2020-2021学年邯郸市成安县第一中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案解析

2020-2021学年邯郸市成安县第一中学高三英语期中考试试题及答案
解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
Obesity (肥胖症) is becoming a problem in our busy society, and almost one in three American adults is now considered to be obese. Children obesity is alsoat an all-time high.
Obesity means being very overweight. If you are obese, you have too much bodyfat. If you eat more food than your body can use, this will make you put on weight. Food that your body does not need will be stored as fat by your body.
The following are the major factors that increase the risk of obesity.
What you eat plays a major role in weight gain. Eating a lot of fast food such as hamburgers, sweet drinks, ice creams and other sweet food can increase the risk of becoming obese.
If you do not do enough exercise, you will put on weight as the food you eat is not being used to make energy for physical activities.
The chances of you being obese are greater if your parents are obese.
There are many psychological factors that cause people to eat too much. People who are worried, unhappy or bored will often eat to make themselves feel better. This is known as comfort eating.
Age is another factor, as you tend (趋于) to be less active when you get older. When you get older, you need to eat less, and if you do not eat less, you will put on weight. Obesity can cause many health problems such as heart problems, high blood pressure and many other serious medical conditions.
1. The underlined sentence in paragraph 1 means that ____.
A. obesity does not do harm to health.
B. there are more obese children than before.
C. all the American children are obese.
D. there are less obese children in the USA.
2. According to the passage, there are ____ major factors that increase the risk of obesity.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
3. What will the writer most probably talk about after the last paragraph?
A. How to avoid obesity.
B. How to live in the busy USA.
C. What illnesses are caused by obesity.
D. How doctors treat heart problems.
B
Volunteer Day
What better way is there to enjoy your own hobbies while helping others at the same time? Come to Volunteer Day and choose which activity you’d like to join for the day. See below for a schedule of events on Volunteer Day.
Volunteer Day schedule:
7:30am.: Meet at the Community (社区) Center for juice and bagels.
8:00—8:30 a.m.: Choose which activity you’d like to help with for the day.
8:30 a.m.: Board the bus to your activity site.
9:00 a.m.—3:30 p.m.: Work as a volunteer.
3:30 p.m.: Board the bus that will take you back to the Community Center.
See below for a list of volunteer opportunities for Volunteer Day so you can begin thinking about which activity you might want to join.
A list of volunteer activities:
Paint houses: Do you enjoy making art? If so, this volunteer opportunity might be just right for you! Happy Homes is a local organization that provides home repairs for needy people in the form of painting. For elderly or physically disabled people who cannot do repairs to their homes, Happy Homes provides volunteer painters to repaint old homes; outside or in. Happy Homes also provides painters to create beautiful wall paintings inside schools or community centers.
Plant flowers: Do you enjoy being outside in nature? City Parks Association has many great opportunities for people who love to be outdoors. Help plant flowers and bushes in city parks; help lay paths at Cave Springs Park, or help pick up rubbish around the river banks. These activities are very active, so remember to be prepared with plenty of drinking water!
Read to children: Do you enjoy working with young children? Do you like books? Love and Learning is an organization that provides volunteers to help children with learning disabilities. Read books out loud to groups of children four to six years old, or read one-on-one with struggling readers seven to eight years old.
Play with animals: Do you love animals? Lovely Friends is an organization that visits local animal shelters and provides volunteers to spend time with the animals while their cages are being cleaned. Play with puppies, snuggle with cats, or hand-feed rabbits.
4. At what time do volunteers leave for their activity sites?
A. 7:30 a.m..
B. 8:00 a.m.
C. 8:30 a.m.
D. 9:00 a.m.
5. An outdoor lover probably takes part in ______.
A. Plant flowers
B. Paint houses
C. Read to children
D. Play with animals
6. What do Lovely Friends volunteers do?
A. Read books to children.
B. Spend time with animals.
C. Help plant bushes in parks.
D. Pick up garbage along the river.
7. The purpose of the passage is to _________.
A. educate children
B. attract volunteers
C. comfort the elderly
D. encourage the disabled
C
Global food demand will double by 2050, according to a new projection, and the farming techniques used to meet that unprecedented(空前的) demand will significantly determine how severe the impact is on the environment, researchers said.
The study researchers warned that meeting the demand for food would clear more land, increase nitrogen(氮) use and significantly add to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions.
“Agriculture’s greenhouse gas emissions could double by2050 if current trends in global food production continue,” study researcher David Tilman, of theUniversityofMinnesota, said in a statement. “This would be a major problem, since global agriculture already accounts for a third of all greenhouse gas emissions.”
The researchers studied various ways in which the increasing food demand could be mentioned. They found that the most environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach would be for more food producers to adopt the nitrogen-efficient “intensive” farming method, which involves the heavy use of labor and the production of more crops per acre.
This approach was shown to be more effective than the “extensive” farming currently practiced by many poor nations, a method that includes clearing more new land to produce more food.
Different farming methods produce significantly different yields, the researchers found — in 2005, the crop yields for the wealthiest nations were more than 300 percent higher than what the poorest nations produced.
According to their analysis of the effects of extensive farming, if poorer nations continue using this method, by 2050theywill have cleared an area larger than theUnited States, about 2.5 billion acres. However, if wealthy nations help poorer nations to improve food yields by incorporating(吸收) intensive farming practices, that number could be reduced to half a billion acres.
The researchers stress that the environmental effects of meeting future food demand depend on how global agriculture expands and develops.
“Our analyses show that we cansave most of the Earth’s remaining ecosystems by helping the poorer nations of the world feed themselves,” Tilman said.
8. What is the best title of this passage?
A. The World Will Need Double Food by 2050
B. Man Will Face the Risk of Lacking Food in the Future
C. Future Farmers Hold Environment’s Fate in Their Hands
D. Different Farming Methods Produce Significantly Different Yields
9. The character of the extensive farming is ________.
A. very cost-effective
B. to produce more crops per acre
C. at cost of more new land to produce more food
D. very environmentally friendly
10. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A. poorer nations mainly use the intensive farming
B. wealthy nations mainly use the extensive farming
C. the intensive farming needs less food producers
D. the extensive farming has a worse effect on ecosystems
11. According to the passage, the underlined word “they” in the 7th paragraph refers to “________”.
A. poorer nations
B. the effects of extensive farming
C. wealthy nations
D.future food demand
D
If you believe in thermometers (温度计), you should believe in global warming. And if you believe in eating French fries with your hamburger, you should worry more about carbonemission.
It won't happen overnight, but as the planet’s climate changes, the growth cycles of main crops will all be heavily affected. Here are three of the crops that might not beat the heat.
The potato actually needs a great deal of beauty rest to develop properly. “They need a cool nighttime temperature in order to start growing the tuber, the part that we eat,” Nelson says.
Temperature and altitude are two primary concerns in coffee growth, and farmers are stuck between a rock and a hard place. “We know that coffee grows in a certain temperature range,” Nelson says. “They've been moving up the mountains, but at some point you run out of mountains to move up.” Higher-grade strains of Arabica coffee in Central American regions are at particular risk due to the need for lower growing temperature, especially since diseases and pests are also becoming more of a factor as temperatures rise.
Even if you're looking at the direct effects of temperature alone, rice is in trouble. “As nighttime temperatures go up, the rice is going to have a problem flowering and won't make as many seeds,” Nelson says. In addition to this direct heat consequence, rising sea levels will flood many rice paddies and destroy water salinity levels, while droughts will lower production, raise prices, and further shame westerners who are clumsy with chopsticks to be able to clear their plates once a new grain is adopted.
12. What is the closest meaning to the underlined word “emission” in Paragraph 1?
A. Mixture.
B. Pollution.
C. Giving off.
D. Going down.
13. What does the potatoes' development need according to Nelson?
A. Cool temperature at night.
B. Sudden rise of the temperature.
C. Enough water and salt.
D. Much sunshine and fresh air.
14. The rice is difficult to flower,probably because ________.
A. sea levels go up suddenly
B. many seeds can't be produced
C. the temperature rises at night
D. both temperature and altitude rise
15. What is the best title for the text?
A. How Does Global Warming Affect Westerners
B. How Does the Cool Temperature Affect Rice
C. What Is the Real Reason For Crops’ Growth
D. Three Crops That Won't Survive Climate Changes
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项The factors that cause youth unemployment often differ among regions and labor systems.____16____Since firing full-time workers is so complicated and expensive, employers are unwilling to take on new staff, while people who are already employed, mainly older workers, often keep their jobs for life. In developing countries with high birthrates and very young populations, like the Philippines, growth isn’t strong enough to absorb the wave of youngsters entering the workforce each year.____17____Young people entering the workforce are often the most vulnerable（易受伤害的）in economic downturns — new employees are often the first to get sacked, while college graduates find few employers willing to hire.
___18___In Spain, Italy and Japan, for instance, companies looking to gain flexibility in regulated labor markets often offer new, young staffers only short-term contracts. These contracts, which sometimes last for only a few days, usually come with low salaries and few benefits. Since such staff is temporary, employers have little intention to invest in training.
Facing such obstacles, young people everywhere are finding that traditional route to success — education — isn’t paying off as much as in the past.____19____They will often be offered low-skilled jobs from waiters to supermarket clerks. A March report form the UK’s Office for National Statistics showed that the share of recent college graduates in Britain working in lower-skilled jobs rose to nearly 35% in 2011 form less than 27% a decade earlier.____20____Typical is Cairo’s Ahmed Said. He graduated from college with a business degree, and after performing the obligatory（义务的）year of military service, he applied for jobs in accounting and data entry. But Said, 24, had no luck, and today he works as a waiter at a cafe near Tahrir Square. “This was my last choice,” he says, “and this is the job that I got.”
A. Young graduates often find themselves competing with more-experienced workers.
B. More and more college graduates are forced to take jobs below their skill level.
C. They started applying for any positions they could find in other countries.
D. In some parts of the world, such jobs are all that is available to college graduates.
E. Yet youth unemployment also has common roots throughout the world.
F. Those young workers who do find employment are often trapped in awful contracts.
G. In much of Western Europe overemphasized labor protection makes it more difficult for youths to land good jobs.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项After a tornado touched down in a small town nearby, all the local newspapers carried many stories on families who suffered the hardest. A particular photo especially___21___me. A young woman stood in front of a___22___mobile home, together with a young boy and a tiny girl standing before the ruins, eyes wide with___23___and fear. This would be a good___24___to teach my children to help those less___25___than themselves.
I held the___26___to my seven-year-old twins, Brad and Breit, and to three-year-old Meghan. “These___27___people now have nothing,” I said, “We are___28___to share what we have with them”. I brought three large boxes and asked the boys to___29___some of their less favorite things. The boys____30____the toys they had chosen into one of the boxes____31____I filled the third box with clothes. Meghan____32____quietly and then walked up with Lucy, her____33____but much-loved doll hugged tightly to her____34____“Oh , honey,”
I said, “You love her so much.” “Lucy makes me happy. Maybe she'll make that____35____girl happy, too.” Having watched their baby sister, Brad brought one of his favorite action figures, and Bret____36____some of his prized match-box cars from his room.
Taking the cue from my little one, I____37____my old jacket from the box of clothes. I____38____it with the new green one bought last week. True____39____is giving what you cherish most. I, who had____40____to teach, had been taught.
21. A. puzzled B. excited C. touched D. disappointed
22. A. decorated B. protected C. repaired D. destroyed
23. A. confusion B. amazement C. delight D. excitement
24. A. experience B. event C. purpose D. chance
25. A. thankful B. confident C. hopeful D. lucky
26. A. story B. box C. picture D. clothes
27. A. poor B. wealthy C. unhealthy D. injured
28. A. warned B. expected C. ordered D. forced
29. A. take up B. take away C. give away D. give up
30. A. kicked B. placed C. stored D. slid
31. A. so B. since C. until D. while
32. A. slept B. spoke C. watched D. moved
33. A. valuable B. worn C. pretty D. broken
34. A. chest B. leg C. arm D. head
35. A. good B. little C. kind D. shy
36. A. hid B. borrowed C. fetched D. supplied
37. A. removed B. caught C. held D. left
38. A. compared B. changed C. added D. replaced
39. A. sharing B. belonging C. trust D. friendship
40. A. managed B. meant C. failed D. refused
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Do you have sleeping problems? If so, then these tips may help you fall asleep fast.
Set aside the thought that you have to fall asleep. The more you think of it, the___41.___( hard )you will fall asleep.
The foods you eat also play___42.___important part. Avoid eating or drinking things like chocolates, coffee, tea and energy drinks. If you have to, then have them in the morning and never in the afternoon,____43.____(especial) before going to bed. Don’t eat too much at night. A full stomach will make it more difficult for you___44.___（fall）asleep because your body is working more time to digest the food you ate.
Make a fixed time to go to bed. For example, by 9 o’clock in the evening you should already be___45.___bed. Do this even if you’re not sleepy yet. Once____46.____(follow) this routine, you will gradually see that you will feel sleepy when it’s 9 o’clock in the evening.
Make your room___47.___(comfort) for sleeping. You should also take notes that the sleeping environment also____48.____(affect) your sleep. It must be in the room___49.___it’s not noisy. Otherwise, you will find___50.___difficult to fall asleep again after waking up.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Many people like to go shopping. My mom is no different. She likes to buy shoe. Once, my mother told me to go shopping with her, and so I do. However, after I got home, I made a decide that I would not go shopping with her some more. She always spends long time on window shopping. When I go shopping, I always rapid buy the things I want to. That doesn’t take her a lot of time. Some people shop not only to buy things, and also to look at things, which is call window shopping.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.假设你是晨光中学的李津，将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。

请撰写一份演讲稿，要点如下：
1．目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞等问题；
2．骑自行车的益处，如节能环保、有利健康等。

参考词汇：低碳生活(low-carbon life)；节能的(energy saving)
注意：1．词数：不少于100；2．演讲稿开头和结尾已给出，该部分不计入总词数。

Good morning, everyone,
I’m Li Jin, a student from Chenguang Middle School. I am honored to
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________
Thank you.
参考答案
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. C
5. A
6. B
7. B
8. C 9. C 10. D 11. A
12. C 13. A 14. C 15. D
16. G 17. E 18. F 19. B 20. D
21. C 22. D 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. A 40. B
41. harder
42. an 43. especially
44. to fall
45. in 46. following
47. comfortable
48. affects
49. where 50. it
51.(1). shoe→shoes
(2). do→did
(3). decide→decision
(4). some→any
(5). long前面加a
(6). rapid→rapidly
(7). 去掉to
(8). her→me
(9). and→but
(10). call→called
52.略。