“谈论未来活动”（Talkingaboutfutureactivities）

“谈论未来活动”（Talkingaboutfutureactivities）
如何谈论未来活动或计划（How to talk about future activities or plans）
安徽省宣城市八中夏经旺
谈论未来活动或计划是常见的话题。

表达法有很多。

现在我从以下几点谈谈。

I. 用动词表达:①want, need, hope ,wish, expect, decide, dream , plan (to do sth.)等。

e.g. I want to travel around China. I need to buy a computer.
I hope to work in Shanghai. I wish to study in the USA.
We expect to see you soon. I decided to go fishing this afternoon.
I dream to be a scientist. I plan to take a relaxing vacation in Qingdao.
②want, wish, expect( sb.to do sth.)等。

e.g. I want you to go shopping with me. I wish you to go to college in 5 years.
I expect you to visit me .
But we can’t say I hope you to visit me.
③hope ,wish, expect, dr eam (that 宾语从句)等。

注意:hope 比wish 实现的可能性更大。

wish 常用于虚拟语气。

e.g. I hope (that)I can go to college.==I hope to go to college.
I wish I could travel in space.
I expect I can see you soon.
I dream (that) I could be a pop singer.
比较:I hope you can go to college.=/=I hope you to go to college.
I wish you could travel in space.
I expect you can visit me soon.
I dream (that) you could be a pop singer.
II. 用动词will, shall, may (do sth.)表达:
E.g. We’ll have a school sports meeting next month.
There will be a school sports meeting next month.
What will happen in 100 years?
What shall we do? Where /When shall we meet?
There may be a heavy rain tomorrow.
Shall I/we/he go shopping?
III. 用动词短语表达:
make a decision , make up one’s mind , make a resolution (to do sth.)
e.g. Liu Yu made a decision to practice running.
I made up my mind to learn English well.
I’ve made some New Year’s resolutions.
IV. 用be going to do sth. ,be (about) to do sth.,be V-ing表达
e.g. I’m going to volunteer to work at a local hospital.
I’m about to visit my best friend in Xuancheng, Anhui.
I’m leaving nex t month.
I’m going hiking in the mountains.
I’m babysitting my youngest cousin .
I’m coming.
There’s going to be a school sports meeting next month.
V. 用其它动词短语表达; can’t wait (to) ,be expected (to),b e supposed (to),would like/love (sb.)to do sth., but: look forward to doing sth.(盼望,期盼)
e.g. I can’t wait to go sightseeing in Hong Kong.
You are expected/supposed to meet at the train station.
I’d like/love to have a party this Sunday.(==I want to…)
I look forward to seeing you soon.== I expect/hope to see you soon.
特别说明:
①be going to与will近意.但be going to强调计划和打算,基本确定要做。

另外,它更强调主观意见。

而will则倾向于可能性,强调客观性。

试比较: I think it’s going to rain tonight./ The radio says it will rain tonight.
②在英国,人们倾向于用be going to结构,而在美国,人们更喜欢be V-ing结构。

因此I’m spending time with my friends for vacation.==I’m going to spend time with my friends for vacation.==I’ll spend time with my friends for vacation.
③在英国,人们倾向于将延续性动词(如stay, work, study, live, travel等)用be going to结构,而将瞬间(非延续性)动词(如come, go, leave ,die, start, begin, finish等)用be V-ing结构表示计划。

而在美国,人们更喜欢be V-ing结构,即无论延续性动词还是瞬间(非延续性)动词。

试翻译:1. 下周我要去北京。

2. 我打算在那儿呆一周。

二、谈论未来的活动动词表达法有讲究，同样，表达未来活动或计划的句式也有讲究，在这里我为你们整理了一些最常见的句型及其用法。

I．“陈述句”类句型
试翻译A） 1. I want to travel around China.
2. We’ll have a school sports meeting next month.
3. She is leaving for Shenzhen next week.
4. I’m going to be a professional basketball player.
B）1. 他明天准备去看他哥哥。

2. 他们计划周游世界。

3. 我就来。

4. 我一到北京就打电话给你。

II．“特殊疑问句”类句型:试填特殊疑问词!
1. _______ are we going to do next Sunday?
2. ________ are you doing for vacation?
3. _________ is she going to buy a new house?
4. __________are we going to get there?
5. __________ are you going there?
6. ___________climbing up the mountain tomorrow? 7．___________ shall we meet?
三.谈论未来活动或计划的时态观
大家都知道，英语动词有时态的变化。

从以上分析可知,我们可用一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时态谈论未来活动或计划. 另外,表示将来才会发生的动作或存在的状态时，大多和表示将来意义的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow, next week, in 2008等等。

1. ①用want, hope ,wish, expect, decide, dream , plan (to do sth.)等动词时,用一般现在时可以表示未来活动或计划。

E.g. I want to travel around China. I need to buy a computer.
I hope to work in Shanghai. I wish to study in the USA.
②另外,情态动词也可以表示未来活动或计划。

E.g. I can /may/need/should go to college.
③祈使句也可以表示未来活动或计划。

e.g. Let’s go swimming. Don’t give up learning English.
Remember to turn off the computer when you leave the room.
④在if/when/as soon as 等条件或时间状语从句中,有“主将从一般（现在时）”的时态特点。

这可是重点考点哦!
E.g. I’ll call you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
If you go to the party ,you will have a great time.
2. 一般将来时的构成比较简单，多由助动词will或shall加动词原形构成，will通常可以和所有的人称代词连用，而shall通常只能用于I或we作主语的句子中:
①I will / shall see a doctor this afternoon.
②Jenny will take a vacation in Hong Kong.
3. 如果表示计划或安排的动作，多用“be going to+动词原形”，表示将来意义。

在这种情况下，可以用时间状语，也可以不用。

例如：
① He's going to visit the Great Wall.
② We're going to have a sports camp in the countr yside during our summer vacation.
4. 除此之外，在口语中，一部分动词的现在进行时也可以用于表达将来意义，表示主语计划将要做的事情。

但这种动词通常是瞬间性动词，且主语通常也是指人。

试翻译:①Wait a minute, your mother is coming.
②They're leaving for London next month. ③你们要飞往美国吗？
四.小试牛刀
I.交流空间:请大家完成下面的对话练习
A：We are going to have a long holiday, ____________?
B: Oh! I’m going to shanghai.
A: Shanghai? _________________?
B: My grandparents live there .I’m g oing to visit them.
A：_______________？
B: No. They have to work here.
A: So you’re going there alone.__________? By train?
B: No. I’ll take the plane. My grandparents will meet me at the airport.
A: Sounds great! Then_____________?
B: About two weeks, I’m not sure.
A: Well, have a great time!
B: Thank you!
从下列句子中选择正确的答案填入横线中。

1、How long are you staying there ？
2、How are you going there?
3、Are you going there by plane?
4、What are you doing there?
5、Where are you going?
6、Who’s going with you?
7、Are you going there with your parents?
II. Fill or Choose
1.What’s you p for this term.
2. A: What you ?
B: I am b my sister.
3. A: What is he doing for vacation?
B: He is (hike).
4. I plan abroad.
A. go
B. going
C. to go
5. Tom with his parents going to Hawaii
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
.III. 中考零距离
1. ----What are they doing this summer?
----They ____ Beijing . (07年河北)
A. visit
B. visiting C to visit D. are visiting
2. We’re ____ camping this Saturday. （06年陕西）
A. doing
B. going
C. spending
D. visiting
3. She’s going to Japan ____Friday afternoon.（06年江西）
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. for
4. are you going? ——Next week(07年山东)
A. How long
B. What
C. When
D. How
5 ____ is she going with?（05年云南）
A. How
B. What C .Who D. When
五. 练笔试以My Dream , Ne w Year’s resolutions, I’m going to be …,My Plan for Summer Vacation为题进行写作。

示例写作
你班将组织同学出去郊游，作为班长，请你将郊游的有关事项通知给大家。

包括时间、地点、交通工具、活动内容、注意事项等。

首先，郊游是即将发生的事情，我们可以用谈论未来活动或计划的表达法来完成这篇作文。

介绍需要用到句型有：
时间：We are going there on Saturday morning. We are meeting at 6:00 am at the school gate. 地点：We are going to Jingting Mountains for a school trip.
交通工具：We are going there by bus.
活动内容We are going to climb mountains, playing games…
注意事项Please bring your lunch and water. Don’t forget to bring sports shoes.
Do remember to be there on time.
最后串起来，就是一篇很好的作文了。

范文：Boys and girls, I have something to tell you. We are
going to Jingting Mountains this Saturday for a trip. We are meeting at 6:00 am at the school gate, and then we are going there by bus. We are going to climb the mountains, playing games and camping there. So please bring some water and clothes. And don’t forget to wear your sports shoes. I hope we will have a good time there. Thank you.
其它练习参考答案:
I.交流空间: 54721
II. Fill or Choose :1. plan, 2. are ,doing, babysitting 3. going hiking 4. C 5. A
III. 中考零距离: DＢAＣC。