samsung s3c2440a microcontroller user's manual

S3C2440A
32-BIT CMOS
MICROCONTROLLER
USER'S MANUAL
Revision 1
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S3C2440A 32-Bit CMOS Microcontroller
User's Manual, Revision 1
Publication Number: 21-S3-C2440A-072004
© 2004 Samsung Electronics
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1Product Overview
Introduction.........................................................................................................................................1-1 Features.............................................................................................................................................1-2 Block Diagram....................................................................................................................................1-5 Pin Assignments.................................................................................................................................1-6 Signal Descriptions..............................................................................................................................1-20 S3C2440A Special Registers................................................................................................................1-26 Chapter 2Programmer's Model
Overview.............................................................................................................................................2-1 Processor Operating States.........................................................................................................2-1 Switching State...........................................................................................................................2-1 Memory Formats.........................................................................................................................2-1 Big-Endian Format.......................................................................................................................2-2 Little-Endian Format....................................................................................................................2-2 Instruction Length........................................................................................................................2-2 Operating Modes.........................................................................................................................2-3 Registers....................................................................................................................................2-3 The Program Status Registers......................................................................................................2-7 Exceptions.................................................................................................................................2-10 Interrupt Latencies.......................................................................................................................2-15 Reset.........................................................................................................................................2-15
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 3ARM Instruction Set
Instruction Set Summay.......................................................................................................................3-1 Format Summary........................................................................................................................3-1 Instruction Summary....................................................................................................................3-2 The Condition Field..............................................................................................................................3-4 Branch and Exchange (Bx)...................................................................................................................3-5 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-5 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-5 Using R15 as an Operand............................................................................................................3-5 Branch and Branch with Link (B, Bl)......................................................................................................3-7 The Link Bit................................................................................................................................3-7 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-7 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-8 Data Processing..................................................................................................................................3-9 Cpsr Flags..................................................................................................................................3-11 Shifts.........................................................................................................................................3-12 Immediate Operand Rotates.........................................................................................................3-16 Writing to R15.............................................................................................................................3-16 Using R15 as an Operandy...........................................................................................................3-16 TEQ, TST, Cmp and Cmn Opcodes...............................................................................................3-16 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-16 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-17 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-17 Psr Transfer (MRS, MSR).....................................................................................................................3-18 Operand Restrictions...................................................................................................................3-18 Reserved Bits..............................................................................................................................3-20 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-20 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-20 Assembly Syntax........................................................................................................................3-21 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-21 Multiply And Multiply-Accumulate (MUL, MLA).......................................................................................3-22 Cpsr Flags..................................................................................................................................3-24 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-24 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-24 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-24 Multiply Long And Multiply-Accumulate Long (MULL, MLAL)...................................................................3-25 Operand Restrictions...................................................................................................................3-26 Cpsr Flags..................................................................................................................................3-26 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-26 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-27 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-27
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 3ARM Instruction Set (Continued)
Single Data Transfer (LDR, STR)...........................................................................................................3-28 Offsets and Auto-Indexing............................................................................................................3-29 Shifted Register Offset.................................................................................................................3-29 Bytes and Words........................................................................................................................3-29 Use of R15..................................................................................................................................3-31 Example.....................................................................................................................................3-31 Data Aborts................................................................................................................................3-31 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-31 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-32 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-33 Halfword and Signed Data Transfer (LDRH/STRH/LDRSB/LDRSH)...........................................................3-34 Offsets and Auto-Indexing............................................................................................................3-35 Halfword Load and Stores.............................................................................................................3-36 Use of R15..................................................................................................................................3-37 Data Aborts................................................................................................................................3-37 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-37 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-38 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-39 Block Data Transfer (LDM, STM)...........................................................................................................3-40 The Register List.........................................................................................................................3-40 Addressing Modes.......................................................................................................................3-41 Address Alignment......................................................................................................................3-41 Use of the S Bit...........................................................................................................................3-43 Use of R15 as The Base..............................................................................................................3-43 Inclusion of the Base in the Register List.......................................................................................3-44 Data Aborts................................................................................................................................3-44 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-44 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-45 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-46 Single Data Swap (SWP).....................................................................................................................3-47 Bytes and Words........................................................................................................................3-47 Use of R15..................................................................................................................................3-48 Data Aborts................................................................................................................................3-48 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-48 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-48 Software Interrupt (SWI).......................................................................................................................3-49 Return from the Supervisor...........................................................................................................3-49 Comment Field............................................................................................................................3-49 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-49 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-50 Coprocessor Data Operations (CDP).....................................................................................................3-51 Coprocessor Instructions..............................................................................................................3-51 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-52 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-52
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 3ARM Instruction Set (Continued)
Coprocessor Data Transfers (LDC, STC)................................................................................................3-53 The Coprocessor Fields...............................................................................................................3-54 Addressing Modes.......................................................................................................................3-54 Address Alignment......................................................................................................................3-54 Data Aborts................................................................................................................................3-54 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-55 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-55 Coprocessor Register Transfers (MRC, MCR).................................................................................3-56 The Coprocessor Fields...............................................................................................................3-56 Transfers to R15..........................................................................................................................3-57 Transfers from R15......................................................................................................................3-57 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-57 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-57 Examples...................................................................................................................................3-57 Undefined Instruction...................................................................................................................3-58 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................3-58 Assembler Syntax.......................................................................................................................3-58 Instruction Set Examples.............................................................................................................3-59 Using the Conditional Instructions.................................................................................................3-59 Pseudo-Random Binary Sequence Generator.................................................................................3-61 Multiplication by Constant Using the Barrel Shifter..........................................................................3-61 Loading a Word from an Unknown Alignment.................................................................................3-63 Chapter 4Thumb Instruction Set
Thumb Instruction Set Format...............................................................................................................4-1 Format Summary........................................................................................................................4-2 Opcode Summary.......................................................................................................................4-3 Format 1: Move Shifted Register...........................................................................................................4-5 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-5 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-6 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-6 Format 2: Add/Subtract........................................................................................................................4-7 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-7 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-8 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-8 Format 3: Move/Compare/Add/Subtract Immediate.................................................................................4-9 Operations..................................................................................................................................4-9 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-10 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-10
Table of Contents (Continued)
Chapter 4Thumb Instruction Set (Continued)
Format 4: ALU Operations....................................................................................................................4-11 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-11 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-12 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-12 Format 5: Hi-Register Operations/Branch Exchange...............................................................................4-13 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-13 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-14 The BX Instruction.......................................................................................................................4-14 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-15 Using R15 As an Operand............................................................................................................4-15 Format 6: PC-Relative Load..................................................................................................................4-16 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-16 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-17 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-17 Format 7: Load/Store With Register Offset.............................................................................................4-18 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-19 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-19 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-19 Format 8: Load/Store Sign-Extended Byte/Halfword................................................................................4-20 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-20 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-21 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-21 Format 9: Load/Store With Immediate Offset..........................................................................................4-22 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-23 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-23 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-23 Format 10: Load/Store Halfword............................................................................................................4-24 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-24 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-25 Format 11: SP-Relative Load/Store.......................................................................................................4-26 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-26 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-27 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-27 Format 12: Load Address.....................................................................................................................4-28 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-28 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-29 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-29 Format 13: Add Offset to Stack Pointer.................................................................................................4-30 Operation....................................................................................................................................4-30 Instruction Cycle Times................................................................................................................4-30 Examples...................................................................................................................................4-30。