2020年杭州市育才中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析

2020年杭州市育才中学高三英语第四次联考试题及答案解析
第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
A Lifelong Devotion to Keeping People Fed
Yuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator, known for developing the hybrid rice varieties.
Yuan graduated from the Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1953 andbegan his teaching career at an agriculture school.
In the 1960s, when a serious food shortage sweptChina, Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice. He then began a lifelong connection with rice.
Yuan succeeded in growing the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu (about 0.067 hectares), rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu. For the next four decades, he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice, achieving increasingly higher outputs. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by Yuan’s team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.
InChina, where rice is the main food for the majority of the 1.4 billion people, the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares, or 57 % of the total planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.
Hybrid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries, including theU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam, thePhilippinesandMadagascar. The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.
Even after a great success, Yuan never held himself back from making new breakthroughs. In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice inQingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6.67 million hectares of saline-alkaline land acrossChinato boost the country’s rice harvest by about 20 %. In 2018, Yuan’s team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields inDubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwestChina’sQinghaiProvince. The experiment succeeded.
Yuan had two dreams — to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice could be grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.
1. What made Yuan Longping decide to study rice?
A. A serious food shortage.
B. Agriculture development.
C. His interest in the rice experiment.
D. His wish to plant the tallest rice in the world.
2. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping ________.
A. developed a variety of hybrid rice
B. worked as a scientist after graduation
C. started to grow seawater rice inDubaiin 2017
D. grew the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1953
3. We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longping’s most outstanding qualities are________.
A. modest and outgoing
B. honest and creative
C. generous and optimistic
D. responsible and devoted
B
Photographer Rebecca Douglas has always been fascinated by the night sky. Her love for stars has taken theU.K.resident on “star walking” trips toIcelandand into theArctic, where she steps out onto darkened trails to capture twinkling stars and glowing planets in her images.
Hiking at night isn’t uncommon. Plenty of people hike after dark to get to campsites or watch the sunrise from a mountaintop. Star walking goes a step further by blending hiking with stargazing. Rather than heading to an observatory or setting up a telescope in your backyard,star walking takes you on a brief journey to look at the stars from different viewpoints.
Whether you’re in the mountainside or by the lake with stars reflecting on the water, star walking is often much more dynamic than traditional stargazing.
What’s more, star walking is good for you. There are plenty of studies that show the health benefits of being in nature. Spending at least two hours a week outdoors, particularly while engaging in what involves “effortless attention”, can decrease blood pressure, heart rate, and stress levels.
So how does an aspiring star walker get started? It doesn’t take much more than a sturdy pair of boots.
While telescopes and binoculars obviously have their uses, people are encouraged to start with naked-eye stargazing. Using only the eyes allows one to get lost in the infinite expanse of space and lets the mind go.
It is advised that one read up on the night sky before heading out. Free mobile apps, such as Star Walk 2, can help identify celestial bodies（天体）and are easy to use—simply point your phone at the sky to reveal a map. Websites like Sky & Telescope and NASA’s Space Place cover the basics, have in-depth explanations on stars, and
offer advice on equipment. Space Place posts monthly skywatching updates, so you can plan outings around events such as meteor showers.
In the United States, national parks are great options for inexperienced night hikers. Many offer guided outings that explain the importance of protecting night skies. Those with a good number of walks under their belt may want to try GlacierNational Park in Montana.
If national parks and other dark-sky designated areas are out of range, check local astronomy clubs and observatories for guided sessions. Sites like the International Astronomical Union are useful for finding resources by area.
At the end of the day, the best advice is to take it slow and enjoy the journey.
“With all of the chaos（混乱）that’s happening around us, the one constant has been the night sky,” explains Douglas, who hasbeen exploring popular places nearby, long after the crowds have gone home for the day. “Walking is quite a mindful way of looking up and being reminded that, although everything feels so different, some things are still the same.”
4. According to the passage, star walking refers to ________.
A. going to an observatory
B. looking at stars in mountains
C. combining hiking and stargazing
D. setting up a telescope in the backyard
5. One of the reasons why people go on a star walking is that _______.
A. it’s easier to identify celestial bodies
B. it is good for physical and mental health
C. they can enjoy the journey without crowds
D. they can raise awareness of protecting night skies
6. According to the passage, a star walking beginner is advised to _______.
A. prepare a pair of strong boots
B. start by observing with telescopes
C. join an astronomy club or an observatory
D. find guided outings with the help of mobile apps
7. The main purpose of the passage is to ________.
A. excite people’s interest in star walking
B. recommend some places for star walking
C. explain the health benefits of star walking
D. introduce the preparations for star walking
C
When I was trying to find a place where to spend my December holidays, I met by chance some cheap flights to Iceland. After checking just a few winter pictures of Iceland, I realized that the country, known as the land of fire and ice, during the cold months of the year could offer me experiences I had never had before.
For sure you can’t miss the chance to go to Iceland in winter if your traveling wish list includes at least one of the crazy experiences Iceland can offer. Iceland in the North Atlantic Ocean is a paradise (乐园) for all those who want to see the northern lights, experience cold weather conditions and put themselves in geothermal (地热的) baths while the snow is falling on their head.
The best way to move around Iceland is with a rental car. Distances are huge and public transport in winter is not really common out of the major towns. As we wanted to be even more convenient we decided to rent a small camper (野营车). Sleeping and cooking in a camper saved us a lot of driving, money and gave us the chance tobe always in the right place at the right time.
There were also no locals and in many cases no tourist facilities (设备). For us, as we slept in a camper, it was easier. But for tourists traveling by normal cars it is necessary to check the opening times ofhotels and restaurants as many of them run just from June to September.
It is amazing to experience how the weather is changing in Iceland. However, Icelanders prefer to stay inside their houses. They have even no time to complain about the weather in December. All they care about is Christmas. They love to decorate their houses, sing Christmas songs and eat typical Christmas food.
8. Why is Iceland famous as the land of fire and ice?
A. Because tourists would like to play with fire on the ice.
B. Because it is too dry to easily cause fire to happen.
C. Because it is hot inside a house and cold outside.
D. Because there exist hot springs and freezing ice.
9. What did the author think of the rented camper?
A. It was not only practical but also economical.
B. It was convenient but cost them more money.
C. It provided the best chance to see the new country.
D. It was much faster than other public transport.
10. What does the last paragraph imply?
A. The Icelanders prefer to live with their family.
B. The joy of Christmas drives the freezing weather away.
C. December is the coldest month of the year.
D. The Icelanders are always positive and stay outside.
11. What does this passage most probably come from?
A. A textbook
B. A scientific report
C. A travel magazine
D. A news report
D
Tourism is often about seeking deeper emotional and personal connections with the world around us. Not all travel experiences, however, need to take place in the real world. With the evolution of virtual reality(VR) technology, tourism will increasingly become a combination of physical and virtual worlds. VR may even remove the need to travel entirely.
But can a VR experience really equal a real world one? Many experts believe it can. Studies have shown that our brains have an inbuilt VR-like mechanism that enables us to live imagined experiences. Much of our waking life is spent thinking about either the past or the future. This is known as" mind wandering". During these events we' re not paying attention to the current world around us. Instead, we' re recalling memories, or creating and processing imagined futures.
When engaged in mind wandering, our brains process these mental images using the same pathways used to receive inputs from the real world. So, the imagined past or future can create emotions and feelings similar to how we react to everyday life. VR can create these same feelings.
While critics might argue that a virtual experience will never match reality, there are several ways VR tourism could make a positive contribution. Firstly it could help protect sensitive locations from over-tourism. In recent years famous sites such as Maya Bay in Thailand, and Cambodia's Angkor Wat Temples have had to limit the number of visitors because of their negative impact. These places are now producing their own VR experiences that will allow tourists to pass through virtual models of the sites.
Virtual reality may also allow people back in time, to experience historical events, visit ancient cities, and even to walk among dinosaurs.
Finally, in a world where many people suffer from stress and depression due to overwork, virtual tourism may
provide a cheap and convenient way for people to take brief holidays to otherwise unreachable destinations and recharge their batteries, without ever leaving their homes.
It sounds like science fiction but it's already happening. As virtual technology improves and as people continue to demand new and interesting experiences, expect more virtual tourism, both in combination with the real world and instead of it.
12. What is driving the development of virtual tourism?
A. Companies seeking to make more money.
B. Improvements in virtual reality technology.
C. People's demand for more shared experiences.
D. People's deeper understanding of the physical world.
13. Which of the following best describes "mind wandering"?
A. The brain processes which help people think VR is real.
B. The way the brain processes inputs from the real world.
C. Brain activities focusing on past or future events.
D. Experiences coming from a person's imagination.
14. What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Science fiction.
B. Virtual technology.
C. Virtual tourism.
D. The real world.
15. What is the purpose of the passage?
A. To describe the advantages of VR tourism.
B. To give suggestions for reducing over-tourism.
C. To encourage people to develop VR technology.
D. To argue VR tourism will replace the real world travel.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项Everyone wants to be nice to their own pets! Here are a few tips.
Feed them not too little, but not too much either. You have to tell the difference between the times they’re hungry and the times they’re just trying to get food. Clean their food and drink bowls at least once a
day.____16____You wouldn’t eat off the same plate for one whole week or drink out of the same glass for a month!
____17____Pets want as much of your attention as possible, dogs especially. In general, admit your pets’ existence; even say “Hi, how are you doing?” Clearly they won’t understand what you’re saying, but it shows that you care for them.
Take dogs on walks. Most dogs don’t like to be kept in a house all day long.____18____They can also meet other dogs this way. Dogs like the company of other dogs.
Take them to the vet regularly. Your pet may not like it.____19____Reward it once in a while and he will be happy with what he gets.
If you had to take your dog to the hospital, he might be afraid of riding in cars.____20____Your dog will finally realize that not all car rides end at the hospital.
A. Ask others to share.
B. It’s the same with us.
C. Give your pets attention.
D. Make sure it hasa warm place to live in.
E. They like to get out and enjoy the flesh air.
F. In that case, take very short car rides that lead somewhere pleasant.
G. But it’s better to cause a little discomfort now than to find out later that it has a disease.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项Chris Rosati gave away donuts (甜甜圈) and honored kids for their random acts of kindness. He still wanted to make the world a___21___place. His latest finding is about the butterfly effect. The butterfly effect is that a single butterfly flapping (拍动) its___22___on one side of the globe can, in___23___, start a hurricane on the other. It's a___24___concept, but Rosati wondered if it could be___25___to kindness as well.
A few months ago he decidedto___26___the theory at a diner in his hometown. He saw two girls at the table next to his and gave them each $ 50 with one simple___27___—do some thing kind. Rosati left the diner and forgot all about it___28___he got an email. It___29___pictures from a village inAfricawith people holding signs that____30____, "Thanks a lot for spreading____31____—Chris Rosati. " "It was the butterfly effect," said Rosati. The two girls said they couldn't____32____it when a stranger gave them each $ 50 dollars. "That makes you want to do something____33____with that money."
The girls said they already knew about this village where the people there had been working hard to____34____Ebola (埃博拉病毒), so the girls paid for a____35____to help them celebrate being Ebola-free. They said it felt great to help. "It____36____us that we would definitely encourage other people to do it,"____37____they. To that end, Rosati____38____his latest campaign last month to____39____lots of little butterfly grants (拨款)一$50 each—to any kid who wants to start____40____the world.
21. A. cleaner B. better C. quieter D. neater
22. A. wings B. legs C. eyes D. cheeks
23. A. fact B. advance C. theory D. brief
24. A. politics B. chemistry C. biochemistry D. physics
25. A. addicted B. applied C. attained D. attached
26. A. describe B. track C. test D. teach
27. A. instruction B. construction C. design D. translation
28. A. while B. though C. unless D. until
29. A. obtained B. included C. appointed D. guaranteed
30. A. whispered B. saw C. read D. exhibited
31. A. kindness B. loneliness C. witness D. weakness
32. A. beg B. behave C. beat D. believe
33. A. good B. random C. fair D. cautious
34. A. suffer B. waste C. matter D. fight
35. A. deal B. feast C. fee D. match
36. A. warned B. freed C. inspired D. alarmed
37. A. exchanged B. complained C. replied D. added
38. A. launched B. repeated C. cooperated D. connected
39. A. take out B. give out C. come out D. hang out
40. A. travelling B. controlling C. changing D. cycling
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Most of us already know that attending a universal college means getting advantages and opportunities_____41._____a better future. In this Buzzle post, we will____42.____(discuss) some important points all the time on why we all should attend a college.
Many parents and high school____43.____( student) often want to know why college is important, and what can be gained from it. After all, a college education is not something____44.____comes cheap and it____45.____(do) take a few years before an individual can start to earn his/her own income. However, this is thinking about the future career education that becomes important. We know the purpose of a college education is to live____46.____better life.
Education is, after all, an____47.____(invest) and the more time invested in it, you will____48.____(eventual) translate it into a greater return. It is said that a person with a degree has the ability____49.____(earn) more than twice the amount that a person with a high school diploma will earn, in their lifetimes. Moreover, a degree gives one the option of_____50._____(enjoy) greater health benefits, tax benefits, and also garner respect in the society.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

When the earthquake was happened in 2008 my aunt was still a little girl in small county in Sichuan. Today, she can well remember doctors and nurses in white overalls which were busy day and night save the injured in our hometown. It was then when she made up her mind to be someone like them. Her dreams came true after she graduated from a local medical school. On January 2020, when bad news came that Hubei was badly in need of doctors and nurses to fight COVID-19, she applied to be there to help out but her application was approved. Before she leaves, she told us she was grateful for what people did for us after the earthquake and that she had decided to pay them forward.
第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Last night, my partner John and I went to the levees (堤岸) where I was relearning how to run. He supported on his bike and I went as fast or as slow as my old legs wanted to take me. Ahead of us was a very old man with a plastic bag who seemed to be unable to walk a straight line. John said, “You keep running, and I will check on him.”
John was holding his hand. John told the man, “We are going to come back this way. If you are still here, we will check on you.” The man said he was fine but he was going to stay down for a bit. He was on the ground at the bottom of the levee and off a walkway that backed up into other people’s homes. We ran on for 10-15 minutes or so and turned around.
John rode ahead to see if he was still there. When I got to the spot, there was John and the man. The man didn’t look fine — he was stumbling (蹒跚而行) around and seemed lost.
The man in the meantime tried to climb up the levee and fell again and as he sat there, I walked down. I said, “Hi, my name is Mia, what’s your name?” He laughed and looked at me. I said light-heartedly, “I am relearning how to run. I didn’t realize it was so difficult.” He said, “Oh my son and I run too — yeah it’s not always easy.”
It was starting to get dark. Turns out the man’s name was John also. I said, “Shall we walk together, John?” He said, “Okay.” He didn’t want me to grab his hand or arm to help him, so I said, “I’ll just stand by you if that is okay.” “That’s okay,” he said.
We walked down the levee together with John riding behind. Through our walk he swerved (急转弯) from either side of the levee — I stayed calm and moved to either side casually trying not to look like I was blocking.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1:
I said to our new friend John, “Do you know why we are concerned?”
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
He waved goodbye to us and practically ran into the dark.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________
参考答案
1. A
2. A
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. A
8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C
12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
16. B 17. C 18. E 19. G 20. F
21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32.
D 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. D 38. A 39. B 40. C
41. for
42. discuss
43. students
44. that 45. does
46. a 47. investment
48. eventually
49. to earn
50. enjoying
51.(1). was 删掉。

(2). in small之间加a。

(3). which→who/that。

(4). save→saving。

(5). when→that。

(6). dreams→dream。

(7). On→In。

(8). but→and。

(9). leaves→left。

(10). them→it。

52.略。