最新 八年级英语下册阅读理解过关测试经典

最新八年级英语下册阅读理解过关测试经典
一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
Sara was sitting in the kitchen going over the party list with her mother. The exams were over and Sara wanted to invite her friends for a party and have fun.
"Sara, aren't you going to invite Ada?" her mother asked. Ada had been her best friend since childhood.
"Mother, you know I am now a member of Purple Girls Club and we have some rules about people we can be friends with." Sara answered in a low voice.
"Really? And what are the rules?" her mother asked in surprise.
"Well, only very pretty girls can be part of our group. And Ada is so...you know...dark."
"I can't believe it." her mother said angrily.
As Sara left the kitchen, her father called her from the living room. Sara went to her father and got nervous when she saw the exam report in his hands.
"Sara, what has happened to your grades? You have failed in math." her father said.
Sara had no answer. The truth was that the activities of Purple Girls Club left her with very little time for studies.
"Sara, it says that you can take part in supplementary exams. If your grades don't improve then, I'll cancel your trip to Spain in the coming holiday."
Sara went to her room and called Gina, the leader of Purple Girls Club.
"Gina, can you help me to complete my notes before the exams?"
Gina just said, "Exams? Who cares about exams?"
One by one, she called all her friends in the club but no one seemed to care or wanted to help her. Then Sara thought of Ada. She knew Ada would help her. She also knew Ada had been hurt by her, but Ada said, "If you need any help, just let me know. We can study together till your exams."
Next Monday, as the two friends entered the school together, Gina called out, "Sara, you know our club rules. You can't be friends with those who do not belong to our club."
"Gina, I have a new rule about friendship." Sara replied, "And I've decided to leave the club."（1）After Sara became a member of Purple Girls Club, she chose a friend according to a person's____________.
A. grades
B. looks
C. usual activities
D. favorite colors
（2）Sara became nervous after going to her father because____________.
A. she didn't do well in her exams
B. he didn't allow her to go to Spain
C. she had to leave Purple Girls Club
D. he asked her to improve her grades
（3）From the passage we know that Ada is ____________.
A. Silly.
B. Rude.
C. Kind.
D. Beautiful.
（4）Why did Sara leave the club at last? （请用约30-50个词回答）
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）Because the club members and Sara have different rules about friendship. The members only make friends with very pretty people. Also, When Sara failed in the exam, no one in the club wanted to help her except Ada. What's more, the club members don’t care about study and exams.
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了Sara参加了一个紫色女子俱乐部，这个俱乐部只接受漂亮的女孩子，因此Sara不再跟Ada做朋友，但是俱乐部还使得Sara没时间学习且俱乐部里没有人愿意帮助Sara，最后她决定退出这个俱乐部的故事。

（1）推理判断题。

根据第五段 only very pretty girls can be part of our group. 只有漂亮的女孩可以成为我们组的成员，可知紫色女子俱乐部选择朋友是根据一个人的外貌。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第八段 You have failed in math. 你数学考试失败了，可知Sara之所以紧张，是因为数学考得不好。

故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

根据倒数第三段 but Ada said, "If you need any help, just let me know. We can study together till your exams." 但是Ada说“如果你需要任何帮助就让我知道。

我们可以一起学习到你考试”，可知尽管Sara伤害过Ada，但是Ada还愿意帮助Sara学习，所以Ada是个善良的女孩子。

故选C。

（4）主观题。

通读全文可知，Sara决定退出女子俱乐部是因为她和这个俱乐部对于友谊的看法是不同的。

这个俱乐部只允许和漂亮的女孩子做朋友，但是但Sara数学考试失败的时候，俱乐部的朋友却没有人愿意帮助她，只有Ada愿意。

而且俱乐部的成员不在乎学习和成绩。

故答案为 Because the club members and Sara have different rules about friendship. The members only make friends with very pretty people. Also, When Sara failed in the exam, no one in the club wanted to help her except Ada. What's more, the club members don’t care about study and exams.
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

2．阅读理解
Imagine there is a bank that gives you $86,400 each morning. Every evening the bank deletes （删除） the part that you fail to use during the day. What would you do? Take out every cent, of course!
Each of us has such a bank. Its name is TIME. Every morning, time gives you 86,400 seconds.
Every day it opens a new account for you. Every night it burns the remains of the day. If you fail to use the day's savings, the lost is yours.
To realize the value of ONE YEAR, ask a student who failed in SSC Exam.
To realize the value of ONE MONTH, ask a mother who gave birth to a premature （早产的）baby.
To realize the value of ONE WEEK, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper. To realize the value of ONE HOUR, ask the lovers who are waiting to meet. To realize the value of ONE MINUTE, ask a person who missed the train.
To realize the value of ONE SECOND, ask a person who just avoided （避免） an accident.
Make good use of every moment that you have. Remember that time waits for no one. Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a gift. That's why it's called "The Present".
（1）If you want to ask a person who just avoided an accident, you can realize the value of .
A. one month
B. one week
C. one minute
D. one second
（2）If you want to realize the value of ONE WEEK, .
A. you can ask a student who failed in SSC Exam
B. you can ask the editor of a weekly newspaper
C. you can ask a person who missed the train
D. you can ask the lovers who are waiting to meet
（3）In this passage, the writer tries to tell us .
A. to value （珍视） friendship
B. to spend time with our family
C. to value our time
D. to know the difference of time units（单位）
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章通过银行做例子逐渐过渡到了时间，通过一年、一个
月、一周、一个小时和一秒钟来论述时间的价值，告诉我们要珍惜时间。

（1）细节理解题，根据 To realize the value of ONE SECOND, ask a person who just avoided （避免） an accident. 可知，问一个刚躲过事故的一个人，才会意识到一秒钟的价值，故答
案是D。

（2）细节理解题，根据To realize the value of ONE WEEK, ask the editor of a weekly newspaper. 可知，要想意识到一周的价值，应该去问一下周报的编辑，故答案是B。

（3）推理判断题，根据 Make good use of every moment that you have. Remember that time waits for no one. Yesterday is history. Tomorrow is a mystery. Today is a gift. That's why it's called "The Present". 可知，作者的写作意图是要告诉我们时间的珍贵，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题一般都可以
在文中找到答案，而推理判断题则需要根据关键的句子进行合理的推断和想象，最后得出
结论。

3．阅读理解
In your life, there are a lot of people around you. They are your relatives, neighbors, friends or classmates. Sometimes you get along well with them, but sometimes don't. What can you do when someone hurts you? Most people may be angry or even fight with him. But it's not a good idea. You'd better forget all this and forgive（宽恕，原谅） him.
Maybe it's not easy for you to do that, but it's possible. Please remember: Keep a good mood, and you will keep healthy. Staying angry with others, in fact, means letting others' mistakes treat yourself unfairly.
How can you forgive others?
First，think of something pleasant and try to get yourself happy.
Second, don't wait others to say sorry to you. If anyone hurts you，he won't say sorry to you. He may just want to hurt you or just don't see things the same way.
Third, try to see things in others' shoes. You can understand their minds better and make yourself a little happier.
At last, try to know yourself very well. Whose mistakes caused that，yours or others'? If it's our fault，try to say sorry to them. If it isn't，smile at the thing.
（1）This passage tells us _______.
A. to get along well with others
B. to say sorry to others bravely when we hurt them
C. not to hurt others
D. to forgive others when they hurt us
（2）Forgiving others is _______ according to the writer's opinion.
A. easy
B. foolish
C. possible
D. impossible
（3）The underlined sentence means "_______" in Chinese.
A. 尽力坚持自己的观点
B. 尽力让别人接受自己的观点
C. 尽量站在别人的立场上看问题
D. 尽量看到别人立场中的实质问题
（4）The writer gives us _______ ideas to forgive others.
A. three
B. four
C. five
D. six
（5）Forgetting others' mistakes and staying happy can make us _______.
A. sad
B. disappointed
C. upset
D. healthy
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】本文介绍别人伤害我们时要原谅他们，同时提出几点看法。

（1）主旨题。

根据本文介绍别人伤害我们时要原谅他们，同时提出几点看法可知，文章主
要告诉我们原谅伤害我们的人，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据Maybe it's not easy for you to do that, but it's possible 也许你不容易做到，但这是可能的，可知根据作者的观点，原谅他人是可能的，故划线部分的意思是试着从别人的角度看问题，故选C。

（3）词义猜测题。

根据You can understand their minds better and make yourself a little happier你可以更好地理解他们的想法，让自己更快乐，可知这是站在别人的角度看待问题，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据first，second，third和at last，可知作者给出4个意见，故选B。

（5）推理题。

根据 Keep a good mood, and you will keep healthy，保持好心情，你会保持健康，可知忘记别人的错误并保持快乐会让我们健康，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

4．阅读理解
Ali, who was working a long way from his home, wanted to send a letter to his wife, but he could neither read nor write, and he had to work all day, so he could only look for somebody to write his letter late at night. At last he found the house of a letter writer whose name was Nasreddin.
Nasreddin was already in bed. "It is late," he said. "What do you want?" "I want you to write a letter to my wife," said Ali. Nasreddin was not pleased. He thought for a few seconds and then said, "Has the letter got to go far? What does that matter?" answered Ali.
"Well. My writing is so strange that only I can read it, and if I have to travel a long way to read your letter to your wife, it will cost you a lot of money. "Ali went away quickly.
（1）Ali wanted to to his wife.
A. get something
B. have a letter written
C. bring a flower
D. say good-bye （2）At last he found the house of .
A. a buyer
B. a seller
C. an old man
D. a letter writer
（3）When Ali told Nasreddin what he wanted to do, Nasreddin was
A. not pleased
B. pleased
C. excited
D. angry
（4）Nasreddin said that his writing was .
A. easy for anyone to read
B. strange for anyone to read
C. too strange for anyone to write
D. difficult for anyone to read
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了阿里找人给妻子写信的故事。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Ali, who was working a long way from his home, wanted
to send a letter to his wife, 理解可知，阿里想给妻子写封信，故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句At last he found the house of a letter writer whose name was Nasreddin.理解可知，最后，阿里找到一个写信的人，故选D。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句Nasreddin was not pleased.理解可知，写信人很不高兴，故选A。

（4）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句My writing is so strange that only I can read it, 理解可知， Nasreddin的书信很奇怪，别人看不懂，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文属于故事类阅读，阅读时要通读文章，弄清楚文章的主旨大意。

答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词定位并查找信息，切勿凭感觉做题。

5．阅读理解
North American black bears are shy animals. They are fearful by nature, and will usually run away if they see or hear people. Because of this, it can be difficult for scientists to learn about these animals.
In order to study black bears, researchers from New Jersey, the US, catch bears and use drugs to help them go to sleep. Researchers then work out the size and the weight of the bears, take blood, to test for diseases, remove a tooth and take it to the lab to find out its age. From these studies, researchers want to find out how many bears live in New Jersey, how long they live, and how many babies they produce.
But in Minnesota, the US, researchers study bears that are completely awake. The bears know the researchers' voices and they are not afraid of the research team. With the help of a few grapes to keep the bears busy, researchers can touch them to check their hearts, look at their teeth, and do other jobs. Researchers can also walk or sit with bears for hours and make videos to learn about their everyday lives."
In both places, the main purpose is the same—to make sure there is a healthy population of black bears. But the research methods and the kinds of information that researchers are able to collect are quite different.
（1）In the first paragraph, we can learn that North American black bears are __________.
A. shy and fearful animals
B. not found today
C. well known to scientists
D. not afraid of people
（2）The word "remove" in the second paragraph probably means in Chinese.
A. 拔下
B. 移植
C. 清洗
D. 修补
（3）Which of the following may NOT be included in the New Jersey studies on black bears?
A. The age.
B. The way of their communication.
C. The weight.
D. The number of babies they produce.
（4）In the Minnesota studies, researchers ________.
A. can never get close to the bears
B. study the bears while they are asleep
C. use grapes to make the bears full
D. learn a lot about the bears' everyday lives
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了新泽西和明尼苏达州的科学家研究黑熊的不同方法。

（1）细节理解题。

根据第一段 North American black bears are shy animals. They are fearful by nature .可知，北美黑熊是一种害羞和胆小的动物。

故选A。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据第二段and take it to the lab to find out its age. 带去实验室研究它的年龄，可知应先把牙拔掉，因此remove的意思是拔下。

故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

根据第二段 Researchers then work out the size and the weight of the bears.和 From these studies, researchers want to find out how many bears live in New Jersey, how long they live, and how many babies they produce. 可知，新泽西的科学家研究黑熊的年龄、重量和数量，但没有研究它们沟通的方式。

故选B。

（4）细节理解题。

根据第三段最后一句 Researchers can also walk or sit with bears for hours and make videos to learn about their everyday lives.可知，在明尼苏达州，科学家学习到很多关于熊的日常生活。

故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

6．阅读理解
Winter is cold in some places. Many plants do not grow during winter. Some plants die. Snow and ice may cover the ground. It can be hard for animals to find food during winter. Animals get through this time in many ways. Birds and butterflies can fly. Many of them fly to a place with nice weather in winter and return home in spring. We call it migration.
Another good way to be away from the cold is to sleep through it. Many animals hide themselves during the winter such as snakes, frogs and bears. They sleep and do not eat for the whole winter. We call it hibernation.
Some animals store food in their homes. They save some food in summer and fall and live on them. This is what squirrels （松鼠） do.
Other animals do not leave. They do not hide. Sometimes nature helps them out. Some animals grow thicker coats in the winter. Other animals change color. The arctic fox （北极狐） is brown in summer, but his coat turns white in winter.
Winter may be pretty. It is nice to see snow on the trees. But it is dangerous, too. People are also at risk. How do you beat the winter? Do you wear a thick coat? Do you stay inside?
Or do you live somewhere warm?
（1）During the winter, ____ go to the place with nice weather.
A. foxes
B. snakes
C. bears
D. butterflies
（2）_______ pass the winter by eating stored food.
A. Bears
B. Squirrels
C. Frogs
D. Birds
（3）The arctic fox turns the colour of his coat into in winter.
A. white
B. brown
C. pink
D. black
（4）The underlined word "hibernation" probably means _______ in the passage.
A. 迁徙
B. 繁殖
C. 冬眠
D. 灭绝（5）What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Animals do funny and interesting things.
B. Most flowers do not grow during the wintertime.
C. Animals pass the winter in many ways.
D. We must prepare for the dangers of winter.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了动物用许多方法度过冬天。

（1）细节题。

根据Birds and butterflies can fly. Many of them fly to a place with nice weather in winter and return home in spring.可知鸟和蝴蝶飞向有好天气的地方，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据Some animals store food in their homes. They save some food in summer and fall and live on them. This is what squirrels （松鼠） do.可知松鼠储存食物，故选B。

（3）细节题。

根据The arctic fox （北极狐） is brown in summer, but his coat turns white in winter.可知北极狐冬天把外套变为白色，故选A。

（4）推断题。

根据They sleep and do not eat for the whole winter.整个冬天睡觉，不吃东西，根据常识可知是冬眠，故选C。

（5）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了动物用许多方法度过冬天。

故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解
A new camera made by a company named Netatmo has facial recognition software （人脸识别系统） that can tell parents at work that their children have returned from school, or that a package （包裹） has been taken to their home. It can also tell them if a stranger has entered their home.
Janina Mattausch is a product marketing manager for Netatmo.
"The common security （安全） cameras at present are not that smart. So, they can tell you if something is moving but they don't necessarily know if it's a human being or, ah, if it's your kid- they don't know the difference, so they will warn （警告） you all the time."
When family members enter a home, the new camera "recognizes" （识别） them and sends information to the owner's smartphone. The owner can choose to see the video then or later. But if an unknown person enters a home, the camera will send the owner a warning that will cause an alarm to sound on the owner's smartphone.
That is what happened recently to a smart home camera owner named Damien. He lives in Paris.
"On a Friday I was at work, attending a big monthly meeting when my phone warned. At first I told myself 'Oh, it must be a mistake, maybe I have to set the system again.' —but the notice on my phone was telling me that there was a movement in my flat and also a face that the software did not recognize."
He watched the video and was very surprised by what he saw.
"I saw a person I did not know with his shoes on. I was watching it live on video. So I felt totally unbelievable, frozen. I asked a workmate to take me back home as fast as possible and I called the police on the way."
With the help of the video, the police found the intruder （闯入者） later that day.
（1）The new camera made by Netatmo can .
A. stop the visitors
B. recognize the comers
C. warn the strangers
D. welcome the children
（2）The fourth paragraph mainly tells us .
A. when the new camera is used
B. how the new camera works
C. what the new camera looks like
D. where the new camera is placed
（3）From the passage, what can we know about Damien?
A. Damien found the warning was a mistake.
B. Damien was too busy to notice the warning
C. Damien caught the intruder by himself that day.
D. Damien felt shocked to see a stranger in his flat.
（4）How does the writer prove （证明） the new camera works well?
A. By giving a report.
B. By doing a research.
C. By giving an example.
D. By doing an experiment （实验）.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍一种新型摄像机，有面部识别系统，能够识别来着，如果进入者不是家庭成员，还会发出警示。

（1）细节理解题。

根据文章第一句的内容 A new camera made by a company named Netatmo has facialrecognition software（识别系统）...可知这种新型摄像机能识别来者。

故选B。

（2）段落大意题。

第四段告诉我们当家庭成员进入屋子,新型摄像机识别他们,并把信息发
到主人的手机, 如果不认识的来者进入屋子，新型摄像机会发警示给主人的手机。

可知此段说明了这种新型摄像机是怎么工作的。

故选D。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文章内容I saw a person I did not know with his shoes on. I was watching it live onvideo. So I felt totally unbelievable, frozen. 可看出当Damien看见一位陌生人在他家屋里时,感到很惊讶。

故选D。

（4）推理判断题。

作者通过给出了Damien的列子,证明了这种新型摄像机的优点。

故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。

8．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Have you ever had thought about building a robot? Or putting together a spaceship? Or even seeing your face made out of chocolate? Done. All you need is a 3-D printer.
The possibilities of 3-D printing seem endless. All the user has to do is to design an object on the computer and choose a material to print in. The printers print in hundreds of different materials including glass, sugar and even skin! When the user presses "print", the 3-D printer spreads the materials layer by layer and like magic the object is produced.
The first 3-D printer was invented in 1986 by American, Charles Hull. But 3-D printing has only become cheap enough recently for most people to use. Designers now use 3-D printing to create unusual things. The Dutch artist Dirk Vander Kooj prints furniture made from old fridges.
And doctors have used 3-D printing to print human body parts! The Telegraph reported in February that scientists from Cornell Medical College even printed a man-made ear.
But like a lot of new technologies, if 3-D printing gets into the wrong hands, it can be dangerous.
In 2011 a group of four men in the US used 3-D printing to produce ATM skimmers. These were placed on an ATM and stole over $400,000 from users of the ATM. It is terrible to think that criminals like them might one day use a 3-D printer to print a gun.
But for better or for worse, 3-D printing has been put into use. In a few years, you'll probably be wondering how you could ever live without your 3-D printer!
（1）________ invented the first3-D printer.
A. Charles Hull
B. Four men in the US
C. Dirk Vander Kooj
D. A doctor called Cornell （2）What is the correct order for people to use a 3-D printer?
a. choose a proper material.
b. Press "print".
c. The 3-D printer spreads the material.
d. Use a computer to design an object.
A. a-b-c-d
B. d-c-b-a
C. a-c-d-b
D. d-a-b-c
（3）According to the passage, people have NOT yet produced ________ with a 3-D printer.
A. a gun
B. some furniture
C. a man-made ear
D. ATM skimmers
（4）What does the writer think of the 3-D printer?
A. It is useless in our daily life.
B. It is helpful but dangerous.
C. It is important only for our work.
D. It is too expensive for most people.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文给我们介绍了现在科技3D打印机的发展和用途，以及3D打印机的发明创造，应广泛用于现在生活的领域。

以及其重要作用。

（1）细节理解题。

根据短文中The first 3-D printer was invented in 1986 by an American, Charles Hull.可知，在1986年第一个3D打印机是一位美国人叫Charles Hull发明的，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。

根据短文中AII the user has to do is to design an object on the computer and choose a material toprint in; When the user presses（按） "print" ； the 3-D printer spreads the materials layer（层） by layer.可知，所有的使用者不得不在电脑上设计一个物体，然后选择材料去打印他,当使用者一按print' 按钮，打印机就复印到材料的底层，故选D。

（3 ）细节理解题。

根据文中It is terrible to think that criminals like them might one day use a 3-D printer to print agun.可怕的是喜欢3D打印机的罪犯们有一天用它去打印枪，故选A。

（4）推理判断题。

根据短文The possibilities of 3-D printing seem endless（无穷尽的）; it can be dangerous.可知，3D打印似乎是无穷尽的。

但是它也可能是危险的，故选B。

【点评】本题考查细节理解的阅读。

凡属针对特定细节的考题，其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分。

要做好阅读理解中的确定细节和事实的题目，一要在文章中找出相应的信息点，二要排除干扰项。

9．阅读理解
Some famous big cities got interesting nicknames（昵称）for some reasons. Here are three of them.
New York：The Big Apple
New York got the nickname because it is a city full of chances. It is said New York's musicians began to use it in the 1920s. There is an old saying in show business，"There are many apples on the tree，but only one big apple. When you chose New York，you picked the big one. ”
Paris：The City of Light
Paris has the name because there are so many lights in streets at night. However, there was a time when Paris had almost no lights. In 1828，Pairs began to build a network of street lights. It was the first city in Europe to do so，and it has the nickname "The City of Light".
London: The Big Smoke
London got its nickname because of the serious air problem during the late 19th century. But now, smoke in London is not that common. In 1956, the government made laws to clear the fog（雾）in the city. Now，it's easy for people to enjoy a sunny sky beside the beautiful Thames River.
（1）The Big Apple is the nickname of .
A. London
B. New York
C. Paris
D. Sydney
（2）Paris began to build a network of street lights in .
A. 1828
B. 1883
C. 1920
D. 1956
（3）London is called "The Big Smoke" mainly because of .
A. bright lights
B. clean rivers
C. air problem
D. water problem
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意；列举了3个城市的别名，纽约被称为大苹果，巴黎被称为城市之光，由于晚上有很多灯光，伦敦被称为大烟囱，因为它的空气污染问题。

（1）细节题。

根据文章提到的New York：The Big Apple，可知大苹果是纽约的代名词，故选B。

（2）细节题。

根据文章提到的In 1828，Pairs began to build a network of street lights 可知，时间是1828年，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据文章提到的London got its nickname because of the serious air problem during the late 19th century可知，由于空气问题，使得伦敦叫做大烟囱，故选C。

【点评】考查细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。

10．阅读理解
A 16-year-old Australian girl drove her bright pink ship out of Sydney Harbor on Sunday to begin her beautiful travel. She wanted to become the youngest person to sail solo（单人）around the world.
After saying goodbye to her parents beside the sea, Jessica sailed her 10-meter ship out of Sydney harbor, smiling to well-wishers.
Her plan is to make a 38-thousand-kilometer journey. Although people are not sure someone so young could make it, the girl and her parents insisted she was an experienced and good sailor. On the eve of her traveling, she said she was fully prepared.
Jessica said, "I suppose it's a big, scary（恐怖的）, and possibly risky（冒险的）thing to do, but yes, there's plenty of different risks, but it can't beat me." Jessica's trip is to last about eight months.
In August, a 17-year-old British boy, Mike, wanted to be the youngest solo round-the-world sailor. He made a 45-thousand-kilometer trip in nine months.
（1）What color is the girl's ship?
A. Yellow.
B. Blue.
C. Pink.
D. Red.
（2）Where did she begin her journey?
A. From Sydney Harbor.
B. From Pearl Harbor.
C. From Dalian Harbor.
D. From a harbor in Japan.
（3）Her plan is to make a -thousand kilometer journey.
A. 18
B. 28
C. 38
D. 48
（4）How long will her journey last about?
A. Seven months.
B. Eight months.
C. Nine months.
D. Ten months.（5）Which country is Mike from?
A. America.
B. Australia.
C. Canada.
D. England.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：一个16岁的澳大利亚女孩从悉尼出发，开始了为期8个月的旅行，她已经全部准备好了，迎接这个挑战，在8月一个英国男孩在9个月创下了航海记录。

（1）细节题。

根据文章提到的 A 16-year-old Australian girl drove her bright pink ship out of Sydney Harbor on Sunday to begin her beautiful travel可知，这个女孩的船的颜色是紫色的，故选C。

（2）细节题。

根据文章提到的 A 16-year-old Australian girl drove her bright pink ship out of Sydney Harbor on Sunday to begin her beautiful travel可知，她从悉尼海港出发，故选A。

（3）细节题。

根据文章提到的Her plan is to make a 38-thousand-kilometer journey可知她的计划是做一个38000千米的旅行，故选C。

（4）细节题。

根据文章提到的" Jessica's trip is to last about eight months可知她的旅行会持续8个月，故选B。

（5）细节题。

根据文章提到的In August, a 17-year-old British boy, Mike可知，Mike来
自英国，故选D。

【点评】考查细节题，做此类题首先熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可。

11．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Life Is a Journey
Anonymous
Life is a journey.
The path goes left and right.
There is hope and happiness,
Despair and difficulties.
There are so many choices along the way.
Which one is the best for me?
Each creates a different future.
If I compare myself with others,
It really doesn't help.
Their life isn't mine.
And I have to make up my own mind.
Success or failure may come.
But worrying isn't the answer.
I just need to enjoy the journey,
And never give up.
（1）In Verse （诗节） 2, the writer feels ________.
A. excited
B. unsure
C. worried
D. sad
（2）Read the summary （摘要） for each verse, and the right order is ________.
a. I need to make my own decisions.
b. Our choices lead to different futures.
c. It's best not to worry and keep working har
d.
d. Life can be compared to a journey.
A. d-b-a-c
B. d-b-c-a
C. d-c-b-a
D. d-a-c-b
（3）Another name for the poem would be ________.
A. My Choices
B. Going on a Trip
C. The Past and the Future
D. Enjoying the Journey of Life
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
【解析】【分析】大意：短文是一篇题为《生活是一次旅行》的诗歌。

（1）推理判断题。

根据第二节 Which one is the best for me? 哪一个对我最好，可知作者觉得不确定。

故选B。

（2）细节理解题。

根据第一节 Life is a journey. 可知，作者将生活比作一段旅行，d为第一项；根据第二节Each creates a different future. 可知，我们的选择会导致不一样的未来，B 为第二项；根据第三节 And I have to make up my own mind. 可知，我必须做好自己的决定，a为第三项；根据第四节But worrying isn't the answer. 可知，最好不要担心，而是努力，c 为第四项。

故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

根据最后一句I just need to enjoy the journey,And never give up.我只需要享受旅行，不要放弃，可知另一个比较好的标题应是享受生命的旅程。

故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题两常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

12．阅读下面的材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。

A few days ago, I walked into a stranger as he passed by. I said sorry to him, and we were very polite. Then we went on our way after saying goodbye.
Later in the kitchen at home, as I cooked our meal, my daughter Betty walked up to me, very quietly. When I turned around, I nearly knocked her down. "Get out of the way!" I shouted angrily. She ran away, crying.
That night, when I lay in bed, my husband said to me, "You were so rude to Betty. Go and look around on the kitchen floor, and you'll find some flowers there. Betty brought those for you. She picked them herself, pink, yellow, and your favourite blue."
When I heard this, I thought deeply, "While meeting with a stranger, I was calm and polite; but with my daughter, I was not patient （耐心的）. I felt sad and tears began to fall.
I quietly went to Betty's bed, "Wake up, my dear," I said, "Are these the flowers you picked for me?" She smiled, "I found them by the tree. I knew you'd like them, especially the blue. " I said, "I am so sorry that I treated （对待）you that way today. " And she whispered （悄声说）, "Mommy, that's okay. I still love you anyway. " I kissed her and said, "I love you too and I do love the flowers. "
That day Betty gave me a lesson on how to get along with each other in the family. I spent much time on work before and didn't realize how important family life was. I decided to do better in the future.
（1）What did the writer do when she walked into a man?
A. She got angry with him.
B. She didn't say sorry to him.
C. She said sorry to him politely.
D. She left without saying anything.
（2）How did the writer deal with it when she nearly knocked down her daughter?
A. She held her temper.
B. She talked to her quietly。