大学英语六级改革适用(听力)模拟试卷501(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷501(题后含答案及解析)
题型有：1. What is the evidence that these things are caused by heavy use of these devices?M: Well, the research that I did was correlational. So, proving causation, really, you need a different type of method. But, fortunately, there are two studies that have looked at adults over time and seeing that, when they use social media more, their psychological well-being goes down and mental health problems increase.W: And you feel confident that this effect could not be caused by other factors in society, the economy, employment, access to health care, so many other things that could drive our sense of well-being?M: Yes, so I looked at the economy, and of course, the great recession had a big effect on people. Unemployment really went up. But if you look at the pattern for unemployment, for example, a good indicator of the strength of the economy, unemployment really peaked out at about 2010, and then went down, and is now quite low. But the data for mental health goes in the other direction. It doesn’t do a whole lot until about 2011 or 2012. So, unemployment doesn’t seem to be the answer.W: Last question. What kind of advice would you give parents?M: Well, I think, put off getting teen a smartphone as long as you can.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. What does the man find out about the link between social media and teenagers?2. What is the effect of social media on teenagers according to the woman?3. How does the man define the effect of social media on the youth?4. What is the man’s advice to parents?
1．
A．Social media help young people make more friends.
B．Social media help young people widen their horizons.
C．Social media make young people more isolated.
D．Social media make young people less friendly.
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力
2．
A．Increasing number of dropouts.
B．The sense of jealousy.
C．Higher rates of suicide.
D．Closer ties with friends.
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力
3．
A．Positive.
B．Constructive.
C．Helpful.
D．Harmful.
4．
A．Do not buy their children smartphones.
B．Put off buying their children smartphones.
C．Buy their children smartphones as early as possible.
D．Regulate their children’s use of smartphones.
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力
听力原文：W: Hello, David. You look upset. What is bothering you?M: Well, I am considering getting another job.W: I see. Changing careers is never easy, and what is wrong with your present one?M: It seems my boss is too critical and I can hardly find a way to satisfy him.W: Your goal as an employee should be to make your boss’life easier. If you can help your manager look good to theirs, you’re in good shape.M: Never mind. I am sort of bored at work and burned out on this job. Any suggestions for a career change?W: My first suggestion is not to make a rash decision. Before changing occupations, you should do a deep dive to assess why you want to leave your current one. You need to invest time to figure out why you’re dissatisfied and what’s going to make you more satisfied going forward. You should be running toward something, not running away from something.M: Sounds quite reasonable. The other thing that bothers me is the low salary my present job offers.W: You obviously need to be financially strategic when choosing your next career, but don’t base your decision solely on earning potential. If you take a high-paying job that doesn’t match your interests, values, or strengths, you’re not going to be happy. It’s not that you should disregard salary when evaluating your options, but you must consider other important factors—like work-life balance and room for growth—in addition to compensation.M: I will consider that.W: One more thing. Even if everything you research about the field you’re interested in sounds promising, until you actually talk with people who work within that field, you really don’t know what you’re in for.M: So what is the best way to get reliable tips?W: One of the best ways to expand your circle is to go on informational interviews with people who currently work in the field you’re pursuing. During these meetings, be sure to ask meaningful questions.M: I see. Thank you for your information. It helps a lot.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. Why is the man leaving his present job?6. What is the woman’s first suggestion to the man on shifting jobs?7. What is the woman’s attitude toward salary?8. How can the man get reliable tips on the field he is interested in according to the woman?
5．
A．Because he dislikes challenges.
B．Because his boss is too picky.
C．Because it requires him to work overtime.
D．Because it is too demanding.
6．
A．Giving priority to income.
B．Giving priority to potential.
C．Making a detailed investigation of the future job.
D．Thinking twice and finding out why he wants to quit.
正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力
7．
A．It is the most important factor when seeking a new job.
B．It is the least important factor when seeking a new job.
C．Except salary, other factors should also be taken into consideration.
D．Salary should be disregarded when compared with other factors.
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力
8．
A．Making a thorough investigation of the field on the Internet.
B．Asking meaningful questions during the job interview.
C．Meeting and consulting people working in the field.
D．Having direct contact with his future colleagues.
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力
Section B
听力原文：Security researchers have found serious vulnerabilities in chips made by Intel and other companies that, if exploited, could leave passwords and other sensitive data exposed.The discovery comes shortly after the chipmaker said it was working on a patch.In a statement released Wednesday, Intel acknowledged the problem, saying that it is “working closely with many other technology companies, including AMD, ARM Holdings and several operating system vendors, to develop an industry-wide approach to resolve this issue promptly and constructively. Intel has begun providing software and firmware updates to mitigate these exploits.”According to The Associated Press: “Tech companies typically withhold details about security problems until fixes are available so that hackers wouldn’t have a roadmap to exploit the flaws. But in this case, Intel was forced to disclose the problem Wednesday after British technology site The Register reported it, causing Intel’s stock to fall.”The Register reports that “Programmers are scrambling to overhaul the open-source Linux kernel’s virtual memory system. Meanwhile, Microsoft is expected to publicly introduce the necessary changes to its Windows operating system in an upcoming patch Tuesday: these changes were seeded to beta testers running fast-ring Windows
Insider builds in November and December.”The tech site added, “Crucially, these updates to both Linux and Windows will incur a performance hit on Intel products.”However, that is a claim that Intel disputes. “Any performance impacts are workload-dependent, and, for the average computer user, should not be significant and will be mitigated over time,”the company says.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. What will happen if the bugs in chips are exploited?10. What do tech companies typically do about security problems?11. What does Intel say about the performance impacts of the updates?
9．
A．Operating systems will crash.
B．Computer networks will be attacked.
C．Applications will be damaged.
D．Sensitive information will be exposed.
正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力
10．
A．Conceal details until fixes are available.
B．Develop an industry-wide approach.
C．Disclose details in the first place.
D．Provide replacement applications.
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力
11．
A．They will influence Intel products.
B．They are dependent on workload.
C．They are significant for computer users.
D．They will not be mitigated over time.
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力
听力原文：An increasing number of new laws across the United States make it a crime to be homeless. But these laws don’t actually manage to get people off the streets—they just perpetuate the cycle of homelessness, experts say.These laws are particularly cruel considering people sitting or sleeping outdoors often have nowhere else to go. The US has seen a dramatic rise in tent cities over the past decade, in a response to a shortage of shelters, according to a new report from NLCPH.Even those who manage to gain access to shelters often have to make difficult tradeoffs. Going to shelters often means being vulnerable to theft, and many shelters limit the items people can bring, which forces people who are homeless to discard belongings.Shelters also typically shut their doors during the day, which means that people who are unhoused have to spend at least part of it on the streets—standing, sitting or lying down—and risk getting punished for it.In recent years, some cities
have tested the concept of “housing first”and have seen promising results. The concept encourages giving people a place to live first, then addressing employment and medical issues, rather than the other way around.While numerous case studies have demonstrated that “housing first”works, Maria Foscarinis, founder and executive director of the National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty, says that misinformation and a wish for an immediate fix are preventing other cities from implementing such programs.Perhaps the harder challenge is convincing lawmakers that investing in long-term, supportive services is worthwhile.“These laws are a quick fix to a growing problem,”Foscarinis said. “It’s easier to pass a law that makes homelessness into a crime than to do something, take action—that requires more time.”Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. What do experts say about the US laws making homelessness a crime?13. What do we learn about the shelters?14. Which of the following solutions to homelessness has seen promising results?15. Why is it a harder challenge to convince lawmakers that investing in long-term services is worthwhile?
12．
A．They help people get legal shelters.
B．They continue the cycle of homelessness.
C．They force the homeless to support themselves.
D．They help solve the problem of homelessness.
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力
13．
A．Many of them shut their doors during holidays.
B．Many of them are run by private groups.
C．Many of them limit the items people can bring.
D．Many of them are too shabby to stay in.
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力
14．
A．Making new laws.
B．Offering tents.
C．Housing first.
D．Employment first.
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力
15．
A．Because it requires more time than passing a law.
B．Because it cannot reduce unemployment rate.
C．Because it offends the benefit of taxpayers.
D．Because it needs a lot of money.
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力
Section C
听力原文：Recently, two leading heart organizations changed the definition of what it means to have high blood pressure. Because of this change, the number of Americans with high blood pressure jumped from 32 percent to 46 percent. Doctors at the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology now classify anyone with a blood pressure reading of 130 over 80 as having high blood pressure. Before, the limits for high blood pressure had been a top number of 140 and a lower number of 90. Health experts at the website ScienceDaily say blood pressure is defined by two numbers. The top number represents the force with which your heart pumps blood into the blood vessels. The bottom is a measure of the resistance to the blood flow in the body’s blood vessels. The American Heart Association says the new guidelines are designed to help people take steps to control their blood pressure earlier. High blood pressure can cause heart disease and stroke—the two leading causes of death in the world.A 2016 study by the World Health Organization and hundreds of scientists found that the number of people in the world with high blood pressure had reached 1.13 billion. However, the study defined high blood pressure as 140 over 90. Should they adopt the new guidelines, the number of people with high blood pressure worldwide will most likely increase. Scientists at Imperial College London led the study and looked at blood pressure measurements from nearly 20 million people from the years 1975 to 2015. In this study, they found that the number of people with high blood pressure nearly doubled in 40 years. Researchers found that over half of the world’s adults with high blood pressure lived in Asia. Around 226 million people in China have high blood pressure, along with 200 million in India. This study also found that in 2015 people in South Korea, the USA and Canada had the lowest high blood pressure rates in the world. With the new US guidelines, the US ranking in the world could change. The researchers from Imperial College London published their findings from the study in the January 2017 edition of the medical journal The Lancet. Does this mean more medication is necessary? Health experts are warning people not to rush to medication to lower their high blood pressure. They advise that there are many lifestyle changes a person can make to effectively keep their blood pressure at a healthy level. Regular exercise and losing weight can lower your blood pressure. In some people, making changes in diet can make a big difference. Eating more fruits, vegetables, fish, beans, nuts and seeds can help. Eating less sodium and drinking less alcohol can also help.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. What is the purpose of redefining high blood pressure?17. What did scientists at Imperial College London find in their study from 1975 to 2015?18. What do health experts advise people to do to lower their high blood pressure?
16．
A．To arouse public concern over high blood pressure.
B．To make people control their blood pressure earlier.
C．To increase the accuracy of measuring blood pressure.
D．To make clear what is high blood pressure.
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力
17．
A．High blood pressure was no longer a thorny problem around the world.
B．The number of people having high blood pressure! almost doubled.
C．Nearly half of the world’s people with high blood pressure lived in Asia.
D．People in the UK had the lowest high blood pressure rates in the world.
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力
18．
A．Resort to medication at once.
B．Eat only fruit and vegetables.
C．Keep away from meat.
D．Make changes in their lifestyles.
正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力
听力原文：Most people do not have a high opinion of bats. Bats often appear in movies and literature as terrifying creatures to be avoided. The animals have even been linked in popular culture to vampires, seeking to attack and drink the blood of human victims. In reality, bats are usually not a threat to people. Like other wild animals, some bats can carry the dangerous virus rabies. But bats can do good things for people and the environment. For example, bats eat a lot of different insects that can harm our environment. But a serious disease is currently threatening the bat population in many parts of the United States. The disease is a fungus called white-nose syndrome. It has killed more than 6 million bats across North America since 2007. Bats catch the fungus through their skin while resting on the walls of mountain caves. Biologist Lindsay Rohrbaugh says the disease spreads quickly and can lead to strange behaviour in bats. “Bats are arousing more often than they are supposed to be during hibernation. And when they do that, they are unable to find food, and they unfortunately die.”In Washington D.C., researchers are studying how white-nose syndrome is affecting the area’s nine species of bats. Some scientists are trapping bats on an island in the middle of the Anacostia River to test for the disease. The group is receiving federal money to help carry out their studies. Marco Carvello is with the D.C. government’s Department of Energy and Environment. He says scientists are concerned that the disease is continuing to greatly reduce the bat population. “They typically have one child a year when they reproduce. So, that’s another reason that white-nose has been so detrimental. They don’t have a lot of babies.”The bat deaths are affecting the quality of human life in many ways, according to Lindsay Rohrbaugh. “Without bats, we are seeing an increase of
mosquitoes and other pests that are destroying food sources for us. And I think that’s only going to get worse over time if we don’t find some way to protect the species that we have left.”One theory is that some bats are no longer returning to caves to avoid getting sick. This means more of them are now making their way into cities, where contact with humans is more likely. Experts advise people to keep away from bats in case they are infected with rabies. Instead, they say animal control officers should be called to come and safely remove the animals.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. Why do most people have a dislike of bats?20. Where do the scientists studying bats get their research funds?21. How many children does a female bat produce in a year?22. Why do experts advise city dwellers to keep away from bats?
19．
A．Because they are not good-looking.
B．Because they are dirty creatures.
C．Because they are depicted as terrifying creatures.
D．Because they are prone to hurt people.
正确答案：C 涉及知识点：听力
20．
A．From the government.
B．From animal protection associations.
C．From charity organizations.
D．From animal control offices.
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力
21．
A．Typically one.
B．Usually two.
C．At least three.
D．More than four.
正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力
22．
A．They might get panic and harm people.
B．They might get infected with virus.
C．They should be driven away.
D．They should be protected.
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力
听力原文：American economist Richard Thaler has won the 2017 Nobel Prize
for Economics. Thaler was recognized for his work as a behavioral economist. That means he studies the reasons behind the economic decisions people make. Thaler received the prize partly for his research into why people often make irrational financial decisions. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced the $1.1 million prize on Monday.Speaking of the prize money, Thaler told reporters in Chicago after the announcement, “I will spend it as irrationally as possible.”The award committee said Thaler explored “the consequences of limited rationality, social preferences, and lack of self-control.”It said the American economist’s work has shown how human qualities affect people’s individual decisions and the movements of financial markets. Thaler developed the theory of “mental accounting.”It describes how people create separate accounts in their minds to try to simplify financial decision-making. He described how this can lead to less rational financial decisions like saving for a vacation while paying high credit card interest. His research, Bloomberg noted, showed that people often choose short-term pleasures, “which is why many people fail to plan and save for their old age.”The Reuters said Thaler’s research showed that such traits “as lack of self-control and fear of losing what you already have”can cause people to make bad short-term decisions. One of those, Thaler noted, was keeping stock shares that have lost value or selling them too soon when they have gained value. Thaler helped develop the “nudge”theory. It is the idea that small incentives can influence people to make good decisions. He said people should be permitted to make their own choices, but society “should actively try to guide individuals in the right direction.”Cass Sunstein and Thaler wrote about the idea in the 2008 book Nudge. The theory has been used by political candidates as they work to influence voters and government officials seeking to make changes in society. Other areas also interested Thaler. He studied fairness. He found that people can accept increasing prices if the costs of many things are going up. But he found that they strongly disapprove of companies that raise prices simply because of high demand for one product. Bloomberg called Thaler’s Nobel Prize “a reward for 40 years of work spent studying human bias and temptation.”Thaler is considered one of the first behavioral economists. His field, once criticized, has grown in popularity among economists over the last 10 years.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. What does Richard Thaler study?24. Why do many people fail to plan and save for their old age according to Bloomberg?25. What can we learn about Behavioral Economics?
23．
A．The reasons behind people’s irrational behaviour.
B．The reasons behind the economic decisions people make.
C．The consequences of irrational financial decisions.
D．The consequences of the movements of financial markets.
正确答案：B 涉及知识点：听力
24．
A．They always spend impulsively.
B．They have to pay high credit card interest. C．They lack right life guidance.
D．They tend to choose short-term pleasures.
正确答案：D 涉及知识点：听力
25．
A．It was criticized at some time in the past.
B．It is now the most attractive field in economics. C．It has a history of less than 40 years.
D．It focuses on studying human bias and temptation. 正确答案：A 涉及知识点：听力。