certainly.31. a child，I fell ill 32. (frequent) and needed 33. (look) after.My mother was never fed up 34. taking care of me.Regardless 35. my weaknesses，she loved me deeply，which moved me a lot.
B：Your mother seemed 36. (give) you too much care，in my opinion but I hate 37. when my mother gives me too much care.I feel uncomfortable and I want more freedom to be independent of her.
A：That’s where our difference lies.
28．答案patient
解析考查形容词。

句意为：我母亲是一个很有耐心的女性。

此处应用形容词修饰名词。

故填patient。

29．答案even
解析考查副词。

句意为：她从不发脾气，即使她很生我的气。

even though 即使。

故填even。

30．答案who
解析考查定语从句。

此处who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a good mother。

故填who。

31．答案As
解析考查介词。

句意为：小时候我经常生病。

as介词，表示“作为”。

故填As。

32．答案frequently
解析考查副词。

此处应用副词修饰动词。

故填frequently。

33．答案looking/to be looked
解析考查固定搭配。

need doing相当于need to be done需要被……，故填looking/to be looked。

34．答案with
解析考查介词。

fed up with对……感到厌倦。

故填with。

35．答案of
解析考查介词。

regardless of不管；不顾。

故填of。

36．答案to have given
解析考查不定式。

句意为：你母亲似乎给了你太多的关爱。

seem to have done 似乎做了某事。

故填to have given。

37．答案it
解析考查固定句式。

hate/like/appreciate it when...，it为形式宾语。

故填it。