大学英语精读(1)unit9 answer

III . Vocabulary Activities
1.
1. extremely (very)
2. hazard (danger)
3. pollute (make dirty or unfit use)
4. originally (in the beginning)
5. feasibility (possibility of being carried out)
6. survive (continue to live, esp. after coming close to death)
7. atmosphere (the whole mass of air round the earth)
8. conclusion (belief or opinion which is the result of reasoning)
9. proceed (continue, esp. after an interruption)
10. conference ( a meeting for discussion)
11. billion (a thousand million)
12. humorous (amusing and funny)
2. Fill in the blanks with notice or pay attention to in their correct forms: notice 注意到… 看到… 留心…
Have you noticed she wears a very expensive necklace?
pay attention to 注意, 将注意力集中到…
When you drive a car, you should pay attention to drive the lines?
1) If you had paid attention to what he said, you could have avoided repeating such a bad mistake. 虚拟语气,与过去相反
2) Mr. White didn’t know I was in his office. He was too busy to notice me.
3) On the way home from the party Nancy asked her mother if she had noticed anything strange in the way the hostess behaved.
if –宾语从句anything←strange adj 奇怪的情况
4) “Pay attention to what you are doing,” the teacher said. “You should not let your thoughts wander.” 祈使句
let your thoughts(to) wander 使意动词后不定式去to
5) Mrs. Wolfe noticed a great change in her husband when he returned home form a business trip to Europe.
6) Obviously too much attention was paid to the details.
Obviously too much attention has been paid to the details.
3. Fill in the blanks with spend, pay or cost:
spend 人做主语+ spend + time / money
pay 人做主语+ pay + money to
cost 物做主语+ cost + money
1)The New English - Chinese Dictionary I bought her cost me almost sixty Yuan.
The New English - Chinese Dictionary 定从I bought her
2)When he was very young Joe often wondered why his mother wouldn't spend a penny on herself.
3)Does it cost a lot to have the CD player repaired?
4）Peter’s aunt is used to a simple way of living. No wonder she doesn’t want to spend so much money on food or clothing.
used to-prep 过去常常做某事used to sth / used to doing sth
I used to get up at 6.
be used to do 习惯于I am used to getting up early.
No wonder she doesn’t want to spend so much money on food or clothing. It is no wonder that 主从she doesn’t want to spend so much money on food or clothing. 完整句
It is no wonder that you came / were later.
与强调句型不同,去掉it is … that / it was … that去掉后还可以当句子成份
no wonder 难怪/ small wonder / little wonder
单独使用A: They are getting divorced.
B: No wonder.
It is no wonder that he got a loan from the bank.
5) Jane paid less than twelve pounds for her shoes.
pay money for sth less than 不到
I paid less than 200 Y uan for my watch.
I paid less than 20 Y uan for my bag.
6) The thief was about to leave the store when he was stopped and asked if the articles under his arm had been paid for.
be about to do 表示将来动作,马上要做的动作,事情
I am about to get married.
The film is about to start.
Please, get ready. The guests are about to arrive.
he was stopped and asked if宾从the articles under his arm had been paid for. articles 文章/ 冠词/ 东西
7) It goes without saying that everyone has to spend to get into the cinema. that everyone has to spend to get into the cinema.主从
8) Dick’s uncle has to pay for his education as his father has come down in the world.
as 原因状语从句his father has come down in the world.
9) Electricity will probably cost more than it did last year.
electricity 电
10) In the past few years the factory spent a lot of money improving its working.
the factory 相当于人称
sb spend money
sth cost
sb pay for 为什么支付钱
4. Fill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a word or phrase 1) Industrial cities such as Chicago and Detroit have severely have been polluting / have polluted the waters of the Great Lakes.
Severely严格地waters水域
I want to drink some water.
2）They are studying the feasibility of building a new shopping center outside town.
3) Medical researchers reached the conclusion long ago that smoking is a serious hazard to health.
reached达到reach a conclusion / come to a conclusion
arrive at a conclusion / draw a conclusion
long ago 很久以前
conclusion同位语从句that smoking is a serious hazard to health.
Smoking is a hazard to health.
4) George Washington, the first President of the United States, is known as the Father of His Country.
known as 以… 闻名/ 被称之为…
George Washington,同位语the first President of the United States,
5) The fire that broke out in the plant during the night was still seen giving off / emitting a lot of smoke the next morning.
The fire←主语补足语giving off a lot of smoke the next morning.
He was seen standing at the gate of the library.
The fire that定从broke out in the plant during the night
plant / factory / mill 工厂Dalian Steel Plant
6) The World Cup was transmitted around the world by satellite. transmitted传播
7) The movie we are going to see is said to be based on the life story of an American general.
The movie is said to be based on the life story of an American general.
The movie 定从we are going to see
general 将军/ 大众
8) There are nine planets in the solar system. They are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto.
9) Supporters of gun control have worked for many years to ban the sale of deadly handguns in American.
have worked努力
10) My native town, which was originally rater small, has now been built into the sky.
My native town我的老家has now been built into the sky.
which was originally rater small, has now been built into the sky.非限定性定从11) Jinmao Building in Pudong, Shanghai can be seen from miles away, sticking up.
sticking up分词短语做原因状语
12) The speaker said something about the actors first and then proceeded to talk about the film.
13) We had a long debate as to whether we should spend so much money on space technology.
as to / about debate 讨论
as to←whether宾从we should spend so much money on space technology. 介词–宾语从句
14) A plate dropped from her fingers and smashed into pieces on the kitchen floor.
15) The bad weather set back our building program by three weeks.
16) “Why won’t you go to Tibet with me?” “For one thing, I don’t like flying, and for another, I can’t afford it.”
5. Rewrite each of the following sentences, using the words in brackets:
1)Water makes up most of the earth’s surface.
A make up
B A构成B
The earth’s surface is mostly composed of water.
B is composed of A B由A构成
2)Both ice and snow on the roads make driving dangerous during the Christmas season.
both … and …两者都
Both Lynne and I like to watch TV series.
I like both novels and movies.
make + O + C ← adj make driving dangerous
His words make me very angry.
Her Christmas gift made me very happy.
The situation then made her very nervous.
The present situation make his very nervous.
Such kind of life makes her bored.
Ice and snow on the roads both create hazards for drivers during the Christmas season.
3)The youngest child of the family was the only survivor of the earthquake.
The youngest child survived the earthquake, but the rest of the family died. survivor of 什么的幸存者
He was the only survivor of the car accident.
Mr. Wang was the only survivor of the fire.
survived in the earthquake -vt
survived the earthquake -vi
4)Some streets in American cities are not safe place to live because of crime. streets←介词短语做定语
Crime makes / has make some streets in American cities unfit to live.
5)The fog resulted in several cars running into each other on the highway. run into 碰撞O C分词做宾补
Several cars crashed into each other on the highway due to the fog.
result in = lead to = cause 导致，造成
SARS resulted in the death of many people in the spring of 2003.
due to = because of – prep 因为
We didn't go to the Zoo due to the bad weather.
I didn't go to school because of a high fever.
6)The rider of the motorbike stretched out his arm to warn that he would turn left. 目的状语宾从
The rider of the motorbike made a signal with his arm for a left turn.
The rider of the motorbike stretched out his arm to make a signal for a left turn. rider of …什么的骑行者
IV. Enriching Your Word Power
1.
accept – acceptance guide – guidance
appear – appearance perform – performance
arrive – arrival propose – proposal
depend – dependence refuse – refusal
differ – difference remove – removal
disturb – disturbance sign – signal
exist – existence survive – survivor
confer – conference insist – insistence
2. Complete the following sentences: n + v + er = sb / sth
1) A dressmaker is a person whose job is making women’s dresses and other clothing.
2) A troublemaker is a person who often makes trouble for others.
3) A weedkiler is a chemical for killing weeds.
4) A recordholder is one who holds the record for some achievement.
5) A timekeeper is a person or thing that keeps time.
6) A landowner is a person who owns land.
7) A bookseller is a person who sells book.
8) A shipbuilder is a person whose work is building ships.
9) A taxi driver is a person whose job is driving a taxicab.
10) A can opener is a tool for opening cans.
Usage.
1.有时形容词也是以ly结尾的
2.这些形容词有指代人的名词构成，表明人具有或应刻具有的本质
3.其他以ly结尾的单词，以时间段的名词相关，表示一段时间而描述，每隔一段时间发生的事情。

4.少数不与名词相关的ly结尾的形容词如deadly, lively, lonely, silly
1. The other day I called on Alan’s cousin, a friendly man who offered me tea and cakes.
2. Cars turn into deadly weapons when they are driven carelessly.
3. My father reads the daily paper at breakfast each morning.
4. You are so lucky to live here with all this lovely countryside around you.
5. My mother used to tell me it wasn’t manly for little boys around you.
me 间接宾语it wasn’t manly for little…宾语从句做直宾
6.When David first moved to New York he didn’t know anyone and he felt very lonely. felt – L lonely – P
7.We go and do the weekly shopping every Thursday.
8.A good- natured motherly woman from the house next door helped me with the baby.
good- natured motherly前置定语→woman←from the house next door后置定语VI. Structure
1.
because + 从句
because of – prep + 单词/ 词组
1)Henry couldn’t take part in the sports meet because of his broken leg.
take part in 参加
2)We were sorry to hear that Mr. Davidson had to retire at the age of fifty because of his poor health.
3)We didn’t go to the concert because of the heavy snow.
prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人…
4)I couldn’t fall asleep because of the noise.
keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人…
It was … that 是强调句式
2.what do you think of你以为…怎么样？be unfit to do 不适合
1) It is rather difficult to pronounce.
不定式做方面状语，在读这方面
2) As far as I know it is easy to explain.
What about that …什么怎么样？
3) It is as difficult to manage as Henry’s.
as一样的… as像什么，和什么
4) It will be fit to wear if you shorten the sleeves.
be fit to 适合
5) To tell the truth, it is impossible to answer.
独立成份
6) It is not possible to see in advance.
3. as far as …be concerted 就什么而言
1) The earlier the better, as far as I am concerned.
The比较级the比较级越…越…
2) As far as we students are concerned, this arrangement is quite satisfactory. But how about our teachers?
we students 同位语关系
our students 定语
3) As far as this method itself is concerned, it is worth trying. The trouble is we don’t have enough hands. it = method
method itself 同位语本身，反身代词做同位语，加强语气
The teacher said so. The teacher himself said so.
Mary is the typist whom our manager himself chose.
be worth doing 值…
This novel is worth reading.
This movies is worth watching.
The trouble is(that)宾从we do n’t have enough hands.
4) As far as the ability is concerned, Jim is the right person for the job.
5) The movie is all right as far as acting and music are concerned. But the photography is not so good.
6) As far as structure is concerned, the house isn’t worth the price they’re asking.
VII. Cloze
1.
Scientists on Venus are discussing the feasibility 1) of landing a manned flying saucer on Earth, based on 2) information received from a satellite. Their conclusions 3) are that the planet Earth is unfit 4) for habitation because of its highly polluted 5) condition. For one thing, deadly 6) gases in the atmosphere 7) make it extremely 8) dangerous to breathe. For another 9) the water, also polluted, has become undrinkable. For these reasons, it would be difficult for any one to survive 10) these conditions, but the Venusian scientists are determined to proceed with their exploration of the planet Earth.
2) based on 分词短语做方式状语5) polluted 过去分词做定语→condition
2. Fill in the missing words
Some scientist think that man may not find life pleasant in the world of the future. Others think that he 1) may not be able to live in it 2) at all. Everyone must know that the world is in danger 3). Here is one example of the problem 4). At one time there were 1300 different 5) plants, trees, and flowers in Holland, but 6) now only 866 remain. The others 7) have been destroyed by modern man. We are changing 8) the earth, the air and water, and everything that 9) grows and lives. If we continue 10)like this we shall destroy ourselves 11).
What will happen in the future 12)? Perhaps it is more important to ask 13) “ What should we do now?” The people 14) who will be living in the world 15) of tomorrow are the young people of today 16). Many of
them know that it is necessary 17) to take care of the environment 18). Some are helping to save our world 19).
There are 15 million young people in 20) different countries who study man and the living things around 21) him. They take steps to prevent 22) pollution in the air, on land and at 23) sea. They plant trees and help to protect 24) wild birds and animals.
But everyone 25), not only young people, must work to save 26) our world.
IX. Translation
1. Gases such as carbon monoxide, emitted by factories and automobiles, have seriously polluted the atmosphere.
2. The industrial engineer’s letter indicates that he doubts the feasibility of the plan .
3. Many parents in the United States set aside a fund for their children’s education before they are born.
4. I have made sure that her conclusion is based on facts.
I am sure that her conclusion is based on facts.
5. The medical team, composed of three doctors and two nurses, set off for the mountain area a few days ago.
6. The village is named after the high mountain that stick up in front of it. The village is named after the high mountain sticking up in front of it.
7. He was ill for about a month, which has really set him back in his
studies.
8. The war that broke out between the North and the South in 1861 is known in history as the American Civil War.
break out 爆发
be known as
The war that between KMT and the communist Party is known as the Chinese Civil War.。