2022年考研考博-考博英语-福建师范大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编押题第五期(含答案)试卷号：93

2022年考研考博-考博英语-福建师范大学考试全真模拟全知识点汇编
押题第五期（含答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
Every member of society has to make a （）to struggle for the freedom of the country.
问题1选项
A.warranty
B.guarantee
C.resolve
D.pledge
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。

warranty意为“保证，担保”，通常指承诺退款，类似质保；guarantee意为“保证，担保”，通常指只负责修理，类似保修；resolve意为“决定”；pledge意为“保证，誓言”，make a pledge意为“宣誓，发誓”。

句意：每个社会成员都必须宣誓为国家自由而奋斗。

2.
问答题
The teacher said that if (A)we believed something was (B)true and good we should (C) hold on to them (D).
【答案】试题答案：D; it
【解析】考查代词用法。

something意为“某物，某事”，其不定代词要用单数代词it，不能用them。

3.
单选题
Neither of these reasons （）our allowing him to pass after he did so poorly in the physics examination.
问题1选项
A.rectifies
B.notifies
C.signifies
D.justifies
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。

rectify意为“改正，校正”；notify意为“通报，通知”；signify意为“说明，预示，表达”；justify意为“证明……正确(或正当、有理)，为……辩护”。

句意：他在物理考试中表现这么差之后，这两个原因都不是我们允许他通过的理由。

4.
单选题
People cannot but （）puzzled, for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.
问题1选项
A.feel
B.feeling
C.to feel
D.having felt
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定句型。

cannot but do sth. 意为“不得不做某事，禁不住做某事”，but后面接动词原形，因此选A。

句意：人们情不自禁地感到困惑，因为他们根本无法理解他怎么会犯这样一个愚蠢的错误。

5.
单选题
A good scientist （）into all aspects of a problem in order to find solutions.
问题1选项
A.pricks
B.pokes
C.probes
D.peers
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。

prick意为“刺，扎，戳”；poke意为“戳，捅”；probe意为“追问，探究”；peer意为“凝视”。

句意：一个好的科学家会探究一个问题的所有方面去找到解决方案。

6.
单选题
About 50 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sports was never heard of. But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stroke Mandeville, England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, the situation began to change. Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany, had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries center at Stroke Mandeville Hospital near London. His ideas about treating injuries included sports for the disabled.
In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part. The next year, 1949, five teams took part. From those beginnings things developed fast. Teams now come from abroad to Stroke Mandeville every year. In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome. Now, every four years, the Olympic Games for the Disabled are held, if possible, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games, although they are organized separately. In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stroke Mandeville. In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games, 1604 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part. Unfortunately, they were held at Stroke Mandeville and not in Los Angles, along with the other Olympics.
The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship and understanding, and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sports. One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games, however, has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include the disabled events at the Olympic Games for the able-bodied. Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded.
1.The first games for the disabled were held （）after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived in England.
2.Besides Stroke Mandeville, surely the game for the disabled was once held in （）.
3.In Paragraph 2 the word "athlete" means
（）.
4.Which of the following statement is NOT true?
5.From the passage we may conclude that writer is（）.
问题1选项
A.50 years
B.21 years
C.9 years
D.4 years
问题2选项
A.New York
B.London
C.Rome
D.Los Angeles
问题3选项
A.people who support the game
B.People who watch the game
C.people who organized the game
D.people who compete in the game
问题4选项
A.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled.
B.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier.
C.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany.
D.Sir Ludwig Guttmann is welcomed by the British.
问题5选项
A.one of the organizers of the games for the disabled
B.a disabled who once took part in the games
C.against holding the games for the disabled
D.in the favor of holding the game for the disabled
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:C
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:D
【解析】1.细节事实题。

由文章第一段中的But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stroke Mandeville, England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, the situation began to change. Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany可知第一次举办残疾人运动会是在1948年，Sir Ludwig Guttmann是在1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国，因此选C。

2.细节事实题。

由文章第二段中的In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome.（1960年，第一届残疾人奥运会在罗马举行）可知选C。

3.词义题。

由文章第二段中的In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games, 1604 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part.（在1984年轮椅奥运会上，来自大约40个国家的1604名轮椅……参加了比赛）可知“athlete”是指参加比赛的人，A选项“支持者”，B选项“观看者”，C选项“组织者”，D选项“竞争者”，因此选D。

4.细节事实题。

由文章第一段中的Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany, had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries center at Stroke Mandeville Hospital near London. His ideas about treating injuries included sports for the disabled.（1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国的Sir Ludwig Guttmann，被英国政府要求在伦敦附近的Mandeville Hospital设立一个受伤中心。

他对治疗受伤的想法包括残疾人运动）可知A、C、D选项正确，B选项“Sir Ludwig Guttmann是一名受伤的士兵”并没有在文中提及，因此选B。

5.观点态度题。

由文章最后一段中的The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship and understanding, and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sports... Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded.（奥运会在增进国际友谊和理解方面取得了巨大的成功，也证明了残疾并不意味着你不能享受体育运动……也许还需要再过几年，才能说服那些幸运到没有残疾的人，他们的残疾运动员不应该被排除在奥运会外）可知作者是支持残疾人运动会的，因此D选项“支持为残疾人举办比赛”符合题意。

7.
单选题
His shirt factory is growing so fast that he must （）more workers.
问题1选项
A.take on
B.take up
C.take out
D.take over
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。

take on意为“承担，接受，雇用”；take up意为“开始从事”；take out意为“取出，除去”；take over意为“接收，接管”。

句意：他的衬衫工厂发展很快，以至于他必须雇佣更多的工人。

The treaty will be the （）of lasting peace.
问题1选项
A.potential
B.enclosure
C.tribute
D.threshold
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。

potential意为“可能性，潜在性”；enclosure意为“圈地，围场，附件”；tribute意为“致敬，悼念”；threshold意为“门槛，入口，开始”。

句意：这个条约将是持久和平的开端。

9.
单选题
I don’t really know john all that wells; he’s just a （）acquaintance.
问题1选项
A.random
B.formal
C.haphazard
D.casual
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

random意为“任意的”；formal意为“正规的”；haphazard意为“偶然的，随意的”，一般指的是物；casual意为“偶然的”，a casual acquaintance意为“点头之交，偶然相识”。

句意：我并不怎么了解约翰；我们只不过是泛泛之交。

10.
单选题
How much Robert Smith（）, the goal stayed unattained, but he still wouldn't give up.
问题1选项
A.inspired
B.endeavored
C.distressed
D.confused
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

inspire意为“激励，鼓舞”；endeavor意为“努力，尽力，试图”；distress 意为“使悲伤，使苦恼”；confuse意为“使糊涂，使迷惑”。

句意：不管罗伯特•史密斯如何努力，他还是没有达到目标，但他还是不肯放弃。

11.
问答题
The trouble is, as I see it (A), that he is a perfectionist in his way (B), and he says that (C) lie will not have children when (D) they can afford it financially.
【答案】试题答案：D; until
【解析】考查固定句型。

not...until意为“直到……才”，因此将when改为until。

I don’t think the building was well（） and constructed.
问题1选项
A.deceived
B.perceived
C.conceived
D.achieved
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。

deceive意为“欺诈”；perceive意为“意识到，察觉到”；conceive意为“想出，构想，设想”；achieve意为“取得”。

句意：我觉得这栋建筑构思不太巧妙，也修建得不太好。

13.
单选题
You cannot expect people to work hard unless you give them some kind of （）.
问题1选项
A.fascination
B.incentive
C.provocation
D.temptation
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词辨析。

fascination意为“魅力，着迷”；incentive意为“激励，刺激，鼓励”；provocation意为“挑衅，挑拨”；temptation意为“诱惑，引诱”。

句意：你不能指望人们努力工作，除非你给他们一些激励。

14.
单选题
David likes country life and has decided to （）farming.
问题1选项
A.go in for
B.go through with
C.go back on
D.go along with
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。

go in for意为“从事，喜欢”；go through with意为“完成，把……进行到底”；go back on意为“违背，背弃”；go along with意为“赞同，接受，服从”。

句意：大卫喜欢乡村生活，并决定从事耕作。

15.
单选题
As many of the articles in this issue of The McKinsey Quarterly demonstrate, companies in the developed world are outsourcing（资源外置）ever larger portions of their business to low-cost, highly skilled workers in the developing world. Driving this trend is the remarkable ability of the global workforce to learn on the job.
In fact, the relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike. Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social, political, and intellectual development of these and all other societies; however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong. We are fortunate that it is, because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations. The research of the McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) during the past decade has consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.
MGI has found ample evidence in the developing world to support this conclusion. In Brazil, for example, the two leading private retail banks are locally owned and staffed but achieve
near-global levels of best-practice productivity. A Honda factory in Brazil performs almost
as well as the company’s Japanese and US plants. In t he same country, the French hypermarket chain Carrefour achieves about 90 percent of the productivity that it achieves at home. What is the real relationship between education and economic development? I have begun to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don't force it. After all, that's how education got started. When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn't have time for education. They didn't have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food. Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.
As education improved, humanity's productivity potential increased as well. When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education. This increasingly high level of education is probably a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance. Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education. A lack of formal education, however, doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world’s workforc e to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future. On the contrary, constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn't developing more quickly there than it is.
1.We can conclude from the second paragraph that in poor countries （）.
2.According to the last paragraph, the economic growth is needed
（）.
3.According to the text, education got started（）.
问题1选项
A.progress in education is necessary for the political development
B.the importance of education has been overestimated
C.the poor education results in the low standards of living
D.the traditional view about education is groundless
问题2选项
A.before education can progress
B.before a political system can operate
C.in poor countries to escape poverty
D.to adapt to the competitive environment
问题3选项
A.when the government forced people to study
B.when our ancestors had enough time
C.when our ancestors were no longer physically hungry
D.before our ancestors found better ways to get food
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:D
第3题:D
【解析】1.细节事实题。

由文章第二段中的however, the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong（然而，在贫穷国家教育应该是最优先促进经济快速发展的观点是错误的）可知B选项“教育的重要性被高估了”符合题意。

2.推理判断题。

由最后一段中的When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential, they could in turn afford more education... A lack of formal education, however, doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world's workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future.（当竞争环境推动我们的祖先实现这一潜力时，他们又能提供更多的教育……然而，缺乏正规教育并不会限制发展中国家劳动力在可预见的未来大幅度提高生产力的能力）可知经济的增长需要适应竞争环境，因此选D。

3.细节事实题。

文章第四段的内容为：教育与经济发展的真正关系是什么？我开始怀疑持续的经济增长会促进教育的发展，即使政府不强制教育。

毕竟，教育就是这样开始的。

当我们的祖先一万年前是猎人和采集者时，他们没有时间接受教育。

可知教育开始在我们的祖先找到更好的食物的方法之前，因此选D。