2017高考英语二轮复习专题7阅读理解_11

类型8| 社会生活
考查要点方法技巧
1.社会生活中所遇到的各种机遇和挑
战。

2．迎接机遇或挑战的观点和态度。

3．处理或解决问题的方式方法。

4．人们工作、生活、社交的方式及其影
响。

1.明确文章的体裁，把握文章的结构。

2．运用归纳概括等方法得出文章的主题。

3．明确事情的前因后果，找出问题的解决办
法。

4．抓住诸多细节，推知文章的寓意。

(2016·全国乙卷·B)
Grandparents Answer a Call
As a third­generation native of Brownsville，Texas，Mildred Garza never planned to move when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children，she politely after a year of friendly discussion did finally say was four years all three generations regard the move as a success，giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.
No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and there is evidence suggesting that the trend is President O bama's mother­in­law，Marian Robinson，has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her to a study by ，83 percent of the people said 's decision will influence grandparents in the American ­thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family.
“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own，”says Christine Crosby，publisher of Grand，a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them，especially when you're raising children.”
Moving is not for every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices，but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently your grandchildren far away is hard，especially knowing your adult child is struggling，but giving up the life you know may be harder.
25．Why was Garza's move a success?
A．It strengthened her family ties.
B．It improved her living conditions.
C．It enabled her to make more friends.
D．It helped her know more new places.
26．What was the reaction of the public to 's decision?
A．17% expressed their support for it.
B．Few people responded sympathetically.
C．83% believed it had a bad influence.
D．The majority thought it was a trend.
27．What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?
A．They were unsure of themselves.
B．They were eager to raise more children.
C．They wanted to live away from their parents.
D．They had little respect for their grandparents.
28．What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?
A．Make decisions in the best interests of their own.
B．Ask their children to pay more visits to them.
C．Sacrifice for their struggling children.
D．Get to know themselves better.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。

主要论述了祖父母接到后代与他们同住的邀请后该如何做出选择。

长难句解读：Having your grandchildren far away is hard，especially knowing your adult child is struggling，but giving up the life you know may be harder.
分析：本句为并列句。

but前的第一个分句中，Having your grandchildren far away 为动名词短语作主语，especially knowing your adult child is struggling为现在分词短语作状语；but后的第二个分句中，giving up the life为动名词短语作主语，you know 为定语从句修饰其前的the life。

翻译：与孩子们距离远是痛苦的，尤其是知道你的成年子女生活艰难，但是放弃你熟悉的生活可能更艰难。

25．A[细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“...giving them a closer relationship...”可知，Garza搬去和晚辈同住后，他们的关系更亲密了，这与A项的表述“这加强了她的家庭关系”相吻合，故选A项。

]
26．D[推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Two­thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama's family.”可知，三分之二的人认为更多的家庭将效仿奥巴马的家庭，由此可知它将成为一种趋势，故选D项。

]
27．C[细节理解题。

根据第三段的第一句“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn't get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own...”可知，在20世纪60年代，人们都有点儿狂野，急于“远走高飞”来证明自己的能力，这与C项的表述“他们想远离父母生活”相吻合，故选C项。

] 28．A[推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“Moving is not for everyone.”以及“it is wiser to say no and visit frequently”可知，作者建议老年人从自己的利益出发，做出选择，故选A项。

]
A
(2016·长春市普通高中质量监测)
One of the biggest social issues in Japan is the increasingly low marriage rates among young people and the low birth rates，which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎缩) young Japanese women simply don't seem interested in having many children.
Now what began in Japan is happening David Brooks wrote，birth rates are becoming lower in much of the world，from Iran— births per woman—to Russian，where low birth rates connected with high death rates mean the population is already this includes the US，which has long had higher birth rates than most developed countries will face the burden of caring for large elderly populations without a larger resource of young workers.
It's true that global aging is going to present some major will take care of the elderly? Will an older world be less active and slower to change and adapt？It's all I worry about a coming generational war over resources，just as I worry about how I will take care of my own parents in their old age，just as I worry about who might take care of me.
But here's the thing：an older world may have less pressure on the we all know，the environment is the real victim of overpopulation.
So maybe a world that grows slower and grows older will put less pressure on the environment，and buy us a few more years to ensure our energy use，along with our birth rates，reaches a sustainable(可持续的) all，we're supposed to get smarter as we get that holds true for the planet as well.
本文是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了全球老龄化带来的挑战，也指出了老龄化社会有利的方面。

1．The population issue in Japan is mentioned to ．
A．show young people's preference for marriage
B．introduce the topic of global birth rates' becoming lower
C．indicate the deeper cause of Japan's depression
D．emphasize the revolution of Japanese women
B[细节理解题。

文章开头提及日本人口出生率低是为了引出全球人口出生率低、老龄化问题。

第二段的第一句“Now what began in Japan is happening globally.”也是提示。

故选B。

]
2．Which will be caused by low birth rates according to the passage?
A．Aging society.
B．Environmental problems.
C．High death rates.
D．Low employment rates.
A[细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“One of the biggest social issues in Japan is...and the low birth rates，which lead to an aging and eventually shrinking(萎缩)population.”可知，人口出生率低会导致老龄化社会。

故选A。

]
3．What's the author's attitude to the worldwide birth rates' becoming lower?
A．Anxious. B．Disappointed.
C．Hopeful. D．Doubtful.
C[观点态度题。

根据文章的最后两段可知，老龄化社会也有有利的方面，如减少环境压力、保障能源供应等。

故选C。

]
【导学号：】
B
(2016·南昌市第一次模拟)
The World Health Organization(WHO)said that processed meat may be carcinogenic (致癌的)．Do you still dare eat cancer­linked processed meat? Here are some comments on the website.
Bill (Australia) I'd rather live a short，pleasant life than a long，unhappy one，denying (拒绝给予) myself tasty food just because some experts say it's not should all enjoy the life we have—if I had listened to every piece of health advice I would never go anywhere，eat anything or enjoy life in any ，I won't change my am going to have a bacon sandwich，glass of wine，burger，can of coke whenever I feel like them.
Tim (America) Is meat really as bad as smoking? I don't think to the WHO 34，
000 people die worldwide per year because they eat processed 2012， million people died of cancer means if you eat a lot of processed meat you have a chance of being among the percent of people dying of cancer because of processed 'll take the chance.
Helen (Switzerland) The WHO doesn't say that just one bite of meat causes cancer，but it is rather saying that people should vary their who eat more meat often have other unhealthy usually eat fewer fruits and vegetables and they also often exercise less.
Van (China) Perhaps this report will make people consider becoming vegetarians (素食者)．So for your health，the environment and future generations，it is not difficult; it just needs a change of is a vast variety of other delicious food available to enjoy.
本文主要介绍了一些网民对于世界卫生组织公布的食用加工肉制品可能致癌的这一信息的个人看法。

4．What if Bill has to change his habit?
A．He'll feel unhappy.
B．He'll live a pleasant life.
C．He'll go on a diet.
D．He'll become a vegetarian.
A[推理判断题。

根据第二段的第一句“I'd rather live a short，pleasant life than a long，unhappy one，denying(拒绝给予)myself tasty food just because some experts say it's not healthy.”可推知，Bill如果改变目前的饮食习惯，他会不开心的。

] 5．What does Tim think about eating processed meat?
A．Too risky.
B．Fairly safe.
C．Popular worldwide.
D．Very unhealthy.
B[推理判断题。

根据第三段的“Is meat really as bad as smoking？I don't think so.”和“That means if you eat a lot of processed meat you have a chance of being among the percent of people dying of cancer because of processed 'll take the chance.”可知，Tim认为吃加工肉制品并不是什么要命的事儿，还是比较安全的。

] 6．What may be Helen's response to WHO's warning?
A．Caring little about it.
B．Eating whatever she likes.
C．Varying the diet and doing more exercise.
D．Taking a diet without meat.
C[细节理解题。

根据第四段的“...it is rather saying that people should vary their who eat more meat often have other unhealthy usually eat fewer fruits and vegetables and they also often exercise less.”可知，Helen对WHO的警告的回应应该是饮食多样化并多锻炼身体。

]
C
(2016·福建省五校统一考试)
Vacation is a time for work，we are often called to ，it's good to give our brains a a break，we may not be able to perform up to our can be a problem，not only for the employee，but for the employer as well.
“The main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized，”says Weaver.“If they haven't had a break，then they're not coming back with new haven't had a chance to step back and get perspective(客观判断力)，and come back with renewed enthusiasm.”
Long working hours without a break，insecurity(无保障) about one's job，and other work­related worries can lead to burnout and can usually adapt to pressure，but not for a limitless amount of time.
“It is a problem of relating good workers and having them loyal to the firm while they're there，” says David Maume，PhD，professor of sociology at the University of says burnout can also affect employees' productivity，creativity，and effectiveness.
In addition, high levels of stress are likely to be precursors (前兆) to depression，which can hit both the employer and employee's people who manage to remain productive at work can have they're always at work，then they're not with their family and they're working while on vacation，for the time that they're on the job，they're not really present.
An unbalanced emphasis on work can strain family and social you come up for air，you may see that you're alone，or that your relationships have gone on without you.
员工的休假是必需的。

休假可以使员工恢复体力和脑力，从而提高工作效率；如果没有休假，员工会产生焦虑、担心、心不在焉等不良情绪。

7．The underlined word“there”in the fourth paragraph probably refers to ．
A．the vacation B．the company
C．the university D．the home
B[指代判断题。

根据第四段第一句中的“It is a problem of relating good workers and having them loyal to the firm while they're there”可知，当员工在公司工作时，使优秀的员工忠诚于公司便成了问题；据此可以判断，句中的“there”指代“firm”，B 项意为“公司”，和“firm”为同义词，故B项正确。

A项意为“假期”，C项意为“大学”，D项意为“家”，都与语境不符。

]
8．What's the main benefit of vacation?
A．The workers can come back with new energy.
B．The workers can step back and get more excited.
C．The manager can be more creative.
D．The workers can adapt to pressure much better.
A[细节理解题。

根据第二段第一句中的“‘The main benefit of vacation is for the workers to come back energized’”可知，休完假后员工会充满活力，故A项正确。

] 9．When a worker is always at work，he is likely to get more and more ．A．energetic B．absent­minded
C．skillful D．active
B[细节理解题。

根据第三段的第一句“Long working hours without a break，insecurity(无保障)about one's job，and other work­related worries can lead to burnout and stress.”可知，长时间工作，不休息，会使得员工精疲力尽、压力过大；据此可以判断，如果员工长时间工作而没有休息，他可能会心不在焉，故B项正确。

A项意为“精力充沛的”，C项意为“熟练的”，D项意为“活跃的”，都与语境不符。

] 10．Which of the following is the best title of the text?
A．Why the workers need vacation
B．How to spend the vacation effectively
C．How to deal with the daily pressure
D．Why the workers need new energy
A[标题判断题。

通读全文可知，本文的主题段是第一段；根据该段的第一句“Vacation is a time for refre shment.”和第四句“Without a break，we may not be able to perform up to our potential.”可知，本文主要介绍员工需要休假的原因，故A项最适合作本文标题。

B项在文中未提及；C项与文意无关；D项仅为文章细节之一。

]。